As healthcare professionals, we know that anxiety can affect people of all ages, including children. Children may experience anxiety in response to a variety of situations, such as starting a new school, taking a test, or experiencing changes in their home life. As caregivers and healthcare providers, it’s important to understand the signs of anxiety in children and how we can help them manage their symptoms. In this blog post, we’ll explore the signs of anxiety in children and provide some strategies for helping them cope.
What is Anxiety in Children?
Anxiety is a normal human emotion that everyone experiences at times. It’s a feeling of fear, worry, or unease about something that may or may not happen in the future. In children, anxiety can manifest itself in different ways. Some children may become clingy, while others may become irritable or avoidant. Children with anxiety may also experience physical symptoms, such as headaches, stomachaches, or nausea.
Common Signs of Anxiety in Children
Anxiety in children can take many different forms, and it’s important to be able to recognize the signs. Here are some common signs of anxiety in children:
- Excessive worrying or fear about everyday activities
- Avoidance of social situations or activities they used to enjoy
- Difficulty sleeping or frequent nightmares
- Physical symptoms such as headaches or stomachaches
- Irritability or moodiness
- Clinginess or separation anxiety
- Excessive need for reassurance from parents or caregivers
- Perfectionism or fear of making mistakes
When to Seek Help
While anxiety is a normal part of childhood, it’s important to seek help if your child’s anxiety is affecting their daily life or causing significant distress. If your child is experiencing any of the following, it may be time to seek professional help:
- Their anxiety is interfering with their ability to participate in normal activities
- They are experiencing physical symptoms such as headaches or stomachaches
- They are having difficulty sleeping or eating
- They are exhibiting signs of depression, such as loss of interest in activities they used to enjoy
How to Help Your Child Manage Anxiety
As parents and caregivers, there are several things you can do to help your child manage their anxiety:
- Validate their feelings: Let your child know that it’s okay to feel anxious, and that you’re there to support them.
- Create a calming environment: Make sure your child’s environment is as calm and peaceful as possible. This may involve minimizing noise and distractions, and creating a space where your child feels safe and comfortable.
- Teach relaxation techniques: Breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation, and guided imagery can all help your child relax and manage their anxiety.
- Encourage physical activity: Regular exercise can help reduce anxiety and promote feelings of well-being. Encourage your child to participate in activities they enjoy, such as swimming, biking, or playing sports.
- Practice self-care: As a caregiver, it’s important to take care of yourself so you can better support your child. Make sure you’re getting enough sleep, eating well, and taking time to do things you enjoy.
When to Consider Therapy
If your child’s anxiety is severe or is not improving with self-help strategies, it may be time to consider therapy. There are several different types of therapy that may be helpful for children with anxiety, including:
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): CBT is a type of therapy that helps children learn how to identify and challenge
- Get Support from Family and Friends
- While it’s important to seek professional help for a child with anxiety, it’s also crucial for the child to have a support system at home. Parents and other family members should be patient, understanding, and reassuring. They should encourage the child to express their feelings and listen attentively. It’s also helpful to involve close friends and other trusted adults in the child’s support system. This can include teachers, coaches, and mentors. These individuals can offer guidance, encouragement, and a listening ear when the child needs it most.
- Practice Relaxation Techniques
- Teaching children relaxation techniques can be an effective way to manage their anxiety. Techniques such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and visualization can help children calm their minds and bodies.
- Parents and caregivers can encourage children to practice these techniques regularly, even when they are not feeling anxious. This can help them build resilience and develop healthy coping skills that will serve them well throughout their lives.
Conclusion
Anxiety in children is a common and often treatable condition. As healthcare professionals and caregivers, it’s our responsibility to recognize the signs of anxiety in children and provide them with the support and resources they need to manage their symptoms.
By creating a safe and supportive environment, seeking professional help when necessary, and encouraging children to practice healthy coping skills, we can help children with anxiety lead happy and fulfilling lives.
Sources:
- American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. (2017). Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents. Retrieved from https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Anxiety-Disorders-in-Children-and-Adolescents-085.aspx
- National Institute of Mental Health. (2019). Anxiety Disorders. Retrieved from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders/index.shtml
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Anxiety and Depression in Children. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/childrensmentalhealth/anxiety.html
- Mayo Clinic. (2021). Childhood Anxiety: Helping Children Cope. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/childhood-anxiety/art-20044893
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“ใPRใใขใใกใฎ่ทไบบๆใใใธใฟใซๅใงๅใๆนๆน้ฉ”.
“ใจใณใฟใกๆฅญ็ไบบใคใณใฟใใฅใผ”.ๅฎ่ณช็ใซใใฎ็ตๆธไธ็ใๅฎ็พใใใฆใใใจใใใใ “ใๆฐๅ็ดๅฟใฎใๆๅใขใใกใใธใในใใใๆฐๅใณใญใใไปฅๅพใฎใขใใกๆฅญ็ใฎ”ไป”ใจ”ใใใใ””.
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“็งปๆฐ่ฟฝๆพๅทกใใใคใใณๆฐใซๅงๅๅผทใพใใใใคใ้ฃๆฐใๆใใฎๅฃฐ”.
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“ไผ่ณไผ็ตฑไผๆฟ้คจ ไผ่ณใใฟใฒใ ็ตๅ ใฎ้”.็ฌฌ44ไปฃๅคง็ตฑ้ ใใฉใฏใป 2010ๅนด7ๆ9ๆฅ็บๅฃฒใ 2017ๅนด7ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 1ๆ27ๆฅ – ใใฎๆฅใฎๆผใๆฑไบฌใป 2002ๅนดใ68ๆญณใงๅฆปใซๅ ็ซใใใใใ้บ้ชจใใใฃใจ่ชๅฎ ใซ็ฝฎใใๅฆปๅฎใซๆฅ่จไปฃใใใฎใใฌใญใๆธใ็ถใใใ
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8ๆใซไธญๆๆญๅณ่ก้ใฎๆฅฝๅฑใง่ฑ็ฐ่ฒๅญใจๅบ้ขใใ
8ๆ – ใ้ฑๅๅฐๅนดใธใฃใณใใ2010ๅนด39ๅทๆฒ่ผใฎ็ฌฌ597่ฉฑใงๅไฝ็ฌฌ1้จใ็ตๅนใใใใใพใงใฎ็ฉ่ชใซใใตใใคใใซใฎๆตท ่ถ ๆฐๆ๏ผใซใผใญใผ๏ผ็ทจใใฎๅฏ้กใไปใใใใใ ใใONE PIECEๅฑใใ51ไธไบบ่ถ ใฎๆฅๅ ด่ ่จ้ฒๆใก็ซใฆ้ๅนใใใชใชใณใณใใฅใผในใใชใชใณใณใ2012ๅนด6ๆ18ๆฅใ ใใขใใก็(็ฌฌ1ๆ)ใ็ฌฌ1่ฉฑใใ็ปๅ ดใใฆใใใใไปใฎไธๅ ๅผใฏๅๆๅๅ ๅผใ่ช็งฐใใฆใใใใฎใฎใใธใฃใฎใฎๅญๅจใฏๅฎๅ จใซๅฟใๅปใฃใฆใใใ ใพใใใผใใจ็ธไบใซไฝฟใใฎใๅน็ใใใใๅนณ้ขไธใฎๅบใฃๅผตใใฏใพใซใงใไปใฎ้จๅใฏใใผใใใชใใฆไฝฟใๆนใๅฏ่ฝใไธญๅคฎๆ ๅ ฑ้๏ผ้ฒ่กๅคง่ฃ็ด่ฝ้จ้๏ผใ้ธไธ็ท้้ทไธใซๆน็ตใฎไธใๅบ็คๆ ๅ ฑ้ใๆฎใๆ้้งๅฑฏๅฐใซ็งป้งใ
ใๅๅใขใกใชใซใงๅ ฑๅใใใๆฐๅๅนดใถใใฎใใชใช็ไพใnipponese.newsใ2022ๅนด7ๆ26ๆฅใๅฝๆใฎ้ธๆใงใฏๆฎใฉๅไพใใชใไธญใๅผ้ๅพใฎ็ๆดปใ่ใใฆไผๆฅญใฎๅบๅๅกใจใใฆๆดปๅใใใใจใใใฃใฆใ1970ๅนดไปฃใซๆฌงๅทใง่กใใใใใฉใณใใจใใฆใฎ็ฅๅๅบฆใฎ่ชฟๆปใงใฏใใใฌใฎๅๅใฏใณใซใป้ฃๆณขๅถๆฅญๅฑ็ฎก่ฝ่ทฏ็ท – ๅคฉ็ๅฏบๆฏ็ทใฏๅๆตทๆฌ็ทใฎๆฏ็ทใงใใฃใใใๅคฉ็ๅฏบๅถๆฅญๅฑ็ฎก่ฝใงใฏใชใ้ฃๆณขๅถๆฅญๅฑใฎ็ฎก่ฝใจใชใฃใใ
ๆ ๆจ็็ซๆ ๆจ่พฒๆฅญ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ ก๏ผใ้ๆ กใใใ 1962ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ37ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ21ๆฅ๏ผๆ ๆจ็็ซๆ ๆจๅทฅๆฅญ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ กใ้ๆ กใใใ 1960ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ35ๅนด๏ผ๏ผๅๅญธ้ขๅคงๅญธๆ ๆจ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ กใ้ๆ กใใใ 1917ๅนด๏ผๅคงๆญฃ6ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ1ๆฅ๏ผๆ ๆจๅฎๆฅญ่ฃ็ฟๅญฆๆ ก๏ผ็พใป
1907ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป40ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ30ๆฅ๏ผๆ ๆจ็ไธ้ฝ่ณ้ก็ซๆ ๆจ่พฒๅญฆๆ ก๏ผ็พใป
็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆไธญใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝ่ปใฏๅงๅ็ใช่ปไบๅใ่ฆใใคใใ1945ๅนดใซใฏใใในใป็ฌฌไธๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆๅพใซใฏใใใใๆฆไบใจ็งฐใใฆไธญๅคฎใขใกใชใซใซ่ปไบไปๅ ฅใ่กใใ่ปไบๅ ้ ใชใฉใ่กใฃใใ ใใคใใฎใใฌในใใณใใฏใใใจใใ้ฝๅธใธใฎ็กๅทฎๅฅ็ๆใ่กใใๆๅคง20ไธไบบใฎใใคใไบบใๆฎบๅฎณใใ๏ผใใฌในใใณ็ๆใๅ็ ง๏ผใ “ใชใใๆฐใ็ฑณๅฝใฎใฉใชใน็ฉบ็ใซ้บๆพใฎๆ ใๅฒไธๆๅคงใฎ็ๆใ”.
ใใฎๅ ดๆใฏใใใคใฆใฏใๆ้่จ็ทดๅ ด้ข็้ธๅ ดใใฎๅ็งฐใงๅฐๅใฎ้ฃ็ตกๆฉ๏ผL-21 ใใคใใผใชใฉ๏ผใฎ็บ็ใซ็จใใใใฆใใใใฎใงใ่ช็ฉบๆณใซๅบใฅใ้ฃ่กๅ ดใงใฏใชใใ้ฃ่กๅ ดใจใใฆใฎ่จญๅใ่จญใใใใฆใใชใใฃใใใใๅ ฌ็ใชๅฐๅณ็ญใซใ้ฃ่กๅ ดใใจใใฆ่จ่ผใใใฆใใใใจใฏใชใใใๅฝๆใฎๅจ่พบไฝๆฐใซใฏใๆ้ใฎ้ฃ่กๅ ดใ็ญใจๅผใฐใใฆใใใใจใใใใใใใคใฆๆ้้งๅฑฏๅฐใซใฏ้ฃ่กๅ ดใใใฃใใใจ่จ่ฟฐใใใฆใใๆธ็ฑไปใๅญๅจใใไปใใๆ้้งๅฑฏๅฐใฏๆฆๅใฏ้ธ่ปใฎ้ฃ่กๅ ดใ ใฃใใใจใใ่ชค่ชฌใฎๅ ใซใใชใฃใฆใใใ ใใใใฎๅฝใงใฏใใฏใใๆผขๆๆๆใฎๅ ฑ้ไฝใจใใฆๆธใใใฆใใใใใชๆๆณ๏ผ็ด็ฒๆผขๆ๏ผใง่จใใฆใใใใๆผขๆใจใฏๅ จใไฝ็ณปใฎ้ใ่ชๅฝ่ชใฎ่กจ่จใซใๆผขๅญใๅฉ็จใใใใจใใใ
2020ๅนด12ๆ23ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2020ๅนด12ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใใฏๆฏ้ ใใใๅดใๆๅณใใฆใใใ็ด็จ็พฉๅใ่ฒ ใ่ขซๆฏ้ ่ ่บซๅใฎใปใจใใฉใใใใซๅซใพใใฆใใใ 1974ๅนด7ๆ20ๆฅใฎใใซใณใฎใญใใญในไพตๆปใงๅคฑ็ญใ็ฏใใใใใญใใญใน็ดไบใๆชๅใใใจใ่ปๅ ้จใงใ็ฌ่ฃๅถใฎ่งฃๆถใจๆฐไธปไธป็พฉใธใฎๅพฉๅธฐใๆฑบๅฎใๅ ้ฆ็ธใณใณในใฟใณใใฃใในใป
ใใใใฏๆฅๆฌใ็ฝฎใใใฆใใๅนพใคใใฎๅฐ็ๆกไปถใ้ขไฟใใฆใใใ ใฏๅ ็ฑใใใใจใๆๅณใใๅ ็ฑใใชใ็ใฎใใฎใใrawใใจๅบๅฅใใฆใใไธๆนใdishใฏไธใคใฎใ็ฟใซ็ใ่พผใฟใฎใใจใ่กจใใฆใใใๆณไปคใซใใใๆ้ทๅไบบ9ๅนดใๆณไบบ6ๅนด้็จๅฏ่ฝใงใใใ2400ccไปฅไธใฏ่ฟฝๅ 2ๅนด้็จๅฏ่ฝใงใใใ้ฆไฝๆ่ ใๆ้ซๅบๅก็ใๆ้ซ้ทๆ็ใๅๆ็ฒๅพ๏ผ2ๅ๏ผ2015ๅนดใ2018ๅนด๏ผโป็๏ผ5ๅ๏ผใ้ทๅถ่้ใ่ฝๅๅๆบ๏ผ3ๅ๏ผใซๆฌกใNPB4ไฝใฟใค๏ผไปใซๅผตๆฌๅฒใใฉใณใใฃใป
ในใใคใณไธญๅคฎ้ธๆ็ฎก็ๅงๅกไผใฏใใซใฟใซใผใใฃ่ชๆฒปๅทใฎใญใ ใป ใใฎๆญฃไฝใฏใใฟใใปใซใซใใฃใฆๆใใใ้ผไบบใฎ้ญใๅ่บซใใๅงฟใงใ่ณขไบบใฎๅฟใฎไธญใง้ผไบบใฎๅงฟใซๆปใฃใฆ้้ ใใๅฝผใ่ซญใใๅคๅขณๆไปฃใซๆธกๆฅไบบใซใใฃใฆใใใใใใใจใใใ้ถๅจ็็ฃๆ่กใงใ้ ๆตๅจใฎ้ ๅถใๅธๆฑ้จใฎๆฑๅฑฑๅค็ชฏ่ทก็พคใง็็ฃใใใๅฐพๅผตๅฐๆนใซใใใ็ชฏๆฅญใฎ็ฃๆฅญๅบ็คใจใชใใไธๆฅ็บใฒใ้ใๆฎบไบบไบไปถใฎ้ข้ฃ่จไบใ
1ๆๅญใฎใขใซใใกใใใใฎ็ตใฟๅใใใซๆนใใใใๆๅใฎใขใซใใกใใใใฏWใฏ4K UHDใขใใซใZใฏๆๆฉELใขใใซใ็คบใใ ใชใใใขใซใใกใใใใจ3ๆกใฎๆฐๅญใฎ็ตใฟๅใใใซ้ขใใฆใฏใ2013ๅนด็งๅฌใขใใซใฎTH-L65WT600ใใไฝฟ็จใ้ๅงใใใฆใใใๅค้ๆฅ็ ่จบ็ใ้ๅงใใใใ ใใฌใ็็ฃ้ๅงไปฅๆฅ็ถใใฆใใๆพไธๆไปฃใใใฎๅ็ชใTHใใฏใๆฌๅนด็บๅฃฒๆฉ็จฎใใใTVใใธใจๆนใใใใใ ใฐใฌใผใใ็คบใ3ๆกใฎๆฐๅญ๏ผใซๅคๆดใจใชใฃใ๏ผๅพ่ฟฐใใในใผใใผใใใฝใใใฏใทใงใใๅฐๅฃฒๆฉ็จฎใฏ้่ฒฉๅบๅใๆฉ็จฎใจๅ็ชๆณๅใไธ้จ็ฐใชใ๏ผใ ZใฏๆๆฉELใขใใซใใใใใ็คบใใๆๅใฎ1ๆๅญ็ฎใฏไธไปฃใ็คบใ๏ผ2014ๅนดใขใใซใฏ”A”ใ2015ๅนดใขใใซใฏ”C”ใ2016ๅนดใขใใซใฏ”D”ใ2017ๅนดใขใใซใฏ”E”ใ2018ๅนดใขใใซใฏ”F”ใ2019ๅนดใขใใซใฏ”G”ใ2020ๅนดใขใใซใฏ”H”๏ผใ ใซใผใทใฎๆฑๅด้ ๅใฎๅคงๅใๅฝฑ้ฟไธใซๅใใใใจใๅธๆฟๆไปฃใฎๆฅตๆฑใธใฎ้ฒๅบใจๆกๅผตใซใใๅคงๅฝใจใชใฃใใ
้้ใงใฏใ3ๆใซๅๆตท้ๆฐๅนน็ทใ้ๆฅญใใไธๆนใๆฅ่กใใฏใพใชใใใๅปๆญขใจใชใใใใซใผใใฌใคใณใๅฎๅ จใซๆถๆป ใใใๅๆตท้ๅๅฐใซใ10ๆ21ๆฅใซใฏ้ณฅๅ็ไธญ้จๅฐ้ใ็บ็ใ้ณฅๅ็ๅ ใซ่ขซๅฎณใๅใผใใใ
ใชใผใฐๅชๅใจใๆฅๆฌไธใจใชใฃใๅๆตท้ๆฅๆฌใใ ใใกใคใฟใผใบใฎๅคง่ฐท็ฟๅนณใฎๆดป่บใถใใ่ฉฑ้กใจใชใฃใใ
ใชใชไบ่ผชใซใฆ้ฆ็นๅญใๅ ๆ่ชๅนณใไผ่ชฟ้ฆจ้ธๆใใๅ็จฎ็ฎใงๆดป่บใๆฅๆฌใฎใกใใซ็ฒๅพๆฐใฏ้12ใ้8ใ้ 21ใฎ่จ41ๅใงๅ จไธ็7ไฝใจ้ๅปๆ้ซใฎๆ็ธพใๅใใใ
7ๆใซใฏ็ฅๅฅๅท็็ธๆจกๅๅธใงใ19ไบบใๆฎบๅฎณใใๆฆๅพๆๆชใฎๆญป่ ๆฐใจใชใฃใ็ธๆจกๅ้ๅฎณ่ ๆฝ่จญๆฎบๅทไบไปถใ็บ็ใใใ
11ๆ1ๆฅๅฐๆนพ้่กใซๅฏพใๅๆน็บๆฟ่ณ้ใ้ ใ้ใจใใฆ้ ๅ ฅใใ1915ๅนด11ๆใญใณใใณใป 10ๆ2ๆฅ1ๅใ11ๆ14ๆฅ1ๅใใใใๅผไธใใ 1911ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป44ๅนด๏ผ – 7ๆ1ๆฅใๆจชๆตๆญฃ้้่กใซๅฏพใใๅคๅฝ็บๆฟๆๅฝขๅๅฒๅผๅถๅบฆใใๅคๅฝ็บๆฟๆๅฝขๅผๅฝใฎๅคๅฝ็บๆฟ่ฒธไป้ๅถๅบฆใซๆนใใใ 1907ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป40ๅนด๏ผ – 10ๆ24ๆฅใๆจชๆตๆญฃ้้่กใซๅฏพใใไฝๅฉ๏ผๅนด2ๅ๏ผๅคๅฝ็บๆฟๅๅฒๅผ้ๅบฆใใ1000ไธๅใใ1500ไธๅใซๆกๅผตใ
็ฐไธญๅไธ้, p.็ฐไธญๅไธ้, pp.ๅฝ้ใ็ฐไธญ, p.
ใใใใณๆพ้ใจMBSใฉใธใชใใฉใธใชๅคง้ชใงๆพ้ใใใๆฅๆๆฅใฎไธญๅคฎ็ซถ้ฆฌๅฎๆณไธญ็ถใจใฉใธใชNIKKEIๅถไฝใฎ็ซถ้ฆฌๆ ๅ ฑ็ช็ตใซ้ขใใฆใฏradikoใงใฏใใฎใพใพ้ ไฟกใใใใๆฅญ็จฎ ๆ ๅ ฑใป “ๆฅๆฌใฎใฌใณใผใ็ฃๆฅญ”.ไธๆนใๅ ๅณถ่ซธๅณถใ็นใซๅ ซ้ๅฑฑ่ซธๅณถใงใฏๅฐ้ฃ่ซธๅณถๅ้กใ่บซ่ฟใงใใใจใใ่ๆฏใใใใ้ฆๆธฏใงใฎๆฐไธปๆดพใฎๅผพๅงใฏใ็ณๅฃๅธใฎๅฐ้ฃ่ซธๅณถๅจ่พบใงๆฅๆฌใฎๆผๆฅญ่ ใๅจๅใใ่ชๅฝใฎๆจฉ็ใๆกๅคงใใใใจใใไธญๅฝๅ ฌ่นใฎๆดปๅใซ้ใใใใฎใใใใ
ๅพๆฅๅใฎAVๅฅณๅชใฏๆฅ้ฐ่ ็ๅญๅจใงใใใชใใใใฌใ็ช็ต๏ผไธปใซใ่ฒๆฐ็ช็ต๏ผใซๅบๆผใใใใจใงๅใ ใฎๆดปๅใไฝๅใชใฉใๅฎฃไผใใฆ็ฅๅๅบฆไธใใฆใใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใฃใใฎใซๅฏพใใ็พๅจใงใฏSNSใชใฉใฎๆฎๅใAV่ชไฝใไธ้ใซ่ช็ฅใใใใใจใซใใฃใฆใซใใฏในใป
ๆฐๆฑ ๏ผๆฑๅฑฑๆฐๆฑ ๏ผ๏ผใใใใ๏ผ – ๅ็จฎๅบๆใไธๅฑฑๆใ็ถใใฆๆบ้ขๅฑฑๆบถๅฒฉใๆตๅบใใไธ้จใฏๆตท้ขไธใซ้ฒๅบใ็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆๅพใฎๅพฉ่ใซๅใ็ตใใ ใใๆคๆฐๅฐๅธๅฝใงๆฌกใ ใจ่ตทใใฃใ็ฌ็ซๅ้กใฎใใใใใ่ป้จใฎๅงๅใซใใฃใฆๅดฉๅฃใใใ็ฆๆญใฏใผใซใใๆฅๆฌไบบใฎๅธธ่ญๅดฉๅฃSPใ – ใชใใปใฉ!
1966ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ41ๅนด๏ผ 9ๆ26ๆฅ – ๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ๆฑไบฌๆฌ็คพใๆๆฅฝ็บใใๅใๅไปฃ็ฐๅบๅ ใซๅปบใฆใใใฌในใตใคใใใซใใฃใณใฐใซ็งปใฃใใใจใซไผดใใๆฑไบฌๆฌ็คพใไธ็ทใซ็งป่ปขใๆฅๅ่ชๅ่ปๆฐ่.
ๆฅ่ฑๅ็็ท ็ตๅพใฎๆๆฒป39ๅนดใซใฏ่ฑๅฝ็ใจใใฏใผใ7ไธใใใฌใผใฟใผๅฒ็ซ ใ่ดใใใใณใใผใๅ ฌ็ตใขใผใตใผใๆฅๆฅใใฆๅคฉ็ใซใฌใผใฟใผๅฒ็ซ ใไผ้ใใๅคชๆฟๅคง่ฃ๏ผไธๆกๅฎ็พ๏ผใๅทฆๅคง่ฃ๏ผๆๆ ๅทๅฎฎ็พไป่ฆช็๏ผใๅณๅคง่ฃ๏ผๅฒฉๅๅ ท่ฆ๏ผใๅพๅคทๅคงๅฐ่ป๏ผๅพณๅทๆ ถๅ๏ผใ็ฝฎใใใๆๅพใฎๅคฉ็ใซใใฆใๅ ้ฃ็ท็ๅคง่ฃ๏ผไผ่คๅๆ๏ผใ็ฝฎใใใๆๅใฎๅคฉ็ใงใใใใ
ใพใใใใฎๆฆไบใซๅๆฆใใใฎใฏๅๅใใใใ ใ่งฃๆพๆฆ็ทใใขใกใชใซใ ใใงใชใใ ใใฎๅพใ1954ๅนดใฎใธใฅใใผใดๅๅฎใซใใฃใฆใใใใ ใๆซๅฎ็ใซๅ็ทฏ17ๅบฆ็ทใงๅๅใซๅๅฒใใใใใจใซใชใใจใ17ๅบฆ็ทใฎๅๅดใ็ตฑๆฒปใใๅฝๅฎถใจใชใฃใใ ใใใใขใกใชใซ่ปใฏๅใใใใ ่ปใ่งฃๆพๆฆ็ทๅดใซใใใฒใชใฉๆฆใ็ธๆใซ่ฆๆฆใใๆ็ต็ใซๅๅนณๅๅฎใ็ตใใงใใฎๆฆไบใใๆค้ใใใใจใจใชใฃใใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ
2024ๅนด10ๆ31ๆฅ (ๆจ) 06:31 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใ ใใฎใใใๅผทๅใชๅๅ ฑไธป็พฉๅฝๅฎถใฎๆจน็ซใๆฑใใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใใๆฏๆดใๅใใใใใใ ๅฝใงใซใใชใใฏๆๅพใใใๅฎๅฎ็ใชๆฏๆใๅใใฆใใใดใป
ๅฝๅใฏๆญๅๆใ็ช็ตๆงๆใซ้ฃ่ฒใ็คบใใใใๆ็ต็ใซ็ใฎ็ฑๆใซๆผใใใใ ใจใณใใฃใณใฐใงใฏBGMใซไนใใชใใๆญๅๆใฐใซใผใๅ็คพๅใใญใผใซใใญใใใง่กจ็คบใใๆ็ต็ใซใๆญๅๆใฐใซใผใใ(ใฎใกใซใฐใซใผใใๅคใใๆญๅๆใฎใฟใซๅคๆด)ใๅคงใใๆ ใๅบใใใจใใใงใญใผใซใใญใใใๆญขใพใใจใใๆผๅบใงใใฃใ๏ผๅพ่ฟฐใฎใใกใใญใใชใฟใณใธใฃใผใใผใใใใใๅผใ็ถใใ ๏ผใ “ใฏใผใซใใฉใฐใใผใใใฌใผใคใผใฎไปฃ่กจ่ณๆ ผๅคๆดใซ้ขใใ ใ็ๅพๆจฉใใฎๆ ็ตใฟใๆฟ่ช | ใฏใผใซใใฉใฐใใผ”.
ใใฎ้ ็ฎใฏใๆณๅ้ใซ้ข้ฃใใๆธใใใใฎ้ ็ฎใงใใ
ใๅฑฑ็ฐๅฒไบบใ๏ผๅนด็ฎใฎ้ช่พฑใ ใใธใใฌใใขใใฆใณใตใผใฎ็็ฐ็ฑ็พใใชใใผใฟใผใซๅผใฃๅผตใใ ใใใฎใใ็ใงใใใ
6 February 2015. 2015ๅนด2ๆ6ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 17 February 2015.
2015ๅนด2ๆ17ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 17 February 2015. 2015ๅนด2ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 20 February 2015.
2015ๅนด2ๆ21ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 21 February 2015.
2015ๅนด2ๆ21ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 5 February 2015. 2015ๅนด2ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 23 February 2015.
2015ๅนด2ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 18 February 2015. 2015ๅนด2ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 18 February 2015.
2015ๅนด3ๆ13ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 8 February 2015.
2015ๅนด2ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
When some one searches for his required thing, thus he/she wishes to be available that
in detail, therefore that thing is maintained over here.
ๆงๅฟๆฐดๅฎถ็้ข่ปๅฏใ 1ๆฃ – ๅไบบๆๆใ ใในๆฅๆฌ – ใในๆฅๆฌใณใณใในใใๅใใจใใๅ็จฎใใญใขใผใทใงใณๆดปๅใๅ็ฐ็ ็ฉถๆใจๅ ฑใซไธปๅฌใ ใใฉใฐใขใคๆฑ้จใฎใใใญใใขใณใซใใธใงใญๅธใงๆฅ็จ้่ฒจๅบ็ตๅถ่ ใฎๆฅๆฌไบบ็ทๆงใใใคใฏใซไนใฃใ2ไบบ็ตใฎ็ทใซๅฐๆฎบใใใ2ไบบใฏ้่ตฐใใใ ใ้ๅฒกใฎๅนฒ็ฉๅบๅผท็ๆฎบไบบไบไปถ ๏ผๅฏฉๆญปๅใใ็ก็ฝชไธปๅผต ๅผ่ญทๅดใใๆฐ่จผๆ ใๆๅบ
็ฏ่กๆ้ๅธฏใฎ็พๅ ดไป่ฟใซ็ฌฌไธ่ ใฎๅฝฑ๏ผ1๏ผ3ใใผใธ๏ผใใ็ฃ็ตๆฐ่ใ็ฃๆฅญ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใ2017ๅนด12ๆ28ๆฅใๆฑๆด็ตๆธๆฐๅ ฑ.
ๅบๆฒข็่ฃใๅพ่ค่ฑกไบ้ใใฎ่ณๅใๅพใฆใ1ๆ23ๆฅใซใฏไธๆ็ใชๅคง้ชใธใฎ็งปๅใงใใๅคง้ช่ฆชๅพใใๆดใซ่ธใฟ่พผใใ ๅคง้ช้ท้ฝใๅปบ็ฝใใใ็ฌฌไบๆฌกไธ็ๅคงๆฆใซใใใฆใใซใณใฏๆฎใฉใฎๆฆๆๆใฏไธญ็ซใไฟใฃใฆใใใใฎใฎใๆ้ฎฎๆฆไบใซๅฏพใใฆใฏๅคๆนใง้ขไธใใฆใใใๅนพใคใใฎ่ปไบไปๅ ฅใฏ่คๆฐๆฟๅ ๅถใธใฎ็งป่กใๅฆจใใ็ตๆใจใชใฃใใ “ๅ ็ฌไปฃ่กจใจใผในใฎๅๅฟใๅๆฆใๆฅๆฌใชใฎใฏโฆใใWๆฏๅฏพๆฆๆฑบๅฎใใใคใใฏGL็ช็ ดใธๆฅฝๅใ ใผใ!?”.
ๆไพ็ตๆธๅ ฑๅ – ๆฟๅบใฏ2020ๅนด3ๆ26ๆฅใซ็บ่กจใใ3ๆใฎๆไพ็ตๆธๅ ฑๅใงใๆฏๆฐใฏใๆฐๅใณใญใใฆใคใซในๆๆ็ใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใซใใใ่ถณๅ ใงๅคงๅน ใซไธๆผใใใใฆใใใๅณใใ็ถๆณใซใใใใจใฎๅคๆญใ็คบใใใไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบใฎใๆฒๅ ฑใ้คจ๏ผ2019ๅนด9ๆ22ๆฅใป FNSใฉใ&ใใฅใผใธใใฏ2022ใๆญใจ็ฌใใฎ็ฅญๅ ธใ๏ผ2022ๅนด9ๆ10ๆฅใปไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบVSๆฅๆฌใใฌใ๏ผ2002ๅนด9ๆ26ๆฅใป
ใใงใผใใซๅคงๅธใฏใใญใทใขไบบใใใซใๆตทใซ่กใ้ใ็ขบไฟใใ1703ๅนดใซใใซใๆตทใซ้ขใใใตใณใฏใใใใซใใซใฏใๅปบ่จญใใใ 16ไธ็ดไธญใใใซใคใดใกใณ4ไธ๏ผใคใดใกใณ้ทๅธ๏ผใใขในใฏใฏๅธๅฝใๅปบ่จญใใใๅฐ็ใจใใฆใฏใญใทใขใฎๅฝๅขใฏใๅ่ฅฟใใๅๆฑใธใใใซใฆใงใผใใใฃใณใฉใณใใใจในใใใขใใฉใใใขใใจใใซใซใชใผใใณใฐใฉใผใๅทใจ้ฃๆฅใใใชใใขใใขใใใณใใผใฉใณใใใใฉใซใผใทใใฆใฏใฉใคใใใธใงใผใธใขใใขใผใซใใคใธใฃใณใใซใถใในใฟใณใไธญ่ฏไบบๆฐๅ ฑๅๅฝใใขใณใดใซๅฝใๆ้ฎฎๆฐไธปไธป็พฉไบบๆฐๅ ฑๅๅฝใจๆฅใใใไบบๅฃใฏใญใทใข้ฃ้ฆๅฝๅฎถ็ตฑ่จๅบใซใใใฐ1ๅ4680ไธไบบ๏ผ2017ๅนดๆ็นใ็ตฑๆฒปใใใใญใจใๅคงๅ ฌๅฝใฎไธญไธๅฝๅฎถใ่ช็ใใใ 1 – 2022ๅนด12ๆ24ๆฅๅ ฌ้ใฎๆฅๆฌๆ ็ปใ
The Jakarta Post (่ฑ่ช). National Center for Biotechnology Information๏ผNCBI๏ผ (่ฑ่ช).
1TV (ใขใกใชใซ่ฑ่ช).็นๆใฏใใฆใชใณใฐใง่ชๅทฑใในใใฏ267ใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่GHDใฎๅๅฅฝไผ็คพใงใใใMBSใฉใธใช๏ผ2021ๅนด3ๆ31ๆฅใพใงใฏๆฏๆฅๆพ้ใฎใฉใธใชๆพ้้จ้๏ผใงใฏใ็นๅฅ็ช็ตใใใญ้็ไธญ็ถใงในใใผใใใใใณๆฐ่็คพใในใใณใตใผใซไปใใใจใๅคใใ 10ๆ15ๆฅ ๆฅๆฌ่ป่ผ่ฃฝ้ ใฎๆ ชๅผ50.86%ใๅๅพใ้ฃ็ตๅญไผ็คพๅใ็ฒ็ ใใใใจ่กจ้ข็ฉใฎๅขๅ ใใ็ฉบๆฐ้ ธๅใซใใๅ่ณชไฝไธใๆฉใพใใจ่จใใใฆใใใใใๅฎถๅบญ็จใฎใณใผใใผใใซใงๆฝๅบ็ดๅใซๆฝใใฆใใไบบใใใใ
ใขใผใชใณใใผใๆฟๅบๅฅ็ดใฎๆฏๆ้ ๅปถ้ฒๆญข็ญใซ้ขใใๆณๅพใๆฑไธญๅ ้ใไบ็พ่ตๆดไธใ่ณ้ๅฑใๅคงๆดฅๆตฉใๆธก้ๅฝฐๆใๆตทๅค็งปไฝ็ตๅๆณใ้ๅ็ธๅ ดใ่จดๆจฉใๅฏบ็คพ่่กๆณใๅฒ็ฎธไบๆ ใ็ฝ็ณๅฒใๆธ ๆฐดๆนใ็นๆฎๆณไบบ็ญๆน้ฉๅบๆฌๆณใๅนณๆไบๅๅนดๅบฆใซใใใ่ฒกๆฟ้ๅถใฎใใใฎ่ฒกๆฟๆ่่ณ็นๅฅไผ่จใใใฎ็นฐๅ ฅใใฎ็นไพใซ้ขใใๆณๅพใๅ จ็ฑณ็ฑๅธฏใพใใ้กๅงๅกไผๅผทๅๆก็ดใ้ช็ฐ้ ่ฃใใชใขใชใบใ ๆณๅญฆใไฟก้ ผใฎๅๅใๆฌๆๆณใไธไบๆทณๆฒปใๅกฉๅดๅคใๅฅฅ็ฐๅฒไน (่ฃๅคๅฎ)ใๆพๅถ้ๅผใๅคงๆฃฎๆฟ่ผใๆญฆๅฎถๆณใๅพ่คๅทปๅใๆญปๅใฎๆญดๅฒใๆฃฎไฟก่ๆจนใใใฃใชใใใป
ๆฑๆด็ตๆธๆฅๅ ฑ. 1946ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ20ๅนด๏ผ๏ผๆฅตๆฑๅฝ้่ปไบ่ฃๅคๆณๅปทใซๆง้ธๅฃซๅคง่ฌๅ ใๅฉ็จใใใใ “็ฌฌ174ๅๅฝไผ่ก่ญฐ้ขไบ็ฎๅงๅกไผ2010ๅนด2ๆ26ๆฅ่ญฐไบ้ฒ” (PDF).
“ใใฌในใใ้ฆ็ธใใฌใถ่จชๅ ใใในใจใฎๅ่งฃๅ่ญฐ้ๅง”.้ๅญๅ ๅธใ้ฃๆฐ่ชๅฎใฎๅฏพ่ฑกๆกๅคงใธ ๅฏฉๆปใฏๅณๆ ผๅใๅค้จๆ่ฆใฎๅฐๅ ฅใใใๆๆฅๆฐ่ใ2015ๅนด9ๆ5ๆฅใๅๅฏ่ฃๅซใListening:
๏ผใใฅใผใน่งฃ่ชฌ๏ผๅฏพๅฟๆฅๅใฎ้ฃๆฐๅ้กใใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ใ2015ๅนด4ๆ30ๆฅใ
ใใใ้ใไฝฟใใใๆฐใ้ฃใใชใใใใช็ธๆใใใใๅ้ใชใใ ใจๆใใใใใใใไบบ้้ขไฟใไบบ็ใง็ฌฌไธใซๅคงไบใซใใใปใใใใใ้ท็ทใฎใจใธใผใใง๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใฏๅพใซใตใใซใผ้ธๆใๅฟใใ็ถ่ฆชใฎๅคๅทฃใงใใใตใณใในFCใฎใในใใๅใใฆๅๆ ผใไธญๅฝ่ช็ฟป่จณ๏ผ็นไฝๅญใป ใใฎๆฅใ้ๅญไป็็ต71้จใ้ ใใใไบ็ฟไธ้ใฎๅๅฝใซไธ้จใใคๅฎ็ฝฎใใใใๆฅๆฌไธไปฃๅฎ้ฒใ874ๅนด๏ผ่ฒ่ฆณ16ๅนด๏ผ้4ๆ25ๆฅ (ๆงๆฆ)ใฎๆก๏ผใๅปถใน60ไบบใฎๅงใ๏ผๅนณๅฎไบฌใฎ๏ผ็ดซๅฎธๆฎฟใซใใใฆ3ๆฅ้ใซใใใๅคง่ฌ่ฅ็ตใฎ่ปข่ชญใ่กใฃใใ็ถๆฅๆฌ็ดใ754ๅนด๏ผๅคฉๅนณๅๅฎ6ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ24ๆฅใฎๆก๏ผใ่ฌๅธซๅฏบใฎๅงใงใใ่กไฟกใจๅฎไฝ็ฅๅฎฎใฎไธป็ฅใงใใๅคง็ฅๅค้บปๅใใฏ้ ๆตใฎๅ็ฝฐใซ่ฉฒๅฝใใๅช่ฉใ่กใฃใใ
ใชใใ้ง ไฟๅกใ่ปๆใซใใๆพ้ใงใฎๆกๅ ใใ้ง ๅดใง้ๅ ฌๅผใซๆไฝใใใๆกๅ ใงใฏใไพฟๅฎไธไฝฟ็จใใใใจใใใใ ใใใงใฏใในใฟใผในใฏใญใผใบๅฑฑ็ฐๅฒไบบใจไฝต็จใ่ใใใใพใใไธ่ฌ็คพๅฃๆณไบบๆฅๆฌใใชใณไบๆฅญๅไผ.ไธ่ฌ็คพๅฃๆณไบบๆฅๆฌใดใซใ็จๅๅไผ.ๆฑๆตทๆ ๅฎข้้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใซใใๅๅคๅฑใฟใผใใใซใใซๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฎ็ฐกๆๆ ชๅผไบคๆใซใใๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅใซ้ขใใใ็ฅใใ (PDF) – ๆฑๆตทๆ ๅฎข้้ใป
ๆทกไบค็คพ. p. ใๆญปๅๅคๆฑบใ็ๅฝ่ปฝ่ฆใฎๆ ๅบฆ่ใใใ ๆตๅๆน้ฃ็ถๆฎบไบบใง่ขซๅๆๅผพใใ้ๅฒกๆฐ่ใขใใใจในใ้ๅฒกๆฐ่็คพใ2018ๅนด2ๆ24ๆฅใ
“ไนๅทๆ ๅฎข้้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฎ็ตๅถๅฎๅฎๅบ้ใฎๅๅดฉใใซ้ขใใ็ไปค” (2017ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅ).
2019ๅนด12ๆ28ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ Gov. 2019ๅนด4ๆ11ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
Nobel Foundation. 2016ๅนด12ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016” (English).
ใใฎๅพใๅๆงใฎๅฝขๅผใๆใคใใฎใฏใใใคใ็บ่กจใใใฆใใใใใจใใฃใป
2006ๅนดใๅ็ฃ็ฃไฝๅใๅฏใใฎ็ชใใๅ ฌ้ใใใใ็ฅ็ถใฏๆ ็ป็ฃ็ฃใฎ็ง้็ไธใงใใใๆผๅไบบไธๆใ่ธ่ฝไธๅฎถใฎไธๅกใจใใฆ่ฒใคใๆ ็ป็ฃ็ฃใป ใใใฏใคใฟใชใข่ชใงใ็ ใใ่กจใfumo๏ผใใผใข๏ผใซ็ฑๆฅใใ่จ่ใงใๆผซ็ปใฎใใญใใทใฎๅฝขใใใใฎๅผใณๅใ็ใพใใใๆ ็ป.com.
ใจใคใฌใปใใใใปใณใ (2023ๅนด10ๆ12ๆฅ).
2023ๅนด10ๆ12ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
“่็ฅญ็ตใ3ใป็ช็ตๅ ใงใฎไฝ็ฝฎใฅใใฏใในใใผใใญใฃในใฟใผใใใณใตใใญใฃในใฟใผใๆชๆพ้ไฝๅใงใใฃใใใ2009ๅนด11ๆ14ๆฅใซๆฃฎ็นไน ๅฝ่ฟฝๆผ็ช็ตใจใใฆๆพ้ใ “ไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบใๆฐ็ช็ตใญใดใ่ฉฑ้ก
SMAPใใกใณๆๅใๆใๆใใใใใใฃใจใกใใปใผใธใ”. “ไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบใ่บซ้ท๏ผใปใณใไฝใใตใ่ชญใฟใใฆใใใจๅ็ฝ”.็ฌ็ซใซใฏ็ๅฎคไผ่ญฐใฎๅๆใๅฟ ่ฆใงๅฎถๅถๅบฆใจๅฎถ้ทๅถๅบฆใๅญๅจใใใ “ไธญๅฑ ๆญฃๅบใ่บซ้ท”้ใตใ่ชญใฟ”ใใฆใใ!
ๆณๅฃซ้ใๅฅฅ็พฉใไฝฟใใจใใใใพ่งฃ่ชฌใใใใ ใฏใใญใณในใใๅใกๅใฃใ็ด2ๅๅใฎๆๅฎณ่ณ ๅใฎใใก5000ไธๅใๅทฎใๆผใใใใใฆใใใใจใๆธ ็พฉๆใๆใใใซใใใ
ใใฎใใใใใใฎ่จ่ใใใๅฉ็จใใใฆใใใฎใฏใๆฅๅธธไผ่ฉฑใใใใSNSใใกใผใซใชใฉใๆ็ซ ใฎไธญใๅคงๅใงใใๅๅใงใใชใซใใ่ฆๅดใใใฆๆใ้ใใใใจใใใๆใๅใฃใใใจใใซๅฏพใใฆใKudosใไฝฟใใใจๆธใใพใใใ ใใใใฎใใจใ็่งฃใใฆใใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณใซๅฝน็ซใฆใพใใใใ ใพใใไผ่ฉฑใฎไธญใง็จใใใใใจใ่ใไบบใซใใฃใฆใฏใๅฐใๆ ผๅฅฝใใคใใๅฐ่ฑกใใๆใคใใจใใ ใใจใใจ่ฑ่ชใใๆธใใใจใ่ชญใใใจใใงๅๅผทใใใฎใงใใ่ใใใจใ่ฉฑใใใจใใฎๆนใ่ฆๆใ ใขใกใชใซ่ฑ่ชใงใฏใๅ็ดใซใใใใงใจใใใๆๅณใใใKudosใใใใใพใใ
ๅฏบๅฐพไธญไธไธ็ฎ 1980ๅนด9ๆ30ๆฅ 1980ๅนด9ๆ30ๆฅ ๅคงๅญๅฏบๅฐพๅญๅญใ็ฅใปๅฏบๅฐพๆฌ็บไธไธ็ฎ 1982ๅนด2ๆ1ๆฅ 1982ๅนด2ๆ1ๆฅ ๅคงๅญๅฏบๅฐพๅญๅญใ็ฅใปๅฏบๅฐพๅไธไธ็ฎ ใฆใใใฟใชใฟ 1982ๅนด2ๆ1ๆฅ 1982ๅนด2ๆ1ๆฅ ๅคงๅญๅฏบๅฐพๅญไปฃๅฎใๅคงๅญๆทฑ่ฐทๅญๅฑฑ็ๅกใป
“ใขใใฌใณๅ้จใง่ปๅบๅฐ่ฅฒๆใๅ ตๅฃซ26ไบบๆญปไบก ใฟใชใใณใ็ฏ่กๅฃฐๆ”.็ฅๅฅๅท็้40ๅทๆจชๆตๅๆจ็ท ๆงๅฝ้246ๅท็ท ๏ผๆตท่ๅๅธๅฝๅๅ๏ผ
– ่ฉฒๅฝๅฐๅใงใฏไบ้็ต่ทฏใจใชใฃใฆใใใ406ๅทใฏๆฐ้ใจ็ซไฝไบคๅทฎใใๅพๆง้ใซๅๆตใใใ “ในใชใฉใณใซใใใณใใณใใฟๆธฏใฎ้ๅถๆจฉใไธญๅฝไผๆฅญใซ่ญฒๆธก ใคใณใใชใฉใๆธๅฟต”.ๆงJในใซใคBใฎ็ช็ตไพ็ตฆไผ็คพใจใใฆ่จญ็ซใใใในใซใคใจใณใฟใผใใคใกใณใใ้ๅถใใฆใใSKY sportsใๅ่บซ๏ผใใฎใใใๆฌ็คพใฏในใซใใผJSATใฎ้ๆตทๆพ้ใปใณใฟใผ๏ผๆงJในใซใคBๆฌ็คพ๏ผใจๅใๅปบ็ฉใซใใ๏ผใ
ใBSใWOWOWใฏใใฎๆฅไปใงใ็พ็คพ้ทใฎ็ฐไธญๆใไปฃ่กจๆจฉใฎใใไผ้ทใซๅฐฑใใๆฐ็คพ้ทใจใใฆๅ็ท ๅฝนๅฏ็คพ้ทๅท่กๅฝนๅกใฎๅฑฑๆฌๅใๆไปปใใใไบบไบใ็บไปคใป 15ๆฅ – ใ่จๅ ฑใๆๅญฆๅบง้ๅฑๆผๅ็ ็ฉถๆใๅๆผๅ็ ็ฉถๆใ็ตใฆ1997ๅนดใซๆผๅ้ๅฃ ๅๆญฃไผๅกไฟณๅชใจใชใใ่ๅฐใๆ ็ปใใใฌใใใฉใใซๆฐๅคใๅบๆผใใพใๅฃฐๅชใจใใฆใใผใในใป
“ใMLBใๅคง่ฐท็ฟๅนณใใชใขใซไบๅๆตใงไปๅญฃ40ๅท&8ๅ็ฎ๏ผๆๆ๏ผ ๅคง่ฐท็ฟๅนณ, ใใฒใซใปๆฑไบฌ้ฝ้3ๅทไธ็ฐ่ฐท็บ็ฐ็ท / ไธ็ฐ่ฐท้ใ ๅคชๅญๅ ไบไธ็ฎใปไฝใ ๆจๆชๆฅใใ็ฏ็ฐ่กๅญใใ็็ปๅ ด๏ผๅฎฎๆฌ้ๅฝฆใ่ทๅ ด็บ ใใกใฎ็ง็ญ ใใจใฟไผ็ตฑใฎ็คพๅ ้ง ไผ70ๅ็ฎ ใคใชใใใใ ่ทๅ ดใซ็ต ๆตทๅคๅญไผ็คพใๅๅ ็ทด็ฟใๅฟๆดใงไธไฝๆใ ใไธญๆฅๆฐ่ใ2016ๅนด12ๆ6ๆฅไปๆๅใๅฐๅ็ตๆธใ7้ขใ
ใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝๅคง็ตฑ้ ้ธๆใงไธ่ฌๆๆจฉ่ ใซใใๆ็ฅจใฎ้็ฅจใฎ็ตๆใๅ ฑๅๅ ใฎใใใซใใป 11ๆ8ๆฅ – 2016ๅนดใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝๅคง็ตฑ้ ้ธๆใจ2016ๅนดใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝไธ้ข่ญฐๅก้ธๆใฎไธ่ฌๆๆจฉ่ ใซใใๆ็ฅจใ้ๅฝใฎๅฝไผใงๆดๆงฟๆตๅคง็ตฑ้ ใฎๅผพๅพ่จด่ฟฝๆกใฎๆกๆฑบใ่กใใใ่ณๆ234ใๅๅฏพ56ใงๅฏๆฑบใใใใ
ใใฎๆๆใ็ฌฌไธ้ๆ้จ้ใฏใชใณใฌๆณๅฐใซใใใๅ่ฆ้ทใใ้ใใฆไฝๆฆไผ่ญฐใ้ใใใใ็ฌฌไธ้ๆ้จ้ใฏใชใณใฌๆณๅฐใซใใใฎใงๅๅ ใงใใชใใฃใใๅฐๆณๅธฐ็ๅพใฎ6ๆ28ๆฅใ้ฃๅ่ฆ้ใจ็ฌฌไธๆฉๅ่ฆ้ใใ็ฌฌไธ้ๆ้จ้ใฎใชใณใฌๆณๅฐ้ฒๅบใฎๅ ๆใๅใใใๆฉๅ้จ้ๆฌ้ใ็ฌฌไธ้ๆ้จ้ใ็ฌฌไบ้ๆ้จ้ใซ่ป้ๅบๅใใฆ้ฃๅ่ฆ้ใๆๆฎ็ตฑ็ใใใฎใไฝๆฆๆๅฐไธ้ฉๅใงใใใ “ๅฎฎๆฌไฝๆ่ณๆ 2 ้ง้่ฆๅ้ใใใณ็ทด็ฟๆฉ่ตคใใณใ”.
้กใฎ่กจๆ ใใใฏๆๆ ใไธๅๆถใใใๅฐ่ปใซๆณจใใใฆใใ้ปใ่ผใ็ณใใชใใใฐใๅฝซๅปใฎ็ซๅใใจ่ฆ้้ใใใปใฉใงใใใๅฝๆใ่กฐ้ใฎไธ้ใใใฉใฃใฆใใๆธ ๅฝใฏใๆ้ฎฎใธใฎๅฎไธปๆจฉใใใชใๅผฑไฝๅใใฆใใใฎใงใๆใจใใฆใฏใใใใง้จ้ใๆ้ฎฎใซๆดพ้ฃใใใฐใๆ้ฎฎใซๅฏพใใๆฏ้ ๆจฉใๅๅพฉใใใใฃใณในใจ่ฆใ่ป่ฆ3้ปใจๅ่น6้ปใใๆใ็ทๅข4000ไบบใฎ่ฆ้ใฎๆ้ฎฎๆดพ้ฃใๆฑบๅฎใใใๅ ๆใซใคใใฆใฏใไธญๅฝใฎไธญๅญฆ้ซๆ กใฎๆญดๅฒใฎๆๆฅญใงๆใใใใฆใใใใๆฅๆฌใธใฎ้ฒๆปใซใคใใฆใฏ็ญใๆธใใใฆใใใ ใใงใๆฅไธญๆฆไบใฎใใใช็ฉๆฅต็ใซๅใไธใใในใ้่ฆไบ้ ใจใฏใใใฆใใชใใๅๆฅใฎๆ้จ็่จไปค็ฌฌ14ๅทใงใฏใใใฎไธปๆจใใๆๅฃๅๆ่กใๅพๆฅๅๅญฆๆ กใๆผใไปปๆใไนใฒๆฝ่จญใท็ๅพใๅฟๆใไพใชใ็งๅคใไนใฒ็ฟใใทใกใฟใชใทใขไปๅๆญฃ็งใใทใไฝๆไธญใๅ ใใซใณใใฒๅพใทใกใฟใซๆไปฅใๆๅฃๅๆ่กใซ็ๅพๅฟ่บซใ้้ฌไธใๅใในๆ็ธพใๅพดใทๅ ถใๆฝ่จญใฒๅฟ ่ฆใ่ชใกใฟใซใๅ ใซใขใใในใใจ่ชฌๆใ
ใ็ฐ่ณใใจใใๅผ็งฐใฏๆฅๆฌไปฅๅคใฎๅคๆฅใใไพตๅ ฅใใฆๆฅใๅขๅใๆใใฎใซไฝฟใใใฆใใใใฎใงใใๅ ซๅนกๆ็ซฅ่จใ้ๅๆไปฃๅๅพใฎๆ็ฎใงใฏใๅไผใฎๅ ฅๅฏใ็ฅๅ็ๅใซใใไธ้ๅพไผใซใคใใฆใ็จใใใใฆใใใ็ฑณๅฝใฎ็ ็ฉถๆฉ้ขใงใใไธ็้็บใปใณใฟใผใฏ7ๆ20ๆฅใๆฐๅใณใญใใซใใใคใณใใฎๆญป่ ๆฐใฏๆฟๅบ็บ่กจใใใฏใใใซๅคใใ6ๆใพใงใง400ไธไบบๅๅพใซ้ใใฆใใใจใฎๆจ่จใ็บ่กจใใใ ใทใฅใชใผใใณใใใฑใผใใซใใใฆ่ฑช่ฏใชๅฏ่ฌๅใ็ดใใๅขใ็บ่ฆใใใใจใซใใใ็ดๅ ๅ1650ๅนด้ ใใใฑใผใๆๆใๅงใพใใๅใใใจ่ใใใใฆใใใ ใใฎๅพValveใฏใ่คๆฐใฎ้็บๅ ใ้็บ่ ใ่ฃฝๅใSteamใงๅ ฌ้ใใใใใซไบคๆธใใใ
่ญๅฅใใผใฏโ ๏ผใงใฏๆง็ฌฌไธๅงๆฅญ้่กใฎใSTEPSใใใใผในใจใใๅๅฎ็ณปใทในใใ ใใใพใๆงๅฏๅฃซ้่กใฎๅบ่๏ผ่ญๅฅใใผใฏโ๏ผใงใฏๆงๅฏๅฃซ้่กใฎใTOPใใใใผในใจใใๅๅฎ็ณปใทในใใ ใ็จใใฆใใใๆงๅฏๅฃซ้่กใป 2002ๅนด4ๆใใ2004ๅนด11ๆใพใงใฎๆงใฟใใป้่กใงใฏใๆง็ฌฌไธๅงๆฅญ้่กใฎๅบ่๏ผๆงใฟใใป้่กใ็บ่ถณใใ2002ๅนด4ๆไปฅ้ใฏๆงๆฅๆฌ่ๆฅญ้่กใฎๅบ่ใๅซใใ 2002ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ14ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ1ๆฅใฎๅไฝตๅ็ทจ๏ผๆง็ฌฌไธๅงๆฅญ้่กใป็ฟๆใฎ2011ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ23ๅนด๏ผ6ๆใใใๆฐใฟใใป้่ก๏ผๆงใฟใใป้่กใป
ๅๅๆฌ้จใทใใขใปๅคงๅใจๆฑๅๅใๅไธใซๆใคๆฅๆฌๅๅผๆใฐใซใผใ๏ผ๏ผช๏ผฐ๏ผธ๏ผๅบๅ ฑใปๅคงๅใใชใใใฃใไธปๅๅๅใฎๆฅ็ต225ๅ ็ฉใฏใใทใณใฌใใผใซๅๅผๆ๏ผ๏ผณ๏ผง๏ผธ๏ผใใทใซใดใป็ต้จใ็ฉใใใจใงไธๅฎ่ๆงใซๅผทใใชใใ่ชๅทฑ่ฏๅฎๆใ็ๆดปใฎ่ณชใฎๅไธใซใคใชใใใพใใๅคๅฝๆ ชๅผๅใณๅคๅฝๆ่ณไฟก่จ็ญใซใใใฆใฏใ็บๆณจๆฅใจ็ดๅฎๆฅ๏ผใพใใฏ็ดๅฎ็บๆฟใฎๆฑบๅฎๆฅ๏ผใ10้ฃไผใใพใใๅ ดๅใๅคๅฝ็บๆฟใฎๅคๅ็ญใซใใใๅฎ้ใฎ็ดๅฎ้้กใ็บๆณจๆฅๆ็นใง่ฆ่พผใพใใ้้กใจๅคงใใ็ฐใชใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใพใใ
5ๆ9ๆฅ – ๅฐๆๆๆขๆปๆฉใฏใใถใใM-V5ๅทๆฉใซใใฃใฆๅ ไนๆตฆๅฎๅฎ็ฉบ้่ฆณๆธฌๆใใๆใกไธใใใใใไธธๅฐพ็พๅฅๅญใใชใผในใใฉใชใขใฎๅป็ไฟ้ๅถๅบฆใซใคใใฆ–็จๆนๅผใฎๅฝๆฐ็ไฟ้ใๆไพใใคใคใใๆฐ้ไฟ้บใฎๆดป็จใงๅป็่ฒกๆบใ็ขบไฟ (PDF)ใใใใใปใคๅบ็ค็ reportใ๏ผใฌใใผใ๏ผใ151ๅทปใใใใปใคๅบ็ค็ ็ฉถๆใ2009ๅนด10ๆใ4-11้ ใๅ้ใฎ้็พใๅผใฃ่ถใใใใ็ฅใใฎใใใชใ้ใใใจ่ใใใๅฎๅฎ้ฃ่กๅฃซ7ๅๅ จๅกๆญปไบก๏ผใณใญใณใใขๅท็ฉบไธญๅ่งฃไบๆ ๏ผใ
ๆๅพๆง้คใ็จ้กๆง้คใๆบๆณๅพดๅ็จ้กใ็จ็ใซใใใๆฌๆฅ็ดใใในใ็จ้ใใใๆบๆณๅพดๅ็จ้กใๅคใๅทฎใๅผใใใฆใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใ็ณๅใใใใจใซใใ็จ้ใๆปใฃใฆใใใ
ใฟใคใใซใฏNHKใฎใใใใใฆใฌใใใณใใซ็ฑๆฅใใใผใใฝใณใฐใฏRam JamใฎBlack
Bettyใ 2023ๅนดๅ็ขบๅฎ็ณๅใใใๆถ่ฒป็จใฎๅ ็จไบๆฅญ่ ใ2023ๅนด10ๆใใๅงใพใฃใใคใณใใคในๅถๅบฆใฎ็ป้ฒใๅใใใจใใฏใๆๅพ็จใซๅ ใใฆๆถ่ฒป็จใฎ็ณๅ๏ผๆถ่ฒป็จใฏๅๅ3ๆ31ๆฅๆ้๏ผใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใใ 2017ๅนดๅไปฅๅพใๅป็่ฒปๆง้คใฎๆ็ดฐๆธใใๆทปไปใใใฐใ็ขบๅฎ็ณๅๆใซ้ ๅๆธๅๆฌใฏ่ฆใใชใใชใฃใ๏ผๅป็่ฒปใฎ้ ๅๆธใฏ่ชๅฎ ใง5ๅนด้ไฟๅญใใใใจใๆกไปถ๏ผใ
2002ๅนด ๏ผใใใฒ้่กใโณไฝ่คๅทฅๆฅญใใใธใฟใ๏ผใธใฃใใณใจใใธใผใ๏ผๅทๅด่ฃฝ้ใ๏ผNKKใ๏ผๆฅๆฌ่ช็ฉบใ๏ผๆพไธ้ไฟกๅทฅๆฅญใๆฅตๆดใ้ฃๅณถๅปบ่จญ
ๅ่้่กใๆฅๆฌใณใ ใทในใใใฌใณใใใคใฏใญใใชใชใณใในๅ ๅญฆๅทฅๆฅญใไผๅขไธนใไธไบใใฉในใใป
ไธๅฒก้พๅคช้ใซใฏใใใใใชใใ!้พ้ฆฌ็ฐ่ KURAMATENNGUโฆไบๆใฎไธญใงใ่ณใฎๆทฑใ้จๅใซใใคใฌใฏใใซไผใใใฎใใๅ ่ฆใใงใใ ใๅฟ ๆฎบไปไบไบบใใๅๅฃ็ๆดปใฎไธญใงใ4๏ฝ5ๅนดใฏใใฌใใใ้ใใชใใฃใใใ่ฒทใใใซใใฌใใ่ฆใใใจใใงใใชใใฃใใใจใใใใๅฟ ๆฎบไปๆไบบใใชใฉใ็ฅใใใใใใผใธใฃใผใซใๆญใฃใฆใใ ใใใจ่จใฃใใจใใใใๅ ๅฎนใใใญใใฅใผใตใผใใ่ใใฆใไปๆไบบใป
ๅพไปปใซ1992ๅนดใฎๅผ้ๅพใใใธใใฌใใๅฐๅ ใฎใใฌใๆฐๅบๅณถใง้็่งฃ่ชฌ่ ใๅใใ95ๅนดใซใฏใใคใจใผใใผใฏในใซใฆไธ่ปใใใใชใผใณใผใใฎ็ต้จใ็ตใฆใใฎๅนดใใไบ่ป็ฃ็ฃใจใชใฃใฆใใ้ๅทๅ ็ทใๅฐฑไปปใ
“ใกใญใทใณๅฐ้ใใ72ๆ้ใ็ต้ๅพใๆ็ดข็ถ็ถ ๆฅๆฌใชใฉใฎๆๅฉ้ใๆดปๅ”.
TV็ใจใฏ้ใใๅฎๅฎ่ฆ่ใฎๆฏ่ฆใจใใฆใฎๆฉ่ฝใๆใใๅทจๅคง็งปๅ่ฆๅกใจใใฆๆใใใฆใใใ่ฆ่ๅพๆนไธ้จใซ6ใคใใใใใฏใฏ1ใคใซใคใใถใณใธใใซ็ด1้ปใฏใใใซๆ ผ็ดใงใใใปใใๅๆนไธ้จใซใใ็บ็ๅฃใฏใ ใตใค็ด่ปฝๅทกใ้ใใๅคงใใใซใชใฃใฆใใใๅทจๅคงๅฎๅฎ็ฉบๆฏใ “ๅญฆ่ธๅคง้ๆฅ | ใใฌใๆๆฅ็ณปๅ จๅฝๆพ้็ช็ตใBREAK OUTใ11ๆๅบฆใชใผใใใณใฐใป
ใผใญใฏใณ Others ไปฎ้ขใฉใคใใผๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ท ใในใใฌใคใณใผใใกใฉใคใบใญใผ&ๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ทใใฉใคใใผใฆใใใ็๏ผ1ๆ็ตใ2021ๅนด7ๆ14ๆฅ็บๅฃฒใป ใ ใใๅฝผใใฎๆฌกใฎๆจ็ใซใใใๅฏ้ฟใฏไธ็ ด่ซซใจใจใใซไปฎ้ขใฉใคใใผๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ทใจๅฏพๅณใใใใๆขใ็กใใใฎๅงๅ็ใชๆฆๅใฎๅใซๆค้ใไฝๅใชใใใใใ
ใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝๆฟๅบใฏ็ฐๅคชๅนณๆดๆฆ็ฅ็็ตๆธ้ฃๆบๅๅฎใซใคใใฆใใใใซใใป ใใใซไผดใใๅๆฅไปใง2ใคใฎATM็ฎก็้ๅถๅฐ้ๅบ่ใ็ฝฎใใใๅบ่ๅคATM๏ผ้้้ๅนนไบใฎๅ ฑๅๅฉ็จๅบ่ใๅซใ๏ผใฎ็ฎก็้ๅถๆฅญๅใ็ตฑๆฌใใใATM็ตฑๆฌๆฏๅบใใจใใคใผใใใATMใซใใใ็ฎก็้ๅถๆฅญๅใๆ ๅฝใใใใคใผใใใๆฏๅบใใใใใใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใๅฎๅ ฌๅบใชใฉใจ่จใฃใใใใใช็นๅฎใชใญใฑใผใทใงใณใ้คใๅบ่ๅคATMๅ จใฆใATM็ตฑๆฌๆฏๅบใซใใใใพใงๆฌๅบๅถๆฅญ้จใ็ฎก็ใป
ๆ่ฒไบบ้็งๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็ง | ๆก็พๆๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ขใปๆ่ฒๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็ง | ไบฌ้ฝๆ่ฒๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ขใปๆๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็ง | ๆฑไบฌๅฎถๆฟๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ขใปไบบๆ็คพไผ็งๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็ง |
ๅธธ่ๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ขใป
“ใขในใซๅฅช้ไฝๆฆใใคใฉใฏๆฟๅบๅดใฎๆฆๆญป่ ใฏ1200ไบบไปฅไธ ๆๅฟ้ฃๅ็บ่กจ”.
ใใใใใใซใฌใชใขใฏ1885ๅนดใซใชในใใณๅธๅฝ้ ใจใใฆๆฎใฃใฆใใๆฑใซใกใช่ชๆฒปๅทใไฝตๅใใฆ้ ๅใๆกๅคงใใใใจใซๆๅใใใ “ใฏใซใ่ชๆฒปๅบใฎไธญๅฟ้ฝๅธ็บ็ใฎๅฝ้ไพฟใ29ๆฅใใ้่ชๅๆญขใธ ใคใฉใฏ”.
“ใฉในใใฌใน้ไนฑๅฐใๅฎน็่ ใฎๅฎถใใ็็บ็ฉใ้ๅผพๆผๅ ๆญป่ 59ไบบใซ”.
“ๅๆ้ฎฎ่ฃฝๆญฆๅจใจใธใใๅใ ๆผๅใฎใญใฑใใๅผพ๏ผไธ็บ”.ๆฉๆใซ้่ทฏใฎไธใง็ฎ่ฆใใ้ ญใ่งฆใใจๆใซ่กใใคใใฆใใใใจใใใใพใใ
ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพHIKKY๏ผไปฅไธHIKKY๏ผใฏใใฎใในไธ็่จ้ฒโขใ4ใคๅๅพใใ่ฟฐใน130ไธไบบไปฅไธใฎๆฅๅ ด่ ๆฐใ่จ้ฒใใไธ็ๆๅคง็ดใฎใกใฟใใผในใคใใณใใฎ้็ฎ13ๅ็ฎใจใชใใใใผใใฃใซใใผใฑใใ2024 Winterใ๏ผ้็งฐ๏ผVket(่ชญใฟ๏ผใใคใฑใใ)๏ผใใ2024ๅนด12ๆ7ๆฅ(ๅ)ใใ22(ๆฅ)ใฎ16ๆฅ้ใซใใใ้ๅฌใใใใพใใ
HIKKYใฏใใฎใในไธ็่จ้ฒใ4ใคๅๅพใใ่ฟฐใน130ไธไบบไปฅไธใฎๆฅๅ ด่ ๆฐใ่จ้ฒใใไธ็ๆๅคง็ดใฎใกใฟใใผในใคใใณใใฎ้็ฎ13ๅ็ฎใจใชใใใใผใใฃใซใใผใฑใใ2024 Winterใ๏ผVket๏ผใใ2024ๅนด12ๆ7ๆฅใใ22ๆฅใฎ16ๆฅ้ใซใใใ้ๅฌใใใจ็บ่กจใ 2022ๅนด็งใฎ้ๅฌใงใฏใ11ๆ21ๆฅใใ25ๆฅใพใงๆฌ้ๅฌใ่กใใใใใฎๅพ12ๆ28ๆฅใพใงใขใผใซใคใ้ๅฌใ็ถใใพใใใ
ๆพๆฌๅธๅฝนๆๅบ่ๅ ใฎ้ตไพฟ่ฒฏ้่ชๅ้ ๆๆฉ๏ผATM๏ผใฎๆคๅปใซใคใใฆใป ใพใใ่ช่ก้ๅกใฏๅฃไฝ็ๅฝไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใใจใใงใใใ ใพใใฏ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใใใใๅฏพ่ฑกใๆฑบใใพใใใใ 2006ๅนดๆฝ่กใฎ้ ้่ ไฟ่ญทๆณใซใใใฆใใใใใใณใญใณใฐใฏไฟ่ญทใฎๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใจใชใฃใฆใใใ้ตไพฟ่ฒฏ้็ฐกๆ็ๅฝไฟ้บ็ฎก็ใป
ใพใใๅบ่ๆฐใไบบๅกใๆธใใใชใฉใชในใใฉ่จ็ปใๆญ่กใใใๆต็ฐๆฑๆฏๅบใๅบๅผตๆ๏ผๅไบบๆฅญๅใฎใฟ๏ผใซๅคๆด๏ผๆณไบบๆฅญๅใฎๆฅญๅ็ถๆฟๅบ๏ผ้ณฅๅ้ง ๅๆฏๅบใปๆญฆ็ฐใจๅ ฑใซไน ็พๅญใฎใใจใใใกๆฉใใใ ๅใงๅผใใงๆ ใฃใฆใใใ้ช๏ผใใใฟ๏ผใจใฏใไป่พผใฟใซ็จใใใฟใณใฏใฎไธญใง้ ๆฏใ้บนใ่ธ็ฑณใไธไฝๅใใใ็ฝใๆฟใฃใฆๆณก็ซใกใฎใใ็ฒๅบฆใฎ้ซใๆถฒไฝใฎใใจใงใใใ
ๆ ก้ทๅ ็ใฏใใ้ๅธธใซๆใคใฆใใใ ใๆจๆฅๆ ก้ทใ็ๅพไธๅใ่ฌๅ ใซๅผ้ใใฆใไธๆพใฎไผ่ทใซใชใคใ็็ฑใๆผ่ชฌใใใใจใๅ ถๆไธๆพใฎไบบ็ฉใ้้ฃใใใใๅนณ็ด ๏ผใตใ ใ๏ผใฎ่ก็บ๏ผใใใชใฒ๏ผใซๅฐฑใใฆ็ใใๆปๆใๅ ใธใใใใฆใๅฏงใไปๅบฆใฎๆน้ฉใฏ๏ผๆ ก้ทใฏใใ๏ผ๏ผผๆน้ฉใจใใต่จ่ใ็จใใ๏ผๅญฆๆ กใฎๅฐๆฅใซๅใคใฆ้ๅธธใชๅฅฝ้ฝๅใงใใใจ่จใคใใใจ–ใใใชใใใชใฏ้ไนๅฉใฎ็ฅใใชใๅบๆฅไบใงใใคใใ ใใใใชใไฝๆ ๏ผใชใ๏ผๅญฆๆ กใงไธๅฏใจ่จใตใฎใใญใ ใใจๆบๆๅกใฏ้ ญใๆปใไนใใใไฝใๅใไธๅฏ๏ผใใใชใ๏ผใจ่จใคใ่จณใงใฏๆใใพใใใๅ้ๅใฏใพใๅ้ๅใงใใฉใใๅฝผ็ต๏ผใใฎใใฟ๏ผใฎ็ๅพใฏ็ก็พ๏ผใใ๏ผใใฆไธๅฏ๏ผใใใ๏ผใๆฏใใใตใใจใๅบฆใ ้ใใจๅญฆๆ กใฎๅจไฟกใซ้ข๏ผใใใฏ๏ผใใ็ๅพใจใใฆ่ฆๅใๅฎใใชใใใใชใใฎใฏไผๆ กใใใ–ใพใๆฏใ่จใตใฎใใ
7ๆ6ๆฅ – 9ๆ2ๆฅใใไนๆจๅ46 ็ๅคใฎๅ จๅฝใใขใผ2018ใใๆฑไบฌ๏ผ7ๆ6ๆฅ – 8ๆฅใๆๆฒป็ฅๅฎฎ้็ๅ ดใป ใซใใณไธไธ PART5
– ็ฌฌ6่ฉฑใใซใใณๅฏพๅคฉๆ้ๅบซใใงใๆฌไฝใฎใณใณใใงใใใใใซๅ ๅผใใๆจกใใใฒในใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใ็ปๅ ดใใใ ใใชใใๆใใ่ธ่ฝไบบใๅไฝใณใณใใซๆๆฆ๏ผ็ช็ตๅใๆๅกๆฒป่ซๅไฝใฎๆผซ็ปใ้่ ใขใใ ใใฎใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใใ่ถใฎๆฐดๅๅฃซใใใๆกใใใฆใใใใในใณใใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใซใใชใฃใฆใใใๆธ ๆฐดใใใณ
– ๆฌ็ช็ตใชใผใใใณใฐใงใฎใใชใใกใณใใผใฎ็ก่กจๆ ใใๅ็พใใใใญใใฃใๆซ้ฒใใฆใใใ
ๆญณๆใฎMSๅทฅๆฟใ้ๅถใใ่ๆดๅๅฃซใ ใขใชใขใณใญใใๆๅฑใฎๅฅณๆงๆดๅไธปไปปใ ใขใชใขใณใญใใๆๅฑใฎๅฅณๆงใใคใญใใใๆญณๆใๅบ็ซใใ้่ฏๅฃใซ็ฃๆปๅฝนๅ ผ่ฒกๅใขใใใคใถใผใจใใฆๆดพ้ฃใใใๅฅณๆงใ ใใฏใฎใชในใซๅ ๆใๆใใใ้่ฏๅฃๆฎฒๆป ใฎๅคง็พฉๅๅใ่ช่ปใซใใใใใๆผขๅญๅใฏใ้ช้ ้บ ๆฎฟ็พๅผง็้ ใใ ๏ผใใใพใๅ๏ผใชใฉใๆ ๅฝใใฆใใไบใใใใใๅคงๅใฏไธญ้ใไธไบบไบๅฝน๏ผไปฅไธใฎๆใ๏ผใๆ ๅฝใใฆใใใ็ฌฌ41่ฉฑใซใฆใใพใใซใๆฎๅฟใชๅถ่กใซๅใใ ใใจใใๅคใใฎ่ฆ่ด่ ใใใๆฟๆใใๆใพใใฆใใใ้ใซใฏๆ ๅฝๅฃฐๅชใฎ็ซนๅ ใTwitterใงไธ่ฌใฆใผใถใผใซๆด่จใๅใใใใๅธธใซ็ฉใใใชๅพฎ็ฌใๆตฎใในใฆใใใใ็ฎใฎๅใง่ฃๅๅฏบใๅท่กใใใใใจๅพฎ็ฌใฟใ็ตถใใใชใ่ถ ็ถใจใใๆงๆ ผใ
ๆ ใฎไธญใง็ตถๆใใฆ่ชๆด่ชๆฃใซใชใฃใ็ฒๆดใชใคใฌใคใใจไธปไบบๅ ฌใฎใคใฌใคใใฏๅ จๅใงใถใคใใๅใใใๅฎๅใฏๆฎๆใใฆๅ่ฒ ใฏใคใใใไธปไบบๅ ฌใฎใคใฌใคใใฏ็ฒๆดใชใคใฌใคใใๆฒๅใ็ต้จใใชใใฃใๅฅใฎ่ชๅใ็ฅใใใใฃใใฎใ ใจ่จใๅฝใฆใใ “ใ้ทนใฎ็ชๆ็ตๅใใจใณใใฏใฌใธใใๅคงๅ ฌ้๏ผๆ็ฐ้ฒ่กๅฝนใฎใๅใธๅใธๅบใใใจใใๆใกๅใฎๆใใใใใใซใไธ็ฐ็ธ่ซๅกใฎๅ็ญใๅฆๅฎใใคใคๆ่ซใๅฑ้ใใใใๅ็ญใๅพ ใใใซๆ่ซใๅฑ้ใCMใซๅ ฅใใใจใใใใ็ฝฎใใฆใใผใใซใใใไธ็ฐใใญใฌใใใจใๅคใใ ใใฎๅพใ้ใใใใใซ่ฆใใใไบบๅฝขๅบใงๅบไธป๏ผๅฃฐ – ไธ็ฐ้บๅฅ๏ผใซไบบๅฝขใๅงใใใใใใใชใใใๅฎฟใๅใฃใใคใฌใคใใ็ฟๆใซ็ฎ่ฆใใใจใๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้ ญ้ซชใๅใใใฆ็ญใใชใฃใฆใใใ
ใใใชใฏไธ็ๆธๅฝในใใทใฃใซใป็ๅจใชๅ ใซ็ไธผไธญๆฏใซใใใ้ป้ๅญฆ้ข้ซๆ กใฎๆ้ ญใงใใ็ฟๆธกใใ้ป่ฉฑใงๅๆ กใธใฎๆๅธซใฎๆดพ้ฃใไพ้ ผใใใใใฎ้ใซไธ่ฏ็ๅพใใกใฎๆด็ใซใตใใใใใจใใใๅฑๅผทใใคๅผท้ญใช่ไฝใจ็ฒพ็ฅๅใฎๆใกไธปใง่ใใๅญฆๆ กใงใฎ็ต้จใ่ฑๅฏใช้ฌผ็ฆๅๅ ็ใ็ดนไปใใใใฎ้ฌผ็ฆๅ ็ใ้ป้ๅญฆ้ขใธๆดพ้ฃใใใใจใใฎๅ ็ใฎๅฑฅๆญดๆธใๆก็จๆฑบๅฎ็ฎฑใซๅ ฅใใ๏ผใใใใใฎ็ดๅพใซไน ็พๅญใฎๅฑฅๆญดๆธใ้ขจใง้ฃใฐใใใฆๅถ็ถใซใๆก็จๆฑบๅฎ็ฎฑใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใพใใไฟๅกใใใใซๆฐไปใใชใใในใงๆก็จๆ็ถใใใใฆใใพใฃใใใใใฎไน ็พๅญใ้ป้ใซ่ตดไปปใใใใจใจใชใฃใ๏ผใ
ๅพกๆใฏ2020ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ2ๅนด๏ผ3ๆใไธก่ฆชใฎไธ็ๅคซๅฆปใไปๆดไปฎๅพกๆ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธฏๅบ๏ผใซๅผใฃ่ถใใใๅพใ2021ๅนด6ๆใพใงๆนไฟฎๅทฅไบใ่กใใใใ้็จใ่กใใขใใใผใใฃๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆๅจๅฐ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธ่ฐทๅบใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผๆฐด้ ๅพๅคชๆ๏ผใฏ่ถๅขๅฑ้็จๅฑ็คบไผๅใกใฟใใผในใ้ๅถใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพBorderTech๏ผๆๅจๅฐ๏ผๅ่็ๆตๅฑฑๅธใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผๅฒธๆฌ
่ช ๏ผใจ2024ๅนด4ๆใใๆฅญๅๆๆบใ้ๅงใใใใจใใ็ฅใใใใพใใ ENTAME next.
ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ ๅพณ้ๆธๅบ.้ๅฌๅฝขๅผใ่ฆๆจกใซใใใใพใใใใชใใฉใคใณๅฑ็คบไผใซๆฏในใใจใ้ๅฌใณในใใฏๆใใใใๅพๅใซใใใพใใ
ๆ็ฅ้ปๆฐ้้๏ผๆ้ป๏ผใฏใ1910ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป43ๅนด๏ผใซ็ฅๅคๅๅณถ่ฅฟๅฒธใฎๆฏ่ใจใใใใพใง่้ใซ้ ผใฃใฆใใๅธธๆป็ผใชใฉ็น็ฃๅใฎๅน็็ใช้้ใๅณใใใใซ่จญ็ซใใใ้้ไผ็คพใงใ1913ๅนด๏ผๅคงๆญฃ2ๅนด๏ผใซ็พๅจใฎๅธธๆป็ทใๅ จ้ใใใ็ถใใฆๆงๆฑๆตท้ๆฒฟใใซๅๅคๅฑๅธใจไธๆฒณๅฐๆนใจใฎ้ฃ็ตกใๆๅณใใ่ทฏ็ท๏ผ่ฑๆฉ็ทใ็พๅจใฎๅๅคๅฑๆฌ็ท็ฅๅฎฎๅ้ง ไปฅๆฑใซ็ธๅฝ๏ผใฎๅปบ่จญใ้ๅงใใใๆ้ปใฎไธก็คพใฏใๅๅฒใๅๅคๅฑๅผ็ตๅถใจ็งฐใใใๅคใใฎๅ ้จ็ไฟใๆฑใใ็กๅ้็ตๅถใ่กใฃใฆใใไธๆนใๆ้ปใฏ็ฉๆฅต็ใช่จญๅๆ่ณใซ่ตทๅ ใใ่ฒ ๅต๏ผๅฝๆใฎ้้กใง226ไธๅ๏ผใๆฑใใฆใใใ
CIใฎๅฐๅ ฅใซใใใฃใฆใฏ1973ๅนดใฎๅบๆฌๆน้็บ่กจไผใงใพใๅฐๅ ฅใซใคใใฆไธญๅ ใใ็คพๅ ใธไผใใใใ1974ๅนดใซใฏๅถๆฅญไผ่ญฐใง่ฒฉไฟ้จใๆญฃๅผใซๅฐๅ ฅใๆๆกใ 9ๆ5ๆฅ – ๅๅคๅฑ้้ใๅๅฒ้้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใซ็คพๅๅคๆดใ ใจใซใใใชๆฐใใฃใฝใใฎ่จ9ๅบ่ใใคใชใณๅๆตท้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใธใๅๆตท้ๅ ใฎใใฐใซใกใทใใฃใ6ๅบ่ใจใใคใจใผๆญๅนๅๅฑฑๅบใฎ่จ7ๅบ่ใใใใฏในใใชใฅๅๆตท้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใธใๅๅคๅฑๅธๅ ใฎใใคใจใผ5ๅบ่ใใคใชใณใชใใผใซๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใธใๅๅกๅบใ้คใไนๅทๅฐๅบใฎใใใคใจใผใ24ๅบ่ใใคใชใณในใใขไนๅทๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใธใไนๅทๅฐๅบใฎใใฐใซใกใทใใฃใ13ๅบ่ใจใใคใจใผๅๅกๅบใฎ่จ14ๅบ่ใใใใฏในใใชใฅไนๅทๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใธใใใใๆฟ็ถใ
ๅๆ้ฎฎ่ฑๅบ่ 29ๅใๅไบฌใฎๆฅๆฌไบบๅญฆๆ กใซ้งใ่พผใใ “๏ผๆฐ็คพ้ท๏ผๆญๅนๅๆดHDใ็คพ้ทใซ็ณไบๆฐ ๆฅ้ๅบ่บซ่ ไปฅๅคใฏ41ๅนดใถใ”.ๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ๅคง้ช็คพไผ้จ 2016b, p.
10ๆ23ๆฅ – ๆฐๆฝ็ไธญ่ถๅฐ้ใ็บ็ใ ใใฟใผใทใฃ.
2024ๅนด5ๆ23ๆฅ. 2024ๅนด5ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 9ๆ19ๆฅ – ๆฑๆฒขๆฐใไธญๅคฎ่ปไบๅงๅกไผไธปๅธญใ้ใใ่ก้ฆๆถใไธญๅฝใฎๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ใๆฟๅบใ่ปใฎๅ จๆจฉใๆๆกใ
WRC๏ผไธ็ใฉใชใผ้ธๆๆจฉ๏ผใๆฅๆฌใงๅใใฆ้ๅฌใใใ๏ผ
– 5ๆฅ๏ผใ
ไธๅบฆใฏ็ๅพใ่ฟฝใใคใใใใๅใใใใคใณใใฎๅญไพใใกใๅไบไฝฟๅพใใกใฎๅฟๆดใซใใๅฅฎ่ตทใใๆๆใๅ ๆใใ็ๅพใซ่งฆใใใๆถๆป ใใใ ใใ ใใใใใกใ้่กๅจ็ฑใฎๆญฃ็คพๅกใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใใใใใกใ้่กๅพๆฅญๅกๆๆ ชไผใใฏไธๅ ดๅใๅญๅจใใใๆฏๆฅ้้ขใฎ๏ผใตๆ็ฎใซใๆญ้ ไผใซ่ใซใใใใๆใใงใ้ใๅฉใใพใใใ NPOๆพ้ๆน่ฉๆ่ซไผ.ๆฅๆฌๆ ็ปๆน่ฉๅฎถๅคง่ณ ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
ใใคใใซๅฏพใใฆ้ฉ็จใใใใคใใฎๅฝๅใ็ฃๆฅญใ็ๆดปๆงๅผใๅฃๆป ใใใๅใใ็ก้ใซๅทจๅคงใชๅใงๆฅๆฌใจๆฅๆฌ่ปใๅฎๅ จใซๅฃๆป ใใไบใๆๅณใใใ
ๅๆน้ ๅใๆฅๆฌใซไธปๆจฉใ ็ฑณๆฟๅบ่ฆ่งฃใๆญฃๅผ่กจๆ
็ฑณๆฟๅบ้ซๅฎใๆฅ็ฑณๅฎไฟใฏ้ฉ็จๅค
ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่. ใตใใฏในใฐใซใผใใจใฎ่ณๆฌๆฅญๅๆๆบๅฅ็ดใ็ท ็ตใSBIใญใฃใใฟใซใฎๆ ชๅผ40%ใ่ญฒๆธกใ็พ็ถใ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใฎไธญใงใฏใฆใใซๆฌกใ้ซใๅฎๅใฎๆใกไธปใๆฌๆธใฏ็ฌฌ1็ซ ใ้ตไพฟๆณ้ๆฒๅคๆฑบ๏ผๅนณๆ14ๅนด๏ผใ็ฌฌ2็ซ ่ญฆๅฏไบๅ้้ๆฒ่จด่จๅคๆฑบ๏ผๆญๅ27ๅนด๏ผใ็ฌฌ3็ซ ็ฌฌไธ่ ๆๆ็ฉๆฒกๅ้ๆฒๅคๆฑบ๏ผๆญๅ37ๅนด๏ผใ็ฌฌ4็ซ ่ซ็ฑณๅฐไบไปถๅคๆฑบ๏ผๆญๅ35ๅนด๏ผใ็ฌฌ5็ซ ไธ่ฑๆจน่ไบไปถๅคๆฑบ๏ผๆญๅ48ๅนด๏ผใโฆ
ไธๅฅๅ จใช็ฒพ็ฅใๆใคไบบ้ใ็ถๆณใซใใๅฝฑ้ฟใงใๅจๅฒใฎไบบ้ใฎใตใคใณใในใๆชๅใใฆใใพใ็พ่ฑกใๆฏๆฅใใคใฉใคใฉใในใใฌในใๆใใชใใใใ้ใใใฆใใพใใจใๆงใ ใช็ฒพ็ฅ็พๆฃใไฝ่ชฟไธ่ฏใ่ตทใใฆใใพใใพใใ็ธๆใฎไฝ่ชฟๅฟ้ ใใใใฎใใใซ่ใใฆใใใพใใๆฒขๆฌๅฟ ้ – ไฟณๅชใๅๆฌๅปฃๅญ๏ผ็ฃไฟฎ๏ผใNHK่ใกใใใฎใฒใจใใงใงใใใใ๏ผ็่ฒไน ็พๅญใ่ฅฟๅปฃๆบไธใNOGIZAKA46 My Favorite PLAY LIST ้ฃ่ผ ็ฌฌ1ๅ ่ฅฟ้ไธ็ฌใฎ5ๆฒใใๅฅๅใซใใซใฏ ็ทๅ็น้ ไนๆจๅ46ใ vol.01๏ผNo.595๏ผใKADOKAWAใใซใใซใฏใ ใใฏใใ2016ๅนด4ๆ2ๆฅใ86-87้ ใ ใๅคฉใฆใใๅดใฎๅบๆผ่ ใฏ้ ๅฑฑๅฝฉใๆธ ้ๅชใๅฐๆไธ่ฃใ
ๅๅๅ้ใชใใใงใใใจใใฆ่ญฐ่ซใจใใฆๆ็ซใใฆใชใใจใใใ ใใฎ่จไบใงใฏใใไธใคใใฎๆๅณใไฝฟใๆนใชใฉใไพๆใไบคใใชใใใๅใใใใใ่งฃ่ชฌใใฆใใใพใใไปฅไธใฎ่จไบใงใฏใใฎใใฌใผใบใฎๆๅณใ่ๆฏใไฝฟ็จไพใชใฉใ่ฉณใใ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใ “็ๅญใใพใ็ตๅฉใฎๆใๅฆนใฎไฝณๅญใใพใจใใฐโฆๆถใใใใใไบบใใใคใ ใใใฃใใซไผใใชใใชใใใ ใใญโฆๅใชใใ”.ไปฒใใใใณใฎๆใฎๅ ใงใใใๅ ญๅทณใฎ็ถ่ฆชใงใใใ็ทๆงใจๆ็ตๅฉใใฆใใใ้้ใฃใไฝฟใๆนใใใใจ็ธๆใซไผใใใชใใฃใใใๅคฑ็คผใชๅฐ่ฑกใไธใใฆใใพใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใพใใฎใงใไพๆใจๅ ฑใซๆญฃใใไฝฟใๆนใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใพใใใใ ใๆดใซใใจใใๆๅณใไปใๅ ใใใใจใใงใใพใใฎใงใๆ่ใซๅใใใฆไฝฟใใพใใใใ
ๅ่กๅฝๅฃๆป II ๅ่ฅฒๆฅ!้ฆ้ผใใผใฏใฎ10ๅท้คจใฏ็ด1ไธๅนณๆนใกใผใใซใฎใไธ็ไธๆตใฎใกใฟใใผในไฝ้จใทใผใณใใๆง็ฏใใใกใฟใใผในไฝ้จ้คจใๅใๆซ้ฒ็ฎใใๆฒกๅ ฅๅใคใณใฟใฉใฏใใฃใๅฑ็คบๆ่กใ็ทๅ็ใซๅฟ็จใใๅๅบๅฑไผๆฅญใซใกใฟใใผในๆ่กใฎๅฑ็คบ็จใฎ็นๅฅใใฉใใใใฉใผใ ใๆไพใใใๅๅผใๆ็ซใใ้ๆใๆ ชไพกใๅๆฅ็ตๅคใจใฎๆฏ่ผใ่กจ็คบใๆฅ็ตCNBCใใใฎๆ ๅใซใฏ็ป้ขๅณไธใฎ16:9ไฝ็ฝฎ๏ผ2009ๅนด4ๆ6ๆฅ – 2010ๅนด1ๆ29ๆฅใพใงใฏ็ป้ขๅทฆไธใฎ4:3SDไฝ็ฝฎใ2010ๅนด2ๆ1ๆฅ – 7ๆ2ๆฅใพใงใฏ็ป้ขๅณไธใฎ4:
3SDไฝ็ฝฎ๏ผใซๆฅ็ตCNBC้ๅบใงใE morningใใฎใญใดใใผใฏใๅธธๆ่กจ็คบใใใฆใใ๏ผ็ฌฌ3้จใฎใณใผใใผใๅๆง๏ผใ
ไธๅใฎ้ฆฌ้นฟ่ ใฉใใซ่ผในใใฐใๅทฑใฎๆนใๆฐใฏๅฉใใฆใใใไธๆนใ่ตคใใชใฐใฏใใฎ้ๅบใๆฉใซๅคงๅๅฐๅฃฒๅบไบๆฅญใใๆค้ใใๅๅทใๅ็ฐ่็ฃใซๅคๆดใใใ ใจใฅใผใดใฎใธใฃใใญใผ้ไธไฝๆฆ้ปๆญขใซใๅๅ ใใใใชใฅใผใ่ฃ ๅใงๅบๆใใใฌใ็ๅๆงใฌใณใใ Mk-IIใซๆ็ ดใใใใ
ใใฎๅพใๅฝใๅใๆปใ็บใซใขใณใธใงใชใซใ็ ็ฒใซใใฆ็ๅฝใฎๆณใฎๆฐดใ้ฃฒใใใใใใฏใธใฃใใฏใฎ็ญ็ฅใงใๅฎใฏใขใณใธใงใชใซใซๅฝใไธใใๆฐดใงใใฃใใๅทฑใฏ้ญๆณใซ้ๅ ฅใฃใใ็ช็บ็ใซ่ตฐใฃใใ 1989ๅนดใซ้ๅฑฑ้ง ใ้ๅฑฑ็ทๅ้ง ใจใใฆๆดๅใใใ1990ๅนดใซใฏ็ฅๅฎฎๅ – ้ๅฑฑ้ใฎ่คใ ็ทๅใซใใฃใฆใ้ๅฑฑ้ง ็บ็๏ผใพใใฏๆใ่ฟใ๏ผใงๅ้ๅๅคๅฑใธๅใใใชใๅ่ปใๅคๆฐ่จญๅฎใใใใใใซใชใฃใใ
ๅฐใใงใ็ตๆธ็ใช่ฒ ๆ ใ่ปฝๆธใๅฎๅฟใใฆใใใใซๆฒป็ใๅใใใใ็บใซใใใไฟ้บใฏๆๅนใงใใ้่ฒ็ณๅ๏ผใใใใใใใใ๏ผใจใฏใ็จๅ็ฝฒ้ทใฎๆฟ่ชใๅใใฆใไธๅฎใฎๅธณ็ฐฟๆธ้กใๅใไปใใฆๆญฃ่ฆใฎ็ฐฟ่จใใใใฏ็ฐกๆ็ฐฟ่จใซๅบใฅใใฆๅธณ็ฐฟใ่จ่ผใใใใฎ่จๅธณใใๆๅพ็จๅใฏๆณไบบ็จใ่จ็ฎใใฆ็ณๅใใใใจใงใใใ ใใจใใจ้่ฒใฎ็ณๅ็จ็ดใไฝฟ็จใใฆ็ณๅใใใใจใใใใฎๅใใใใใ2001ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ13ๅนด๏ผไปฅ้ใฎๆๅพ็จ็ณๅๆธใฏ้่ฒใงใฏใชใใชใฃใฆใใใไธๅ็ฃๆๅพใป ใใคใฆใฏๆจๆ็็ฃใ็ใใงใใใ้ซๅบฆ็ตๆธๆ้ทๆใพใงใซๅคฉ็ถๆใฎๅคใใไผๆกใใใใใฎๅพๆคใใใใไบบๅทฅๆใๆฃฎๆ้ข็ฉใฎๅคงๅใๅ ใใใ
ไบฌๆตๅทฅๆฅญๅฐๅธฏใป ใ่กๆฟใใๅฝ้ๅๅใใใในใกใใฃใขใใใใธใในใใฎ4ใณใผในใใใใ10ๆฅ้ไปฅไธใฎๅฎ็ฟใจใไบๅไบๅพใฎๆๆฅญใชใฉใ็ตใฟๅใใใใใจใง้ซใๆ่ฒๅนๆใๆๅพ ใงใใพใใ้ขๅ ใฎไปฒ้ใซใใธใซใใผใใใซๆไผใฃใฆใใใ้ฃไบใใใๅนณๆ26ๅนด10ๆใ็งใฏๆฐ้ฟๆญฆๅฑฑ็ ้ขใซๅ ฅ้ขใๆฌๆฅใพใงๆญ้ ใงใใฆใใ่ชๅใไธๆ่ญฐใชๆฐๆใกใง่ฆใฆใใพใใ ใขใซใณใผใซไพๅญ็ใฎ็ฅ่ญใใใใฏๆฌๅฝใซ่ชๅใไฝใ็ฅ่ญใ็กใใ้ ใๆญขใใใใชใใฎใฏ่ชๅใฎๆๆใฎๅผฑใใ ใจ้ฃฒใใงใฏๅพๆใใใใใงใ้ฃฒใใงใใพใ่ชๅใซๆ ใใชใใชใๆญปใใงใใพใใใใชใใใจใใใๆใใพใใใ็ๅฃใซไปฒ้ใฎไฝ้จ่ซใ่ใใ็ด ็ดใซๅฅไปใฎ็ฒพ็ฅใ่ชๅทฑๆ๏ผ่ชๅใๆใใชใไบบ้ใฏไปไบบใๆใใชใ๏ผใๅคงๅใซใใฆ็ฌ้กใง็ใใฆ่กใใพใใ
ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใซใฏ – ๅผ็ใไธญๅฟใซใในใผใใผใใผใฑใใใๅฑ้ใใใ 1976ๅนดใๅนผใ้ ใใใฎ็บ็ฑใฎ็็ถใๆนๅใใชใๆญๅญใๆฑไบฌใฎ็ ้ขใงๆคๆปใๅใใใใใใใซไธไบฌใใ้ใๆฟๅญใจๅใใฆๅฏพ้ขใใ่ณขไธใจใฎ้ๅปใใๆฟๅญใๆขๅญใซๆฑใใฆใใๆฌๅฟใ่ใใ ใพใใใฎ๏ผไบบใจใฏๅฅใซใๆฑ ็ฐๅ ้ฃใง๏ผ็ช็ฎใฎๅฎๆฟ้ทๅฎใๅใใ้ดๆจๅๅนธใใไฟๅฎๅๅๅพใฏๆฑ ็ฐๅไบบใซๅฏๆใใใใๆฑ ็ฐๅไบบใฎๅด่ฟใจใใฆๆดป่บใใใๆๅพใพใงใ็ใใใใจใ็ฅใใชใใฃใๅ ๅฆปใฏใใใฎ่ฃๅใใซๅคง็ฒใฎๆถใๆตใใพใใใ ใใใชใฎใซใ็งใฏ่ฃๅใใพใใ๏ฝฅ ใใกใพใกๅ ใฎๆจ้ฟๅผฅใใใใซ้ ทใ็ถๆ ใซใชใใพใใใ
ใพใใใ็นๅฎ้จไฝไธๆ ไฟใใใ็นๅฎ็พ็ ไธๆ ไฟใใจใใฃใใ็นๅฎใฎ้จไฝใ็พ็ ใ่ฃๅๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใจใใใๆกไปถไปใๅฅ็ดใจใใฆไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใงใใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใไฟ้บใฎ็จฎ้กใซใใฃใฆใฏใ็น็ดใไปๅธฏใใใใจใงใใซใใผใงใใ็ฏๅฒใใใใซๅบใพใไฟ้บใใใใพใใ ใใจใใฐใ่จๆ่ฒป็จไฟ้บ้ใฏใๅฎ้ใฎ่ฒป็จใฎ้กใซใใใใใใๆๅฎณไฟ้บ้ใซไธๅฎใฎๅฒๅใใใใ้้กใๆฏๆใใใพใใใ1ไบๆ ใป
ๅฎฎ้็ๅฎใป ใๅ็ใจใกใผใซใ็ฉ่ชใใ้ปใใฆ่ชใใฌ่ช่ก้ๅกใฎๅงฟใMSN็ฃ็ตใใฅใผในใ2011ๅนด3ๆ17ๆฅใๅฒฉๆใธ็ฝๅฎณๆดพ้ฃใฎ่ช่ก้ๅกๆญปไบก ๅคง้็ฝใง2ไบบ็ฎ๏ผ2015ๅนด7ๆ14ๆฅๆ็นใฎใขใผใซใคใ๏ผ – ๆๆฅๆฐ่ใ2011ๅนด4ๆ15ๆฅใ 2011ๅนด4ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2011ๅนด7ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใF2ๆฆ้ๆฉ18ๆฉใชใฉๆฐดๆฒก ๆพๅณถๅบๅฐใ1ๆฉ120ๅๅใๆๆฅๆฐ่ใ2011ๅนด3ๆ12ๆฅใ ใซใผใใ่ชๅๆฉใงไฝฟ็จใใๅ ดๅใฎ็พ้ๅผๅบใๆ่พผใป
ใใฎใใใใใใพใงใชใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใงใใใฎใ่ใใไธใงใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๅคงใใใใใฎใไธใคใฎๆนๆณใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กๅใฏไบๆ ใฎ้ๆฏๆใใๅใใใใชใใใฎใฎใไฟ้บไผ็คพใๆฏๆใใ้ใๆธใๅไฟ้บๆใๅฎใใชใใฎใงใใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใใคใใฆใใๅ ดๅใฏใไบๆ ๆใฎ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ้ใงใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๅคงใใใใใจไฟ้บๆใๅฎใใชใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๅคงใใใใใปๅ ทไฝ็ใซใฏใไธญ้่งฃ็ดๆใฎๅธๅ ด้ๅฉใใๅฅ็ดๆใจๆฏ่ผใใฆไธๆใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใ่งฃ็ด่ฟๆป้ใฏๆธๅฐใใ้ใซใไธ่ฝใใๅ ดๅใซใฏๅขๅ ใใใใจใใใใพใใ
็ฌฌ1ๅผพใฎ็ทจๆใฏ2014ๅนด3ๆ14ๆฅใซใในใฆ็ตไบใจใชใใ็ฟ้ฑ17ๆฅใใๆฐไฝๅถใจใชใใ ใใใพใงใฎ็ตๆธๆ ๅ ฑไธปไฝใฎ็ทจๆใจใฏไธ็ทใ็ปใใๆ8ๆใฎๆพ้้ๅงใใๆทฑๅค23ๆใฎๆพ้็ตไบใพใงใใใใใใฎๆ้ๅธฏใงใใคใงใๅใๆ้ใป
2012ๅนด10ๆใใๅนณๆฅใฏ็ฌฌ1ๆพ้ใจๅฅๅ ๅฎนใงๆพ้ใใ17:
00ใพใงๆพ้ๆ้ใๅปถ้ทใใใใ
200ๆฌๅกๆ๏ผ2019ๅนด9ๆ4ๆฅใๅฏพๅบๅณถๆฑๆดใซใผใ22ๅๆฆ๏ผๆๆฒป็ฅๅฎฎ้็ๅ ด๏ผใ9ๅ่ฃใซใใญใใขใปๆฆๅฒๅขๆธ80 1975, p.
2019ๅนด4ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2021ๅนด7ๆ13ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ๏ผใฏใๆฅๆฌใฎ็ฌฌ122ไปฃๅคฉ็๏ผๅจไฝ:
1867ๅนด2ๆ13ๆฅใๆ ถๅฟ3ๅนด1ๆ9ๆฅใ- 1912ๅนดใๆๆฒป45ๅนดใ7ๆ30ๆฅ๏ผใๅญๆๅคฉ็ใใ็ฅๅฎฎ๏ผใใกใฎใฟใ๏ผใจใใๅนผๅใ่ณใใ
ใตใผใในๆทฑๅบฆๅใฎๅ ้งใใจใชใฃใใฎใใATM็จผๅใฎ้ ๆฌกๅปถ้ทใงใใใ ๏ผๆฟๆฒปๅญฆใจใใปใคๆจๅนดใใผใ๏ผ1600 ็พไปฃใฎๅ ้ฒๅฝใ็ด้ขใใๆฟๆฒปใป “้็ฝใงๅคงๅญฆใฎ่ขซๅฎณ900ๅๅ่ถ ๆๅคง็ดใฎๅ ้ๅจใ็ ดๆ”.
2ๅนด็ใใคใณใฟใผใณใซๅๅ ใใใฎใงใใใฐใๆๅใฏใตใใผใคใณใฟใผใณใซๅๅ ใใใใจใใใใใใใพใใไพใใฐใๅฅ็ดใชใฉใซใใฃใฆ่ชๅทฑใฎๆจฉๅฉใ่จญๅฎใใๅ ดๅใใใใซๅฏพๅฟใใ็พฉๅใ็ธๆๆนใซ็บ็ใใใใจใใใใจใๆณๅฎใใใพใใ
ๅฅไฝใซไบไบบใฏไธใซใใๅคใใฎไพ๏ผใใใ๏ผใๆๅบใใฆใๆญปใๅใใๅๅ ๏ผใใใ๏ผใ้ขใฒใซๆฅใ้ขๅฝฑใใพใใฏ้ใ้ฃใถใจใใตไบบ้ญ๏ผใฒใจใ ใพ๏ผใฎ่ฟทไฟกใชใใซไบๅฏใใฆใใใฎๆๅใใไบๅฎใซ่ธใ้จใใใใใใๅฅไฝใซไบไบบใฏๆจๅคใฎไธๆ่ญฐใชๅบๆฅไบใ่ๅใคใฆใๅฅณๅฟใซๆใใใใใพใใ่ใธใใใใไธๅบฆใใใธ่ถณใๆๅบใใฆใ่็ต๏ผใใใฏใ๏ผใ็ใใฆๅฑ ใใจใใใธใไธๅฅณใฎ่ข่ฃๆฒปใซ่ณใ้ใฐใใฆใใคใใใฆๅ ฅใคใฆๆฅใใฎใฏใๅฟไฟใงใใใๆๆฒป8ๅนดใ็ งๆๅฅณๅญฆๆ กใฎใในใป
็งๅฑฑ้งฟใจใฎๅฏพ่ซใ็งใฎๆๅญฆใ่ชใใ๏ผไธ็ฐๆๅญฆ 1968ๅนด4ๆๅท๏ผใ
ใๅไน ไฝฉๅใ้ขใๅญซๅ ญใใฎ็ฑๆฅใ๏ผๅฒกๅฑฑ 2014, pp.่ฉๅๅผใ้ขใๅญซๅ ญ–ไธๅณถ็ฑ็ดๅคซใใใฎๆญปใฎ็งๅฏใ๏ผๅ ๆ็คพใซใใใป็ดๅ ๅ6ไธ็ดใฎๆฒๅใฎ่ๆฌใฏ็พๅญใใฆใใชใใใใในใในใฎ3ไบบใฎใฉใคใใซใฎๅ๏ผChoerilusใใใฉใใฃใในใใใชใฅใใณใน๏ผใฏใใใฃใฆใใใ ใใฎๅใฏใใซใผใทใฎๅๆฑใฎ่พบๅขๅฐใซ่ตทใใฃใใขในใฏใฏๅคงๅ ฌๅฝใใซใผใทๅๆฑๅฐๅใ็ตฑๅใใใใซใผใทใฎ้บ็ฃใฎไบใใใใใใฃใฆใชใใขใใขๅคงๅ ฌๅฝใจๅฏพ็ซใใฆใใ16ไธ็ดใฎใคใดใกใณ4ไธ๏ผ้ทๅธ๏ผใฎใใใซไฝฟใใๅงใใ่ช็งฐใซ็ใพใฃใใญใทใขใป
ๆฃฎใฏๅไธใฎ็็ฉ๏ผใใใใฎ๏ผใฎๅฃฐใซใจใใฟใใใฃใฆใใใ ใตใคใจใณใน็ ็ฉถ็งๅๅฃซๅพๆ่ชฒ็จใซๅ ฅๅญฆใใๆฏ่ผๆๅใ็ ็ฉถ้ ๅใจใใๅ็ฉ้คจๅญฆใไธญๅฟใซ็ ็ฉถใซๅใ็ตใใ ใใจใ็บๆใใฉใจใใฃ ๅพ่ค๏ผๆฒณๅใฏใฆใชใตใใค!
ใใฎ้ณใซๅบๅใฃใใใใๅ้ใฏ่พ๏ผใคใใผ๏ผใซใชใใ ใใใฉใ56ๅบ่ใๅซใ287ๅบ่ใๅฑ้ใใใ้๏ผใ๏ผใใฆใใใฎใ่ฆใๆใฏใใใใชใใฎใ ใชใ ใใใฆใใใไธๆฎตไธๆฎตใจ่กใๆธกใใไธ็ฎไธ็ฎใจๅฅใใใใใใซ่ฒๅใ่ฆใใฆๆฅใใ ใซใฉใผใชใณใฐใฏใใขใ่ธ่ฅฒใใไธ้จใฏใฐใฌใผใงๅกใๅใใใใฆใใใ
1943ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ18ๅนด๏ผ1ๆ8ๆฅใๅฎฎๅๅนไธๅพก่ๅ ใฎๅพกๆๅบซใซ้ฆๆทณ็ๅใจใจใใซ็งปไฝใใใ
ๅฏฉๅคๅฃใฏใใใชๅคๅฎใซใใๅ่ญฐใงใใงใณในใฎใฐใฉใฆใณใๅดใง่ทณใญใใใผใซใคใณใใฌใผใจๅคๅฎใไธๅกๆใจใใใ่ฉฆๅๅพใใซใผใใฏNPBใจใปใชใผใฐไธกไบๅๅฑใซๆ่ญฐๆใ้ใใNPBใฏไธๅบฆใใงใณในใ่ถใใฆใใใจ่ชคๅฏฉใ่ชใใใใฎใฎ่จ้ฒใๆ็ธพใฎ่จๆญฃใฏไธๅ่กใใชใใจใใใ ใใฎ่ฉฆๅใซๅใฃใฆใใใฐๅบๅณถใฏ70ๅ71ๆ2ๅ๏ผๅ็.496๏ผใ้ช็ฅใฏ70ๅ72ๆ1ๅ๏ผๅ็.493๏ผใงๅบๅณถใ3ไฝใซใชใฃใฆใใใฎใง้ๅธธใซๅคงใใช่ชคๅฏฉใซใชใฃใใ 1975ๅนดใซ้ช็ฅใฟใคใฌใผในใซ็งป็ฑใใใใใใซใผใใฎใใผใ ๅๅชๅใฏๆตใใผใ ใจใใฆ่ฆๅฎใๅฝขใจใชใฃใใใ1980ๅนดใซๅพฉๅธฐใใใใผใ ๅใฎ้ฃ่ฆใป
่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏใใใใซ่จญๅฎใใ๏ผไป่ญทไฟ้บใปๅนด้ฝขใฎๅ ดๅใฏใใใใใชใ้จๅใใใใพใใ ใใใใกใใฃใจใ่ฆ้๏ผใฟใคใ๏ผใชใใๆนใฏใ็บๅ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใงใใ ใใๅชใใใซใๆใใใใไผผๅใชใใใพใใใใๅฏๆใๆดๆใ็ใฆๅฅณๅญๅใ็ฃจใใฆใๆฐใๆนใใใจใใใฎใฏ็ด ๆตใงใใใญใ ใ๏ผใใธใใฌใ๏ผใซใฆๅ้ๅฎถๅบๅ ฑ่ซใไธไบบๆฎใใใใๆ ธๅฎถๆใๅคใ็พไปฃใๆฌๅญฆใฏใ2018ๅนดใซใฏ้ฆ้ฝๅๅใฎใใผใฟใตใคใจใณในๅญฆ้จ๏ผ๏ผใใ2020ๅนดใซใฏๅๅฃซๅพๆ่ชฒ็จใๅซใใใผใฟใตใคใจใณใน็ ็ฉถ็งใ่จญ็ฝฎใใๅคงๅญฆใจใใฆใใใผใฟใตใคใจใณในๅญฆ้จใฎใฟใชใใใไบบๆ็คพไผ็งๅญฆ็ณปใ็ๅญฆ็ณปใๅปๅญฆ็ณปใๅซใใๅ จๅญฆ้จใงใใผใฟใใใจใซไบ่ฑกใ้ฉๅใซๅๆใป
่ชๅใง่ชๅใๆฌบ๏ผใใใ๏ผใใฆๅฑ ใใ่ชๅใฏๅ ถใ้ ่ฝ๏ผใใ๏ผใใ้ ่ฝใใใจใใฆใๆใคใฆ็ใใ่ช็ถใฎๆง่ณชใ้ท็ฃจ๏ผใใใธใ๏ผใใฆๅฑ ใใฎใ ใ็ง่ช่บซใใ่ฉฑใใใใๅๅใฎๅฅณๆงใซไผ็คพใฎๆ็ดใๆฃใ ่จใฃใฆ้่ทใใ็ต้จใใใใๆใฎๅ๏ผใพใ๏ผใซ็ด ๆงใๅ ฌ่จใใฆๆญฉใใฆใใใใใงไบบใซใ็จใใใใไธ๏ผใใใฅ๏ผ่จฑใใใฆๅฑ ใใ็ด ๏ผใใ๏ผใๆณฃ่ ซ๏ผใชใใฏใ๏ผใใ้กใๆใใฆใใใใฆๆๅฑใธๅธฐใคใฆ่ฆใใจใๅฅฅใฎๅบงๆทใซใฏ็จฎใ ๏ผใใพ๏ผโณ๏ผผ๏ผใชไบบใ้ใคใฆๅพใฎไบใ่ชใๅใคใฆๅฑ ใใๅบงๆทใฎๅบใฎ้ใธๅฏใใๅใๆใซใใฆใ่ฎๅคช้ใฎๆญปไฝใฎไธใซใฏๆ ่ก็จใฎ่ถ่ฒใฎ่ๆธ๏ผใฒใใใ๏ผใใใใ้กใฏ็ฝใๅธๅธ๏ผใใณใฑใ๏ผใงๆฉ๏ผใใป๏ผใตใฆใใคใใๆฏใ่ฎๅคช้ใฎๆญปใไธๆพใซๆใธใใฎใงใใใ
“ใใซใปใญใไธญๅฟ้จใฎ้ง ใงๅ่ปไบๆ ใ54ไบบ่ฒ ๅท ในใใคใณ”.
“ๅ็ฉ็ทใในใผใใผ่ฅฒๆใ7ไบบๆญปๅท ใใคใๅ้จ”.ไธๆนใงใๆญปๅทฎๆ็ใซ้ขใใฆใฏ่งฆใใใๆๅธธ็ใซๅฉ็ใ็ใฟใใใ่ฆ็ด ใ้ ๅฟใใฆ้กงๅฎขใซไธๅฉ็ใ่ปขๅซใใฆใใใใจใใๆๆใใชใใใฆใใใ
“ๅฎข่น่ปข่ฆใ๏ผไบบๆญปไบก๏ผๅบๆธฏ็ดๅพใไธๆ่ ๅคๆฐใ-ใคใณใใใทใข”.
ใใฉใใซใผใๆฅๆฌใธ็ดนไปใใไบบ็ฉใจใใฆใ็ฅใใใ็ซๆๅคงๅญฆใซ่ตดไปปใใ็ฟๅนดใฎ1956ๅนดใซใใฉใใซใผใฎใThe Practice of Management ใใ็ฟป่จณใใใ็พไปฃใฎ็ตๅถใใๅบ็ใใๆฅๆฌใฎ็ตๅถ่ ใใกใซๅคงใใชๅฝฑ้ฟใไธใใใใจใจใชใฃใใ
้ซๆ กๆไปฃใใใฏๅๆฌใฎใใจใๆถๆฅต็ใง็ใกใใใงใใใจๆใใคใคใใใไปฅๅคใฏ่ชๅใซไผผใฆใใใจๆใใฆใใใใๅผทใๅฏพๆๆ่ญใจๅท็ๅฟใๆใกใใฒใผใ ๅ ใฎๅๆฌใฎๆฆ่กใซๆๅฟใใใใจใใใใๅๆฅญในใใทใฃใซใงใฏใ็นๅพด็ใงใใฃใๅ้ซชใฎใกใใทใฅใจ้ซช็ตใใใใใฆใใใ ใฒใผใ ใฎๅบ็คใๅๆฌใฎ็ฎใฎๅใงๅๆกใๆฎบใใฆใใใใ้ซๆ กๆไปฃใฎ็ญ้ซชๅงฟใจ้ขจ่ฒใ่ใใ็ฐใชใฃใฆใใใใๅๆฌใฏๅ จใๆฐไปใใชใใฃใใ็ญใ้้ซชใซ่ข็กใใฎ่ป็จใณใผใใ็ใใใณใใฉ้ขจใฎ้ๅนดใธใฃใณใญใผใๆฐ็พๅนดใ็ใใๅฆ็ใ่ผๅคใซใใฃใฆใ่ชๅใๅณถใง็ถ่ฆชใๆฎบใใใใจใไบไปถใ่ตทใใใฆๅณถใซๆฅใใใจใๅๆฌ้ใฎๅใงๆใใใใ
้ณดๆตทใซใใคใใไพ้ ผใใ้ใซใฏใใใชใๅ ฑ้ ฌ๏ผๆฅๅฝ่จ็ฎ๏ผใฎ่ฉฑใๅงใใใปใฉใ ใใใชไธญใ1974ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ49ๅนด๏ผใฎ้่ณๆนๅฎใงใฏใไปใฎ็ง้ใซใฏใชใๅบ็ฏๅฒใชๆฌๅถใญใญ๏ผไธๆก็ฎ่ทฏ็ทใฎๅถๆฅญใญใญๅฒๅขใ๏ผใ่จญๅฎใใ1983ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ58ๅนด๏ผใซใฏๅคงๆ็ง้ใงใฏๅใใฆๅ็ฌใงใฎ้่ณๆนๅฎใ่ชใใใใใ ใใงใฎๅบๆฅไบ๏ผไปฅๆฅใๅณๅ่บซใไธ่ช็ฑใซใชใฃใฆใใใ้ทๆ้ๅฏฟๅธใๆกใ็ถใใใใใใจๅณๆใ้ใใ็็ถใใงใใใจใใใใๆใซไธๅ้้ขใใคใคใๅฏฟๅธ่ทไบบใ็ถใใฆใใใ
ใกใฟใใผในใงๅฑ็คบไผใ้ๅฌใใใซใฏใโ ็ฌ่ชใฎใกใฟใใผใน็ฉบ้ใๅถไฝใใๆนๆณใจโกใกใฟใใผในใใฉใใใใฉใผใ ใไฝฟ็จใใๆนๆณ ใใใใพใใ่ฑๅท้้ใจใฎ็ธไบไนใๅ ฅใ๏ผๅๆนใฎๅ็ทใ็ธไบๅฉ็จใใฆ่ค็ท้่ปข๏ผใ้ๅงใ
ไธปใซไธไบบใณใณใใๆญๅใใใซๆใฎใใฌใๆฅญ็ไบบใใคใกใผใธใใใใใงใใกใง็ด่ๅฑ ใ้ฒใใใใใ่ธในใฟใคใซใๆฐ่ฑกๅบ่ฆณๆธฌๆใฎ่ฆณๆธฌๅคใซๅบใฅใใจใใฑใใใณใฎๆฐๅๅบๅใงใฏใๅๆฉใ้ซๅดใๆฒผ็ฐใไธญไนๆกใไธไป็ฐใๆก็ใชใฉใฎ็ไธไธป่ฆ้ฝๅธใๅซใไธญๅ้จๅฐๅใฎๅคง้จๅใๆธฉๆๆนฟๆฝคๆฐๅใซ้กใใใใ้คจๆๅธใงใฏ2010ๅนดใใ3ๅนด้ฃ็ถใง็ๆๆฅใฎๅนด้ๆฅๆฐใฎๅฝๅ ๆๅคใ่จ้ฒใใฆใใใไธไธไผใใใใฏๅๆตใซใใใ ๆฟๆฒปๆน้ฉใซ็ๆถฏใใใใไธๆจๆญฆๅคซใฎ่ป่ทก
ๆฟๆฒป่จ่ ใฎ่จ้ฒใไบบ้ใฎ็งๅญฆ็คพใ1991ๅนดใ
12ๆ ใๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณใๅคงๆ็ซ็ฝๆตทไธไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใๅไฝตใไบฌ้ช้ปๆฐ้้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใป็คพๅใฎ่ฑ่ช่กจ่จใงใใNihon Short-Wave Broadcasting Co.,Ltd.ใฎ็ฅใ็ฃๆฅญๅปใ้ธไปปใใไบๆฅญ่ ใฏใ็ฃๆฅญๅปใซๅฏพใใๅ็ๅดๅ็ไปคใงๅฎใใใจใใใซใใใๅดๅ่ ใฎๅดๅๆ้ใซ้ขใใๆ ๅ ฑใใฎไปใฎ็ฃๆฅญๅปใๅดๅ่ ใฎๅฅๅบท็ฎก็็ญใ้ฉๅใซ่กใใใใซๅฟ ่ฆใชๆ ๅ ฑใจใใฆๅ็ๅดๅ็ไปคใงๅฎใใใใฎใๆไพใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ๏ผๅดๅๅฎๅ จ่ก็ๆณ็ฌฌ13ๆก4้ ๏ผใใใฎใๆ ๅ ฑใใซใฏใๅฏพ่ฑกๅดๅ่ ใซใคใใฆ1้ฑ้ๅฝใใใฎๅฅๅบท็ฎก็ๆ้ใ40ๆ้ใ่ถ ใใๅ ดๅใซใใใใใฎ่ถ ใใๆ้ใ1ๆๅฝใใ80ๆ้ใ่ถ ใใๅดๅ่ ใฎๆฐๅๅใณๅฝ่ฉฒๅฏพ่ฑกๅดๅ่ ใซไฟใๅฝ่ฉฒ่ถ ใใๆ้ใซ้ขใใๆ ๅ ฑใๅซใพใใ๏ผๅดๅๅฎๅ จ่ก็่ฆๅ็ฌฌ14ๆกใฎ2็ฌฌ1้ ๏ผใ
ๅนๆซใซใชใใจไผ่ฆๅฎฎ้ฆๅฎถ่ฆช็ใฎ็ๅญ้ใ่คๆฐใฎๅฎฎๅทใ็ซใฆใ1889ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป22ๅนด๏ผใซๆฝ่กใใใ็ๅฎคๅ ธ็ฏใซใใใๆฐธไธ็ๆๅถใ็ขบ็ซใใใๅฎฎๅทใฎๅขๆธใ่ตทใใใใใซใชใใ ใพใใๅฃๅญใซ๏ฝขไธๆฒปใฎ็ ๏ฝฃใใใๅ ดๅใๅปๅซกใ่กใใใใ๏ผไพ๏ผไผ่ฆๅฎฎๅฎถใฎ้ฆ่ณ็๏ผใๅฎฎๅท็ถๆฟๅพใซ็บ็ ใใๅ ดๅใฏๅผใๅฅๅจใงใใๅฎฎๅฎถๅญ็ถใฎๆช็ฝฎใฏๅใใใชใใฃใ๏ผไพ๏ผๅฑฑ้ๅฎฎๅฎถใฎๆญฆๅฝฆ็๏ผใ
100่ใฏไธ่ฆใซใใใใชใฎใงใๅ็ปๆฎใฃใฆใฟใใใจ่จใใฎใฏใใใๆๅน็ใชๆๆฎตใงใใ
ๆญๅ63ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅๅบ็บ1ๅท๏ผใๅดไฝฟๅๅฎใฎๅฎใใซใใๅ ๆฌ็ใซ่กใใใจใฏใงใใชใใ
๏ผ.ๆๆบใใใไฟ้บ้ๅถไผ็คพใซใไฟ้บ้ๆปๅฎใงๅฟ ่ฆใชๆ ๅ ฑใฎๅๅพใไฟ้บ้่ซๆฑๆฅญๅใฎใใธใฟใซๅใชใฉใๅซใๅ ๆฌ็ใชๆฅญๅๅน็ๅใตใผใในใๆไพใใพใใ
๏ผ.ใใใใฎ้ฃผใไธปใซใๅ็ฉ็ ้ขใธ้้ขใใใใจใๆ็ดฐๆธใฎใขใใใญใผใ๏ผ่จบ็่จ้ฒ๏ผใ ใใงๅ็ฉใๅฉใใใใใๆ็ดฐๆธใงๅ็ฉใซๅฏไปใๆฉ่ฝใๆไพใใพใใ ๏ผ.ใใใไฟ้บใฎๅ ๅ ฅ่ ใซใใฉใฏใฉใฏใใใไฟ้บ้่ซๆฑใตใผใในใๆไพใใพใใ ใขใใในใงใฏใใฏใใญใธใผใ็ใใใใใใใฎ้ฃผใไธปใซๅฟ ้ ใจใใใใใใๅป็ใตใผใในใในใใผใใฃใผใซๆไพใใฆใใใพใใ
ใใฎๅพ21ๆญณใป26ๆญณใจๅนด้ฝขใ้ใญใใใจใซๆกไปถใๅคๆดใใใจใๅ จๅนด้ฝข่ฃๅใจๆฏในใฆไฟ้บๆใๅฎใใชใไป็ตใฟใงใใ ใใฎๅพ1ๅนด้ไฟ้บใไฝฟใใชใใใฐ็ฟๅนดใซ1็ญ็ดไธใใใพใใใไฟ้บๆใไธ็ชๅฒๅฎใซใชใ20็ญ็ดใซๅฑใใฎใฏๆฏๅนด็กไบๆ ใงใๆ็ญใง32ๆญณใ 20ไปฃใฎไบบใใใคใฌใฏใๅใ้ธในใฐใไฟ้บๆใๅฎใๆใใใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใ้ซใใงใใใใ
ๅค่ฆใฏ้ณฅไนๅฅณใจไผผใฆใใใ 10 6ๆ17ๆฅ ้ญๅฅณไผ่ชฌ!
8 6ๆ3ๆฅ ๅใฎๅฟใซใใจใฉใใฝใญใขใณใฎ็ฌ!
9 6ๆ10ๆฅ ๅคขใฎ12ไฝฟๅพใๅ จๅก้ๅ!็ๅฎคไผ่ญฐ่ญฐๅกใ ใณในใกใผใ ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ – ใใใพใงใใฉใณใๆฏใฎๅฏพ้ขๅผ่ฒฉๅฃฒใๅคใใฃใไธ็ไธญใฎใณในใกใใฃใใฏใใฉใณใใไธๅ ใซ้ใใ็ดๅพใใใพใงใใพใใพใชใใฉใณใใๆฏ่ผใปๆฅ็ตMJ๏ผๆต้ๆฐ่๏ผ (ๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพ): p.
ใใชใฉใคใน – ็ฌ่ชใฎๆน่ฏใซใใใใฟใใณ่ญใๆใใไธ่จ่ฃฝๅใฎๆน่ฏๅใๆผขๆน่ฃฝๅคใป ใใฉใใใใญใณ้ก็ฒ๏ผ่ฃฝ้ ่ฒฉๅฃฒๅ ๏ผใฐใฌใฉใณ่ฃฝ่ฌใ็พใป ใฏใฉใใณ้ ๏ผ่ฃฝ้ ่ฒฉๅฃฒๅ ๏ผใฐใฌใฉใณ่ฃฝ่ฌใ็พใป ใใฎๅพใๆญฆ็ฐ่ฌๅๅทฅๆฅญใจ้บ้บ้บฆ้ ใฎๅๅผไผ็คพใๆญฆ็ฐใญใชใณ้ฃๅใใซ็งป่กใใใใๆญฆ็ฐ่ฌๅๅทฅๆฅญใจใฎๅๅผใ่งฃๆถใใฆใใใฏใใญใชใณใใผใใใใฏใใใใฎ่ฒฉๅฃฒใซ็งป่กใ็ใใใฆใซใซใทใฆใ ๏ผๅพใซๆญฆ็ฐ้ฃๅๅทฅๆฅญใใ็บๅฃฒใ
้ๆ็ทๅ็ ็ฉถๆใฎๆจๅ ็ป่ฑใฏใ็ทๆฅไบๆ ๅฎฃ่จใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใงใ5ๆไธญใซๅไบบๆถ่ฒปใ็ด11.2ๅ ๅๆธใฃใใจๆๆใ็นใซๅๅใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ0ๅใซใใๅ ดๅใฏใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บๆใ้ซใใชใใพใใ้ๆ่ญๅธใฎ็พๅๅใฏใ7-9ๆๆไปฅ้ใฎๆฏๆฐๅๅพฉใฏ็ทฉใใใงใใLๅญๅฝขใซใชใๅ ฌ็ฎใๅคงใใใใจๆๆใใใ 5ๆใฎๅ็ฃไปถๆฐ๏ผ่ฒ ๅต้ก1ๅไธๅไปฅไธ๏ผใฏ300ไปถๅผทใซใจใฉใพใใ1964ๅนดไปฅ้56ๅนดใถใใฎไฝๆฐดๆบใซใชใไบใใใใฃใใ 5ๆ5ๆฅๆฑไบฌๅๅทฅใชใตใผใใซใใใจใๅฝฑ้ฟใซใใๅ็ฃๆฐใ3ๆๆซใฎ25็คพใใ114็คพใซๆฅๅขใใใ
6ไบบใจ่ปไบบ้ใฏใใผใใงๅณถใซไธ้ธใใ็็บ็ฉใไปๆใใๆญฃใซใใฎใจใใใฏใใฅใซใใๅงฟใ็พใใ ใใๆฅ้ๅๅฐใซใฌใคใจๅบใใใใใใชใฎๅใซ็พใใๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ฅไบบใงๅป็้ขไฟ่ ใฎใใชใใใใ่ฆใฏ้ซ้ใงๅณถใใ้ขใใๅฅๅใฎ่ช็ฉบๆฉใๅณถใซๅๅญ็ๅผพใๆไธใใใ ใซใซใคใจใฎๅณถใฏใๆ ธ็ๅผพใซใใฃใฆ็ฒ็ ใใใใๆฅใใง่ป่ฆใพใงๆค้ใใใจใใใงใ้ ้็็ ดใใฏใใฅใซใใๅนใ้ฃใฐใใใใฏใใฅใซใใฏ่็ใๅ็ตๅใๅพฉๆดปใๆใใใๅๅฃซใฏไธๅบฆๅณถใ็็ ดใใใใจใใใๅคฑๆใใใจ่ชใใไปๅบฆใใๆฝฐใใจ่จใใ
ใกใฟใใผในใๆดป็จใใใตใผใในใปๆ่กใไธๅ ใซๅบๅฑใใๆฅๆฌๆๅคง็ดใฎๅฐ้ๅฑใงใใ โATMใฎ่จญ็ฝฎๅ ดๆใใๅฉ็จใงใใใซใผใใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใใฆใฏใใคใชใณๅ ฌๅผใตใคใๅ ใซใใๅบ่ใป ใใฃใจใใใๅๅ ใงใใใซ้ใใชใใๅพๅ ใใฆ้ขจใซไนใใฆ็ซใ็ธฆใฏใชใกใไธๅฎถๆฐไบบๅฐฝใไนใ็ใใๆฎบใใฆๅปใใ
1970ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ45ๅนด๏ผ1ๆ1ๆฅใไธๅณถ้ธใง้ใใใๆฐๅนดไผใงใไธธๅฑฑๆๅฎใไธๅณถใซ้ใๆใใฆใใใจ่จใฃใใๅคง้ช่กใใฎ้ฃ่กๆฉๅ ใงใไปฒไปฃใไธๅณถใซใไฝๅฎถใชใฎใซใฉใใใฆใใใฃใใซใใใฆใใใใงใใ๏ผ ใงใ็ช็ตๆ ๅ ฑใป ใใฎใใกNHK็ทๅใฏใ็ฌฌไธๅ ฑใจๅๆใซใใใฏใใๆฅๆฌใใ7:02ใใใฃใฆๆใกๅใใ10:
15ใพใง็ทๆฅๅ ฑ้็น็ชใๆพ้ใๆๅฎใฎๆฑบๅฎใฏใๆฑ่จผไธๅ ดไผๆฅญใฎๅ ดๅใฏๆฅๆฌๅๅผๆ่ชไธป่ฆๅถๆณไบบใใๅ่จผไธๅ ดไผๆฅญใฎๅ ดๅใฏๅๅคๅฑ่จผๅธๅๅผๆ่ชไธป่ฆๅถใฐใซใผใใใใใใๅฏฉๆปใ่กใฃใไธใงๆฑบๅฎใใใใ
“ใๅ จๅฝๅคงไผๅบๅ ดใฎ็ต้จใใใฌใใทใฃใผใซใชใฃใฆ็ฉบๅใใใใใฉใ่ฒ ใใใซไปๆๆซใฎๅฝ็ซๅคงใฎๅ ฅ่ฉฆใงๅใๅบใๅใใพใ!ใใจใใๅฅณๅญ็ๅพใซ้้ป!”.ไบไบๆดพใซๅๆตร๏ผ โ ๅฟๅธฅไผ๏ผๆไธใป 1953ๅนด8ๆ17ๆฅ – ๅฝ็คพใจACC็คพๆๅๅบ่ณใซใใใๆฅๆฌใฌใใชใผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผใฎใกใซๆฅๆฌใฏใคในใฌใใช-ใใฏใคในใ็ตใฆ็พใป ใใ2017ๅนดใฎๆฅๆฌใฎใใผใ ใฌในใฎๅนณๅๅนด้ฝขใฏ61ใป
ๅคๅบๅฎคใฎๅฎคๆใซใใใฆๅ ฌๅนณๆงใไฟใคใใใซใฏใๅฉ็จ่ ใฎ็ตๆธ็็ถๆณใใตใผใในใฎ่ณชใๅๆ ใใ้ฉๆญฃใช่ฒ ๆ ้กใ่จญๅฎใใชใใใฐใใใพใใใ ใในใใชใณใฏ่ชๅใฎ็ตๅถใใใฏใชใใใฏใฎๆฃ่ ใๆน้ ใใฆใใฉใคใ ใป ใฑใผใใซใ่ฃ ใฃใฆใใญใใงใใตใผXใ็ๆใๆฉๆขฐๅใฆใคใซในใซๆๆใใใไธ้ฃใฎไบไปถใฎ้ฆ่ฌ่ ๏ผใใจใฏในใญใฅใผใทใงใใผใบใป
ๅดๅ่ ใฎๆๆใซๅใใฆๆจฉ้ใๆใใชใ่ ใฎๆๅณใ่กใใใ็ญใซใใๆๅฎ่ณ้็งปๅๆฅญ่ ๅฃๅบงใฎ่ณ้ใไธๆญฃใซๅบ้็ญใใใ้ใซใๅดๅ่ ใซ้ๅคฑใใชใๅ ดๅใซใฏๆๅคฑ้กๅ จ้กใ่ฃๅใใใใใจใๅฃๅบงๆฏ่พผ็ญใ่กใไบๆฅญๅ ดใฎๅดๅ่ ใฎ้ๅๆฐใง็ต็นใใๅดๅ็ตๅ๏ผๅดๅ็ตๅใใชใๅ ดๅใฏๅดๅ่ ใฎ้ๅๆฐใไปฃ่กจใใ่ ๏ผใจใไปฅไธใฎไบ้ ใ่จ่ผใใๆธ้ขใซใใๅๅฎใ็ท ็ตใใใใจใไฝฟ็จ่ ใฏใ่จผๅธ็ทๅๅฃๅบงใธใฎ่ณ้ๆ่พผใฟใ่กใใใจใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใๅฝ่ฉฒ่จผๅธ็ทๅๅฃๅบงใธใฎ่ณ้ๆ่พผใฟใๆฑใใๅดๅ่ ใๅใฏ่จผๅธ็ทๅๅฃๅบงใๅใๆฑใ่จผๅธไผ็คพใใไฟก่จ็ดๆฌพๅใณๆ่ณ็ดๆฌพใฎๅใใๅพใฆใๅฝ่ฉฒ่จผๅธไผ็คพใฎๅฃๅบงใMRFใซใใ้็จใใใ่จผๅธ็ทๅๅฃๅบงใงใใใใจใ็ขบ่ชใฎไธใๆ่พผใฟใ่กใใใฎใจใใใใจใ
ๆญใฏๆฎใๅคงไบบใซใชใ้็จใง่ณใซๅ ฅใใใจใใใใ ใใใใใใพใ้้ใใชใ๏ผไบบใฅใฆใใ็ฅใใชใใ๏ผ่ดใใใจใซใชใใ ใใใ 3ๅใใใใง็ฐกๅใซๅ ฅๅใๅฎไบใใไธๅบฆใซๆๅคง15็คพใฎ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใฎ่ฆ็ฉใใใ็กๆใงๅใใพใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใๅฐ้ไฟ้บใซๆ้กใใใๆใฃใฆใ๏ผๅไฟ้บไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฎๆนๅผใ่จญๅฎๆนๆณใฏ็ฐใชใใพใใไธใฎ่จไบใใใงใใฏใใไฟ้บๆใฎ้ฉๆญฃ็ธๅ ดใ่ชฟในใพใใใ๏ผ
ใใใใ่คๆฐใฎไฟ้บไผ็คพใซๅบๅใใใจใชใใใใชใใซๆ้ฉใชไฟ้บใๆฏ่ผใใฆ่ฆใคใใใใใฎใงไพฟๅฉใงใใ ใใใใใฎใๅฎขใใพใฎ็ถๆณใ่ฆๆใใใฃใใใจ่ใใไธใงใใใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆๆ้ฉใชๆๆกใใใพใใใ ใใๆ้ฉใช่จญๅฎใๅใใใชใๅ ดๅใฏใ็งใใกใฎใใใชไฟ้บใฎใใญใซ็ธ่ซใใฆใใ ใใ๏ผ
็ๅคชใจๆพ้ใ็ณไบไฝๅใซๅบๆผใใใฎใฏไปๅใๅใใฆใๅ ฑๆผ่ ใซใคใใฆใฏใๆพ้ใใใจใฏ็ด20ๅนดใถใใ็ๅคชๅใจๆพๅใใใจใฏ็ด10ๅนดใถใใซใ่ๅฑ ใใใใฆใใใ ใใใจใใใใจใงๆฌๅฝใซๆฅฝใใฟใซใใฆใใฆใใชใใ ใ็ถใใฆใใใฆใใใใใฃใฆใไปไบใใงใใ็ฐๅขใใใฃใฆใจใฆใๅนธใใ ใชใฃใฆใใใฎใใใใใใฆๆใใชใใๆฎๅฝฑใใใฆใใๆฅใ ใงใใใใจๆใใใใ ใพใ่ฉฑใ่ใ้ใใไบฌๆฅฝ้้ทใๆฏๆใ็จๅบฆใซๅงใใ้ฃฒใฟไผใงใ้ฉๅฝใซๅๅ ่ ใๅใฃใฆๅๆใซ้ใใฆใใใคใใใใใ ใใฉใๅนธๅคช้ใฏ่ทๅ ดใฎๅ ้จไธใงใใใใ็พๅจใฏ่ชๅใฎไธๅธใจใชใฃใฆใใใใใ ใ ใใๆฅใ็็ดใฏใใญใใผใบใใใใจใๆไบบใฎๅ ต้ ญๅนธๅคช้๏ผ็ๅคช๏ผใๅฎถใซ้ฃใใฆใใใ
ๆฅๆฌๆฐ้ๆพ้้ฃ็ใๆฅๆฌๆฐ้ๆพ้ๅนด้2021ใใณใผใฑใณๅบ็ใ2021ๅนด12ๆ10ๆฅใ332้ ใๆฅๆฌๆฐ้ๆพ้้ฃ็ใๆฅๆฌๆฐ้ๆพ้ๅนด้’92ใใณใผใฑใณๅบ็ใ1992ๅนด11ๆใ269้ ใๆฅๆฌๆฐ้ๆพ้้ฃ็ใๆฅๆฌๆฐ้ๆพ้ๅนด้2016ใใณใผใฑใณๅบ็ใ2016ๅนด11ๆ25ๆฅใ314้ ใๆฅๆฌๆฐ้ๆพ้้ฃ็ใๆฅๆฌๆฐ้ๆพ้ๅนด้2003ใใณใผใฑใณๅบ็ใ2003ๅนด11ๆใ290้ ใๆฅๅในใใผใ๏ผ2020ๅนด3ๆ9ๆฅไฝๆ๏ผ.ๆคใฃใๅๅฝฆใฏ้ๅญใซๆด่จใๅใใใ่ป่ฝขใ็กใใใฆ็ตๅฉใใใๆขๅญใฏใๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅฟใๆดใใใจๆฏๆฅๅผๅฝใๆไฝใใ้ๆณๅฎ ใซๅฑใใใ
ๅฏฟๆฐธใฎไนฑใจๅนณๆฐๆฟๆจฉใฎๆป ไบกใ้ๅๅนๅบใฎๆ็ซใๆฟไน ใฎไนฑใๅทๆจฉๆฟๆฒปใฎๅงใพใใๅฏๅ 4ๅนด๏ผ1246ๅนด๏ผใฎๅฎฎ้จๅใจ็ฟๅนดใฎๅฎๆฒปๅๆฆใๅพๅฎๆฏ้ ใฎ็ขบ็ซใชใฉใงใใใๆบๆฐไธไปฃ่จไปฅ้ใฎไธปไบบๅ ฌใฏใๅๆกๅพๅฎๅฎถใงใใใ ใๅๆกๆฌใใฎ็ฎ้ฒใฏใใปใผๅๅๆๆไปฃใซ้ๆฒขๆๅบซใงไฝใใใใจ่ฆใใใใใใใฎๆฎต้ใงๆขใซใๅพๅฆป้กใใฎๆฃ้ธใๅงใพใฃใฆใใใๅฎค็บๆไปฃใซใฏๆขใซๆใใฎๅฎๆฌใฎๅฝขใงใฏไผใใใใใๆญ็็ใชๆๅบๆฌใๆฐๅนดๅใฎ้ถๆฌใฎๅฝขใงไผใใใฎใฟใงใใฃใใจๆจๆธฌใใใฆใใใ
ใใใ่ใจใใฆใฎๆๅใฎ็ต้จใงใใฃใใ็พๅจใใใพใใพใชใธใฃใณใซใฎ็ทจ้ใใใๅใใ่ป้ข้ฃใฎใชใฆใณใใกใใฃใขใ่ปใฎ็จ้ใซ้ขใใใณใณใใณใใชใฉใฎ็ทจ้็ต้จใ็ใใใใฉใคใฟใผใจใใฆ่ปใฎ้ญ ๅใป 7ๆ – ้ฃ็ตๅญไผ็คพใ้ใใฆใKorea Technology Investment Corporation๏ผ้ๅฝ๏ผใฎ่ฟฝๅ ๅๅพใๆฅ็ซ่ฃฝไฝๆ้ฃๅใใ่ชฟ้ใใใใจใๆฑบๅฎใใใ ใใฌใผใทใขใฎๅ ดๅใฏๅฝๅถไผๆฅญใๆฌกใ ใจๆฐๅถๅใใใใ
ๅญฆ่กใ่ธ่กใ็ตๅถ็ญใฎๅฐ้ๅฎถใๅฏพ่ฑกใงใใใ้ซๅบฆๅฐ้่ทใจใใๅ้กใใใใพใใ่จชๅ็่ญทSTใใ็่ญทๅธซ6ๅฒไปฅไธใใฎไบบๅก่ฆไปถ่จญใใใชใๅฐ้่ทใซใใ้ ปๅ่จชๅๆๅถใธ-็คพไฟๅฏฉใปๅคงๆฅๆฌๅธๅฝๆฒๆณใฎๆฅๆฌใงใฏๆญปไบกไฟ้บใจๅผใฐใใฆใใใใพใๅพดๅ ตๅถๅบฆใซไผดใๅพดๅ ตไฟ้บใๅญๅจใใ๏ผ็ฌฌไธๅพดๅ ตใๅฏๅฝๅพดๅ ตใๆฅๆฌๅพดๅ ตไฟ้บใๅฝ่ฏๅพดๅ ตใชใฉใฎๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผใ
โผๅฐ็ฐๅๆฉๆฃ3้ใฎ้ญๆฒณๅฒธ้ฃๅ ใซใฏใ้ณฅ่คใใๅ ฅใฃใฆใใพใใไธๆธใใใฎไธก่ฆชใๆธกใใใซ้ซๆฉใใใงใใฐใใใ่ฅๅฐพๆๅญใใใๅพณ้ใใใฎไธก่ฆชใ่ฅฟ้ท่ผๅฝฆใใใซๆพๅๆ ถๅญใใใจใๅบๆผ่ ใ่ฑช่ฏใชใฎใงๆฎ้ใฎๅฎถใใใชใใใฉใใฐใใใฆ้ข็ฝใใฆๆๅพใซๆๅใจใใ่ฉฑใซใชใไบๆใใใพใใ็ตๅฉๅใซใ็ๆณใฎ็ทๆงๅใฏใ้ทๅ ็ๅคชๅญๅพณไป่ฆช็๏ผๅฝๆ๏ผใใจ็บ่จใใใใจใใใใ็ๅ็๏ผ็ถๅธใป ใใใใใๆฏ๏ผใใ๏ผใฏใพใๆฏ้๏ผใใใ๏ผใใฎๅพก่ฉฑใงใใ–ใใจ่ฎๅคช้ใฏๅพฎ็ฌ๏ผใปใใ๏ผใใงใใใฒใใคใจใใใจใๅใๅใฎๆนใพใงๅบๆใใฆ่กใใใ็ฅใใพใใใ
ๆจใฟใๅ็ธฎใใใ็ๆใใซใใใผใฏใๅคฉ็ถใฎใใฟใใณ๏ผฅใ่ฑๅฏใซๅซใ็ฌ่ชใฎใใฌใณใใชใคใซใใตใฏใใจ้ฆใฐใใ็น่ฃฝใใณ็ฒใไฝฟ็จใใๆพใฎใ่ชๆ ขใฎ็ๆฟใกใใฅใผใ็่ๆฌๆฅใฎๆจๅณใจๆใใใใไฟใกใ็น่ฃฝใฟใฌใง็ ฎ็ซใฆไปไธใใๆพๅฑใฎ็ๆฟๅๅใ “ใใกใฟใใค 4DxZEROG ใขใซใใฃใกใใใใผใใกใณใใ็บๅฃฒใจG๏ผใคใใณใinๅ ญๆฌๆจ”.
2013ๅนดใฎ1ๅนด้ใงใๆฅๆฌใงใฎใใใใใณใญใณใฐไธๆญฃ้้ใฎ่ขซๅฎณ็ท้กใฏ็ด14ๅๅใงใใใ ใคใพใใๆฌกใฎ่ซธ่ฆ็ด ใๅกซ่ฃ้ๅบฆ้กๅคๆดไฟๆฐใซๅฝฑ้ฟใๅใผใใฎใงใใใ้ฉ็จใซใใใฃใฆใฏใใใใ่ซธ่ฆ็ด ใไฝฟ็จใใๅกซ่ฃ้ๅบฆ้กๅคๆดไฟๆฐใซไธใใๅฝฑ้ฟใ่ๆ ฎใใฆใไฟฎๆญฃใ่กใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใ
ๅฐไธ้จ้็จใฎไฝ้ซๅบฆ้ฒ็ฉบ็จๆฉ้ข็ ฒใจใใฆ็จใใใใใ่ช็ฉบๆฉ้ข็ ฒใ่ฆ่ใป้ๅผพ – ็ ฒๅผพใ่ฌๅฎคๅพๆนใซ้ ็ฝฎใใใใ้ๆพ –
ๆ็บๅพใ่ฌๅฎคใ้ๆพใใใๆฅๆฌใซใใใฆใฏใ้็บๆใฎใณใผใใใผใ ใใใใณ่ฃฝๅๅใงใใใใซใซใณ๏ผVulcan๏ผใญใผใ็ฅ่ฉฑใซ็ปๅ ดใใ็ซ็ฅใ ใใใใใใฎๅข่ณใฏๅๆใซๆฝๅจ็ใชๆ ชๅผๅธ่ใฎ่ฆๅ ใงใใใฃใใๆ็ตๆดๆฐ 2023ๅนด10ๆ31ๆฅ (็ซ) 08:
59 ๏ผๆฅๆใฏๅไบบ่จญๅฎใงๆช่จญๅฎใชใใฐUTC๏ผใ็ฌฌ2ใทใชใผใบ็ฌฌ6่ฉฑใซใฆ็ซใจ้ผไบบใซไน ็พๅญใๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใฎๅญซใ ใจใใใใจใใใฌใ้ใซใฏๅฝผๅฅณใใ่ฑๅฝขใฎใฆใค๏ผๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅบงใจ็งฐใใฆ๏ผใจ็งฐใใใใ
ๅ ฅๅฝ็ฎก็ๅฑใงๅฏพๅคใจใฎ้ขใใใ่ทๅใจใใใชใใถใผใใผใ 2020ๅนดใใใใๅงใพใฃใๆฐ่ช็ฑไธป็พฉ็ตๆธใฎๆญชใฟใซใใ่ฒงๅฏใฎๅทฎใฎๆกๅคงใๅๅ ใงๅซ็ใป่ถๅจใๅผๅฏใใ็ก้ ไฝใซๅ ฅใใฆใๆฟใ็ฑใใใคใไบไบบใฎๅฎขใซใๅงใใ่ชๅใไบฆ่ถๆคใๅฃๅ๏ผใใกใณใ๏ผใซๆผๅฎ๏ผใใใ๏ผใฆไน๏ผใชใ๏ผใใ้ฆ๏ผใใ๏ผใฐใใ็๏ผใใถ๏ผใใใ่ถใฎ่ใฎใซใปใฒใๅ ใใง่ฆใใจใๆฅใซๆฐๅใๆธ ใ ใใใ ใใใฆไธๆพใฏ่ถๆคใไธใซ็ฝฎใใฆใๅฏบไฝใฎๆฐใใ็ต้จใ่ชใๅงใใใ ใใจไธๆพใฏ่จ่ใ็ถใใงใใ็ฌฌไธใ้ผ ใฎๅคใใซใฏๅใ้ฉใใใ
ๅฅณๆงใฏๅ จไฝ็ใซๆธๅฐใใพใใใใใ่ฃฝๅใปไบๆฌกใพใงใฎๅบๆฅๅ ทๅใงใปใจใใฉๆฑบใพใฃใฆใใใใใซใๆใใใปใฉใ็ฐกๆ็ใช้ขๆฅใ ใฃใใ ใฐใใใใถใคใณ่ณใฎใคใณใฟใผใณใงๅญฆใใ ใใจใ3ใคใใใใใใฆใใใใ็ใใใใ่ชๅใฎไฝๅใ็ฎๆฌกใฟใใใซใใฆใใใผใใใฉใชใชใฎใฏใใใซใใใใใใใใใใใใญใใจ่ฆใฆใใใ ใใๆนใ ใซใ่จใฃใฆใใใ ใใพใใใ “ๅฑฑๅฏบๅฎไธใ2ๅบฆ็ฎใฎ้ขๅฉๅพๅใฎๅ ฌใฎๅ ดใง”่ช่” 1ๅบฆ็ฎใฏๅฏใใใฆๆฑไบฌใฟใฏใผใใๆฏๆฅใฟใฆใใใ”.
ใทใใใใฅใใฃ (2018ๅนด10ๆ3ๆฅ). 2020ๅนด1ๆ31ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆ ็ป.com.
2019ๅนด10ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ไธๅฎใฎใฌใใซไปฅไธใซ้ใใใจใๆญปใใงใใฌใใซใใฆใณใใฆ่ใใ็ใพใใฆใใใซ็ถ่ฆชใฎไปไบใฎ้ฝๅใงๅ ตๅบซ็ใฎ่ฆๅฑใธ็งปใใ็บ็ใใชใๅ ดๅ
ใป ใ็คพไผ็ฆ็ฅใปใใใผใ๏ผๅนด2ๅๅ๏ผ๏ผใใพใใพใช็ฆ็ฅ็ช็ตใๆฑใ็ฆ็ฅ็ทๅ้่ชใ ใใญๆฃ็ใงไปๆฐๅนดๆฅ็ถใใฆใใใใฌใณใใๅๆ ใใๅฏพๅฑใใพใใฏใใฎใใฌใณใใซใใๅบ็คใฎ้ง็ตใฟใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎไบๆ ่ฒ ๆ ้กใจใใใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใใใใซใใใฐใใใฎใ่ฟทใใพใใใญใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅบๆฌใซใคใใฆใฏไปฅไธใฎ่จไบใง็ดนไปใใฆใใพใใไป่ญทไฟ้บใซใใๅฅๅบทไฟ้บใจๅๆงใซ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใๆใใใ้ซ้กไป่ญทใตใผใใน่ฒปใใจใใๅถๅบฆใใใใ
ใไฝ็จ๏ผใฉใฎใใใ๏ผใพใๅ ่ฒดใใๅใฎ็บใซๅฟ้ ใใฆๅฑ ใใใฎใ ใใไฟบใ่ฅใๆใฏใๅ ๏ผใ๏ผใๅ ่ฒดใจๅงๅฉใใฆใๆฒ๏ผใชใ๏ผใใใใใๆณฃใใใใใใใใใใฎใ ใใไปใจใชใคใฆ่ใธใฆ่ฆใใจใ่ฆชๅ ๅผ็จ้ฃๆ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใใใฎใฏ็กใใใใๅ ่ฒดใซๅฅใใใฎใฏใใคใๆชใ ๆจๆฅใฎใใใซใใๆใฏใใญใใใชใใไปฎไปค๏ผใใจใฒ๏ผไธ็ไธญใฎไบบใ่ฆๆพใใฆใใ่ฆชๅ ๅผใฏๆจใฆใญใใใใชใใ โ – ๆฟไปคๆๅฎ้ฝๅธ / โ – ๅธ /
โ – ็บใปๅใใใ้ซ้ฝข็คพไผใใจใใ่จใๆนใซใใใ้ซ้ฝข่ ใใธใฎๅพฎๅฆใชๅฆๅฎๆๆ ๏ผใจใคใธใบใ ๏ผใๅซใพใใฆใใใฎใงใฏใชใใใ่จชๅไป่ญทๅ ฑ้ ฌใฎๅผใไธใใๆคๅใใๅฝใฎ่ฒฌไปปใงไป่ญท่ทๅก็ขบไฟใๆฑใใ็ฝฒๅใฏใๅคใใฎๆนใ ใฎใๅๅใง6ๆ14ๆฅใซๅๅด็ใธ็ด35000็ญใๆๅบใใไบๆฅญๆใฎ่ฆใใ็พ็ถใไป่ญท่ทๅกใ่ถณใใชใใชใใๅฟ ่ฆใชไป่ญทใๅใใใใชใใชใๅฉ็จ่ ใฎไธๅฎใชใฉใๅๅด็ใซ่จดใใพใใใ
๏ผ็ฌ๏ผใ้ฃๅ ่กใธใ ใใใใใใฏๅธๅ ดใงๅใไบบใฎใใใฎ้ฃๅ ใใใฃใฑใใใใพใใ็ฏๅฐๅ ดๅ ใซใฏๆตท้ฎฎใป ใจใฏใใใใใใใฏ้ ใ้ฃฒใใงใฏๅท้ใใๅคฑใฃใฆใใฎใๆใใใใใฆๅฎถใฎ็กๅญใๅฒใฃใใใๅฎถๅ ใซๆฎดใๆใใฃใใใใใฆใใพใใใ “ไฝณๅญใใพใ้ณฅๅ็ใ่จชๅ22ๆฅใซ้ซๆ ก็ใฎๆ่ฉฑๅ จๅฝๅคงไผ”.
1983 ๅคง้้ๅญใปๅคงๅญฆใงใฎๅฐๆปใฏใใธใฅใขใซใใถใคใณใชใใงใใใไปฅๅใใ่ๅณใฎใใฃใๅปบ็ฏๅ้ใฎๅฏฉๆปใซๆบใใใใจใงใๅปบ็ฏใฎ็ซฏใฃใใๆดใใใใใช็ต้จใใงใใชใใใชใจๆใฃใฆๅธๆใใพใใใ
ใใฎ็ตๆใๆฆ็ฝใฎๅทใใใพใ ็ใใชใ1948ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ23ๅนด๏ผใซใฏ็ฌฌไธๆฌกใฎๆๅงๅทฅไบใๅฎๆใใๆฐๅฒ้๏ผ็พใปๅไฝต่ฉฑใๆใกไธใใฃใๆ็นใงใฏใ้ธไธไบค้ไบๆฅญ่ชฟๆดๆณใๆฆๆ็ซๆณใฎๅฝๅฎถ็ทๅๅกๆณใๆงๆณๆฎต้ใงใใฃใใใๅฝๅฐใฎไบค้ไบๆฅญใๅ็ทจใป
ใพใใLoppiใตใผใในใซใคใใฆใฏใๆฑบๆธๆๆฎตใซไธ้จๅถ้ใใใใ ใตใผใฏใซๆดปๅใจใใฆใฏใๆ ็ปๅถไฝใตใผใฏใซใงใใ็ซๆSPP๏ผใปใณใใปๅฐฑ่ทๆดปๅใฎๆๆใซใชใฃใฆใๅฐๆฅใฏๅฝ้ๆฏๆด็ณปใซ่กใใฎใใใใจใๆฐ้ใซ่กใใฎใใ่ใใใจใใ็งใฏไบบใ ใ่ชใใ้ใ็จผใใใธใในใจใใฆ่ช็ซใใไป็ตใฟใฅใใใซ่ๅณใใใใจๆใใๆฐ้ไผๆฅญใซๅฐฑ่ทใใใใจใซใใใใงใใ ใใฉใณใจใทใผใฉใฏไบใใซ็ธๆใฎ่ถณใๅผใฃๅผตใฃใฆ็ ด้ใซใใใใจๅฅฎ้ใใใใๆ่ใ่กๅใไผผใฆใใๅฝผๅฅณใใกใฏ้ชจ่ฃๅ ใฎใขใธใใซใใใฆๅใใใใใจใงๆฝๅ ฅใใใในๅ ฑใ ๆ็ธใใใ
BSEใซใใ็ฑณๅฝ็ฃ็่่ผธๅ ฅๅๆญขใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใใๅ็ งใ้ซ้กใชๅจๅฎ ๅป็ใใไปใฎใจใใ้ซ้กใชใพใพๅญ็ถใ่จฑใใใฆใใใฎใฏใใใใๆๆฅๅป็ใทในใใ ใฎ่ฒ ๆ ใ่ปฝๆธใใๅ ฅ้ขๅป็่ฒปใๅๆธใใๆฃ่ ใฎQOLใจQODใซใใฉใคในใฌในใชไพกๅคใใใใใใฆใใใฏใใใจๆใฃใฆใใใใฆใใใใใงใฏใชใใงใใใใใไผ่ค้ๆ
ๆฑไบฌๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ข็ตๆธๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็งๆๆ ใๅ ๆฌ็ทฉๅใใซใคใณใใฌ็ฎๆจใ่ฟฝๅ ใใใใคใคใขใณใใป
ใใใใๆนๅคใๅใใ้่ๅบใฏ2006ๅนด9ๆ15ๆฅใไฟ้บไผ็คพๅใณ็ๅฝไฟ้บๅไผใซๅฏพใใฆใๆถ่ฒป่ ๅฃไฝไฟก็จ็ๅฝไฟ้บใฎๅ ๅ ฅใฎ้ใซใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใงใใๅตๅ่ ใซๅฏพใใใใใใใ่ชฌๆใใใใจใใไฟ้บ้ๆฏๆใๆใฎ้บๆใธใฎ็ขบ่ชใฎๆนๆณใชใฉใๅณๆ ผใซ่กใใใๆๅฐใใใ ใใใใไฟ้บ้ๆฏๆใใซใใใฆใฏๅปบ็ฉใฎๆไพก้กใๅบๆบใจใชใใใใๅ จๆใฎๅ ดๅใงใใไฟ้บ้้กใๆบ้กใงๆฏๆใใใใๆธ้กใใใไพใ่ฆใใใใ
Very descriptive blog, I loved that bit. Will there be a
part 2?
NISAๅฃๅบงใฎ้่จญใๆฟ่ชใใใชใใฃใๅ ดๅใๅฝ่ฉฒNISAๅฃๅบงใง่ฒทใไปใใไธๅ ดๆ ชๅผ็ญใฏๅฝๅใใ่ชฒ็จๅฃๅบงใง่ฒทใไปใใใใฎใจใใฆๅใๆฑใใใ่ฒทใไปใใไธๅ ดๆ ชๅผ็ญใใ็ใใ้ ๅฝๆๅพใใใณ่ญฒๆธกๆๅพ็ญใซใคใใฆใฏใ้กๅใใฆ่ชฒ็จใใใพใใ NISAโผๅบงๅปโฝๅพใNISAโผๅบงใฎใๅฉโฝคใๅธๆใใใๅ ดๅใฏใๆนใใฆ้่ชฒ็จโผๅบงใฎ้่จญ็ณ่พผใใ้กใใใใใพใใ ใNISAใๆ้ทๆ่ณๆ ใจใคใฟใใฆๆ่ณๆ ใฎไธ้้กๅ่จใฏ360ไธๅใงใใใ360ไธๅใไธๆฌใงๆ่ณใใใใจใใงใใพใใใ
่ฑ็ใใกใใชใผในใใทใฃใซ ใใฉใ็ตๅฉๅผๅ ด
่ฑๅซไปๆทปไบบใใใ10ใใคใดใฎ็ตๅฉๅผใป่ฑ็ใใกใใชใผในใใทใฃใซ ใใฉใ็ตๅฉๅผๅ ด ่ฑๅซไปๆทปไบบใใใ2ใใใใคใค!่ฑ็ใใกใใชใผในใใทใฃใซ
ใใฉใ็ตๅฉๅผๅ ด ่ฑๅซไปๆทปไบบใใใ7ใใใฃ่ฑๅฉฟใๆฅใชใ!
FNN้ธๆ็น็ช’96 ้ธๆใฎ้ไบบ ็ฆใ!ๅฅจๅฑไผๅกใงใฏใชใใขใใใฅใขๆๆฎต่ ใฎๅฐๅนดๅฐๅฅณใใๅๅ ใใฆใใใชใผใฐใ
1989ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆๅ ๅนด๏ผ12ๆ18ๆฅใซๆฑ่จผๆ ชไพกๆๆฐ๏ผTOPIX๏ผใๆ้ซๅคใใคใใๅพใๆฅๆฌ้่กใซใใ้่ๅผใ็ท ใใธใฎ่ปขๆใจใไธๅ็ฃ้่ใซๅฏพใใ็ท้่ฆๅถใซใใๆฟๅบใฎๅฐไพกไธๆใซๅฏพใใๆๅถๆฟ็ญใซใใฃใฆใใใซๆฏๆฐใๅดฉๅฃใใใ
ไธญใซใฏ้ ฌใฎ็ด ๏ผใใ๏ผใใ็ผไปใฎๆใใใๅญใใใคใฆใๆฎ้ใฎๅฎถใฎๅฐไพใจไบๅฐ๏ผใใใ๏ผใ็ธ้ใฎ็กใใฎใใใใๅฝผ็จ๏ผใใใปใฉ๏ผๅญฆๅใ็กใใฆใๅฝผ็จ่ตๆธใฎๅคใใใฎใ้ฎฎๅฐ๏ผใใใช๏ผใใใใใจใฏๆฏ็้๏ผใใฎใใใใ๏ผใงใฎไธใค่ฉฑใซๆใคใฆๅฑ ใใ่ใฏ่จใฃใใใ่ฒดๅใฏๅญฆๅใง่บซใ็ซใฆใไธญๅคฎใฎๆๅปทใงๅฎใซๅฐฑใใฆใใใไธญใซใฏๅใๅใใใๆ้๏ผใใใ๏ผใใใใฉใ่ฆใฆใๆฅ่ญ่ ใฎๅญใใใใฎใใใใๆฐๅนณๆฐใฎๅญใใใใฎใใไธใคๅ ซใคใ้ ญ๏ผใใใ๏ผใซใใฆใไฝใใใใใใใฎ้ใณใงใใใฆใๅ ถๅกใฎๅคใซ็พคใ้ใคใฆๅฑ ใใๆ พๆทฑใไธใซใ่ๆ ๅฟใฎๅผทใ็ทใงใ้ใฎๅใงๆใใใจใชใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใชไบใงใใใฆใไฝๅ๏ผใฉใใ๏ผใใฆใ็ดณๅฃซใใฎๅฐ็งฐใๅพใใใจๆใคใฆๅฑ ใ็จใ
ๅ จไฝใฎใใไบใใใใคใๆฐใซ้ฃใใชใใๅ จๅฝ็ด3ไธไบบ่ถ ใฎใชใใฌใผใฟใผใ้็จใใฆใใใๆฅญ็ๅ ใซใใใฆๆๅคง่ฆๆจกใงใใใๅฝ็ช็ตใซใใใไป็คพๆพ้ๅ ๅฎนใฎ็กๆญๅผ็จใซใคใใฆ๏ฝใใใใ๏ฝใใใญใ๏ผ ใๆพ้ไธญๆญขใๆฑบๅฎใใตใผใใใ2011ๅนด3ๆ14ๆฅใ ใใธใใน่กใฎใฉใณใใฟใคใ ใซใใใใใฏใทใงใใใณใฐใฎ้ไธญใซ็ซใกๅฏใใพใใใ 10ๆ1ๆฅ – ๆๆ ชไผ็คพไฝๅถใธใฎ็งป่กใซไผดใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅ้ๅฎถใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใธใซๅๅทๅคๆดใ ใกใฟใใผในๅฑ็คบไผใจใฏใใคใณใฟใผใใใไธใฎ3ๆฌกๅ ไปฎๆณ็ฉบ้ใง้ๅฌใใใๅฑ็คบไผใฎใใจใงใใ ใใใฆใๅจใฎๅชใใ่งฃใใใใซใๅใ่ฒธใใฆใปใใใจใใใชใฎๅใใๅดใฎไบบ้ใซๅฏพใใฆๅฃฐใใใใพใใ 2022ๅนด10ๆ9ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใๅฅ็ดๆใซๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใใใจใงใไฟ้บๆ่ฒ ๆ ใฎ่ปฝๆธใใงใใพใใ
ๆๆท๏ผใฆใฐใใ๏ผใๅ ถใๆบใฎไธใธๆผ่พผใใง่ฆใใใใพใๅๅบใใฆใๆผๅ ฅใฎๅ ใฎๆใ้ ใฎๆนใธ้ ่ฝ๏ผใใ๏ผใใใใซใใใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใใใตๆจๆถใ่ต่ฃใฎไธๅบงๆทใงๅไบคใใฆใใใใฆไธๆพใฏไบ้ใฎ้จๅฑใฎๆนใธๅฎขใๅฐใใฆ่กใคใใ ใใพใใๅพกๆทไธใใใๅฝๅฎถๅ ฌๅๅกใงใใๅ ดๅใๆฟๅ ใธใฎๅๅ ใๆฟๆฒปๆดปๅใ้ธๆใธใฎ็ซๅ่ฃใฏ็ฆๆญขใใใฆใใใใๆฐๅถๅใใใๅพใฏใใฎๅถ็ดใๅใใใใจใฏ็กใใ ใๆ กๅไผๅฅจๅญฆ้ใใๆ กๅไผๅคๅฝไบบ็ๅญฆ็ๅฅจๅญฆ้ใใชใฉใฎๅ็จฎๅฅจๅญฆ้ใซใใๅญฆ็ๆฏๆดใใไฝ่ฒไผๆดปๅๅฅจๅฑ้ใใ้ใใฆๅคงๅญฆใธใฎๆฏๆดใ็ฉๆฅต็ใซ่กใฃใฆใใใ
ไพใใฐใใๅฝผใฏไปไบใใงใใฆไธใคไบบๆ ผ่ ใงใใใใจใใฆใๆ็ซ ใจใใฆใฏๅ้กใใใพใใใใใใๅผท่ชฟใใใชใใฐใๅฐไธใคใใซใใฆใฟใพใใใใ ใๅฝผใฏไปไบใใงใใฆๅฐไธใคไบบๆ ผ่ ใงใใใใจใใๅ ดๅใใๅฐไธใคใใฎๅพใใซใใใไบบๆ ผ่ ใงใใใใจใใ้จๅใใใๅผท่ชฟใใใใไปไบใใงใใฆใๆดใซไบบๆ ผ่ ใงใใใใจใใๆๅณๅใใซใชใใพใใ ใไธใคใใใๆดใซใใใใใฎไธใใจใใๅฅใฎไบๆใไปใๅ ใใๆๅณใง็จใใใจใใใๅฐไธใคใใจใใใใจใงใใฎๅ ๅฎนใใใๅผท่ชฟใใใใจใใงใใพใใ ใไฝตใใฆใใฏ”ๅๆใซ”ใจใใๆๅณใงใใใใใไบๆใซๅ ใใฆๅๆใซไฝใใ่กใใใจใ่กจใใจใใซไฝฟ็จใใพใใ ใใใ้ใณไธใคใใๅญฆใถใใจ็จใใๅ ดๅใใ้ใณใใจใๅญฆใณใใจใ็ธๅใใๅ ๅฎนใงใฏใใใพใใใใไธใคใใง็นใใใจใงใใฉใกใใใๅใใใใซ่กใใใฆใใใใจใ่กจ็พใใพใใ ใไธใคใใใAไธใคBใใจๅๅพใใคใชใใงไธใคใฎๆ็ซ ใจใใไฝฟใๆนใซๅฏพใใใไฝตใใฆใใฏใใAไฝตใใฆBใใจใใไฝฟ็จๆนๆณใงใฏใชใใ็ฌ็ซใใๅฅใฎๆ็ซ ใจใใฆ่กจ่จใใพใใ
ใพใใๅคง่ฆๆจกใชๅฑ็คบไผใงใใใใใใใๆขใใไธ่ฆงใใๆขใใใปใใใผ้ ไฟกไธ่ฆงใใๆขใใจใใฃใ่ชๅใฎใใผใบใซๅใใใฆใ็ฎ็ใฎใใผในใซ่ฟทใใใจใชใใใฉใ็ใใใชใฉๅฉไพฟๆงใๅใใฃใฆใใพใใๅฐๆฃ็ใงใฏ่ช็บ็ใชๅผ้ใฎไปใซใ่ฆๅฎใซใใๅผ้ใใใใๅฐๆฃใฎๆฃๆฆๅฏพๅฑใฎ่งฃ่ชฌ็จใฎๅฐๆฃ็คใงใใใใไฝฟ็จใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใใใจใๅคง็ค่งฃ่ชฌใจๅผใถใไธ่ฌ็ใซใฏใใใใฆใใๅ็ฌใงๅฏ่ฉใจใใฆ็จใใใใจใฏใชใใใๅฐๆฃ็ใงใฏใ่งฃ่ชฌใฎๆ็ซ ใงใๅ่จใฎๆใฎใจใใใงไปใฎๅ่ฃๆใจใใฆใใใใใใฎไธไพใๆใใใชใใฐใใจใใๆๅณใฎ็็ฅ็ใช่กจ็พใจใใฆใๅฏ่ฉ็ใซใใใใฆใใ็จใใไบบใใใใ
ใใใใๆใใใใใจใใชใใใฐใๆช้ญใ็กใใ ใใใชใใจใๆช้ญใไธ่ชใ่ณใใใใจใๅบๆฅใชใใไปใซใใฎๆช้ญใซๅฐ่กใใใใใใใใใซใไปใงใใใชใซใใใใใๆฐๆใกๆชใใใจใ้ฐใง่จใใใใใจใใใใ ใใใใไปๅบฆใฏใฟใซใใใใใ ใไธๅบฆๅญฆๆ กใงๅฎฟ็ดใฎๆฉใฎใใจใงใใใ ใพใใๆง็ฏใใ็ฉบ้ใซใใฃใฆใฏ1ใค็ฎใฎๆนๆณใใใใกใใฃใขใใใฎๆณจ็ฎๅบฆใ้ซใใคใใณใใซใชใใใใใใพใใใ ใๅใ็ไธๅๆณใฃใฆ็ฅใฃใฆใ๏ผ ใใใซใใ้ซ้ซไปฅไธใฎไพกๅคใฏใชใใงใใใใ ใพใ ไฝใใงใใ็ฉ๏ผใคใใ๏ผใงใใใฎใฏใๅญไธใฎๆฒๆฑฐใงใใ ใใใใฏใใพใ็ฌใจใใใไธปๅฝนๆ ผใง็ฎ็ซใค่ฏใใใจใ็กใใ ใๆฐไธปๅ ใฎๆฟๆจฉๆฟ็ญ Manifesto2009ใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆฐไธปๅ ใ2009ๅนดใ 1996ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ8ๅนด๏ผ9ๆ28ๆฅ – 10ๆ10ๆฅใ ใใซใฌใชใขใป
ใพใ็นๅฅไฝฟ็จ่จฑ่ซพใๅใใฐใใใใผใฟใผใไฝฟ็จๅฏ่ฝใงใใใผในใใฌใคใซใผๆฆใงใฏ่กๅ่ชฒใฎ้ขใ ใซๆฏ็ตฆใใใใๅฝผใใฎ็ฏ็ฝชไฟๆฐใฎๆธฌๅฎใซใฏๅคๅ็ใฎ่จฑๅฏใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใใใใผใฟใผใๅใใฆใ”ERROR”ใจ่กจ็คบใใใๅคๅ็ใฎ่จฑๅฏใๆฑใใใกใใปใผใธใ็บใใใใใฎใฟใจใชใฃใฆใใใ่จ้ฒใใใใจใง็ฏ็ฝชใๆช็ถใซ้ฒใใไบบ้ใฎๆ้ฉใช็ใๆนใๅฐใใใจใใใใ้่ผธใป ใใซใใใฐใๅ่ฉใฎๅไบบใใกใฏใกใใทๅฐๆน๏ผ็พๅจใฎๆ นๅฎคๆน้ข๏ผใฎใขใคใใใจใฉใใณใฎๆฏ็ฎใ้ทฒใฎ็พฝใชใฉใฎไบคๆใ่กใฃใฆใใใ
“. PR TIMES. 2023ๅนด5ๆ28ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2019ๅนด5ๆ5ๆฅ. 2020ๅนด8ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใๅๅฑๅใใใๅพกๅ็ฃใๅฐฑใใฆใฏๆฅใๅไธๆใฎไธๆฅใๅคฉ้ท็ฏใฎๅผใฎๆธใใ ๅพ๏ผใใจ๏ผใใใฎ่ๅใชๆ่ฒ่ ใฎ็บใซ่ถ่ฉฑไผใ้ใใใใจ่จๅบใใใ ใใไบบใฏ็ดใฎ่ขใซๅฐใใๅ๏ผใพใ๏ผใฎ้่ฒจใ้ณดใใใฆ่ฆใใใใไบบใฏ้ขจๅๆทใซๅ ใใง้ใใใใซๆใใฆ่ฆใใใใๅฅณๆๅธซใฏๅใๆตท่่ถ่ขด๏ผใใณใกใใฐใใพ๏ผใฎ็ด๏ผใฒใ๏ผใฎไธใใๆซ๏ผใช๏ผใงใใไบบ็ฅใใๅพฎ็ฌใใง่ฆใใฎใงใใคใใ ใใใ๏ผ๏ผผใ้ ่ฒจใๆฒขๅฑฑๅใใใญใใ ใจ้ไนๅฉใฎๅใซใใไบๅ้ญใฅใๅฐใใ้ ่ฒจใๅนพๆฌใไธฆในใฆใๅคใซ้่ฒจใฎๅ ใจ็ดๅนฃ๏ผใใค๏ผใจใๆทปใธใฆๅบใใใ
“ใคใบใๅตๆฅญ่ ใฎๅฑฑ่ฅฟ็พฉๆฟๆฐใๆญปๅปใ97ๆญณ”.
“ใใใใ่จผๅธใ้ๆฅญ ้ณฅๅใๅณถๆ นใซ4ๆฏๅบ”.ๅคงๅญฆใฏ50ๅนดใ100ๅนดใจใใฃใ้ทๆ็่ฆ้ใง่ใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใๆฟๅไฟไนใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ
ใใฌใคใธใณใฐใทใฃใใฆใ็ฌฌ4ๅทปใKADOKAWAใ2016ๅนด11ๆ26ๆฅใ35้ ใ ใใฎๆฉไฝๅใฏใ1/35 UCใใผใใฐใฉใ ้ธๆฆๅใฌใณใใ ๅฐไธๆฆใปใใใใซๆบใใใใฎใงใใใใใซใผใใในใใขใใซใใฏใผใบใใฎใซใผใใซใใใฆใฏใ้ธๆฆ็จ้็ฃๅ่ฉฆไฝใฌใณใใ (ใธใ ้ ญ)ใใฎๅผ็งฐใ็จใใใใฆใใใ 3็จฎ้กใฎๅฒๅผๅถๅบฆใใๅฅ็ด่ ใ็กๆใงๅฉ็จใงใใ็ฃๅปๅธซ็ธ่ซใตใผใในใ็จๆใใใฆใใใฎใใใใฌใจใญใใฎไฟ้บใใฎ้ญ ๅใงใใ่ฒฏ่ใซไฝ่ฃใใชใใใฐไฟ้บๆใจใฎใใฉใณในใ่ฆใฆใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใไฝใ่จญๅฎใใใจใใใงใใใใ
12ๆ1ๆฅ๏ผ่ช็ฉบ่ช่ก้่ฃ็ตฆๆฌ้จใๅๆกๅบๅฐใธ็งป่ปขใๆทๅฐๅ ใซๅผพ้ใใตใคใซๆปๆๅฏพๅฆ็จใใใชใชใใPAC-3ใฎๅฑ้ๅบ็คใๆดๅใใใฆใใใ็ฉบ่ชไธญ้จ้ซๅฐ็พคใๅ้ฃ้๏ผ็ฌฌ1้ซๅฐ้ๅธใถ่ฐทๅ้ฃ็ญ๏ผใๅธธ้งใใๅฏพๅฟใใฆใใใ้ๅน ใฏ1.5่ป็ท็จๅบฆใงใใซใผใใๅคใ่ฆ้ใใๆชใใ ใๆฅๆฌใฎๅคงๅ่ใจ็คพไผๅบ็คใฎ็บๅฑใซ่ฒข็ฎใใใ – ใๆฅๆฌใฎๅคงๅ่ใใฏๆฑๆตท้ๆฐๅนน็ทใจใชใใขไธญๅคฎๆฐๅนน็ทใซใใ้ซ้ๅคง้ๆ ๅฎข่ผธ้ใใใ็คพไผๅบ็คใใฏๅๅคๅฑใป
4ๆ14ๆฅ – ๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใซไผดใ็ฆๅณถ็ฌฌไธๅๅญๅ็บ้ปๆไบๆ ๅพใฎ็ด1้ฑ้ใงๅ้ๅฎถใงๅใ้ฆ้ฝๅใฎๅคๅฝไบบใขใซใใคใ็ด200ไบบใ้่ทใใใใจใๆใใใซใใใ้ขๆฑๅฐๅบ่ชฟใน๏ผใ่จ้ฒใใใๅฝๆๅๅฐๅบใฏๅฏใใ็ฃๆฅญๅฐๅบใงใใฃใใใ้ฃๅทฅไบใซใใๅตฉใใ ้็บ่ฒปใซ่ตทๅ ใใ้ซ้กใช่ณ่ฒธๆใซ็ดๅพใใใขใกใชใซไผๆฅญใใชใใใใฎใใใซๆฅๆฌไผๆฅญใๅง่ชใใใใจใใใ ใใใใไปใๆฅๆฌใงใฏๅนด้๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผไบบไปฅไธใฎไบบใ ใๅๅใๅคใใฆใใพใใ ใใพๆฅๆฌใฏใๅนด้4000ไบบไปฅไธใฎไบบใ ใๅๅใๅคใใฆใใใ
็ฟ1991ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ3ๅนด๏ผ10ๆ23ๆฅใ็ๅญๅ ่ฆช็ใ่ช็ใ 2016ๅนด4ๆใใใฉใณในใไธญๅฟใซใคใฟใชใขใปๆ่ณๅฎถไบๅ่ปใฎ่ฒๆใธใใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผF
Ventures LLPใ2017ๅนด4ๆ5ๆฅใ ใคใณใฟใผใณใซๅๅ ใใ็็ฑใจใใฆใใๆฌ้ธ่ใงๆๅฉใซใชใใใใใจ่ใใไบบใๅคใใฎใงใฏใชใใงใใใใใ
ใใฎใใๆ้ใๆๆ็พฉใซไฝฟใใใใซใใไปใใ่งฃ่ชฌใใใ2ๅนด็ใง้ทๆใคใณใฟใผใณใซๅๅ ใใ้ใฎไผๆฅญ้ธใณใฎ4ใคใฎใใคใณใใใๆผใใใฆใใใพใใใใ ใคใณใฟใผใณใฎๅนๆ็ใชๆขใๆน8้ธใๅญฆๅนดๅฅใง่งฃ่ชฌ๏ผ
“็ฌฌ21ๅ๏ผ2002ๅนดๅบฆ๏ผ ๅ็ฐ้ฆๅญ่ณ”. “ๆฅๆฌใใในๅไผๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ – ใใฅใผใธใขใ :ไผ้ใๆพๅฒกใใใในๆฐไธไปฃใฎ็ปๅ ด”.
ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ UCใใงใฏใไธ็ทใใ้ใใๆงๅผๅๆฉไฝใจใใฆใใชใณใใณๅบๅฐใซ้ ๅใใใฆใใใใใใซๆงๅผใฎMSใงๆงๆใใใใใชใป ใRPGใใฌใธใณใ1999ๅนด1ๆๅทๆฒ่ผใฎ่ชญ่ ๅๅ ๅใใผใใซใใผใฏRPGใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ฮใฎ้ผๅใใซใฏใ็ฐใชใ่ฃ ๅใฎใใใขๆนใใจๅผใฐใใๆฉไฝใ็ปๅ ดใใ๏ผๅๅผ็ชๅท๏ผMSA-003N๏ผใ
ใใฎใใณ๏ผฐ๏ผง๏ผฆ็ๅฝใฏใๅ ้ฃๅบใๅฎใใใๅฎถๆใฎๆฅใ๏ผ2024ๅนด11ๆ17ๆฅ๏ผๆฅ๏ผ๏ผใซใกใชใฟใ้ซ้ฝขใฎ่ฆชใใใๅญใฉใใซใใใจใชใฎ่ฆชๅญใใฎ็ๆดปใซใคใใฆ่ใใใจใใใๅคๆงใช็ๆดปๅฎๆ ใ็ๆดปๆ่ญใๅฃ้่ฆใใ็ตๆใจใชใใพใใใๅฎฎๅ ๅบใใผใ ใใผใธใๆฒไป่ฆช็ๅฆไน ๅญๆฎฟไธใฎ่ขซ็ฝๅฐใปๅฏก้ปใงไธ่ฆๆใใๅจๅฒใซไบบใ้ใพใๅดใซๆงใๅผๅญๅ ฅใใใใในใ้จใซๅบๅ ฅใใใๅ ใซใใซใใฎๆญฃไฝใ็ฅใไบใซใ
ไธๅซ็ธๆใฎไบ้ขๅฉๅฝฆใจใฎไบค้ใซๆฉใฟใๅฏ่ฏ้ใฎไบ้ใใกใ้ ผใฃใฆๅๅฑ ใใใใใซใชใใๅฎถไบใๅผใๅใใฆใใใ ใใผใใซใใฃใฆไธกๅฝ้ขไฟใฏไฟฎๅพฉไธ่ฝใซใชใใๆฅๆฌใใคใฎใชในใใชใฉใณใใใขใกใชใซใจใฎ้ๆฆใซ่ฟฝใ่พผใใ ใๅๅบๅ ๅณถ๏ผๆฏๆฅๅคง้ชไผ้คจๅ ๏ผใซใใฃใ็ป่จไธๆฌๅบๆฉ่ฝใจๅน็ฐๅธใฎๅ้ไธๆพ้ใปใณใฟใผใฎๆฉ่ฝใฎไธ้จใ็งป่ปขใป
“Mobile Suit”. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ
ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ. “Mobile Suit-ใขใใซในใผใ-“. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
“World”. ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ ๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ.
“ๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบ MSV”.
“ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบใไธๆฅๆใปๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ้่กใฎใชใซใใงใณใบใฎ2015ๅนด10ๆ25ๆฅใฎใใคใผใใ2017ๅนด1ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2017ๅนด4ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใใ ใใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใจๅฃฐๅชใฎ้ใซ็ธ้ขๆงใๆง็ฏใใใใฎ็ตใณใคใใใใๅฝนๅฒใๆใใๅชไปใจใใฆใใใใพใงใฏๅฃฐใๆใๅคงใใชๅฝนๅฒใๆใใใฆใใใใ2007ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ19ๅนด๏ผใฎใใทใญใผใใชใฉใๅพใซใกใใฃใขใใใฏในใๅฑ้ใใไผๆฅญใ่จญ็ซใใใฆไปฅ้ใฏใใใซ้ฒใใงใใขใใกใใณใณใใฅใผใฟใฒใผใ ไฝๅใใฎใใฎๅไฝใง่กใใใใฎใงใฏใชใใไฝๅใซ้ขใใใคใใณใๅบๆผ๏ผ้กๅบใ๏ผใใฉใธใชใชใฉใฎ่ฆ็ด ใ่ฒใ ็จใใฆ็ตใณใคใใ่กใชใใใฆใใใ “ใญใใฆใใๆๅคใฟใค่จ้ฒใฎไปฃ่กจ196่ฉฆๅๅบๅ ด ใซใฟใผใซWๆฏ”.ไพใใฐ่ฑๆฑๅคๆจนใๆ็ฐๆบๅใฎใใฃใณใใซใฏ็ป้ฒ่ ๆฐใๆฐ็พไธไบบใ่ถ ใใฆใใใปใฉไบบๆฐใๅใใ ใใใชๅบ่บซ่ ใซๆผซ็ปๅฎถใใขใคใใซใจใใฆๆดปๅใใ่พป็พๅชใ่ฑๆฟ้ๆใซใใขใในใใใใกใใทใงใณใขใใซใชใฉใฎๆดปๅใใใๅ ฅๆฑ้บป่กฃๅญใๆใใใใใ
ใใฎใใใช็ถๆณไธใๆฑๆตท้้ปๆฐ้้ใฎๅต่จญ่ ใงใใใใใคใฆๆ็ฅ้ปๆฐ้้ใฎ2ไปฃ็ฎ็คพ้ทใๅใใ็ฆๆพคๆกไป๏ผ็ฆๆพค่ซญๅใฎๅจๅฉฟ๏ผใฏใๆ็ฅ้ปๆฐ้้ใซๅฏพใใฆๆๆธๅไฝตใ็ณใๅ ฅใใๆ็ฅ้ปๆฐ้้ๅดใใใใๆฟ่ซพใใๆฑๆตท้้ปๆฐ้้ใฏๆ้ปใซๅธๅๅไฝตใใใใ “ไธ้ใฎ็ฉบๆฐใซ่ฒ ใใใซๅนดๆซๅนดๅงใซ้ ๅผตใใใใใใฟใใชใใๅฑใใ”ๅ้จใซๅใใๆฑบๆใฎ่จ่”ใๅฎฃ่จใกใคใใใๆ้ใฎ้ใ็ดนไป! ใจใผใซใ้ใฃใฆใใใ!”.
ใใใๆ ๅ ฑใ้ซๅๅฎฎๅฎถใฎ้ทๅฅณใปๅฎถๆใจใฎ้ขไฟใฏไธๆใ ใใ็ฅๅฅชใใ่ฒกๅฎใฎ้บ็ฃใ็ฎก็ใใฆใใใๅณไฝๅพใ็ๆใงใใงใใ่ปไบ่จ็ทดใจใใฆๅฏไธญๅคๅผๆณณๆณๅคงไผใ่ๆกใใใ ๏ผๆๅพใฎๅผใใใใใฆใใใๅใฐใใใซใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใใฐX-MENใซไธใใใใจใๅญใใใใดใฃใฉใณใงใใใชใใใใผใญใผใจใใฆใฎๅด้ขใๆฟใใ JANICใงใฎใคใณใฟใผใณๆดปๅใงใฏใNGOใ ใใงใชใๅฝ้ๅๅใซ้ขใใๆงใ ใชใขใฏใฟใผใซใคใใฆใ็ฅใใใจใใงใใๅฟ ใ่ชๅใฎๅฝ้ๅๅใฎ่ฆ้ใๅบใใใจๆใใฎใงใ่ๅณใฎใใๆนใฏใใฒๆๆฆใใฆใฟใฆใใ ใใ๏ผ
ใจใใต่ฎๅคช้ใฎ่จ่ใซๆฐใใคใใฆใไธๆพใฏไธ้งใฎๆญฏใฎ็๏ผใใจ๏ผใๆปๆถใใฆไบ๏ผใใพ๏ผใคใใ ใฉใใใใใจใไธๆพใฏ่ชๅใฎๆฅๅไธ้งใฎๆญฏใงใไนพใใๅใฎไธใซไฝใ็ป๏ผใ๏ผใๅใใใ็ดฐๅใฏๅคงๆ่จใฎไธใซ่ ฐๆใใฆ่ซ็ถ๏ผใฐใใใ๏ผใจ็บใๆฒใใงๅฑ ใใๅผ่ญทๅฃซใฏไบบใ ใฎ้ใใใกใใกใจๆญฉใใฆๅฑ ใใไธๆพใฏ่ฎๅคช้ใฎๅใ้ขใใชใใงใๆฏใใใฆๅฅใใๆๅพใฎๆใพใงใ่ชๅใฎ็ๆ ใ้ใใใใ่ธไธญใซๆบใก๏ผ๏ผผใฆๅฑ ใใ็ๅฃใฎๆญดๅฒใใฆใใใฉใผใ ใฎๅค้ทใฎ็ฏใซใใใใใใซใ1952ๅนดใใ1953ๅนดใฎ2ๅนด้ใฏใฆใใใฉใผใ ใฎๅทฆ่ข้จๅใซใใใญใฉใผใฎใญใดใใผใฏใๅ ฅใฃใฆใใใๅ็ณ่ ใฏ่ ๅไฟฎ้ท๏ผ้ซ่พปไฟฎ้ท๏ผ๏ผๆฃฎ้ดๅคใๆ ถๆใ๏ผใๅ ๅท่ใใๆน้กๆฐ็ใๅ ๅท้่ฆงใ๏ผ่ฌ่ซ็คพๅญฆ่กๆๅบซใ2019ๅนด๏ผใp.308ใ๏ผใ้ดๅคๅ จ้ ็ฌฌไบๅๅทปใ๏ผๅฒฉๆณขๆธๅบใ1973ๅนด๏ผใp.426ใใ
ใใคใฆใฏใLISMO WAVEใงใ้ ไฟกๅฐๅๅถ้ใใชใใฃใใ้ ้จ็กฌ็ดใใใใจใใฏใใฎๅใใจใจใใซๆตๆใใฟใใใๅๅฑใฏๅถ้ใใ้ ้จใซ็ใฟใใฏใใใ ใพใใๆฌไฝใซไปใใฆใใใญใใใขใณใใใฏใฏใณใปใฐ๏ผๅฐใใธ๏ผๅฐ็จใงใใใใใFMใๆฌไฝๅ ่ตในใใผใซใผใง่ดใๅ ดๅใฏไปๅฑใฎๅธ็คไปFMใขใณใใ็ทใๅค้จใขใณใใ็ซฏๅญใซๆฅ็ถ๏ผๅฐใใธใจใฎๆททๅๅ ฅๅใ้ฃใซใใใคใคใใณ็ซฏๅญใธใฎๆฐดๆปดไพตๅ ฅใ้ฒใ้ฒๆฐดใญใฃใใไปใใใฎๅ ดๅใฏ็ซฏๅญใๅกใใใใใคใคใใณใป
่ฅฟ็ซฏๅผฅ็๏ผ็ซๆใฏใคใในใใทใฃใซ็ – 1994ๅนด5ๆ29ๆฅ๏ผ – ็ฃไผใฎใใไผๆฅญใใใใใใฎใพใพ่ธ่ฝ็ใๅผ้ใใใ็พๅจใฏ็พฝ็ฐ็ฉบๆธฏใๆ็ฐ็ฉบๆธฏใ้ข่ฅฟ็ฉบๆธฏใธๆฏๆฅ้่ชใใฆใใใ้ฒ่ก็ใๅๆ้ฎฎใฎใใตใคใซ็บๅฐใซๅฏพใใ่ช่ก้ใฎ่ฟๆใๅฏ่ฝใจใใในใใ็จฒ็ฐๆ็พ้ฒ่กๅคง่ฃใซใใ็ ดๅฃๆช็ฝฎๅฝไปคใ็บไปคใๆฌ็ฐใฏFIFA้ธๅฎใฎใฐใซใผใใชใผใฐใในใใคใฌใใณใซใขใณใใฌในใป ใใฃใฌใณใธใฃใผไธๆญฃ่งฃใฎใใใซใใฃใฏๅ้กใฎในใซใผใจใชใใใๅ้กใฏ8ๅ้ๅฎใฎใใใใใฃใฌใณใธใฃใผใ5ๅ่ฝใจใใฆใใพใฃใๆ็นใงๆๅใจใชใใ
ไธๆนใไธญๅฐๅฐๅทใกใผใซใผใฏ็ตๅถๆชๅใซ่ฆใใใงใใๅ็ฃใใใกใผใซใผใๅบใฆใใฆใใใ็งใๆใใ็็ถฟใใใใฏใใใผใซ่ข็ใชใๆฏ่ฆใใใใฏใใฏใฃใใใใๅซๆชใงใฏใชใใๅๆงๆใฃใฆไฝใๆฐๆใกๆชใใชใใจ้ ๅใใซๆ็ตถใใใฆใใใขใคใขใคๆใใใใใใฎใ ใฃใใ ใใใฆใ85ๆญณใพใง้ท็ใใใไบบใฎๅ ดๅใๅๆงใฎๆๅใไป่ญทใไบกใใชใๅใซๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใๅฒๅใฏ75%ใซไธใใ้ใฎ้ฟใๅๅฑใฎๆญใๅทฑใ้งใฃใฆใๆฃฎใฎไธญใ้ใฎใปใจใใธ่กใใใใๅทฑใฎ็ฅท๏ผใใฎใ๏ผใฏ็ฑใใๅ็จ๏ผใใ ใใ๏ผใงใใฃใใ ใใฎๅฃฐใไปๅทฑใ็๏ผใใ๏ผใซๅผใณๆปใใใฎใ ใๅทฑใฎใใใซๆฐใใไธ็ใๆถๅบใใใใซๆใฃใใ ใใฎๅข็ใธใฏๅทฑใฏๆขใฆ้ๅ ฅใใใจใฏๅชใใฌใ ใใใซKEENใทใฅใผใบใใชใขใซใซๅ็พใใ3Dใขใใซใๅฑ็คบใใๆฐใซๅ ฅใฃใๅๅใฏใKEENๅ ฌๅผใชใณใฉใคใณในใใขใธ้ท็งปใใฆ่ณผๅ ฅใใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใจใชใฃใฆใใใใคใใผใทใใงๆฅฝใใใกใฟใใผในใงใKEENใฎไธ็ใๆฅฝใใใใ
ใใใใญใฃใณใตใผCH120FSใฎใฆใฃใผใซใจใใใ ใใใผใฏใฎใกใฟใซใฆใฃใผใซใจSFใซๅคๆดใใไธ้จใใผใใฎ่ฒใๅคๆดใใฆใใผในใฟใผใจใใฆๅ็บๅฃฒใ 1956ๅนด7ๆ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅ ซ็พๅๅๅบใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅ ซ็พๅ้ฃๅใใใผใใซๅๅทๅคๆดใ ใMetaverse tipsใใฏๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใชใใญใใฏในใใ้ๅถใใฆใใพใใ ใขใใก็ฌฌ58่ฉฑใใ็ปๅ ดใ ใขใใก็ฌฌ5่ฉฑใใ็ปๅ ดใ ใขใใก็ฌฌ28่ฉฑใใ็ปๅ ดใ ใขใใก็ฌฌ96่ฉฑใใ็ปๅ ดใๅๅ ด็ใซ็ปๅ ดใใไปใใฒใผใ ใ็็ฅในใตใใช่ฅฒๆฅ!
ใใใใไบบๅฃใฎ้ซ้ฝขๅใฏๆดใซ้ฒใฟใ็ฆ็ฅใฎ้ฉ็จ็ฏๅฒใๆธใใใใซใใใใใใใพใใใ่ฒกๆฟไธ็ ด็ถปใใใๅพๆฅ่ไบบ็ฆ็ฅๆณใ่ไบบไฟๅฅๆณใฎ็ฎก่ฝใงใใฃใไป่ญท้จ้ใๅฅใฎ่ฒกๆบใง่กใใใจใซใใใ
2013ๅนด5ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2015ๅนด8ๆ7ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 1964ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ39ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ29ๆฅใซใฏๅฒไธ็ญๅฎๅ ็ซ ๅ็ซ ใๅ ฌ่ณ็ญใฎๆฅ้๏ผ่กๅนธๅ๏ผๅคๅฝใ่จชๅใชใฉ็ๅฎคใฎๅ ฌ็ใๆดปๅ็ญใซๅฟ ่ฆใช็ต่ฒป๏ผ็ๅฎค็จ่ฒก็ฃใฎ็ฎก็ใซๅฟ ่ฆใช็ต่ฒป๏ผ็ๅฑ ็ญใฎๆฝ่จญใฎๆดๅใซๅฟ ่ฆใช็ต่ฒปใชใฉใง๏ผๅนณๆ28ๅนดๅบฆใฏ๏ผ55ๅ4,558ไธๅใ 1990ๅนดใซๆฅๆฌ็็ๅฒไธๅใฎใขใซใใใผใใซใผใใขใซใใใผใใใใใซๅ ฑๅๅฝใซ้่จญใใใ้่จญ5ๅนดๅพใใกใใซๆฅๆฌใซ้ใๅบใใใใจใ็ฎๆจใจใใใ ใชใผใฐๅใจใชใ2ๅนด้ฃ็ถๆฅๆฌไธใ้ๆใใใ
ใใใจใใผใ ใฏ1979ๅนดใซๅใฎๆฅๆฌไธใ็ฟ1980ๅนดใซใฏๅทจไบบไปฅๅคใงใฏใปใป
ใใใใใๆ ใชใใใจใซใฏใไปใฎๅฎถๅ ใใใใใใ่งฃใคใฆๅฑ ใฆๅใใใจใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใซใงใใใฆ่ฆชๅญใงใใคใฆ่กใใใชใใใจใๆใใพใใจๆใตใใใฉใ็พใซ็ๅพไธไบบใซใใๆไฝใใฆๅฑ ใใจใใใธใใพใใๅฟไฟใฎๅฅดใ้ฃ่พผใใงๆฅใฆ่ฆ็ตฆใธ–ๅฐๅบ๏ผใจใฆใ๏ผไปใฎๅฎถๅ ใจไธ็ทใซๅฑ ใใใใใใขใ็กใใไธๆฆ่ฎ่ฏๅฏบใฎๅจใจๆใคใไปฅไธใฏใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใช่พใใใจใใใใใจๆฑบใใฆๅฎถ๏ผใใก๏ผใธๅธฐใใชใๆ่ฝๅฎ็ฟใฎใ88่ท็จฎ161ไฝๆฅญใใซๅฏพใใ่ฒๆๅฐฑๅดใฏใ็นๅฎๆ่ฝใจๅไธๅ้ใใงใใ็ฌฌไธใๅ ซไบบใฎ่ฆชๅญใๅฅไฝใใฆ้ฃใธใใใ็ฌฌ103ๅ้ขๆฑใคใณใซใฌใซใใใฆใฏใ็ทๅญใใใฉใใฏ็ทๅๅชๅใใใชใฉใ็ญ่ท้ขใป
ใคใณใฐๅคงไผใใซๅฉใฃไบบๅบๅ ดใใๅๆ กใๅๅฉใซๅฐใใ ใชใณใฉใคใณๅฑ็คบไผใฎๅๆ่ฒป็จใฏ๏ผ 1ๅนดๅพใซ่ชๅฎ ใๆน่ฃ ใใฆๅฐๅ ใฎ้ฃๆใๆดป็จใใ้ฃๅ ใใใใฐใใกใใฉใใฉใใใ้ๅบใๅฏพ่ฉฑๅAIใฎๆดป็จใใฏใJapanStepๅ ฌๅผnoteใงใ่จไบใซใใฆใใพใใๆๆไบใซใฏ็ใใใใง็พ็ทใฎ้ฝๆใธใฎๆณใใซใฏๆฐใฅใใฆใชใใฃใใ้ไธญ่ถณใ็ใใใๆฑบๅใง่ณข็งใไธใ่ฆไบไธ้ฃ่ฆใๆใใใใ่ณขไธใฎๅฆปใ่ณข็งใ่ฏๅญใๆขๅญใๆญๅญใฎๆฏใ ใพใใใตใณใปใใใใผใฌใผๅบๅ ใงใฎๆใๅญใฎใฉใคใใใ่ณข็งใ้ ฉ้ ใใฆๆดใใใใจใซใใใถใกๅฃใใๆคๆ จใๆ็ตๅญฆๆญดใฏไธญๅใงใ่ฉๆฌบๅธซใไธ็ใใฃใฆใใใใฉใใใผใใใใจๆฉใใงใใใใไปใซใใใใจใใชใใฎใง็ถใซๅพใฃใฆ็ใใฆใใใ
“ๆฐ็่ณๆใฎ็ดนไปใณใผใใผ ็ฌฌ21ๅใ็ฅๆธๅคงๅญฆๆตทไบๅ็ฉ้คจใ”.ๆฅๆฌใงใฏใๅ่ฟฐใฎใใใซ่นๅกๆณ็ฌฌ12ๆกใง่น้ทใฎๆๅพ้ข่นใใๅๆณ123ๆกใง็ฝฐๅ่ฆๅฎใๅฎใใใใฆใใๆณ็ใช็พฉๅใจใใฆๅฎ็ใใฆใใใๆตทๅฐใฎ้็ดใฎไฝ็ฝฎไปใใใๅ็ ง๏ผใ่ฑ่ชใฎ Captain ใฏใ่ฆ้ท๏ผๆตท่ปๅฃซๅฎใฎ่ทๅ๏ผใใจใๆตท่ปๅคงไฝ๏ผๆตท่ปๅฃซๅฎใฎ้็ด๏ผใใฎไธกๆนใๆใใใใๆททๅใ็ใๅพใใ่ฆ้ทใฏใๆณไปค็ญใฎๅฎใใใจใใใซใใใไธ็ดๆๆฎๅฎใฎๅฝใซๅพใใๅฏ้ทไปฅไธไนๅกใๆๆฎ็ตฑ็ใใ่ฆๅๅ จ่ฌใ็ตฑๆฌใใๅฟ ๅฎใซใใฎ่ท่ฒฌใๅ จใใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ
ใๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชไธ็ญไบบ็จฎใฎไธญใใใๅ ใซ่งๆๆณ็ใธ้ ญใๅบใใใชใใฆใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใใฆใ็งใซใฏๅ ถ็็ฑใ่งฃใใชใใๅฝผใฎๅ ็ใ้ท้ใซๅฑ ใๆๅใ้ท้ใฎๆนใงใๅ ๏ผใจ๏ผใซ่ง๏ผใใ๏ผๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใใตไบบใ็ฉขๅคใฎไธญใใๅบใใใฎใฏๅ่ชใ ใจ่จใคใฆใ่ฌ็ฟใซ้ ผใใ ใใใงใใๅ ถๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชใใจใ้ข็ฝใใชใใฆ้ท้ใๅปใใใใซใชใคใใใชใใฆ–ใพใใๅธซ็ฏๆ กใ่พ๏ผใ๏ผใใฆใใใๅฝผใฎๅ ็ใๅๅผทใใใใงใใใ ใใ ใคใฆใๅใๅทฆๆง๏ผใใ๏ผ้๏ผใใจ๏ผใใใๅคใซ่ใธๆงใฏ็กใใขใใชใใ–ๅฏๆฐๅนณๆฐใ็พใใๆๆณใๆใคใจใฏๆใฏใใชใใขใใชใใ–ใฏใใใใใๆฏใใใต่ฉฑใ้ไนๅฉใจๆๅนณใจใ็บใใฆๅฑ ใ้ใไธๆพใฏ้ปใคใฆใๆด็๏ผใฉใณใ๏ผใฎ็ซใ็่ฆ๏ผใฟใค๏ผใใฆๅฑ ใใๅฆใชไบบ็ฉใๆฐๅนณๆฐใชใใฎไธญใใ้ฃๅบใใใใฎใงใใชใใ
็ถ่ญฒใใฎใฎใฃใณใใซๅฅฝใใซ้ขใใฆใฏ้บป้ๆๅฅฝๅฎถใจใใฆใๆๅใงใใTHEใใใDEใใณใใซใใณใใณๅบๆผใใฆใใใ็ช่ปๅใจใฏ็ช่ป้กใฎๅ็ณใงใ้ๅธธใซๅฐใใชๅญใๅคๆฐๆใคๅฝข็ถใใใฆใใใ่ฒใฎๅ ใจใชใ็ฉ่ณชใ้ๅณ็ฉ่ณชใ้ฆใ็ฉ่ณชใใใ็จๅบฆ้คๅปใใใ ใใ่ฒจ็ฉ๏ผใใใใฎ๏ผใซ่ฆใจใใฆใใใ ใใใฆใใฃใใจๅทฑใฎ่้ใซใใฆ่ฒฐใใใใ ใใใฏๅคฉไธ้็จใฎ้ฃๆนใ ใ ใใฉใดใณใฏใจในใXใใฌใคใคใผๅฐ็จใตใคใ.
ในใฏใฆใงใขใป ใๅฎขๆงใซๅฎๅฟใใฆใๆบ่ถณใใฆใใใ ใใใใ็ฒพไธๆฏใตใผใในใซๅใใใใฆใใใ ใใพใใ
ๅฝ้็ใชไบบๆ็ฒๅพ็ซถไบใๆฟๅใใไธญใๅคๅฝไบบๅดๅ่ ใๅผใณ่พผใใใจใไธป็ผใงใใ่ฒๆๅฐฑๅดใซใใใไบบๆ่ฒๆ็ฎ็ใใๆ่ฝๅฎ็ฟใฎใใใชใๆฏๅฝ็บๅฑใฎใใใใจใใ็ถบ้บไบใงใฏใชใใๆฅๆฌใฎ็นๅฎๆ่ฝ1ๅทใซ็งป่กๅฏ่ฝใชไบบๆ็ขบไฟใๆ็ขบๅใใฆใใพใใ 1ๅนด้ใฎ็ ไฟฎใงใฏใ็ ไฟฎ้ๅงๅพ6ใๆ้็จๅบฆ๏ผๅ่จ525ๆ้ไปฅไธใฎๅคๅใ็ฎๅฎ๏ผใฎๅฝๅ ๆฅญๅใซๅพไบใใๅพใๅธๆใใใฐๆ้ท3ใๆ้ใฎๆตทๅค็ ไฟฎใฎๆฉไผใๅพใใใพใใ
ใงใๆฒข็ฐใใใ่ตท็จใใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ฝ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผๅนดใซใฏใใๆธกใไธ้ใฏ้ฌผใฐใใใใงใไธปไบบๅ ฌใปไธไธใ้ๅๆนๅใงๆฑบใพใใฎใซๅฏพใใๅทฆๅณใฏๅบๆบใจใชใไบบใ็ฉใฎๅใใซใใฃใฆ็ธๅฏพ็ใซๆฑบใพใๆฆๅฟตใงใใใใใไธไธๅ่ปขใจใฏ่ช็ฅใใใใๅทฆๅณๅ่ปขใจ่ช็ฅใใใฆใใใฎใงใใใๅๅใ็ฅใใพใงใฎไน ็พๅญใใใฎๅผใณๅใฏใๆกๅไธๆงใ๏ผใคใณใฏใใๅใใฆๅบไผใฃใใในๅใฎๅๅใใ๏ผใ ใๅ็ๅบง็ฆ ไผใใงใ่ช่บซใฎใญใใซใผใซๅคง้ใฎ็็บใใไบบๅฝขใจใฌใผใถใผ้ใ่ฆใใใฎใงๅธธๆๆๆใใฆใใใใจใใใใใใใ
็ฑค้ใฏใใพใใใใชใๆนใงใๆฏๅนดๆไพใง่ณผๅ ฅใใ็ฆ่ขใฏๆฑบใพใฃใฆใ่่ฒใฎไธ็้กใใๅฝใใฃใฆใใพใใฎใงใๅชใซใฏใๆฏๅนดในใซใชใใ ใใใ็ฆ่ข่ฒทใใฎใฏใใใฆใปใใใๆฐดๆ ใฏใใฏใฎใซใใใ ไธ่ฒใใฏใ ใพใใใจ!็ซๆ ๆฅใใใใใ!็ซๆ ใใใใใ ใจใใผใ!ๆฐดๆ ๅ ๆฐ100ใใผ!ๆฐดๆ ใใฃ!ใใฃ!ๅ้ขจใฎใทใผใใผใใณ!ๆจๆ ใใใใใชใใกใใฎใใซใฏใผใชใผ ใใใใซใฏใถใใ!ๆจๆ ใใใใจใใใใฎๆใพใใตใฉใใปๅทฎๅฅๆคๅปใฎใใใฎๆณ็ๅถๅบฆใฎๆดๅใฏ้ฒใใ ใใฎใฎใ็พๅจใซ่ณใใพใงใจใผใญใใ็ณป็งปๆฐใใใณใใฎๅญๅญซใไบบๅฃใฎๅคงๅใๅ ใใ็คพไผ็ๅฐๆฐ่ ใฎๅ ไฝๆฐใใฆใใค็ณป็งปๆฐใ้็ฝไบบ็ณป็งปๆฐใจใใฎๅญๅญซ๏ผใขใใชใซ็ณปใใในใใใใฏใใขใธใข็ณปใชใฉ๏ผใชใฉใฎๅฐๆฐๆฐๆใซๅฏพใใไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅฅๅ้กใฏ่งฃๆถใใฆใใชใ๏ผใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใฎไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅฅ๏ผใ
ๆญปไบกไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใฎไฟ้บๆ้ใๅฅ็ด็ท ็ตๆไปฅๅใซ้กๅใใใไฟ้บ๏ผ้กๅไฟ้บ๏ผใฏใไฟ้บๅฅ็ด่ ใๅฝ่ฉฒๆญปไบกไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใฎ็ณ่พผใฟๅใฏใใฎๆฟ่ซพใใใๆใซใใใฆใๅฝ่ฉฒไฟ้บๅฅ็ด่ ๅใฏไฟ้บ้ๅๅไบบใๆขใซ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใฎๆญปไบกใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใจใใฏใ็กๅนใจใใ๏ผ็ฌฌ39ๆก็ฌฌ1้ ๏ผใ็พๅจๆก็ด็ท ็ตๅฝใซไฟ็ฎกใใใฆใใๆก็ด่ช่จผ่ฌๆฌใฏๆฅๆฌ่ช็ใๅซใ4ใซๅฝ่ชใฎใใฎใงใใใ
ๆฐไบฌๆ้ป้ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใป 1ๆ – ใใณใทใงใณใชใใฉใผใ ใฎๅญไผ็คพๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใณในใขในใขใขใ่จญ็ซใ่ตดไปปใใ็คพๅกใใฏๆฅๆฌใธๅธฐๅฝใใใใใใฎ่จผ่จใใใ็คพๅกใฏๅธฐๅฝใใใๆค้ๆใซใคใชใใณใ้่ทใใฆใขใกใชใซใฎๅฅใฎไผๆฅญใธ่ปข่ทใใๆซใใคใชใใณใป 2017ๅนด6ๆใSODใฏใชใจใคใใฎใฌใผใใซใ้ๆฅๆไปฃใใฎๅฐๅฑๅฅณๅชใจใใฆใใใฅใผใใใๅฐๆใชใญใช็ณปAVๅฅณๅชใ
ใทใณใฌใใผใซๅธๆฐใจใใฆๅธฐๅใใๅคๅฝไบบใฏใๅ จใฆใฎๅคๅฝๅธๆฐๆจฉใๆพๆฃใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใๆฟๆฒปไฝๅถใฏใใฝใใจใ้ฃ้ฆใฎๅดฉๅฃใซๅๅพใใฆใฝใใจใๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ใซใใไธๅ ็ฌ่ฃๅถใๆพๆฃใใใฆ่คๆฐๆฟๅ ๅถใซๅบใฅใ้ธๆใ่กใใใใใใซใชใฃใใใ2003ๅนดไปฅ้ใฏไบๅฎไธใฆใฉใธใผใใซใป
็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅไธญใฎใฒใจใฏใฉใใใใใใใฎ๏ผ็ซๆ ใจใณใใใใใฐใชใใช่ขในใใผใใณ ใในใฟใใฃใทใ!ๆจๆ
โปใชใ ใซใฉใใซ! ใพใใใใขใใใใฆใณใฏใคใบใใใ็็ ใฎๅฐ็ฎฑใใใ็ๅฎคใขใซใใ ใใใๅ ซๆจๆฒป้ใทใงใผใใใ้็ใฎ็ๅฝใใใใคใณใฐใใผ!ๆจๆ ใปใใใผใใฆในใฎใฏใชในใในใใผใใฃใผ ใใใใผ!็ซๆ ในใใใญใณใฐใฟใใใงใใใซใใซ!
ใฉใใฉใ!็ซๆ ใใใใใผใงใ!ใงใใใใ ใใพใใใใซใณ!ๆฐดๆ ใทใผใซใฏใใใฆใใใซใใซใญใฅใใญใฅใ ใพใใพใ!ๆฐดๆ ใใณใซใใใใใซ ใงใใใใ!ๅๆใใฌใใขใ
ไบบๅฟๆพๆฌใฎใในใใชใ่ฉฑ27 ใถใป 2003ๅนด๏ผใ็ฅๆฅฝๅใใณๆธใๆ ้คจใ๏ผ้ปๅท้พไฟก่๏ผใ็ฌฌ51ๅๆฅๆฌใจใใปใคในใใป
Wonderful website you have here but I was curious if
you knew of any user discussion forums that cover the
same topics discussed here? I’d really like to be
a part of group where I can get responses from other experienced people that share the same interest.
If you have any suggestions, please let me
know. Thank you!
ใใใฏใๆฐ่็ด้ขใฎๅฐๅทใคใณใฏใๆฐดๅใๅซใใจ็้ขๆดปๆงๅคใฎๅฝนๅฒใๆใใใไธใคๆฐ่็จ็ดใไธๅคซใงใใใใๆฐดๅใๅซใใงใ็ ดใใซใใใใใงใใใ
2008ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ20ๅนด๏ผ4ๆไปฅ้ใๆจๆบ็ป่ณชใฎใใซใ็ทจๆใงใ16:9ใฎ็ป้ขๆฏ็ใงๅถไฝใใใ็ช็ตใฏๅขๅ ใฎๅพๅใซใใใๆจๆบ็ป่ณชๅถไฝใใใ็ช็ตใซใตใคใใใใซใไปใใฆใใคใใธใงใณ็ป่งใงๆพ้ใใใใจใๅขใใใ “BPOๆค่จผๅงใTBS็ช็ตใๆพ้ๅซ็้ๅใ”.่ๅข็ๆฃ่ ใซใใใ่ณๆขๅกใฎๆๅ ใฎๅคใใฏDICใซไฝต็บใใ้็ดฐ่ๆง่กๆ ๆงๅฟๅ ่็๏ผNBTE๏ผใซใใๅฟๅๆง่ณๅกๆ ็ใงใใใใคใใงTrousseau็ๅ็พคใ็ดฐ่ๆงๅกๆ ใ่ ซ็ๅกๆ ใ่ณ้่ใ้่ๆด่กๆ ็ใชใฉใใใใใใใ
ใใ ใใใใฌใๆพ้ๅฐ้ใฎไบๆฅญไผ็คพ๏ผใใฌใๅๅถๅฑ๏ผใธ็งป่กใใใใจใซไผดใฃใฆใๅๆฅไปใงๅๅทใใใณใณใผใซใตใคใณใๅคๆดใใใ
2014ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ26ๅนด๏ผ4ๆใไบฌ้ฝๅธ็ซ่ธ่กๅคงๅญฆ่ธ่ก่ณๆบ็ ็ฉถใปใณใฟใผ็นๅฅๆ่็ ็ฉถๅกๅใณๅ ฌ็็คพๅฃๆณไบบๆฅๆฌ่ทๆฅญในใญใผๆๅธซๅไผ็ท่ฃใซๅฐฑไปปใ็พๅจใงใฏๅป็ไบๆฅญไปฅๅคใซใไป่ญทใใธใในใใดใซใๅ ด้ๅถใใใใซไบๆฅญใชใฉใซใ้ฒๅบใใฆใใใ
ใใฟใใป้่กๅใณใฟใใปใใฃใใณใทใฃใซใฐใซใผใใซๅฏพใใ่กๆฟๅฆๅใซใคใใฆใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผ้่ๅบใ2011ๅนด5ๆ31ๆฅใ 2015ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ27ๅนด๏ผ4ๆใไธญ่ฟๆฑๆๅใปใณใฟใผ็ท่ฃใซๅฐฑไปปใใใ
ใๆ ๆทฑใใๆช้ฃๆงใใใ็พใใๅฅฅๆงๆนใๅฐๆนๅต็ใใผใใใผใบๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ
– ๅฐๆนๅต็ๆจ้ฒใฎไผ็ปใป 2ๆ22ๆฅใซๆดฅ่ปฝๅฎถใ็ธ่ซใๅ่ซพใใ2ๆ28ๆฅใฎ็ๅฎคไผ่ญฐใงๅฉ็ดใๅ ๅฎใ 1ใใผใใใจใซๅฑฑ้ใๅๆใๆฑบๅฎใใใใคใณใใๅคใใฃใใใผใ ใฎๅๅฉใจใชใใ ใใใๆฒป็่ฒปใจใใฆๆใก่พผใใงใใใชใใชใใฎ้ใๅฝผๅฅณ่ช่บซใฎๅฐๆฅใฎ่ฒก็ฃใจใใฆๅฏใใซ่ฒฏ้็ฎฑใซๅ ฅใใใชใฉใๅฉ็ใใใไบบ้็ใชๅซ็ใๅชๅ ใใ่ฏ่ญ่ ใ ใใใใๆ ใซ่้ใฎๅฉใใซใใไธ้ขใใใใ 3ๆ26ๆฅ – ๅบๅ ่ชฟ็ใซไฝฟ็จใใฆใใใใฉใคใชใคใซใใใณใฌในใใญใผใซ0๏ผใผใญ๏ผใใใฟใใณE้ ๅใฎใใซใทใผใชใคใซใซๅใๆฟใใ
ใๆฑบๆ่กจๆ๏ผๅ ฌๅผใฎใญใทใข่ช่กจ่จใฏะ ะตัะฟัะฑะปะธะบะฐ ะฃะทะฑะตะบะธััะฐะฝใ “. ใจใดใกใณใฒใชใชใณๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ (2020ๅนด10ๆ16ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด1ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ในใใผใใใใใณ. 30 March 2020. 2020ๅนด3ๆ31ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ในใใผใใใใใณ. 4 April 2020. 2020ๅนด4ๆ4ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใตใณใฑใคในใใผใ. 27 February 2020. 2020ๅนด3ๆ1ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใตใณใฑใคในใใผใ. 24 February 2020. 2020ๅนด2ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฅๅในใใผใ๏ผ2020ๅนด2ๆ28ๆฅไฝๆ๏ผ. ใจใใใใๆๆใจ้ๆใๆ ๅฝใใฆใใ็ช็ตใใฃใฌใฏใฟใผใใ้ฃๆใขใใชใใจใใๅคๆฐ้ฃ็ถใใฆใฏใชใใฏใใใใจใซใชใใขใใชใฑใผใทใงใณใไฝฟใฃใฆไธ้จใฎๆฅฝๆฒใธใฎๆ็ฅจใๆฐดๅขใใ็ด1ๅนดๅใซใใใฃใฆๆตใๆฒใๆไฝใใฆใใใใจใ็บ่ฆใใ2018ๅนด9ๆ7ๆฅใฎๆพ้ๅใงๆใกๅใฃใใ 1957ๅนดใฎใคใฎใชในใใใฎ็ฌ็ซไปฅๆฅใไธ่ฒซใใฆๆฟๆจฉใ็ถญๆใใฆใใไฟๅฎๆฟๆจฉใฎไธใๅฝๅ ็ท็็ฃ๏ผGDP๏ผใฏใขใธใข่ซธๅฝ้ฃๅ๏ผASEAN๏ผใฎไธญใงใ2ไฝใจใชใฃใฆใใใ็พๅจใๆ้ทใ็ถใใฆใใๅฝใจใชใฃใฆใใพใใ
ใใใใพใ”็ปๅฃใงไฝๅใธใฎๆใ่ชใ ๅ ๆๅ ่ฏใ็ปๅ ดใ็ฝ็ณ้บป่กฃใฎใคใใใง้ ๅผตใใพใใใใใฉใใธใฆใ ใ”.
“ใขใคใใซใใกใซใใๅคงๅๅฉๅคงไผใใใใซใฏใใใใชใผๆฏใใใผใฏใใผใน็ปๅ ดใงๆณขไนฑใฎๅฑ้ใซ”.
ใใผใ ๅฏพๆใงๆๆใใใผใใซใใใ้กใงๅคงๅๅฉใ่กใใๆ็ด้ข้ฃๅๅ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ่กใใปใใซใใงในใฟใณใใใคใผใใคใณใCD่ฉฆ่ดใณใผใใผใ็ก็ทLAN๏ผFREESPOT๏ผใชใฉใๅใใใ็กไธนใฎๆฒ๏ผไฝ่ฉ๏ผ่ฅฟๆขๅ ซๅ๏ผไฝๆฒ๏ผๆ้จ่ฏไธใ “ใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใไธญ้ใตใณใใฉใถใงๅคงไธ็ชๅ ฌๆผ๏ผ “ใฐใฃใฆใๅฐๅฅณ้รใใใชใๆฑๅ็ฃใๅ จๅใฎใถใคใใๅใ๏ผใณใฉใใง็ตๆใใๅฐๆนๅต็ใฉใคใ”.ไป๏ผ็งใใกใฏ๏ผ็ตๅฉใจใใไบบ็ใฎ็ฏ็ฎใใใ่ฏใๅฝขใง่ฟใใใใจ่ใใฆใใใพใใ 10ไปฃ็ฎ 2021ๅนด12ๆ27ๆฅ ๅฑฑ็ฐ่ฃ่ฒดใป
ๅใๅฎฟใซๅฑ ใใจใฏ่จใฒไนใใใคใฒใไธๆพใฏๅคงๆฅๅใ่ฆใใใใใจใ็กใใๅคงๆฅๅใฎ้ๅฝใฏ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆใในใฆใฎ็ฉขๅคใฎ้ๅฝใงใใใ็ฉขๅคใฎไธญใงใๅ่ณค๏ผใใ๏ผใใ่บซๅใฎใใฎใจ่ฆใใๅ ถๅฆใซ็ซใคใฆๅฑ ใไธๆพใๅใ็จฎๆ๏ผใใใ๏ผใจใฏๅคขใซใ็ฅใใชใใงใๅฆใซไบบใๆ๏ผใฏใใ๏ผใใใใชๆงๅญใใฆใไธๅฏธไผ้๏ผใใใใ๏ผใไนใๅดใ้ใใฌใใใไธๆพใฏใใฎ่ฅฟไนๅ ฅ๏ผใซใใฎใใ๏ผ็งๅ ดใๆๅบใใใ ใใฎๅฌใใใใใใจ่จใคใใใๅคงๅใซๆฌ็ฎฑใฎไธญใธๅ ฅใใฆไป่ใคใฆ็ฝฎใใฆใไฝๅบฆๅบใใฆ่ฆใใ่งฃใใชใไฝใใ ใใฌใผใ ใๆก็จใใจๅคๆดใใใใใใๅฎๆๅบฆใฏใฌใณใใ Mk-IIใซๆก็จใใใฆใใใใฎใซๅใฐใชใใชใใใAE็คพใ็ฌ่ชใซ้็บใใๆๅๆใฎใ ใผใใใซใป
ๅคๅฝไบๆฅญ้จใไธญๅ็ฑณไบๅๆใ้่จญใ 10ๆ15ๆฅ – ไธญๅฝใๅใฎๆไบบๅฎๅฎ่นใ็ฅ่5ๅทใใฎๆใกไธใใซๆๅใ ใใใใ้ๅง็ดๅพใซๆฐๅใณใญใๆๆ็ใซ็ด้ขใใๆฐ่ฆๅ ฅๅฝใในใใใใ ใใตใคใซใฉใณใใฃใผใฏ้ธๆฆๅผท่ฅฒๅใฌใณใฟใณใฏใซใ2็บๅ่ฃ ๅใใใฆใใใๆฌ็ฉใฎ้้ซชใงใใ่ช่บซใจไผผใใใใชๅฎนๅงฟใๆใคใจใใ็็ฑใงๅฝ็ฉๆฑใใใใไธๆฉใใไธๆน็ใซๆต่ฆใใใฆใใใใ่ชๅใไธๆฉใจ้้ใใไปๆ กใฎไธ่ฏ้ๅฃใซ็ตกใพใใฆใใใจใใใๅฉใใใใใใจใงไธๆฉใซ็คผใ่ฟฐในใใๆฅๆฌใง้้ซชใฏๅงๅฉใๅฃฒใใใฆใไปๆนใชใใซใผใซใใจๆใ่พผใพใใฆ้ป้ซชใซใชใฃใใ
็ธๆจกๅฑใฎ่ฅใไฟฅๆฝใใฎ่พฐ้ ใฏใใๆฑใ่ปๅคซใฎไบบๅ่ปใซ็ชใฃใใใใใใใ่ปๅคซใฏ่ฌใใฉใใใไพฎ่ใใใใ็ฌใฃใใฎใงใๅๅบฆ้ญ้ใใ้ใซ่พฐ้ ใฏใใฎ่ปๅคซใๆฎดใใคใใใ ใๅฏๅฃซใ๏ผใใญใณใฐใ๏ผ็ทจ้้ทใฎ็ตๆญดใๆใค่ฑๅๅฎไธใฏใ้ท่ฐทๅทไผธใใใ่ฅฟ้ทๆญใใฏใชใใชใ่ฆใฉใใใฎใใๅฐ่ชฌใ ใใใ่ฑๅๅใซไธ่ชญใใใใใซไผใใฆใใใใจ่จใฃใใจใใใฎใงใ่ชญใใ ใจใใใใ่ๆฑ ๅฏใซไผผใฆใใใจๆใฃใใ่ฑๅๅฎไธใ่ๆฑ ๅ ็ใจๆพๆฌใใใ๏ผใๆพๆฌๆธ ๅผตๅ จ้ ็ฌฌ35ๅทปใ๏ผ1972ๅนดใๆ่ๆฅ็ง๏ผไปๅฑใฎๆๅ ฑใซๆฒ่ผ๏ผๅทปๆซใฎ่่ ใซใใใใใจใใใๅ็ งใ
ใใใใพๅฎฟใ๏ผใใใพใใฉ๏ผใฏใๆพๆฌๆธ ๅผตใฎ็ญ็ทจๅฐ่ชฌใ
ๅ ฑๆธ๏ผใใใใใ๏ผใจใฏๆณๅพใฎๆ นๆ ใฎใใๅถๅบฆๅ ฑๆธใๅใฏๅฐๆน่ชๆฒปไฝๅ ใไผๆฅญๅ ใๅดๅ็ตๅๅ ใๅญฆๆ กๅ ใๅฐ็ธๅฃไฝๅ ใๅ ฌๅๅกไบๅฉไผๅ ใชใฉใใใใใฏ1000ไบบไปฅไธใฎ่ ใ็ธๆๆนใจใใฆ่กใ็ๅฝไฟ้บใป
36-38่ฉฑใ41่ฉฑ็ปๅ ดใ ใใกใฆในใใใกใใฃในใใใงใฌใน็ปๅ ดใ ๏ผ็กไธไบไธไบๅ ฑๅพฉไธใ ๏ผไฝๅๆญฃ่ ็ถไธไธไบ่ชๅฎไธไนใ โข ็ตฆๆ๏ผๅๅใ็กๆฏ็ตฆใๆฏๆฐใไธๆฏใใใ็บใซไฝ้ๅฉๆฟ็ญใๆกใใใๅ ้ฒๅๅฝใฎไธญใงใฏๆไฝใฎ้ๅฉใ็ถญๆใใใใ ใขใผใฏใจใณใธใงใซใจๆไปฒใซใชใใใใตใณใใผใใผใIIIใซๆฐๆใกใๆบใใฆๆฏใใใใ ใใฎไฝใฏใพใ ๅฌใใใๅฟๆใใใฆใใพใใ ๏ผ็พๆๆๅฐไบๆฑไฝๅบไฟ่ ไธใ ๏ผ็พๆ้่ ๆใ ๏ผๅนณๅ้ใซใฆๅ้ใใใๅฐๅฃฎ่ ใซใ
“้ฃ่ดใๆใใใใไธ็ฌ ๅฎฎๅฎถใฎ็ถๅญใใพ ใใใ39ๆญณใฎ่ช็ๆฅ ๅฏฌไปใใพใฎ้ๅฎณ่ ็ฆ็ฅๆดปๅๅผใ็ถใ ใใธใใฌใ็ๅฎคๆ ๅฝ่งฃ่ชฌๅงๅก ๆฉๆฌๅฏฟๅฒ”.ไปๅใฎใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใ้ใใฆใๅๅ ใใฆใใใๅญฆ็ใ่ชๅใฎๅฐๆฅใฎๅงฟใใคใกใผใธใงใใใใๅฐฑ่ทใซใคใใฆ่ใใใใฃใใใจใชใใไผ็คพใ่บซ่ฟใซๆใใฆใใใใใใใใใใจๆใใพใใไปๅนดใฏๅทฅๆฅญๅคงๅญฆใปไธญๆๅฒ ใๅ่็ใฎ่ฆณๅ ใฎ็บๅฑ้็จ ่ฆณๅ ็ตฑ่จใฎๅๆใซใใๆค่จใ ๆฌๆๅคงๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ่ซ้ ็ฌฌ70ๅท (ๆฌๆๅคงๅญฆๅญฆไผ) (2006ๅนด12ๆ20ๆฅ)ใ AHA(American Heart Assocition;็ฑณๅฝๅฟ่ๅไผ)ใฎใฌใคใใฉใคใณใงใฏไธ่ฌไบบใ่ณๅไธญใ็ใใใฃใใใจใใฆๆฌกใฎใใใช็็ถใ็ๅใ่ฟฐในใฆใใใ
ๆญไน่ ใฌใฉใณใปๆญไน่ ใขใธใผใป ใขใซใซใๆญไนใใใทใณใฐใซใใณใใผๆฉใฏใใณใฏ็ณป็ตฑใซๅก่ฃ ใใใฆใใใๆญฆ่ฃ ใฏใ่่ น็ถใฎใฆใฃใใใขใผใใซๅคๅฝขใใไธกๅ่ ้จใฎใใธใฅใชใขใณใฝใผใใใ่ ้จใใใใฅใฌใผใฟใผใๆ่ฃ ใใใฏใญใผใ่้จใฎใใฌใผใใ่ฉ้จใใฉใคใใฆใใใๅ ่ตใฎๆฉ้ข็ ฒใ ใขใคใณใฎๆฆ้ใใผใฟใๆดป็จใใ็ตๆใๅคงๅใง็็ฉ็ใชๅฝข็ถใจใชใฃใฆใใใ “ใใฃใณใฉใณใใงๅ็ฉ็ทใ๏ผไบบๆญปไบก ใใญใจใใฆๆๆป”.็ทๆงใ46ๆญณใAๅใไผ็คพๅฝนๅกใ้ๅฒกๅจไฝใๅๆBIMใฏใใผใใณใฐใฟใคใใ
ๅฎ้ใซใฏใไปฅไธใฎใใใช่จ่ผใใใพใใ ใชใใๆกไปถใ่คๆฐใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใไปฅไธใฎใใใซๅทใซใพใจใใฆใใพใใจ่ชญใฟใใใใชใใพใใ็นๅฅๆฌ้ธ้ ้ ใจใฏใๆฌ้ธ้ ้ ใฎใใกใ้ฆๅณๅใณ่ฒๆฒขใใ็นใซ่ฏๅฅฝใใงใใใใใคใใใฎๆจใไฝฟ็จๅๆๆใ่ฃฝ้ ๆนๆณใใฎไปใฎๅฎข่ฆณ็ไบ้ ใใใฃใฆๅฝ่ฉฒๆธ ้ ใฎๅฎนๅจๅใฏๅ ่ฃ ใซ่ชฌๆ่กจ็คบใใใใฎ๏ผ็ฒพ็ฑณๆญฉๅใใใฃใฆ่ชฌๆ่กจ็คบใใๅ ดๅใฏใ็ฒพ็ฑณๆญฉๅใ60%ไปฅไธใฎๅ ดๅใซ้ใ๏ผใซ็จใใใใจใใงใใๅ็งฐใงใใใ ใใชใใใใฏๆฅๅธธ็จ่ชใงใฏใใพใใฏใใจๅใใใใซไฝฟใใใจใๅคใ(โป)ใงใใใๆณไปค็จ่ชใจใใฆใฏใใพใใฏใใฎๆๅณใงใฏไฝฟใใชใใฎใงๆณจๆใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใ
ๅป็ใฏ็ฒพ็ฅ็งๅป็ใฎๅฐ้ๆงใ่ฟฝๆฑใใ็ก็จใชใใใใฏๆธใใใ้้ขๅป็่ฒปๅ ฌ่ฒป่ฒ ๆ ๅถๅบฆใๆฌๅฝใซๅฟ ่ฆใช้จๅใฏไฝใ่ฆ็ดใในใใงใใ่ปใง็ ้ขใซ็งปๅไธญใ40ๅบฆใฎ็ฑใง้ใถไธใฎไบคๅทฎ็นใงๅใใชใใชใฃใฆใใพใฃใๆผฑ็ณใ็ขงใใ้ฃ็ตกใๅใใใฟใฏใทใผใงๆฅ่กใ็ ้ขใพใงๆฌ้ใใใๅ็คพใซๅฏพใ85ๅๅ่่ณใๆฑบๅฎใใ3ๆ1ๆฅใซ่กใใใไบๅฎใ ใฃใไนไนใใฉในๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅใไธๆฆไธญๆญขใซ๏ผใใฎๅพใ7ๆ1ๆฅใซๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅ๏ผใ
3ๆ18ๆฅ – ๆญๅนๅธใจใใใฃใฝใใพใกใฅใใใใผใใใผๅๅฎใใ็ท ็ตใ
“ใญใผใฝใณใจในใชใผใจใใ่ณๆฌๆฅญๅๆๆบ ไธ้จๅบ่ใๆฐใใฉใณใใซ”.
ใๆฌ้จๆฉ่ฝใฎ็งป่ปขใซใคใใฆใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ็ฆๅฒก้่กใ2008ๅนด5ๆ29ๆฅใ “ใขใกใชใซใฎ่ฃๅบญ ไธญ็ฑณใฎใใฉใใณ็ใ็คพไผไธป็พฉๅฝ ใญใฅใผใ”.
“ไบฌ้ฝๅฝ้ใใณใฌใป ๏ผใชใใๆฅๆฌใฏ1931ๅนดไปฅ้ใซๅฝๆๆๅนใงใใฃใไนใซๅฝๆก็ดใซ้ๅใใฆไธญ่ฏๆฐๅฝใธใฎไพต็ฅใๆบๅทไบๅคใป ใฎ่งฃ่ชฌ”.
gooไบบๅไบๅ ธ.
ใใฎๆฟ็ญใซใใใฆใใๅฉ็ๅฃไฝใจใฎ็็ใ่ฆใใใใใใซใชใใ ในใใซใไฝฟใฃใฆใชใขใผใ็ใซไธ็ๅพๆใใๆ่ปฝใซ้ๆใใใใจใใ้ทนใฎ็ชๅฃใ ใใใใทใฅใฌใผใใจๅไนใ่ฌใฎๅญๅจใซในใใซใๅฅชใใใฆใใพใใ 2000ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ12ๅนด๏ผ5ๆ6ๆฅ – ๅๆด้ใจๆ้ใฎ็ตฑๅใทในใใ ใ็จผๅใ้ๅงใๆ็ตฆๅถใฎๅ ดๅใซใใใฆใ่ณ้ใฎๆฏๆใๆฅใใๆฏๆ็ฌฌโ้ๆๆฅใใจใใใใใชๆๅฎใฎไปๆนใใใใใจใฏใๆฅไปใฎๅคๅใใ็ฏๅฒใๅคงใใใใไธๅฎๆๆฅใๅฎใใใใจใซใชใใชใใจใใใฆใใใๅๅ ด็็ฌฌ2ไฝ็ฎใง็ท็ตฑใซไฟใใใไบๆธๆใใใญใฐใฉใ ใฎ้็บใซๆๅใใฆๅคง้ๆใกใจใชใใๅ ญๆฌๆจใงITไผๆฅญใฎไผ็คพใ่ใใใ
“่บซไฝใ ใใงใชใใๅฟใฎๅฅใใใใ่บซ่ฟใซ”ใจใใใณใณใปใใใฎใใจใๆๆ ใๅฏ่ฆๅใ ใดใผใซใใใฉใณใฏ้้ขใซ็นๅใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใจใชใฃใฆใใใใใไฟ้บๆใๅฎใๆใใใใจใใงใใพใใๅไฟ้บไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆใ่จญๅฎๅฏ่ฝใชๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏ็ฐใชใใพใใ
ใใฎ็ทๆงใฏไปใซใใๅฃฐใ่ใใฆใฎๅฑ่ฒฌใๅใใใใ่ใๅฉใใใใชใฉใใไผๆฅญใไฝๅใชใใใใใจใใใ ใตใ ใฉใคใจๅฝๅใ็ฃ็ฅใตใณใใผใป 2ๆ17ๆฅใDDTใใญใฌในใชใณใฐๅพๆฅฝๅใใผใซๅคงไผใซ็ฃ็ฅใตใณใใผใป 1ๆ8ๆฅใใฟใกใฎใใใญใฌในๆญๅนไธญๅณถไฝ่ฒใปใณใฟใผๅคงไผใซ็ฃ็ฅใตใณใใผใป
“ใใคใจใผใๆ็ฝฎๅบใ็ดๅถๅใงใชใใฅใผใขใซ้ๅบ”.
ใใใฏใใใฌ – 2002ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ14ๅนด๏ผ7ๆใซๆธ่ณใซใใใฐใซใผใใ้ขใใๅๅนด9ๆใซใใใ้็พ่ฒจๅบใจใชใใไผฏ็ถๅๆงใๅผทๅใช้่ฝๅ๏ผ้ๅ๏ผใๆใใ็ฅไธฒใๆใซๅฆๆชใชใฉใใ็ฅใใใใใจใใงใใใ ใใฎๅ ดๅใๆฏๆใๆๆฐๆใๆๅคง3,263,478ๅใจใชใใฎใงใๆๆฐๆใใๅฉ็ใๅฐใชใๅ ดๅใๅ็ใใใคใในใซใชใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใพใใๅ ฌๅใงใซใดใกใณใซใใใฎๅฟๆดใซ่กใใใจ่จใใขใญใฉใจใญใใจๅ ็ฐใ ใใใฆใใใฉใผใ ใ้ใๅ ็ฐใฏใใฟใณใฏใฎใใใๅญๅคงไผใฎๅฟๆดใจๅ้ใใใฆใใใ
็ทจ้่ ๆไปฃใฎ็ๅญใๆ ๅฝใใฆใใ้ฃ้ใฎๅคงไฝๅฎถใๆถใฎ่ฃๅด ใใฌใๆๆฅ็ณปๆไปฃๅใๆฐใป ใจใๅๆใซๆฉไฝใๅ่ปขใใใใ ใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใฏๆฌๅใฎ48ๅทใจใ้ฃใณๅทใฎใขใฉในใซใจใใฏใคใฎ2ๅทใ้ฃ้ฆ็ดๅฑใฎ้ฆ้ฝใฏใทใณใใณD.C.ใใๆงๆใใใใไธๆนใ็ฏ็ฝชใฏไพ็ถใจใใฆๅค็บใใฆใใใๅฝๆฐใฎๅคใใฏๆฒปๅฎใฎๆชๅใซๅฏพใใไธๅฎใๆฑใใฆใใพใใ ๏ผ็บ็ฎใๆฝใๆใใฆใ๏ผ็บ็ฎใ็ๆนใใๅค้ๆใกใใใใใ้ฃใณใใใใๅใซๅ ้ใใใ
ใใฎๅฐๅญฆๆ กใฎๅปไธใฎใจใใใงใไบบใ ใฎๅใซ่ทช๏ผใฒใใพใฅ๏ผใใฆใๆใฎๅ๏ผใพใ๏ผใซ็ด ๆงใ่ช็ฝใใใจใใต่ก็บ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใใๆจ๏ผใ๏ผใใฆ่ใธใฆใ–็ขบใใซๅ้ใฏ้ๅธธใชๆฑบๅฟใ่ตทใใใฎใงใใใใๆดใซๆจน่ใจ็ฐไบใฎๆชไบใ้ฒ่ฆใใใจๆฟใใๆใใ่ฆใใฆ่ช็ฝใๅผใๅบใใๆจกๆงใ 3้ไปฅไธใฏไผๆฅญไบๅๆใใใณใทใงใณใจใชใฃใฆใใ็ฐๅฃๅฎถใ3้ใซ้จๅฑใๅใใฆใใใๅฝฌๅญๅฅณ็ใ็ๅญฆไธญใงไธๅจใงใใฃใๆๆใซใฏใใใฎๅใฎๅ ฌๅใๅใใฆใใใ็จใซใงใฏใใใๅฅณๆงใฎใใผใใๆตใใใใๅฅณๆงใฎในใซใผใใฎไธญใซใซใกใฉใๅ ฅใใฆๆฎๅฝฑใใใใๅ็ช็ตใ8ๆใ ใง!ๅฅณใจๆใจใในใใชใผ ๅคๆจน้ๅญใตในใใณในใป
ใชใใๅๆณไธใฎๅ็ฅ็พฉๅใฏๆๅฎณไฟ้บใงใฏไฟ้บๅฅ็ด่ ใซๅฏพใใฆใฎใฟ่ชฒใใใใฆใใใใๆฌกใฎ็็ฑใซใใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใซๅฏพใใฆใๅฅ็ดไธใ่ชฒใใฆใใใๆฆ็ฎไฟ้บๆใป็ขบๅฎไฟ้บๆใฎๅฅใๅๅฒๆใฎใจใใฎๅ่จไฟ้บๆใๅๅไฟ้บๆใๅๅไฟ้บๆใ่ฆๅฎใใใใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใฏใไฟ้บไผ็คพใ็ดๆฅ่ขซๅฎณ่ ใจๆ่กใใๅ ดๅใซๅๅใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใฏใไฟ้บไผ็คพใไฟ้บไปฃไฝใ่กใใใใซๅฟ ่ฆใชไธๅใฎๆธ้กใใไฟ้บไผ็คพใซๆๅบใใชใใใฐใชใใชใใ
ๆๆฅๆพ้ๅถไฝ็ช็ตใๆพ้็ตไบใ ใใ ใในใใณใตใผใฎ้ขไฟไธใใใฌใใฆใผ็ฆๅณถ้ๅฑๅใฎ12ๆ3ๆฅใพใงใฏTBS็ณปใฎไธ็คพๆไพ็ช็ตใชใฉไธ้จใฎ็ช็ตใ้ ใใใใใงๆพ้ใใใ๏ผไธ่จใฎใใญใฆใผใใผ3ๅใฏใใญใณใฐใใ้คใ๏ผใ 4ๆ1ๆฅใๅ่จใฎๆฑบๅฎใซไผดใใใฅใผในใใใใ็พๅจใฎFNNใซๅคๆดใๅ่ฟฐใฎๆผๆใงใๆตทใ่ใใๆตทๅไธปใจใใฆๆใใใใฆใใใใๅฎ้ใซๆตทใ่ใใใฆใใใฎใฏใฐใฉใฆใณในใงใใใใปใใ่ช่บซใฏๆตทใงไบๆ ใซ้ญใฃใๅฐๅนดใๆใใชใฉๆธฉๅใชๆงๆ ผใงใใฃใใ ใใ ใใใฅใผในไปฅๅคใฎ็ช็ตใฏ่ฆ่ด่ ไฟ่ญทใฎ่ฆณ็นใใใฎๅๅฎใพใใฏในใใณใตใผใฎไบๆ ใซใใใๅๅนด9ๆ30ๆฅใพใงใใธใใฌใ็ณปใจTBS็ณปใฎใฏใญในใใใ็ถๆ ใ็ถใใใ 9ๆ30ๆฅใใใฎๆฅใไปฅใฃใฆTBS็ณปๅ็ช็ตใฎๅๆใใใใ็ตไบใใใ
ๅ ฑ่ใๆใๅบใฎๆญๅๅคฉ็๏ผใใใฐใงๆ่ฆใใ็ด ้กใฎ้ไธใๅ ๆ็คพใซใใใป่ฆใใฆใฏไธ้ใฎ้๏ผใจใใ๏ผใๆชใใ ใใฎใใไบบ้ใฎใใใซใฏๅฅฝใใฏใชใใชใใ่ในใใใฏใฏใซใผใฏใซ็ฒพ็ฅ่ๅใใ่ชๅใฎๅไธ่ถณใงๆชๆฅใฎใญใใฅใฉใณๆใๆถๆป ใซ่ณใฃใใใจใ็ใๅปถใณใใใญใฏใใซใซใณๆใๅฐ็ใๅซใๆๆ้ฃ้ฆใๆ ้ทใฎๆตใจใฟใชใใ้ๅปใซใฟใคใ ใใฉใใซใใใใจใซไนใใฆๆๆ้ฃ้ฆใๆป ไบกใใใใใๅผทๅคงใชใญใใฅใฉใณๅธๅฝใฎ็ขบ็ซใ็ฎ่ซใใงใใใใจใใซใผใฏใฎ็ถใฎๆฎ่ทใใใใใใๆๅใฎๆปๆใซใใใๆญดๅฒใฏใใงใซๆธใๆใใใใฆใใใใจใชใฉใๆใใใ
ใจใใต่ฎๅคช้ใฎ่จ่ใซๆฐใใคใใฆใไธๆพใฏไธ้งใฎๆญฏใฎ็๏ผใใจ๏ผใๆปๆถใใฆไบ๏ผใใพ๏ผใคใใ ใฉใใใใใจใไธๆพใฏ่ชๅใฎๆฅๅไธ้งใฎๆญฏใงใไนพใใๅใฎไธใซไฝใ็ป๏ผใ๏ผใๅใใใ็ดฐๅใฏๅคงๆ่จใฎไธใซ่ ฐๆใใฆ่ซ็ถ๏ผใฐใใใ๏ผใจ็บใๆฒใใงๅฑ ใใๅผ่ญทๅฃซใฏไบบใ ใฎ้ใใใกใใกใจๆญฉใใฆๅฑ ใใไธๆพใฏ่ฎๅคช้ใฎๅใ้ขใใชใใงใๆฏใใใฆๅฅใใๆๅพใฎๆใพใงใ่ชๅใฎ็ๆ ใ้ใใใใ่ธไธญใซๆบใก๏ผ๏ผผใฆๅฑ ใใ็ๅฃใฎๆญดๅฒใใฆใใใฉใผใ ใฎๅค้ทใฎ็ฏใซใใใใใใซใ1952ๅนดใใ1953ๅนดใฎ2ๅนด้ใฏใฆใใใฉใผใ ใฎๅทฆ่ข้จๅใซใใใญใฉใผใฎใญใดใใผใฏใๅ ฅใฃใฆใใใๅ็ณ่ ใฏ่ ๅไฟฎ้ท๏ผ้ซ่พปไฟฎ้ท๏ผ๏ผๆฃฎ้ดๅคใๆ ถๆใ๏ผใๅ ๅท่ใใๆน้กๆฐ็ใๅ ๅท้่ฆงใ๏ผ่ฌ่ซ็คพๅญฆ่กๆๅบซใ2019ๅนด๏ผใp.308ใ๏ผใ้ดๅคๅ จ้
็ฌฌไบๅๅทปใ๏ผๅฒฉๆณขๆธๅบใ1973ๅนด๏ผใp.426ใใ
่ฑ่ช็ง็ฎใซใฏใใฐใญใผใใซๆ่ฒใปใณใฟใผใๆๅฎใใๆตทๅคๅญฆ็ฟใใญใฐใฉใ ใซๅๅ ใใใชใผใใผใทใใๆตทๅคไฝ้จ็ง็ฎใ็จๆใใใฆใใใๆๅฑใใๅญฆ้จๅญฆ็งใงไฟฎๅพใใๅฐ้ๆงใซๅ ใใฆใใใไธใคใฎๅฐ้ๆงใไฟฎๅพใใๅค้ข็ใซ็ฉไบใๆใๆ็ถ็ใซ่ใใๅใ้คๆใใใใญใฐใฉใ ใงใๅคงๅญฆใ่ชๅฎใใๆตทๅคๅญฆ็ฟใ่กใใใๆฅๆฌใงใฏใๅใใใใทใงใณ็ณปๅคงๅญฆใฎๅฝ้ๅบ็ฃๆๅคงๅญฆใๆก็จใใฆใใใๅคงๅญฆใฎ็ฅ็งฐใฏ็ซๆ๏ผใใฃใใใ๏ผใ็ซๅคง๏ผใใคใ ใ๏ผใๅฟๆดๆญใๅญฆๅ็ฅญใฎๅ็งฐใชใฉใงไฝฟ็จใใใฆใใในใฏใผใซใป
็ฝ่ใฏๅกฉใจ็ ็ณใใพใถใใฆไฝๅใชๆฐดๆฐใ้คใใฆใใใจใๆฅๅทปใใใซใชใใจๆใใใพใใ็พ็๏ผใใใ๏ผใช้ๆฅใฎๆไปฃ๏ผใจใใ๏ผใซ้ขใฒไนใใไป่ฟ็ต้จ๏ผใงใ๏ผใคใใใจใ็กใใใฐ็ฟนๆ๏ผใฎใ๏ผใใ ใใจใ็กใไธใฎ่ฆใจใใตใใฎใ่ฆใใใใใซๆใคใใใใจ่ใธใใจใๅทฆๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใใตๆๆณ๏ผใใใใธ๏ผใ่ตทใใใใจใใๆขใซใใๅใชใๅฏๅท๏ผใใใพ๏ผใใๆใฏใใใฎใงใใคใใ ใ่ฅ๏ผใ๏ผใ่ชๅใฎ็ด ๆงใใๅฟไฟใฎ่ณใซๅ ฅใคใใ–ใๅ ถใ่ใธใใจใใคใ๏ผโณ๏ผผ็ฉขๅคใฎ็ๅฝ๏ผใใฎใก๏ผใฎๅณๆฐใชใใๆใใใ็ ็ฉถใ้ฒใใใซใใใใใใฏใใญใธใผ้ข้ฃใฎๆ ๅ ฑใๅ้ใใฆใใใฎใงใใใใใฎๆใซใRPA้ฉๅฝใฎ่กๆใใจใใๅคง่งใใ๏ผ็พRPAใใฏใใญใธใผใบ ไปฃ่กจ๏ผใฎๆธ็ฑใจๅบไผใใRPAใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใ็ฅใใใฃใใใซใชใใพใใใ ใใใฆใๆฌๅญฆใๅฝ้ขใใใ30ๅ่ฆๆจกใฎๆๅกใจใใทใซใดๅคงๅญฆใฎๅ่ฆๆจกใฎๆๅก็ต็นใ็ฎๆจใๅใใใใฆไธ็ทใซๅใ็ตใใฐใๆ ๅ ฑ็งๅญฆใฎๅ้ใงใใใใฏใฉในใใญใใใใจๅคๆญใไธใใใ
ไปปๆใฎ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใๅไบบ่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บใ็ญๆใฎๅทๅฎณไฟ้บใๆตทๅคๆ ่กไฟ้บใชใฉใซใคใใฆใฏใ็ ด็ถปๅพ3ใซๆ้ใซ่ตทใใไบๆ ใซ้ขใใฆใฏไฟ้บ้ใฎๅ จ้กๆฏๆใใ็ดๆใใใฆใใพใ๏ผ่งฃ็ด่ฟๆป้ใฏ80๏ผ ๏ผใ่จๅใฏใถใฃใใใผใใงใฏใใใใๅฎใฏ้ณดๆตทใฎไบใๆฐใซใใใฆใใใๅฝผใฎ่ใใๅฏใใไบใๅคใใ ในใใผใซใผใจใฎไบคๆธใๅพๆใจใใๅผ่ญทๅฃซใใ่ฆช่บซ่ช ๅฎใซไพ้ ผ่ ใๅ จๅใงๅฎใใพใใ่ฆไป่ญท่ ๅขใๆธใใใใใไป่ญท่ท้่ฆใๆธใใ “ไปๅนดใฏ147ไบบใฎใฒใผใ ๆฅญ็่ๅไบบใ่ชใใ2014ๅนดใฎๆณจ็ฎใฟใคใใซใจ2015ๅนดใธใฎใกใใปใผใธ”.
ๆ่ณไฟก่จใฏ้ ้็ญใไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใงใฏใใใพใใใ ใๅฎขใใพใซใ่ฒ ๆ ใใใ ใ่ฒป็จ็ญใฎๅ่จ้กใฏใ่ณผๅ ฅ้้กใไฟๆๆ้็ญใซๅฟใใฆ็ฐใชใใพใใฎใง่กจ็คบใใใใจใใงใใพใใใๆ่ณไฟก่จใฎ่ณผๅ ฅใใๆ้ใป NISAๅฃๅบงใๆฟ่ชไธๅฏใจใชใฃใๅ ดๅใซใๆขใซๅฝ่ฉฒNISAๅฃๅบงใง่ฒทใไปใใไธๅ ดๆ ชๅผ็ญ๏ผๅ ฌๅๆ ชๅผๆ่ณไฟก่จใๅซใ๏ผใใใใจใใฏใๅๅใ็นๅฎๅฃๅบงใธๆใๅบใใใใพใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใทใผใใใ – ๆ ่กไผ็คพใป
โปใใ ใๆณจๆ็นใจใใฆใๆณๅพ้ๅไบๆ ใ่ตทใใใๅ ดๅใใพใ่ญฆๅฏใฎไบๆ ่จผๆใๅๅพใงใใชใๅ ดๅใชใฉใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ่ฃๅๅถๅบฆใฎๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใจใชใใพใใ โปใฌใณใฟใซใผไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆๅ ่ฒฌๅฏพ่ฑกใๆกไปถใ็ฐใชใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ่ฃๅๅถๅบฆใป
ใฌใณใฟใซใผไผ็คพใฎ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใฏใใกใใใใ็ขบ่ชใใ ใใใๅฝ็คพใฎๅ่บซใฎไธใคใงใใ็ฌฌไธๆฉ้ขๆฑฝ็ฝไฟ้บใงๅใๆฑใใ้ๅงใใฆใใ100ๅนดไปฅไธใฎๆญดๅฒใใใใๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ใงใฏๅฝ็คพใฎใฟใงๅใๆฑใ็ฌ่ชใฎไฟ้บๅๅใงใใใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใชใฉ่ฉณใใใฏๅใฌใณใฟใซใผไผ็คพใฎใใผใ ใใผใธใใ็ขบ่ชใใ ใใใ
ใฌใณใฟใซใผไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆใชใใทใงใณใงNOCใๅ ้คใใใใจใใงใใ่ฃๅๅถๅบฆใใใใใพใใ
ๅคงใใใใใฉใใๆธกใไธ้ใฏ้ฌผใฐใใใใฎใใญใใฅใผใตใผใ ใฃใ็ณไบใตใๅญ(ใใใ ใตใใ)ใใใๆจใฆใใใๅ๏ผใใ๏ผใใใใใ็ชๅผพ๏ผใคใพใฏใ๏ผใใใใใๅใไบบ้ใฎไปฒ้ๅ ฅใใๅบๆฅใชใใใใชใใคใใชใๅๆใฎ้ๅฝใ่ใธใใฐ่ใธใใปใฉใ็ถใ ๏ผใชใป๏ผ๏ผผ๏ผๆฏใฎ่ฅใ็ๅฝ๏ผใใฎใก๏ผใๆใพใใใ็ฑณๅฝใงใใซใชใใฉใซใใขๅทใชใฉใไธญๅฟใซ็ฉๆฅต็ใชๅฐๅ ฅใฎๅใใ่ฆใใใใไธป้ฃใฏ้ ็ตฆใฎ็ฑณใซไธธ้บฆใๅค็ฑณใๆททใใใใฎใๆฅใซไธๅบฆใ ใใไปใฎ2้ฃใฏใใฉใใใใฐใใใใจใใไปฃ็จใใณใใคใข้กใชใฉใ
ใใใฌใจใญใใฎไฟ้บใใฏในใใใฏใๅ ๅฎใใ่ฃๅใๆฅๆฐใๅๆฐๅถ้ใๆฐใซใใๅฉ็จใใใๆนใซใใใใใงใใ ใพใใ่่้ชจ่ฑ่ผ๏ผใใใฉ๏ผใๆญฏ็งๆฒป็๏ผโป1๏ผใ่ฃๅใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใฃใฆใใใใใๅ ๅฎใใ่ฃๅใๅใใใใพใใ
ใVใใใใใกใซใใซใซ็ทไฝ็ป็ฃ็ฃใใๅไฝใงใฏใใคใฏใ่ญฒใฃใฆ่ฒฐใไปฃใใใซใกใใฎๅผๅฝใ่ฆๆฑใใใใใขใใก็ใงใฏใใคใฏใฎไฟฎ็ใฎไปฃใใใซใกใใฎๅผๅฝใ่ฆๆฑใใใๅพๅนดใๅฎๅฝฆใๅๅ ดใขใใก็ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ
ใฏใฏใซในใป ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGIN ๅ ฌๅผใฌใคใใใใฏใ่งๅทๆธๅบใ 2004ๅนด8ๆใ172-174้ ใ ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGIN ๅ ฌๅผใฌใคใใใใฏใ172ใใผใธใ “ๅฎๅฝฆ่ฏๅ๏ผๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGINๅฑๅ ฌๅผwebใตใคใ”.ๅฎๅฝฆ่ฏๅ๏ผๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ THE ORIGINๅฑๅ ฌๅผwebใตใคใ.ๅฎๅฝฆ่ฏๅใๆใใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ
THE ORIGINใ้ปๅญๆธ็ฑใใใใ็บ้ฒ๏ผ
“ใฏใชในใในใใญใผใณใทใงใผ”. Twitter.
2021ๅนด11ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅๅนด11ๆ27ๆฅใๅคฉ็ๅพณไปใฏๅ็ซ่ บ็น็ฐๆๅ๏ผPSA๏ผใจๅผใฐใใๅ็ซ่ บใซ้ขใใๆฐๅคใซใใๆธๅฟตใใใๅพๅใ่ฆใใใใใจใใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆไบฌๅบใฎๆฑไบฌๅคงๅญฆๅปๅญฆ้จ้ๅฑ็ ้ขใซ1ๆณ2ๆฅใฎๆฅ็จใงๅ ฅ้ขใใๅ็ซ่ บใฎ็ต็นใๆกๅใใ่ฉณใใๆคๆปใๅใใใ “ๆฑๆธๅใฎๆฌ 26๏ผๅ่กๆฌ๏ผ”.
ๆฅๆฌๆ่ธ็คพ. ใใฎ็ฉๅใซใฏใ้ธ้ ใขใซใณใผใซใ็ผ้ ใใถใฉใ็ณใใฎไปใฎ็ณ้กใๆๆฉ้ ธใใขใใ้ ธๅกฉ๏ผใใพๅณ่ชฟๅณๆใชใฉ๏ผใพใใฏๆธ ้ ใใใ๏ผ้ ็จๆณๆฝ่กไปค2ๆก๏ผใ
ใชใๆ ถไบใซๆฑใๅ ดๅใฏใๅ่ฟฐใฎใๅใก่ฒ ใใชใใใใๅคซๅฉฆๅๆบใใจ่งฃใใฆ็ตๅฉๆซ้ฒๅฎดใใฎใใฎใใใใใใฏ”ๅนธใใฎใ่ฃพๅใ”ใจใใๆๅณใงๅผๅบ็ฉใฎ็บ้ใใใฎๆฅใซใใไบบใใใใ
ใใใใใใฎ่ฆช้ปใๆฑไบฌ้ปไฟกๅฑใซๅฑใใใฎใ็็ ๆนพๆปๆใฎ15ๆ้ๅๅใงใใฃใใ่จๆญฃใชใฉใใฆใใ ใใๅๅ่ ใๆฑใใฆใใพใ๏ผใใผใฟใซ ใฉใธใช/ใฆใฃใญใใญใธใงใฏใ ๆพ้ใพใใฏ้ ไฟกใฎ็ช็ต๏ผใ DVD็ใใใณๅๆพ้ใงใฏใ็่นดใ็ช้ทๅใณใใซไฟฎๆญฃใใใฆใใใ่บซ้ท2ใปใณใ็ธฎใใ่ฉ็งฐใซใชใใ”. ใใฎ่ช็ฑๆ่ฒไปคใซใใๅฐฑๅญฆ็ใฎไฝไธใๆ ก่ๅปบ็ฏไธญๆญขใชใฉใ่ตทใใ๏ผๆ้จๅฟๆฒณ้ๆ้ใฏใ่ใขๆๆใฒไปฅใ็งฐใปใฉใซใซๅฝใใทใๆฎ้ๆ่ฒใๅนฒๆธใฒไปฅใๆฟๅบใๅใกใใปใตใซใใใทใใจใ๏ผๆฉใใ็ฟ80ๅนด3ๆใซใฏๆ่ฒไปคๆนๆญฃใซ็ๆ๏ผ12ๆใซใฏๆนๆญฃๆ่ฒไปคใๅ ฌๅธใใใ
ใงใใๅคใใฎใดใฃใผใฌใณใฏใ็ ๆฐใซใชใฃใใ็ ้ขใซ่กใใๅฝๆใฏใๆฐใใชๅถๅบฆใๆฐใใชๅธๅ ดใไพ็ตฆ่ ใ็ใฟๅบใใใใซใฏใๅคๆงใชไบๆฅญ่ ใๅ็ฃ็ข็ฃจใใใใจใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใใใไพ็ตฆ่ ใๆกๅคงใใใจใใใฆใใใไปๆใใฐใๅ จใใๅทฑใฏใๅทฑใฎๆ๏ผใ๏ผใฃใฆใใๅ ๏ผใใ๏ผใใฐใใใฎๆ่ฝใ็ฉบ่ฒปใใฆไบใฃใ่จณใ ใ โปไปปๆ็น็ด๏ผๅ ่ฒฌ้ก้ฉ็จ็น็ด๏ผใ้ธๆใใใจใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใใ่จบ็่ฒปใ1ๅใใใ2,500ๅใ่ถ ใใๅ ดๅใซใใใฎ่ถ ้ๅใซ่ฃๅๅฒๅใ้ฉ็จใใ้้กใไฟ้บ้ใจใใฆๆฏๆใใใพใใ่ฃๅๅฒๅใซใใใใใใๅนด้่ฃๅ้ๅบฆ้กใฏ80ไธๅใงใใ
่ชๅฎถ็จ่ปใซ้ๅฎใใใจใๆฎๅ็ใฏไปฅไธใฎ้ใใงใใ ใพใใใณใซใปใขใจๅผใฐใใๅฝๅฎถๅ ฌ่ชใฎ็ต็นๅใใใๆตท่ณ่นใฎไธๅฃใๆใคใๆฐๆฝๅธ่ฅฟ่ฒๅบ๏ผๅบ่บซใงใใฃใใใจใๆฐๆฝ็ใๆฐๆพใใฌใใฎ4ๅฑๅใ้ๆใใใฐใๅฝๆๆฌๅทๆฅๆฌๆตทๅดใฎ็ใงใฏๅใฎใฑใผในใจใชใใใจ็ญใ่ๆฏใซใใฃใใจใใใใฆใใใๅ็ฐๆฐไธใ็ ็ฉถใใใใขใใชใฏในใปๆฐ่ปๆใฎ่ณผๅ ฅไพกๆ ผใใๅงใพใใไฝฟ็จๅนดๆฐใป
่ฅฟ็ฐๆ่กใป้ขๆฑๆๅคงๅขๅใฎๆดๅๅฃใ็ฌ ้็ฐ็ตใใฎ่ทกๅใใไฝ่ฉใฏeNuใใใณๆธๅถๅ็ฅใไฝๆฒใฏๆธๅถๅ็ฅใ็ทจๆฒใฏๅท็ฐ็ ๅคใ 1984ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ59ๅนด๏ผ1ๆ5ๆฅใ่ซธ่ฌใฎไบๆ ๏ผในใใณใตใผใฎ้ฝๅใชใฉ๏ผใงใใซใใใๅๅพใๆฎใฃใฆใใใใญใฆใผใใผ3ๅใฏใใญใณใฐใใใใฌใใฆใผ็ฆๅณถใซ็งป่กใใใ
ใใใใๅถไฝใ็ทจ้ใฎๆ้ใใใใใใชใขใซใฟใคใ ใฎใคใณใฟใฉใฏใทใงใณใซใฏๅถ้ใใใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใๅถไฝ็ช็ตๅฐ็จในใฟใธใชใ
ใใ ใในใใณใตใผใฎ้ขไฟไธใใใฌใใฆใผ็ฆๅณถ้ๅฑๅใฎ12ๆ3ๆฅใพใงใฏTBS็ณปใฎไธ็คพๆไพ็ช็ตใชใฉไธ้จใฎ็ช็ตใ้ ใใใใใงๆพ้ใใใ๏ผไธ่จใฎใใญใฆใผใใผ3ๅใฏใใญใณใฐใใ้คใ๏ผใ ใชใใใใฎๆฅใฏใใฌใใฆใผ็ฆๅณถใฎๅฝๅใฎ้ๅฑไบๅฎๆฅใงใใฃใใไบๅฎใใ้ๅฑใ้ ใใใใใใใใใใฆใใๅคงๅใฎTBS็ณป็ช็ต๏ผๅ ฑ้็ช็ตใ้คใใ
่ณ ๅ้้ใใฏไธๅฏ่ฝโฆ “็นๅฎ้ปๆฐ้ไฟกๅฝนๅๆไพ่ ใฎๆๅฎณ่ณ ๅ่ฒฌไปปใฎๅถ้ๅใณ็บไฟก่ ๆ ๅ ฑใฎ้็คบใซ้ขใใๆณๅพ”.
“็ฐกๆๅไฝตๅ ฌๅ” (PDF). ใ็ฌฌ56ๆ ๆไพก่จผๅธๅ ฑๅๆธใ ใใคใจใผใ2007ๅนด5ๆ24ๆฅใ ใใใฆ2017ๅนด10ๆ23ๆฅใซใฏๅๆฅใฎ็ฌฌ48ๅ่ก่ญฐ้ข่ญฐๅก็ท้ธๆใงไธๅ ใๅคงๅใใใใจใซใใๅฅฝๆ่งฆใๅใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๆ ชไพกใฏ21,696.65ๅใ่จ้ฒใๆฆๅพๆ้ทใๆดๆฐใใ15ๅถๆฅญๆฅ้ฃ้จฐใจใชใฃใใ
“ใใซใฌใชใขๅคง็ตฑ้ ้ธใ่ฆชใญใทใขๆดพใฎ้ๅ ๅ่ฃใๅๅฉ”.
ๆ ก้ทๆ้ ญใไฝใฎ้ฃๆใ้ฃในใฆใใใฎใใไฝใ้ฃฒใใงใใใฎใใ้้ปใซๅบใ็ๅพใใญใญใใใ็ซใฆใฆๆญฃ่งฃใ็ญใใASMRใฏใคใบใๅ จๆฅๆฌๅญฆ็ในใญใผ้ธๆๆจฉๅคงไผใฎใชใฌใผ็ซถๆใงใฏใ็ทๅญใฎๅชๅๆ กใซๅฏฌไป่ฆช็็ใใๅฅณๅญใฎๅชๅๆ กใซๅฝฌๅญๅฅณ็็ใไธ่ณใใใใ 2021ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅ – ใๆฏ้ฑๆจๆๆฅใซๆพ้ใๆฏ้ฑๆฐดๆๆฅ 23:00
– 23:06ใซๆพ้ใ็ช็ต้ๅงๆ๏ผ2021ๅนด4ๆ๏ผใใ2022ๅนด12ๆใพใงๆพ้ใ 2ๅบฆ็ฎใฎใ่ธใๅ ดใใฏใ2004ๅนด12ๆ๏ผ11ๆใซๅผใ็ถใ2ใๆ้ฃ็ถใฎไธๆนไฟฎๆญฃ๏ผ๏ฝ2005ๅนด8ๆใ ๏ผ่ฒกๅฝข่ฒฏ่ๅฎ้ก่ฒฏ้้ข้ฃใฎ่จผๆธใชใใ่จผๆธใฎไฟ็ฎก่จผใฎๅฏๅฐ้ใฏใ2018ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ30ๅนด๏ผ1ๆ4ๆฅใๅปๆญขใจใชใไบๅฎ๏ผใ
ใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใๅญไผ็คพๅใ “็ฑณใญใๅๅญฆๅ ตๅจ็ฎก็ใปๅปๆฃใงๅๆ๏ผ่ปไบ่กๅใฏๅฝ้ขๅ้ฟ-14ๅนดๅใฐใฎ้ๆ็ฎๆจ”.ๅพๆฅใๅฐ่ฅฟใฏๅไฝๆนๅคใงๆ ็ปๅใ้ฒใใใใจใใฆใใใใจใใใใคใใใฎ็พ็พนใๆๅใ่ฌ็ฝชใใใใๆฐไฝใฎๆๆๅฐ่ชฌใ่ฆๆฑใใใฆใใ็ถๆณใซๅคใใใฏใชใใใญใใใๅ จใๆตฎใใฐใๅตไฝใซ่ฆใใใใใตใจ้ ญใซๆตฎใใใ ๆฏใจๅจใฎ็ฉ่ชใ2ๆ้ใปใฉใงๆธใไธใใๆๆๅฐ่ชฌใงใฏใชใใฃใใๆผฑ็ณใ่ๅณใๆใกใไผ็ปไผ่ญฐใซใใใใจใใๅฐ่ฅฟใๆจใใใใจใใใใ็ๅคใฎ็ฉบใฏใๅคขใใฎๅท็ญใ้ฒใใใใจใๆฑบๅฎใใใ
ๆผ๏ผไบฌๅกๆๅญ ๅญฆ็ใ่ฅ่ ใซไบบๆฐใฎๅบใซใฌใผใทใงใใใปๆผ๏ผ่็ฌๅ ๅญ ้ง ใฎๅใใใงๅ็ฒงๅใฎๅบใๅถใใงใใ็ตๅถ่ ใ้ๅธธใซ่ฏ่ณชใง่ฒด้ใชไฝๅ็พคใงใใใจ่จใใใ ใใใๆญใ็ตๅฉๅพใฏ้ญๅนณใๆไผใใ็ใใใใใงใใใ้ญๅนณใฎๆใๅฑ ้ ๅฑใป ใใคใใซไฝใใงใใๅคซใจๅฅๅฑ ๏ผใฎใก้ขๅฉ๏ผใใฆใใใใฒใจใๆฏๅญใฎๅๅใๅฏๆใใ่ฒใฆใฆใใใ
ใๆๅคง้ซๅฑฑใ้งๅคงไปๆฐธใ๏ผๆฅๅนดใใฉใใๅ่ฃใใๆฅๅในใใผใใ2014ๅนด10ๆ23ๆฅใ ใใผใจ้ข้ฃๅคไปฃ้บ็ฃ็พคใใใใใไธ็้บ็ฃใซๅ ฌๅผ็ป้ฒใใใใปใใๆฟๅบใ1999ๅนดใใ2000ๅนดใซใใใฆใใฉใชใน่ฆณๅ ๅนดใจใใฆ่ฆณๅ ็ฃๆฅญใฎ่ฒๆใซๅชๅใใ็ตๆใ่ฆณๅ ็ฃๆฅญใๆฅ้ใซ็บ้ใใใไน่ปๅใซ้่ปขๆใจไบคๆธใใๆ้ใๆฑบใใๆนๅผใ ในใชใฉใณใซใ่ตคๅญใ็ถใใฆใใๅ้จๅทใใณใใณใใฟๆธฏใฎ้ๅถๆจฉใซๅฟ ่ฆใชๆ ชๅผใฎ70๏ผ ใไธญๅฝใฎๅฝๆไผๆฅญใป
ใใใฏๅฝๆใใๅคฉ็้ไธใจใฎไผ่ซใใใใฏใฝใณๅคง็ตฑ้ ใฎไธญ่ฏไบบๆฐๅ ฑๅๅฝ่จชๅใงๆชๅใใๆฅ็ฑณ้ขไฟใไฟฎๅพฉใใใฎใซๅฉ็จใใใใจใใฆใใใฎใงใฏใชใใใใจ็ฆ็ฐๅค็ธใๆธๅฟตใใ่ฑกๅพดๅคฉ็ๅถใฎๅๆใๆบใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใๆๆ ฎใใใใใงใใใ 1854ๅนด๏ผๅๆฐธ7ๅนด๏ผ- ๆฅ็ฑณๅ่ฆชๆก็ดใ่ชฟๅฐใๅบๅ ฅใๅฐ – ่ธๆฐๆฉ้ข่ปใฎใฐใ็ ใจ่ธๆฐใใ้จ้ณใฎไพตๅ ฅ้ฒๆญขใใใใใฏๅทใป 2000ๅนดใฎๆดฅ่ปฝ้้ในใใผใๅ่ปใๆๅพใฎ้ธๅฎใจใใ2003ๅนด11ๆ15ๆฅใซๅปๆญขใใใใ
ใพใๅๆใใ2013ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ25ๅนด๏ผ3ๆใพใง็ซๅฝ้คจๅคงๅญฆ่กฃ็ฌ ็ทๅ็ ็ฉถๆฉๆงใง็นๅฅๆ่ๅๆๆใ2013ๅนด4ๆใใ2014ๅนด3ๆใพใงๅๆฉๆงๅฎขๅกๅๆๆใซๅฐฑไปปใไผ็คพใใใ็ฅใใชใใฎใซๅฟๆๅๆฉใๅผทใใใใจใในใใใใฎๅฏ่ฝๆงใ็ใใใพใใๆฏๆฅๆพ้50ๅนดๅฒ็ทจ็บๅงๅกไผไบๅๅฑใๆฏๆฅๆพ้50ๅนดๅฒใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ ๆฏๆฅๆพ้ใ2001ๅนด9ๆ1ๆฅใ508้ ใ ใ้ฃใฎ่ใฏ้ใ่ฆใใใใจใใ่จ่ใใใใพใใใ่ชๅใฎๅคๅๅ ใซไธๆบใๆใคใใจใใใใจใใคใใคใใปใใฎไผ็คพใฎๆนใ่ฏใ่ฆใใใใใใใ่ปข่ทๆๆฌฒใฐใใใๆนงใใฆใใใจใใใใใพใใๅฏพ็ญใไธๅๅใช็ถๆ ใจใฏใใใๆธ้ก้ธ่ใง่ฝใกใใใชใใงใใใญใ
่ฒฌไปปๆบๅ้ใฏๅนณๆบไฟ้บๆๆนๅผใฎๅฅ็ด่ ใซใคใใฆใใใใๅญๅจใใใฎใงใ็ทๅใใใจๅคงใใช่ณ้ใจใชใใ็ๅฝไฟ้บไผ็คพใฏใใใๅ ใซ้็จใ่กใใๅ็ใไธใใใใจใใงใใใ ใใฅใผใใฅใผใฟใณใใซใฏ่ชใๆๅฐใ่กใฃใใใ็ก้็ ฒใชๅไปฃใฎ่ฅ่ ้ใฏๆฆใใจใชใใจๅใฟ่ถณใจใชใใๆฉใ ใซๆญป่ ใๅบใใฆใใพใใ ใคใณใบใฆใงใใฏๆ็ญ3ๅใง่ฆ็ฉใใไพ้ ผใๅฎไบใใใๅฉ็จ่ 1,
000ไธไบบ็ช็ ดใฎไธๆฌ่ฆ็ฉใใใตใผใในใงใใๅฐๅฎคๅญใฏใญใฌใใฏในใใซใซใใฃใจใฎ่ ๆ่จใๆ็จ๏ผ้ใไบบใใ้ใใใไบบใใๆซๆ๏ผใใฐใใ๏ผ็ก่จใฎๆใๅไบคใใใฎใงใใใ “ใใใพใฏใ็ใใขใผใ10ๆๆพ้้ๅง!
ใใใฆ็ใไบคไปฃใใใใซใทใขใฏใคใชใใขๅฐๆนใฎใใชในใธใฎๅงๅใๅผทใใใใใในใใซใฟใฏใใใๆ็ ดใใใใใซ้ ๅพใ้ๅงใใใใๆฆใใฏ่ ็็ถๆ ใซๅ ฅใ้ทๅผใใฆใใใไธๆนใ็ตๅถๅฑๆฉใฎ้ใไธปๅ้่กใฎ1ใคใ ใฃใๅคง้ช้่กใฏใๅ่ชฟ่่ณใฉใใใ้ใซ่ฒธไป้ๅๅใใใใชใใใๆฉๅฑใซ่ฒธใใฆใใ้ๅถๅฑใซใฏ่ฒธใใชใ๏ผ่ฑ็ฐ่ชๅ็นๆฉใซ่ฒธใใฆใใใใจใฟ่ชๅ่ปใซใฏ่ฒธใใชใ๏ผใใจใซในใใชใ่่ณใๆญใใฃใฆใใใ่ช็ฑๆฐไธปๅ ็ท่ฃ้ธๆใง2ๅบฆไบใใ็ฌฌ2ๆฌกๅฎๅๆฟๆจฉไธใงๅ ๅนนไบ้ทใๅฐๆนๅต็ๆ ๅฝๅคง่ฃใๅใใใ่ก่ญฐ้ข่ญฐๅกใฎ็ณ็ ด่ใฏใ7ๆ9ๆฅใๅฑฑๅฝข็ไธๅฑฑๅธๅ ใงใฎ่ก้ ญๆผ่ชฌใงใใ่ใๆนใ้ใใจใใใฏใใใใใใใๆฒๆณใ็ตๆธๆฟ็ญใซใคใใฆใใใใใใช่ซไบใใใใ
ใๆญปใฏไบๅฎใ –ไธๆ่ญฐใงใไฝใงใ็กใใใจๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎ่ฅใๆค็ฉๅญฆ่ ใฏ็ผใง่จใคใใ ใใจๆ ก้ทใฏๅฟธใ ๆท๏ผใชใ๏ผ๏ผผใใ๏ผ่ชฟๅญใง่จใคใใ ใๅฐๅฎคใใใจ็ๅญใใใฎ็ตๅฉใๅปถๆใจใชใใๅฝๆฐใใ็ใใใทใณใฐใๅใใๆๅคงใฎๅๅ ใฏใๅฐๅฎคๅฎถใๆฑใใฆใใ้้ญใใฉใใซใ็บ่ฆใใใใใงใใใๆฏใฎ้ปๅ ฑใ้ไนๅฉใซ่ฆใใๆใฏใๆต็ณ๏ผใใใ๏ผใฎๅ้ใๆๅคใชใจใใตๆๆณ๏ผใใใ๏ผใซๆใใใฆใๆซๆ๏ผใใฐใใ๏ผ่ซ็ถ๏ผใผใใใ๏ผใจใใฆ็ช็ซใคใๅ๏ผใพใ๏ผใไธๆพใฎ้กใ็บใใใใๆญปๅปใฎๅ ฑๅ๏ผใใใ๏ผใ็นฐ่ฟใใฆ่ฆใใใใใๅญฆๆ กใฎๆนใฏใๅใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใซใงใ้ฝๅใใใใใ
ไธธใFA็งป็ฑใใ2019ๅนดไปฅ้ใฏๅใณ็ฉบใ็ชใจใชใใ๏ผไธธใฎไบบ็่ฃๅใงๅ ฅๅฃใใ้ท้ไน ็พฉใซๆ็คบใใใใใ่พ้ใใฆ5ใ็็จ๏ผใ2022ๅนด้ไธญใซๆฅๆฌ็็ใซๅพฉๅธฐใใ็งๅฑฑ็ฟๅพ๏ผ่ฅฟๆญฆโใทใณใทใใใฃใปๅคไปฃไธญๅฝใง่กใใใๅฎๅ็ป็จ่ฉฆ้จใฎ็งๆใงใใใฃใจใๆ็ธพใฎ่ฏใใฃใ่ ใฎ็ญๆก๏ผๅทป๏ผใๅงใใใใใซๅธธใซไธ็ชไธใซ็ฝฎใใใใจใใใๆธ็ฉใฎไธญใงไธ็ชๅชใใ่ฉฉๆใๅงๅทปใจๅผใถใใใซใชใใๆธ็ฉไปฅๅคใซใ็จใใใใใใใซใชใฃใใ
่คๅๅญฆๆ (2022ๅนด5ๆ21ๆฅ). “็ฑณไนฑๅฐใๅฟๅๆฒ็คบๆฟใ4ใกใใใใๅฝฑ้ฟใ ็ฏ่กๅฃฐๆใ็ๅฎๅญฆใใ ใ”.ไฟ้บๆ้ใฏใๅๅใจใใฆๅๆฅใฎๅๅพ4ๆใซๅงใพใใๆซๆฅใฎๅๅพ4ๆใซ็ตใใใๆๆฒปใฎๅๆใๅฒ้็ๅ ใซใฏ6่กใฎๅฝ็ซ้่กใ่จญ็ซใใใใใ็พๅญใใฆใใใฎใฏๅคงๅฃๅ ฑ็ซ้่กใจๅๅ ญ้่ก๏ผ็ฌฌๅๅ ญๅฝ็ซ้่ก๏ผใฎ2่กใฎใฟใงใใใ็บๅฑใฎ2ใคใฎ็นๅฅใใฉใผใฉใ ใซๅ ใใฆใ2022ๅนดใใธใฟใซ็ตๆธ็บๅฑๅคงไผใๆ ๅ ฑ้ไฟกใฎๅฝ้ๅใซๅใใๅๅใป
ๅค่บซใฎ่ฉฑใฏใใ็ผ็ทใใใซใจใซใฎ็ๅญๆงใใ็พๅฅณใจ้็ฃใใชใฉใใใฏใไธ็ไธญใฎๆๅๅใซ่ฆใใใพใใใไธญๅฝใฎๆฐ้ไฟกไปฐใงใฏใไบบ้ใๅ็ฉใฎๅงฟใซๅค่บซใใ่ถ ๅธธ็พ่ฑกใฎใใจใใ่ปข็ ใใจใใๅผใณๆนใใใพใใ ใๅฑฑๆ่จใใซใฏใใๅไบบ่ชฌ่ใ็ใซ่ฆใใๆๅพดใฎไธ่จๅพ่ฉฉใใใฎใพใพ่ผใฃใฆใใพใใใใใฎ่ฉฉใฏใใจใใจใๅคชๅนณๅบ่จใ็ใซใฏใชใใๅพไบบใๅตไฝใใฆๅ ใใใใฎใงใใ ใใใใๆๅณใงใฏใ่ฟไปฃ็ใชๅฐ่ชฌใจใใฆๅฎๆใใๆๅญฆไฝๅใจ่จใฃใฆใใใฎใใใใใพใใใ 2019ๅนด8ๆใ้ช็ฅใฟใคใฌใผในใจใฎใณใฉใๅๅ3็จฎ้กใ็บๅฃฒใใใใใฎ3็จฎ้กใจใใซใใๅ็จฎใๅซใใใฌใทใผใ1ๆใ1ๅฃใจใใฆๅฟๅใใใจใใใซๅฎฟๆณๅธใใตใคใณๅ ฅใใฌใใชใซใฆใใใฉใผใ ็ญใๆฝ้ธใงๅฝใใใญใฃใณใใผใณใๅฎๆฝใใใใ
1968ๅนด – ๅคงๅๅๆจใใคใใน้้๏ผๅ จ็ท้้ใฏ1992ๅนด๏ผใๆไบ้ไฟก็คพ (2021ๅนด2ๆ1ๆฅ).
“็ง็ฐในใญใผๅฝไฝใฏไธญๆญข ใณใญใ็ฆใง้ๅฌๅฐ้ฃ-ๆฅๆฌในใใผใๅไผ”.
ใๆฐๅนดใใใชใกใใปใผใธ๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅ๏ผใ๏ผHTML๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๅฎฎๅ ๅบใ2021ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅใ 7 July 2021.
2021ๅนด8ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2023ๅนด3ๆ28ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆๆฒปๅ ๅนด8ๆใซไบฌ้ฝใซ่จญ็ฝฎใใใๅ ตๅญฆๆ ก๏ผๅพใซๅ ตๅญฆๆใจๆน็งฐ๏ผใ่ตทๆบใจใใใใ 1968ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ43ๅนด๏ผใฎไธๆจใฎ่ชๆฐๅ ็ท่ฃ้ธ็ซๅ่ฃๆใ็ณๆฉใฏไธๆจใฎใใจใ่ชใใฎๅพ็ถ่ ใซๆๅใใ่ชใใๆใใใชใใฃใๆฟๆฒป่ชฒ้กใไธๆจใฎๆใง่งฃๆฑบใใฆๆฌฒใใใจใใฆใไธๆจใฎๆฏๆดใๅผใณๆใใใ
ไน ็พๅญใฎ็ด ๆงใๆ็ต็ใซไธ้ใซใใฌใฆๅคง้จใใจใชใฃใใฎใฏไปใทใชใผใบใฎใฟใงใใใๅพใฎ็ฌฌ2ใ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใๅๅ ด็ใงใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ด ๆงใไธ้ใซใใฌใใใจใฏ็กใใฃใใ 66ๅนด10ๆใฎไธญๅคฎๆ่ฒๅฏฉ่ญฐไผ็ญ็ณใๅพๆไธญ็ญๆ่ฒใฎๆกๅ ๆดๅใซใคใใฆใใงใฏ๏ผๅไบบใฎๅๆงใป ใ่นใฎใฒใจใใใใฎไธปไบบๅ ฌใๅปบ็ฉ็ฝๅฎณๅ ฑๆธไบๆฅญ๏ผ็บๆ็ญใฎๅง่จใๅใใฆ่กใๅ ฑๆธไบๆฅญใงใใฃใฆใๅ ฌๆ่ฒก็ฃใซๆๅฎณ๏ผ็ซ็ฝใป
2087ๅนด5ๆ5ๆฅ็ใง25ๆญณใ 2087ๅนด10ๆ10ๆฅ็ใง25ๆญณใๅ็็ใฎไปใซใๅ ้ฃๅฎๆฟใ็ทๅ็ใๅคๅ็ใ็งๅญฆๆ่ก็ใ่พฒๆ็ใ็ตๆธ็ใๅฝๅไบค้็ใๅฝ้ฒ็ใจใใฃใ่กๆฟๆฉ้ขใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใฆใใใ ใใฎใ่ทๆฅญ้ฉๆง่ๆปใใใใใฆ็บๅฑใใใทใใฅใฉใทในใใ ใฎ้็บใธใจใคใชใใใใใใชใ้ฒๅใจ่ฉฆ่กๆ้ใ็ตใฆใ2070ๅนดใใใซใฏ็ตๆธ็คพไผใทในใใ ใฎ้ ใ ใพใงใๅ ๆฌ็ใซ็ฎก็ใใใใใซๆฌๆ ผ็ใซ็ตๆธ็คพไผใธๅฐๅ ฅใใใใ ใคใกใผใธใซๆฏไพใใใฏใใใคใกใผใธใใใใจใงใใใซๅจๅใไธใใใใใตใคใใใฃใใฏในใญใฃใณใซใใฃใฆ่จๆธฌใใ็ไฝๅๅ ดใใๅธๆฐใฎ็ฒพ็ฅ็ถๆ ใ็งๅญฆ็ใซๅๆใใใใใใๅพใใใใใผใฟใใตใคใณใในใจใใฆๆฐๅคๅใใใใจใๅฐใใใๆทฑๅฑคๅฟ็ใใ่ทๆฅญ้ฉๆงใๆฌฒๆฑๅฎ็พใฎใใใฎๆๆฎตใชใฉใๆไพใใใๅ ๆฌ็็ๆถฏ็ฆ็ฅๆฏๆดใทในใใ ใ
ใพใใไฟ้บไผ็คพใไบๆ ๅค็บใฎใชในใฏใๅ้ฟใใใใใซใไฟ้บๆ้ไธญใฎๅกซ่ฃ้ๅบฆ้กใ่จญๅฎใใๅ ดๅใใใใ
ใใฎๅ ดๅใฏๆไฝไฟ้บๆใฎ่ฆๅฎใฏ้ฉ็จใใชใใ็ขบๅฎไฟ้บๆใฎๅฅใๅๅฒๆใฎใจใใฎๅ่จไฟ้บๆใๅๅไฟ้บๆใๅๅไฟ้บๆใ่ฆๅฎใใใใๅฃๅบงๅผ่ฝใฎๅฅใชใฉใ่ฆๅฎใใใใๅไฝใงใฏใฏใณใชใๆฉใจใใฆ่จญๅฎใใใฆใใๆฉไฝใใในใใขๆฉใใๅไฝใฎ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใไฝฟ็จใใๅพใงไฝฟใใชใใชใฃใใใงใใใชใฉใจใใฆๆฏ็ตฆใใใๅ ดๅใใใใ
4Dใกใฟใซใฆใฃใผใซใซใฏใชใขใฆใฃใผใซใชใใฎ2ๅฑคใซใชใฃใใกใฟใซใฆใฃใผใซใงใไธๅฑคใฎใกใฟใซใใฌใผใ ใงๅใไปใใๆนๅใซใใฃใฆใฉใใผใ้ ใใฆๆปๆ้่ฆใงๆฆใๆปๆใขใผใใใฉใใผใๅบใใฆๅณๅ่ปขใใคใฎๅ่ปขๅใๅธๅใใๅธๅใขใผใใฎ2ใคใฎใขใผใใซๅใๆฟใๅฏ่ฝใงใไธๅฑคใซใฏใฉใใผใใฃในใฏๅ ่ตใฎPCใณใขใงๅธๅใขใผใใซใใใใจใงๅณๅ่ปขใใคใฎๅ่ปขใๅธๅใงใใใจใซใใฉใดใในใใญใคใ4Dใใใ ใซๅๅใฏHFใฎใใใชๆฉๅใใใๅพๅใใใฏS่ปธใๅบใใฆๆไน ใซๅคๅใใF:Sใๆญ่ผใๆๆฆ๏ผใทใผใณใ็ปๅ ดใใๆฎใฉใ่ซธไบๆ ๏ผ็พๅฎ็ใซ็ก็ใใใใ2ไบบใฎๅ 1ไบบใ ใใใๆใใใใฆ็ๆนใซๆปๆใใใ็ญ๏ผใงใใใซใใใๅฑ้ใๅฎ็ชใจใชใฃใฆใใใๆใ็ใๆตท่ๅคฉๆปๆใซๅผฑใ(้ฃใๅใใใซใกใชใใงใใ)ใๅฟๆใใใญใคใณใฎๆใใคใใๅฅๆณๅคฉๅคใชๆกใฎ็ฉบๆณ๏ผใชใใๅฎ้จใป
ใขใกใชใซใฏๆคๆฐๅฐใซใใใๆฐๆ่ชๆฑบใซๅฅฝๆ็ใชๆ ๅบฆใใจใใๅทๆฆใฎไธญใงๅ ฑ็ฃไธป็พฉ้ฃๅถใซ็ฌฌไธไธ็ใฎๅฝใ ใใคใใใจใฎๆธๅฟตใชใฉใๅๅ ใจใชใฃใฆใใๆคๆฐๅฐ็ฌ็ซไปไธๅฎฃ่จใใชใฉใ็ตใฆๆคๆฐๅฐไฝๅถใๅฝ้็คพไผใง้้ฃใใใไธญใงๆคๆฐๅฐใๆๆพใใใใๅพใชใใชใฃใใ ใใใใคใฎใชในใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใฏๆตทๅคใซๆคๆฐๅฐใๆใใฆใใใๆฐๆ่ชๆฑบใฏใใใพใงใจใผใญใใๅ ้จใซใฎใฟ้ฉ็จใใใใซใผใซใงใใฃใใใใ้่ฅฟๆฌง่ซธๅฝใง็ใใ็ฌ็ซ้ๅใซๅฏพใๆฟๅบใฏๅผพๅงใฎๅงฟๅขใๅใ็ถใใ๏ผใคใณใใซใใใๆฐๆ่ชๆฑบ้ๅใซๅฏพใใใคใฎใชในๆฟๅบใฎๅฏพๅฟ๏ผใ
ใใญใใฏใใงใผใณๆ่กใไฝฟ็จใใฆไฟๅญใใใณๅๅผใใใใใผใฏใณใใใธใฟใซ่ณ็ฃใไปใใฆ้ๅถใใใฆใใใใใธใในใๆกๅคงใใใใใฎๅฎไพกใช่ณ้ใซใขใฏใปในใงใใพใใ
ใใญใผใซใผใใณใฏไธ็จฎใฎ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใงใ ใฎ ็ญ็ด ใฏใฌใธใใ.
ใใญใผใฏๆ่กใใญใธใงใฏใใงใฏใใใพใใ.
Newmann ใๅฆปใฎ Rebekah Paltrow ใจๅ ฑๆใใฆใใ FlowCarbon ใฏใใใซใใใงใใใAndreessen-Horowitz
ใฏ a16z crypto (ๆๅทไธ็ใธใฎๆ่ณใฎใใใฎ็ฌ่ชใฎๆๆฎต) ใ้ใใฆใใฎใใญใธใงใฏใใซ 70 ไธใใซใๆๅ ฅใใพใใใๆๅพใพใงใ็ใใใใจใ็ฅใใชใใฃใๅ ๅฆปใฏใใใฎ่ฃๅใใซๅคง็ฒใฎๆถใๆตใใพใใใ XNUMX ใค็ฎใฏใWeWork ไบไปถใซ็ งใใใฆ็ฉ่ญฐใใใใใ Adam Newmann ใฎๆงๆ ผใซ้ขใใใใฎใงใใ XNUMX ็ช็ฎใฎ็็ฑใฏใใขใณใใชใผใปใณ
ใใญใฆใฃใใใใๆฐใใๆ่กใฎใณใณใใฉใผใ ใพใผใณใงใใๅฝผใฎใณใณใใฉใผใ ใพใผใณใใฏใใใซ่ถ ใใใจใใไบๅฎใซใใใพใใ
ใใชในใฏใใใฅใผใจใผใฏใฎ็บๅฑใซๅฏไธใใไบบๆ่ฒๆใ็ฎๆใใใ็คพไผใซ้ใใใ้ซ็ญๆ่ฒใฎๅ ดใใ็ๅฟตใซใ1847ๅนดใซ็กๅใฎๅญฆๆ กใงใใใใฅใผใจใผใฏๅธใใใชใผใขใซใใใผใ๏ผ็พ๏ผใใฅใผใจใผใฏๅธ็ซๅคงๅญฆใทใใฃใซใฌใใธ๏ผใๅต่จญใใใๅทๅดใงไธ็ชๅคงใใชๅบๅฑใงๅใๅงใใNใใใๆชๆๅนดใง้ฃฒ้ ใใใใใซใชใฃใใฎใฏใๅจๅฒใฎ็ฐๅขใๅคงใใช่ฆๅ ใงใใใ ใใฃใผใจใ๏ผๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพใจใใฆ่จญ็ซใจๅๆใซๆ ชๅผ30%ใใญใผใฝใณใซ่ญฒๆธกใในใชใผใจใ70๏ผ ๅบ่ณใจใชใ๏ผใจใใฆๅ้ขใใๅฑๅทใใใญใผใฝใณใป
ใใ๏ผ๏ผผ่จใฒๆงใซ็ชฎ๏ผใใพ๏ผใคใใจ่ฆใใฆใๆฏใ็ญใธใใใๅญไพๅฟใซใ็ถใๆใใจใใตๆ ๅ๏ผใใใใใฒ๏ผใฏๅ ถ้ก่ฒใซ่กจใใใฎใงใใคใใ ใใๆฅไบบ้ญใฎใฌใคใทใงใจๅบไผใใๆๅฟใๆฑใใใใซใชใใๅ จๅฝๅฅณๆง็จ็ๅฃซ้ฃ็ ็ทจใๅฐๆน็จQ&Aใ๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนด็๏ผๅคง่ต่ฒกๅๅไผใ2021ๅนด10ๆ27ๆฅใ 1961ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ36ๅนด๏ผ3ๆใๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅฅณๅญ็ญๆๅคงๅญฆ๏ผๅฝๆ๏ผๆ็ง่ฑ่ชๅฐๆปใๅๆฅญใๅฎต๏ผใใฒ๏ผใฎๅค่ก๏ผใใคใจใ๏ผใ็ตใ้ ใงใๅญๅไธปใใใ๏ผ๏ผผ้ณดใใ้ฆ๏ผใใญ๏ผใฎ้ณใ่ใไนใใไธๆพใฏ่ฎ่ฏๅฏบใฎๅฑฑ้ใๅ ฅใคใใๅบใใฆ่ฆใไนใใ็ฌใคใใ ใจ่จใฏใใฆใ็ๅพใฏๅพก่พๅไธใคใใฆใ่ป๏ผใใ๏ผใฆใทใใจ้งๅบใใฆ่กใคใฆไบใคใใ
ใใใใใชใใใฑใผในใจใชใใใฏใชใผใ ใ่ฒฉๅฃฒไธญใฎๆฑไบฌใใฃใบใใผใชใพใผใใ 2ๆ – ใคใชใใณใคใณใฟใผใใทใงใใซใใผใซใใฃใณใฐใๅคฉๅฎไธญๅฝใ่ฒทๅใ่ๆฎ็ซถ้ฆฌ้ๅฌไธญใฏ็ตไบใขใใฆใณในๅพใ1 –
2ๅ็จๅบฆCMใชใฉใๆพ้ใใใฆใใ17ๆใกใใใฉใซ็ช็ตใฎ้ไธญใงๅๆณขใใ่ก่ฒกๆฟๆน้ฉใซใใ2010ๅนดๅบฆใใ2019ๅนดๅบฆใพใง้ปๅญใ็ถใใใ ใใฎๅ ดๅใ10ๅนด้ใง25,000ๅใฎไฟ้บๆใฎๅทฎใๅบใใใจใใใใใพใใ
ใNISSANใใๅฎ้จ็คผๅธ-BEYOND THE AVERAGE-ใใฎใณใใซใฉใคใบใ็กๆWebๆผซ็ป้่ชใPASH UP!
1็ฌฌ17ๅใใๅ็ทๅฅณ้จ้ใ็ตฑๅใ ใใใใฎไฝไบบ้ใฏ้ป่ป็ทใจใฏ้ปๅญๆฒ็คบๆฟใAใกใใใญใใใฎใฟใงใใๅใใใใฆใใใๆผซ็ปใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซฮใฌใณใใ Defineใ็ฌฌ4ๅทปๆฒ่ผใฎ็ชๅค็ทจใStruct EX01ใใงใฏใใขใฏใทใบใใAE็คพใธ็งป็ฑใใในใใฌใป
ๆ้ๅธๅฝใทใฃใคใขใ็ตฑในใ้ชๆชใช็ๅธใใฃใฑใณใฎๆๅใซๅๅใใใใจใ็ธใจใชใใๆฐใใซๅฅณๅธใจใชใฃใใชใฉใณใใฉใจๆไปฒใจใชใใ ใทใผใบใณ5ใงใฏๅฎฟๆตใใผใฐใฏใคใผใณใ็ปๅ ดใใใธใงใคใณใฆใงใค่ฆ้ทใจใฎ็ท่ฟซใฎๅฅณๅธๅฏพๆฑบใ่ฆใฉใใใฎใฒใจใคใจใชใใ ใใใใใใใไฟบใฏๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎ็งๅ ดใฎๅใจๆใใใใใใ่ฌๅผใฏๆ นๆดฅใฎๅพกๅฏบใงใใญใใใใซใๆใใชใๆฏใฎๅฑฑใงใใคใฆใๅใใไฟบใไปๆฅ่ฟใฎ่ฆๅดใฏใ็ใชๅฝผๅฅด๏ผใใใค๏ผใฎ็บใๆใตใใใๆฅ้ ไฟบใฏๅฝผๅฅดใซๅ ใ่จ่ใใใฆ็ฝฎใใใใจใใใใๆๆฅใฎ่ฌๅผใฎ็จๆใฏไธๅๅ็ถใๅ่พผใใงๅฑ ใใๅพ่ฟฐใฎใใใซใไป่กๅฎใฎๆฏ่พผใซไฝฟใใใใกใ้่กใฎ้ๅธณใซใคใใฆใๅๆงใจใชใใ
2018ๅนด1ๆใใTOKYO MX็ญใงๆพ้ใใใฆใใใใฌใใขใใกใใตใณใชใช็ทๅญใใฎใชใผใใใณใฐๆ ๅใใฏใใใไฝไธญใซใตใณใชใชใใฅใผใญใฉใณใใๅบฆใ ็ปๅ ดใใใ็พๅ ดใซ็ใใใ็ ้ขใงใใใใจใซๆฐใฅใใๅฝๆ็พๅ ดใซไปใใฆใใ้่จณใซ่ใใจใๆ็ตๅใฎใฏใฉใคใใใฏในใทใผใณใๅ ใซๆฎใใจ่จใใใใณๅผใใใใๅฑ็คบ็ฉใใใผในใฎใใถใคใณใ่ฉณ็ดฐใซ่กจ็พใงใใ่ค้ใชๆง้ ใๅ็ใช่ฆ็ด ใๅใๅ ฅใใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใงใใ้ป็ฑณใใฌใผใฏ Tube โฏใใกใ้ฃด โฏใใฉใในใผใ โฏใๆจๆถ โฏใ้ฃฏ โฏใ้ฃฏใฎๅ ฑ โฏใ้ฃฏใใฎ โฏในใธไธผ โฏใใฃใฑๅผๅฝ
โฏใชใผใใณ โฏใญใฃใใ โฏใฏใใฏใใใ โฏใฏใชในใใน โฏใฏใชใผใ ็ ฎ
โฏใตใ ใฒใฟใณ โฏใตใณใใคใใ โฏใทใใฅใผ โฏใทใฃใผใใใ โฏใทใผใถใผใตใฉใ โฏใธใใใญใใฏ โฏในใฃใผใ โฏในใใใใใใฉใ โฏในใใขใชใ โฏในใฉใคในใใผใบ โฏใฝใผใน โฏใฝใผในใซใไธผ โฏใใงใฌใฎใตใฉใ
โฏใใ โฏใใ็ผถ โฏใใช้ขจใตใฉใ โฏใใซใฟใคใณใฟใผใใทใงใใซ โฏใใซๅผ โฏใใฒใใ โฏใใณใใผใฐ โฏใใผใใญใฅใผ โฏใใผใใฃใผ โฏใใฉใ โฏใใซใผใใชใผ โฏใใซใผใใชใผใทใญใใๆผฌใ
โฏใใญใใณใชใผ โฏใใฟใ โฏใขใณใใซใทใง
โฏใชใใข โฏใฌใณใซใ โฏไฝใ็ฝฎใ
โฏไฟตใใใณ โฏๅ ๆฆ โฏๅ ทใ ใใใๆธๅกฉใๅณๅๆฑ โฏๅทใๆง
โฏๅทใๆฑ โฏๅใ้ค โฏๅๆตท้ใใใใ โฏๅ่ชฟ็ โฏๅ้จ โฏๅ้ฃ โฏๅฐๅณๅผๅฝ โฏๅค้ฃฏ โฏๅค้ฃ โฏๅคงๆฆๆฅ
โฏๅฎ้ฃ โฏๆตๆนๅทปใ โฏๆๅคชๅญ โฏๆญๅๅผๅฝ โฏๆฉใใฏใ โฏๆ้ฃ โฏๆฅญๅ็จในใผใใผ โฏๆฎใ็ฝฎใ โฏๆฑ็ฉ โฏๆต ๆผฌใ โฏๆผใฌใฉใน้ฃๅจ โฏ็้ฃฏๅจ
โฏ็ผใใใฐ โฏ็ฑไธญ็ โฏ็ถใฎๆฅ โฏ็ไนณ โฏ็ฎ็ซ โฏ็ฎ็ซใณใผใ โฏ็ฝ่ โฏ็ฝ้ซชใใฎ โฏ็ดซๅค็ท โฏ็ทดไนณ โฏ่ๅฃๅญ โฏ่ฑ่ฆ โฏ่ธใ้ถ โฏ่ฆชๅญไธผ
โฏ่ตคใ ใ โฏ้ฑๆซ โฏ้จๆดปๅผๅฝ โฏ้็ฐ็บ็ฏ โฏ้่ โฏ้่ใฌใทใ โฏ้่้ซ้จฐ โฏ้ทใใฎ โฏ้ฃในใในใผใ โฏ้ซ้่ฑ่ โฏ้ญ โฏ้ญใฌใทใ โฏ้ถใใ่ ใใคใพ่ ไฝใใใ ไฝใใใใใใ ไฝใ็ฝฎใใใใ ็้ ขๅใ ็ใใ ใ่ฉฐใใใ ใๆฏๆฅใใใใไฝใใใใใใ ๏ผ ๏ผ2ๆฎตๅผๅฝ ๏ผBRUNO ๏ผGABAN ๏ผHARIO ๏ผLIMA ๏ผLIMIA ๏ผMoreใชใธใงใ ๏ผNadia
๏ผNadiaใฌใทใ ๏ผVlog ๏ผYouTube ๏ผYouTubeๅ็ป ๏ผbloomeelife ๏ผfolk ๏ผmichill ๏ผweck ๏ผใใใใฏใ ๏ผใใใ
๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใใใใฐ ๏ผใใใใ่ถ็ข่ธใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใ
๏ผใใกใ ๏ผใใชใฐ ๏ผใใชใฐใณใผใณ็ผถ ๏ผใใชใฐ้ฃๅ
๏ผใใชใๅฏฟๅธ ๏ผใใใใก ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใ ใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใก้ฃฒใฟ ๏ผใใฉใ ๏ผใใฉใในใผใ ๏ผใใพๅกฉ ๏ผใใพๅกฉใญใใใฌ ๏ผใใฎใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใฎ็ด ๏ผใใใใตใฉใ ๏ผใใใในใผใ ๏ผใใใไพฟ ๏ผใใใ
๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใก ๏ผใใใกใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใกๆ็ ๏ผใใคใพใฟ ๏ผใใคใพใฟใฎ็ด ๏ผใใงใ ๏ผใใงใใฌใทใ ๏ผใใซใใใ ๏ผใใซใใ ๏ผใใซใใใใฌใผใ ๏ผใใซใใๅผๅฝ ๏ผใใฏใ ๏ผใใตใใใฎๅณ ๏ผใในใใจใ ๏ผใใผใๆๅธ
๏ผใใผใๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใฆใชใ ๏ผใใใค ๏ผใใใคใฌใทใ
๏ผใๅธใ็ฉ ๏ผใๅณๅๆฑ ๏ผใๅฅฝใฟ็ผใ ๏ผใๅฅฝใฟ็ผใ้ขจ ๏ผใๅฎถใใฏใ
๏ผใๅผๅฝ ๏ผใๅผๅฝใใใใ ๏ผใๅผๅฝใใใ ๏ผใๅผๅฝใฎ่ฉฐใๆน ๏ผใๅผๅฝ๏ผไฝใใใใใใ ๏ผใๅผ่ถใ ๏ผใๅฝผๅฒธ ๏ผใๆผใใฏใ
๏ผใๆผใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใๆ่ฆ ๏ผใๆญฃๆ ๏ผใๆญณๆฎ ๏ผใๆตธใ ๏ผใ็ ๏ผใ็ใใฌใผใ ๏ผใ็ฅใ ๏ผใ่ณ ๏ผใ่ฑใฎๅฎๆไพฟ ๏ผใ่ฑ่ฆ ๏ผใ่ฑ่ฆๅผๅฝ ๏ผใ่ถๆผฌใ ๏ผใ่ๅญไฝใ
๏ผใ่ๅญๆๅฎค ๏ผใ่ช็ๆฅ ๏ผใ้ ใฎใใคใพใฟ ๏ผใ้ ข ๏ผใ้็ ฎ ๏ผใ้ค ๏ผใ้ค ใขใฌใณใธ ๏ผใ้ค ใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใใๅคงๆ น ๏ผใใใใพในใผใ ๏ผใใใๆๅธ ๏ผใใใๆๅธๆผฌใ ๏ผใใๅขใ ๏ผใใคใๆๅธ้ฌๆฒนใใฌ ๏ผใใคใ็ฏ ๏ผใใซใใพ ๏ผใใซ็ ๏ผใใถ ๏ผใใผใกใ ๏ผใใผใกใใฎใใช้ขจใตใฉใ ๏ผใใผใกใใฌใทใ
๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใๆใ ๏ผใใใฆใใฑใฑ ๏ผใใใฆใใฏใใฏ ๏ผใใใใใใฟๆๅธ
๏ผใใใใใใฟๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใใจใใๆๅธ ๏ผใใใๅคฉ็ถใจใใๆๅธ ๏ผใใใๆๅธ
๏ผใใใๆๅธใใผใ ๏ผใใใๆๅธใใใฟ ๏ผใใใๆๅธใจใใ ๏ผใใใๆๅธใใณ้ ข ๏ผใใใๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใๆๅธ้คๆฒน
๏ผใใใฟๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใใชใใขใณใใฉใณ ๏ผใใฎใ ๏ผใใฎใใฌใทใ
๏ผใใ ใใ ๏ผใใ ใใใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใดใ ๏ผใใใดใใใผใ ๏ผใใใใฎใขใณใใ ๏ผใใใฟ ๏ผใใใซใใ ๏ผใใผใ ๏ผใใพ ๏ผใใพใ ใ ๏ผใใพใใฌใใทใณใฐ ๏ผใใพๅใ ๏ผใใพๆฒน ๏ผใใพ่ฑไนณ้ ๏ผใใใใ้่ ๏ผใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใ้ฃฏใฎใไพ ๏ผใ้ฃฏใใฎ ๏ผใ้ฃฏใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใฟ ๏ผใใใฟใใใใ ๏ผใใคใพๆใ ๏ผใใคใพ่ ๏ผใใฐใฎๆฐด็ ฎ็ผถ ๏ผใใใใ้ขจๅณใฎๅคใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใพ ๏ผใใใจใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใใใ ๏ผใใใใใ้ค ๏ผใใใใใฟใผ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใจใ ๏ผใใ็ ฎ ๏ผใใใใ
๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใฐ ๏ผใใฐ่็ ๏ผใใผใ ๏ผใใผใใใ ๏ผใใผใไธผๅผๅฝ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใฎใ ๏ผใใใฎใใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใใใฎใใฎๆฐด็ ฎ ๏ผใใ ๏ผใใพใใใใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใใพใใใ ๏ผใใพใ็ผใ ๏ผใใ
๏ผใใ ๏ผใใใฑใ่ณช ๏ผใ ใใใใคใบ ๏ผใ ใ ๏ผใ ใๆๅธ ๏ผใ ใๆฑ ๏ผใ ใ้คๆฒน ๏ผใ ใใๆฑ ๏ผใกใใๅฏฟๅธ ๏ผใกใใๅฏฟๅธใฎ็ด ๏ผใกใใๅฏฟๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใกใใใใใใ ๏ผใคใใญ ๏ผใคใใใใ ๏ผใคใใใใใใใ
๏ผใคใใใฝ ๏ผใคใใฌใ ๏ผใฆใฐๅ ๏ผใฆใพใๅฏฟๅธ ๏ผใฆใใใพใใญใณ ๏ผใงใใทใ่ณช ๏ผใจใใใ ๏ผใจใใใใใ ๏ผใจใๅคฉ ๏ผใจใใๆๅธ ๏ผใจใใๆๅธใฌใทใ
๏ผใจใใใค ๏ผใจใๅนณ็ผใ ๏ผใชใ ๏ผใชใใฌใทใ ๏ผใชใ่ธ ๏ผใซใ ๏ผใซใ็
๏ผใซใใซใ ๏ผใซใใซใ้คๆฒน ๏ผใญใๅกฉ ๏ผใญใๅกฉ็ผใใใฐ ๏ผใญใ็ผใ ๏ผใฎใใใใผในใ ๏ผใฎใๅผ ๏ผใฎใฃใๅผ ๏ผใฎใใใ ๏ผใฎใๅกฉ
๏ผใฎใๅผ ๏ผใฏใใใพใใฆ ๏ผใฏใกใฟใค ๏ผใฏใกใฟใคใฌใขใณใทใญใใ ๏ผใฏใใบใ ๏ผใฐใใใฏใ ๏ผใฒใ่ ๏ผใฒใใ ๏ผใฒใช็ฅญใ ๏ผใตใ ๏ผใตใฎใ ๏ผใตใใใ ๏ผใถใฃใใ
๏ผใถใฃใใ็ด ้บบ ๏ผใถใฉใ ๏ผใถใ ๏ผในใฃใใๆผฌใ ๏ผในใใจใ ๏ผใบใใญใณใใผใ ๏ผใปใใใ่
๏ผใปใใใใ ๏ผใพใจใ ๏ผใพใจใใฌใทใ ๏ผใพใจใ่ฒทใ ๏ผใฟใใ็ใ ๏ผใฟใใ็ ฎ ๏ผใฟใใใใ ใใ ๏ผใฟใใใ ๏ผใฟใใใใชใณ ๏ผใใญ่ ๏ผใใใใใใฅใผใ ๏ผใใใใใใจใใผใบ ๏ผใใใใใใจใใผใบใฟใคใ ๏ผใใใคใ ๏ผใใใใจ ๏ผใใก้บฆ ๏ผใใก้บฆใใฏใ ๏ผใใก้บฆใตใฉใ ๏ผใใก้บฆในใผใ ๏ผใใก้บฆใฌใทใ
๏ผใใ่ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใๅณ ๏ผใใพใ ๏ผใใฟใคใใใผใ ๏ผใใใใตใใใ ๏ผใใ ๏ผใใงๅต ๏ผใใงๅต่ผชๅใใซใใฟใผ ๏ผใใง้ถ ๏ผใใฃใใใๆผฌใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใณใณใใผใ ๏ผใใใ้ ข ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใใใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใ
๏ผใใใใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใใใณ ๏ผใใฃใฑ ๏ผใใฃใฑๅผๅฝ ๏ผใขใคในใใญใฌใทใ ๏ผใขใคใฉใใ ๏ผใขใธใใฉใค ๏ผใขในใใฉ ๏ผใขใใใซใใค ๏ผใขใใซใ ๏ผใขใใซใใตใฉใ ๏ผใขใซใๅผๅฝ ๏ผใขใฌใณใธ ๏ผใขใฌใณใธใใใ ๏ผใขใฌใณใธใฌใทใ ๏ผใขใฌใณใธๆ็ ๏ผใขใผใฉใใผใบ
๏ผใคใณใฐใชใใทใฅใใใฃใณ ๏ผใคใณใฟใใฅใผ ๏ผใฆใฃใณใใผ ๏ผใจใขใผใชใผใใณ ๏ผใจใชใณใฎ ๏ผใชใคในใฟใผใฝใผใน ๏ผใชใคใซใใซใใ ๏ผใชใคใซใตใผใใฃใณ ๏ผใชใฏใฉ ๏ผใชใฟใใฏใฝใผใน ๏ผใชใ ใฉใคใน ๏ผใชใชใผใใชใคใซ ๏ผใชใผใใณใตใณใ
๏ผใชใผใใณใใผในใ ๏ผใชใผใซในใใคใน ๏ผใซใญใใฉใค ๏ผใซใใใฑใผใญ ๏ผใซใใใใณ ๏ผใซใใใพ ๏ผใซใใซใ ๏ผใซใใใ้ฃๅ ๏ผใซใใณใใผใซใใผใบ ๏ผใซใชใใฉใซใใขใญใผใซ ๏ผใซใชใใฉใฏใผ ๏ผใซใซใใฃ ๏ผใซใฌใผ ๏ผใซใฌใผใใฃใผใใณ ๏ผใซใฌใผใฉใคใน
๏ผใซใฌใผ้ขจๅณ ๏ผใฌใฉในไฟๅญๅฎนๅจ ๏ผใฌใผใชใใฏ ๏ผใญใฆใค ๏ผใญใฆใคใฝใผใน ๏ผใญใใทใฅ ๏ผใญใฃใใ ๏ผใญใฃใใในใผใ ๏ผใญใฃใใใฌใทใ ๏ผใญใฃใญใใใฉใบ ๏ผใญใฆใผใใผ ๏ผใฏใคใใฏในใผใ ๏ผใฏใจใณ้ ธ ๏ผใฏใฟใฏใฟ็ ฎ ๏ผใฏใใฏใขใใใฏใใญใณใฐใทใผใ ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใ ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใmagazine10 ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใmagazine8 ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใใใฅใผใน
๏ผใฏใใฏใใใ้ฑ้ใฌใใผใ ๏ผใฏใฉใ ใใฃใฆใใผ
๏ผใฏใชในใฑใใ ๏ผใฏใชในใใน ๏ผใฏใชในใในใซใฉใผ ๏ผใฏใชในใในใฑใผใญ ๏ผใฏใชในใในใใผใใฃใผ
๏ผใฏใชใผใ ใทใใฅใผ ๏ผใฏใชใผใ ใใผใบ ๏ผใฏใชใผใ ็ ฎ ๏ผใฐใฉใฟใณ ๏ผใฐใชใซ ๏ผใฐใชใณใใผใน ๏ผใฐใชใผใณในใ ใผใธใผ ๏ผใฑใใฃใใ
๏ผใฑใใฃใใใใฉใ ๏ผใฑใผใญๅฏฟๅธ ๏ผใณใใฅใธใฃใณ ๏ผใณใฉใ ๅท็ญ ๏ผใณใญใใฑ ๏ผใณใญใ ๏ผใณใผใใผ
๏ผใณใผใซในใญใผใตใฉใ ๏ผใณใผใณ ๏ผใณใผใณใใฟใผใธใฅในใผใ ๏ผใณใผใณ็ผถ ๏ผใดใผใค ๏ผใดใผใคใใฃใณใใซ ๏ผใตใใผใฌใฟใน ๏ผใตใ ๏ผใตใใฎๅณๅ็ ฎ ๏ผใตใใฎๅณๅ็ ฎ็ผถ ๏ผใตใใฎๆฐด็ ฎ็ผถ ๏ผใตใใฎ็ซ็ฐๆใ ๏ผใตใ็ผถ ๏ผใตใฉในใ ๏ผใตใฉใ ๏ผใตใฉใใใญใณ ๏ผใตใฉใใในใฟ ๏ผใตใณใใคใใ ๏ผใตใณใใฆใฃใใ ๏ผใตใณใใฆใฃใใในใใจใ ๏ผใตใณใใฆใฃใใๅผๅฝ ๏ผใตใณใใฃใผใซใ
๏ผใตใผใขใณ ๏ผใตใผใขใณใฎใใชใ ๏ผใถใป
ใใชใฟใณ่่ ธ่ฌ๏ผ่ฃฝ้ ่ฒฉๅฃฒๅ ๏ผๅคงไบๆ ้คๅๅญฆใ็พใป
ใใณใญใผใซE๏ผ่ฃฝ้ ่ฒฉๅฃฒๅ ๏ผใฐใฌใฉใณ่ฃฝ่ฌใ็พใป ใฝใซใฟใณในใใฌใผ๏ผ่ฃฝ้ ่ฒฉๅฃฒๅ ๏ผๆฅๆฌ่ฃฝ่ฌใๆงใป ใใขใฏใญใณ – 1988ๅนดไปฅ้ใๅคฉ่ค่ฃฝ่ฌ่ฃฝ้ ใป
ๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใๆฌ็คพใๆงใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝใฎ้่ๆฅญ็ใฎไผ็คพใซใฏใใฉใฎใใใชไบๆฅญๅ ๅฎนใฎไผๆฅญใๅคใใงใใ๏ผๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใๆฌ็คพใๆงใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝใซใฏใใคใใณใไผ็ปใใใณใทใงใณ่ณ่ฒธใๅ ่ฃ ๅทฅไบไบๆฅญใฎไผๆฅญใๅคใๅญๅจใใฆใใพใใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฏใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆฅญใ่กใใ 2021ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅใใๆญฃๅผใซใตใผใในใ้ๅงใใใจ็บ่กจใใใ ใพใใ2023ๅนด1ๆ – 3ๆใฏใใฏใณใฏใผใซๆ้ ญใจใจใใฆๅฟๆด้จใซ็ปๅ ดใใใใใ้กงๅใซๅๅฐฑไปปใ
ใฝใใใใณใฏใฐใซใผใใฎๅบ่ณๅ ใง็ตๅถ็ ดใใใใ็ฑณใฆใฃใผใฏใผใฏใฎๅ ฑๅๅตๆฅญ่ ใใขใใ ใป ใซใฉใใใฏๆฐใใใใใซๅ ฅใ่พผใใ ใฎใใไปๅใฎSBGใฎๅทจ้ก่ตคๅญใฎๆๅคงใฎ่ฆๅ ใจใชใฃใ็ฑณใทใงใขใชใใฃในๅคงๆใWeWork๏ผใฆใฃใผใฏใผใฏ๏ผใใฎๅตๆฅญ่ ใขใใ ใป
็พๅ ดใฎใใใใใใฎใ่ฆใฆใใพใใจใ้ๅฑใงใใใไธญๅญฆ็ใ ใฃใ1ๅนดๅใ็ก้ขไฟใงใใฃใใซใ้ขใใใใไบบ้ใใงไธ่ฏใฐใซใผใใฉใใใฎ้ไบใซๅทปใ่พผใพใใฆใชใจใๅซใๆฐไบบใใใชใณใใซ้ญใใ็พๅจใๆ็ก็ถๆ ใฎใพใพใงใใใๅฐ็พๅใใชใณใใซ้ญใฃใฆๆ็ก็ถๆ ใซ้ฅใฃใใใจใ1ๅนดไปฅไธ็ ้ขใซ้ใ็ถใใฆใใใๅฐ็พๅใฎๆฏใๅนณๅๅณถๅฐๅญฆๆ กใฎๆ ก้ทใๆพ่ชฒๅพใ็ฑๅธใๆ ก้ทๅฎคใซๅผใณๅบใใไฟ่ญท่ ใใใฎใฏใฌใผใ ใๅฝผๅฅณใซ่ฉฑใใ่กจๆฒๆฑฐใซใชใๅใซใฉใใซใใใชใใใฐใใใชใใจ่ซญใใ้่ทฏใฎไธใงๆชๆใ่ฒ ใฃใฆใใใตใใใใฆใใใใใฟใซๆฐใฅใ่ปใๆญขใใใใๅฝผๅฅณใใ่ฝขใใใใจ่จใใใใใใคใใใใไธใซๅพใใๆฅใใชใจใฎไปฒ้ใซ่ปใไนใฃๅใใใๅ็ถใจใใฆใใ้ใซใใใฟ้ใซใ้ใใใใฆใใพใใ
ๅฎ็ฐ่ฒก้ฅใซๅฑใใๆๅฎณไฟ้บไผ็คพใ็คพๆฏใฎๅ่ไพใจใใฆๅผ็จใใพใใ ZIKUใใตใใผใใใใกใฟใใผในใคใใณใใงใ้ๅฎขใๆนๅใใใชใผใ็ฒๅพๆฐใๅขใใใใจใใไบไพใใ็ดนไปใใพใใ ใใขๅพๆฅฝๅใใผใซๅคงไผใง้ช้&ๅค้๏ผ28ไปฃ็ฎ๏ผ็ตใGHCใธใฅใใขใใใผ็ดใฟใใฐ็ๅบงใ็ฒๅพใ ใชใใๅนณๆฅ15๏ผ00๏ฝ18๏ผ00ใฎๅฝๆฅๆฏ่พผใฎๅฏๅฆใซใคใใฆใฏใๅๅไบบใฎๅๅผ้่ๆฉ้ขใฎๅฏพๅฟ็ถๆณใๅๅไบบๅฃๅบงใฎ็ถๆณ็ญใซใใ็ฐใชใใพใใ
ใใขๅพๆฅฝๅใใผใซๅคงไผใซไธญ่ฅฟๅญฆใๅคฉๅฑฑๅบๅใๅฐๆพๆดๅนณใ็ข้้ใๅๆฆใ ใใขๆๆใณใญใทใขใ ๅคงไผใซไธญ่ฅฟๅญฆใๅคฉๅฑฑๅบๅใๅๆฆใ
ๆ ๅฝๅฃฐๅชใฏใขใผใฑใผใ็ใจๅใใงใใใๅค่ฆใฎไธ้จใฏใขใผใฑใผใ็ใใใฎๅ้ฒใซใผใใๅ จ37็จฎใจใใฆใใใ 2021ๅนด5ๆ็พๅจใฎไธ่ฌๅผ็งฐใฏใใNHK
Eใ(ใจใใจใคใใฑใผใปใคใผ)ใ็พๅจใฏๅฑ้็ตไบๆธใฟใ 1991ๅนดๅ ฌ้ใป “ใชใทใฃใฌ้ญๅฅณ ใฉใandใใชใผ ใใธใซใซใณใณใตใผใใใชใผใฑในใใฉใจๅคขใฟใในใใผใธใ ๅ ฌๆผๆ ๅ ฑ”.
“ใชใทใฃใฌ้ญๅฅณ ใฉใandใใชใผ ใใธใซใซใณใณใตใผใใใชใผใฑในใใฉใจๅคขใฟใในใใผใธใ ใใญใฐใฉใ ”.
2007ๅนด3ๆ21ๆฅใใใชใทใฃใฌ้ญๅฅณโฅใฉใandใใชใผ ใใใใใฎใพใปใใใฎใฟใคใใซใงใขใใกใผใทใงใณๆ ็ปๅใใใใ ใใชใทใฃใฌ้ญๅฅณ ใฉใ and
ใใชใผใ ใใใคใซใใชใใฎใขใใช็ด ๆใงๅพฉๆดป!
Hello there! This is my first visit to your blog! We are a
collection of volunteers and starting a new project in a community in the same niche.
Your blog provided us useful information to work
on. You have done a wonderful job!
ใใจ่ฎๅคช้ใฏ็ฌใคใฆใใใใใใไปๅนดใฏๆๅ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใใ 1946ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ21ๅนด๏ผ1ๆ1ๆฅใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใฎไบบ้ๅฎฃ่จใจๅๆใซใๅคฉ็ใจๅๅญๅ ่ฆช็ใฎๅใฃใๅ็ใๅ ฌ่กจใใใๅฝๆๆๅนด้ทใฎ็ๅฅณใงใใฃใๅๅญๅ ่ฆช็ใฏใๅคฉ็ใฎไบบ้็ใป
ๅฝๅใฏไบบ้ ็ๅฝไฝใจใใ่จญๅฎใงใชใฟใจใฏๅฅไบบใจใใฆๆใใใฆใใใใชใฟใในใใคใฉใซใซ่ฅฒใใใใจใใใใจใไฝๅบฆใใใฃใใ
“ๅ จ้ๅๆฌกๆไผ้ทใซไธ่ฑ๏ผต๏ผฆ๏ผช้ใฎๅๆฒข้ ญๅๅ ๅฎ ๆฅๅนด๏ผๆๅฐฑไปป”.
“ๅค็บๅๅผ็ญใฎไธ้จ้ ๅปถใฎ็บ็ใซใคใใฆ๏ผ3ๆ15ๆฅ๏ผ14ๆ00ๅ็พๅจ๏ผ๏ผ”.
“ใฟใใปใๅฝนๅก๏ผ๏ผไบบๅฆๅ ็คพ้ทใฏๆธไฟธ๏ผใซๆ-่คๅ้ ญๅใฏๅฝ้ข็ถๆใป่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่็คพ. “ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฟใใป้่กใซใใใใทในใใ ้ๅฎณใซใใใๅๅ ็ฉถๆใป
ๆฉ่ฑๆ&ไผ้่ฑๅฝฉใๅฐๅ ๅฎฎๅใงTVๅๅบใใฐใซใกๆขใ”.ๆตใๆผใๅฏใใใใ็ฅ้ใใๆญข๏ผใจใ๏ผใชใใใใใ ใ 10.1 ็ฝๅฎณไปฅๅคใฎๅฎถ่ฒก่ฃๅใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใๅคงๅน ๅผใไธใใธโฆ ใใคใฆ็ไฝ็ๆใง่จดใใใใ็ฑ่พบ่ญฒใ็พๅจใใฅใผใจใผใฏๅจไฝใงใ่ชๅใฎ่บซไปฃใใใซใชใ็ฝชใ่ขซใฃใฆใใใๆผฑ็ณใใใฒ่ชๅใฎๆ ๅฝใซใใฆๆฌฒใใใจ่ฆ่ซใใใใใๆตทๅค่ปขๅคใฎ่ฉฑใๆใกไธใใฃใใๅฎ็ณใจใฎๆฆไบใๆ่ฆใใใใจใใใใใพใใๅฎใใใๅๅ็ท ๅฝนใซๅบใใใฆ่ฆใใๆชๆฅใซๅบๆฅใพใใใจใฏใใๅใใใซใชใใพใใฌใไธๆใซไบบใฎๆใใๅบๆฅใฆใพใใใพใใ
ใใฎ็ถๆ ใฏ3ๅ้ใใๆใใใ3ๅ็ซใคใจ่ชๅ็ใซๅค้ใใใทใณใซๆปใฃใฆใใพใใไน ้ๅฎฎๆ่็ – ไธ่จไบไปถใจใฏๅฅใฎๅฉ็ด้จๅใ่ตทใใใ็ๆใ ใๅ้่ฆ้ ใๆฐ่ฆ็บ่กๆ ชๅผใฎ็จฎ้กๅใณ็บ่กๆฐใๆ ชๅผๅ้ใฎๆนๆณๅใณๆกไปถใๆ ชๅผใฎๅผๅใใๆฐ่ฆ็บ่กๆฐๆ ชไบ็ดๆจฉ่จผๅธใๆฐ่ฆ็บ่ก็คพๅตใ็คพๅตใฎๅผๅใๅใณ็คพๅต็ฎก็ใฎๅง่จใๆฐ่ฆ็บ่กใณใใผใทใฃใซใป
SGX USD Nikkei 225 Index – ๅๅผๅไฝใฏๆๆฐใฎๆฐๅคร$5ใๆฅ็ต225mini – ๅๅผๅไฝใฏๆๆฐใฎๆฐๅคร100ๅใๆฅ็ต225ๅ ็ฉ – ๅๅผๅไฝใฏๆๆฐใฎๆฐๅคร1,000ๅใ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏๆฅ็ต225ๅ ็ฉๅๅผใๅ็ งใๅ ็ฉใฏไธ่จใซไธๅ ดใใฆใใใไธ่จไปฅๅคใซใๅคๆฐใใใ 12ๆ1ๆฅใๅใฎๆตทๅคๅ็ฌๅ ฌๆผใจใชใใNOGIZAKA46 LIVE in Shanghai 2018ใ๏ผไธๆตทใกใซใปใในใป
11ๆ2ๆฅ:็ๅคชๅญใป็ๅญๅ ่ฆช็ 2011ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ23ๅนด๏ผ10ๆ23ๆฅ ๆๅนด็ๆใจใชใฃใใฎใซ้ใใไบๅๆญณใฎ่ช็ๆฅๅฝๆฅใซๆไธใๅๅฎฟใใใใญใใชใในใฏใฉใใใ2015ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ27ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ15ๆฅใป 1962: ๆฆๅ็ดซๅณฐใปๆฑ ็ฐ้้จใป 1966: ๆฑ ้จ้ใป 1960:
ๅคงไน ไฟไฝๆฌก้ใป
“ๆฌๆฅ่ๅฐๆจๆถใ่กใใ่ฑๆพค้ฆ่ใใใ่ถณ็ซไฝณๅฅใใใๆฅ้ๆๅใใใ็ปๅฃใใ็ช็ตใฎๆฐ่ฆๆ ๅ ฑใซใคใใฆ็บ่กจ่ดใใพใใ๏ผ ใใคใใธใฎ็ฌฌ2ๅๆฅๆฌงไบคๆต้ขๆฑๅญฆ็ๅฃ้้ฃ็่ฆชๅไฝฟ็ฏๅฃใซๅๅ ใใใพใๅๅนด8ๆใซ้ๅฌใใใๆ็ฅไธๅใงใฎๅฃ้ใฎใใขใณในใใฌใผใทใงใณใซใๅๅ ใใใ 2015ๅนด8ๆ7ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2016ๅนด9ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2015ๅนด5ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2015ๅนด6ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2015ๅนด7ๆ15ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2015ๅนด3ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2018ๅนด3ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใขใซ- (2019ๅนด3ๆ23ๆฅ). 2019ๅนด3ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใๅฐๆฅ็คพไผใงๆดป่บใงใใใใใซใใจใใฃใฆๆ่ฒใ่กใๆๅกๅดใใใฎๆดป่บใใ่ๅฐใงใใ”็คพไผ”ใ็ฅใใชใใใจใซ้ๅๆใใใฃใใใใงใใ็ฐๆ่ฃฝไฝๆใฎไฝๆฅญๅกใใใใใฏ็ตๅถ่ ใ ใ30ๆฅใใ้ซๆถไฝฟ็จ ไบฌ้ช้ป้้็ๅธ-ๅฏๅฑๅทไฟกๅทๆ้ใใไบค้ๆฐ่ใไบค้ๅๅไผใ1978ๅนด7ๆ14ๆฅใ1้ขใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่้ฃ่ผใ่ถ ้ซ้ฝขๅ็คพไผใใป่ฆณ่ๆค็ฉใฎใทใซใฏใธใฃในใใณใๅฅฝใใงใ็ดๅใฎใใไผ็คพใซๆฅใ่ฑๅฑใงใใคใไธญใฎใฌใคใจๅถ็ถ็ฅใๅใใ่กจๅใๆฌงๅทใใใฎ่ผธๅ ฅ้่ฒจใๅฝๅ ใง่ฒฉๅฃฒใใฆใใใใ่ฃ็คพไผใจใ้ใใฆใใไบบ็ฉใ
่ปไธกไฟ้บใงใฏใๅฅ็ดใฎ้ใซๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใพใใไปฅไธๅ ทไฝไพใใใใฆใ่ชฌๆใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฎ่จญๅฎๆนๅผใฏใไบๆ ใฎๅๆฐใซ้ขไฟใชใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใไธๅฎใฎๅฎ้กๆนๅผใจใ1ๅ็ฎใฎไบๆ ใจ2ๅ็ฎไปฅ้ใฎไบๆ ใงใฏๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ็ฐใชใๅข้กๆนๅผใฎ2็จฎ้กใงใใๅคใใฎๅ ดๅใใใฎ่ปไธกไฟ้บใซใฏๅ ่ฒฌไบ้ ใจๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใใฆใใพใใๅคใใฎ่ปไธกไฟ้บใงใฏใๅฐ้ใๅด็ซใใพใใฏใใใใซใใๆดฅๆณขใจใใฃใ่ช็ถ็ฝๅฎณใซใใๆๅฎณใๅ ่ฒฌไบ้ ใจใชใฃใฆใใพใใใๅฐ้ขจใ็ซๅทปใๆดชๆฐดใ้ซๆฝฎ็ญใซใใๆๅฎณใฏ่ฃๅใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใ
Zepp Haneda 5ๆ28ๆฅ(ๅ)ๆฑไบฌ้ฝใปๆฑไบฌๆฏๅบใใใๆฑไบฌๆฏ็คพใใธๅใณๆๆ ผใ 1ๆ – ็พๅจใฎๅๆตท้ๆญๅนๅธไธญๅคฎๅบๅ1ๆก่ฅฟ4ไธ็ฎ1็ชๅฐใซใๆญๅนๆฏๅบใใฎๆฐใใซ็คพๅฑ๏ผๆญๅนๆญฆ็ฐใใซ๏ผใๅฎๆใไพใใฐใ100,000ๅใจ่จญๅฎใใใชใใ1ๅ็ฎใฎไบๆ ใงใ2ๅ็ฎไปฅ้ใฎไบๆ ใงใใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ้กใฏ100,
000ๅใ Toshikazu Watanabeใไผ็คพๅกๆไปฃใฏไบบไบ้จใๅๆใซSFใซใผใใทในใใ ใใใฉใณใในใใๅฐ็ง็ทใซๅฐๅ ฅ๏ผSFใใใฉใใซใผใ็บๅฃฒ้ๅง๏ผใ
็ช็ตใฏใๅบๆฌ็ใซๆๆๆฅใใ้ๆๆฅใพใงใฎ5ๅใฎๆพ้ใงๅใไธป้กใๆฑใใ ใจใใฑใณใฏใใพใใกใใใไธ็ทใซ้ใผใใใใจใฟใณใฟใฟใฟใฆใณใซใพใใกใใใ่ชใใ ใใฎ่ฝๆธใใฏ่ชๅใใ็ฑ็ทๆญฃใใ่ฝๆธใ”ใจใใผใฉ ใฑใณใใใใโ ขใใ๏ผไธ๏ผ”ใใจ่จใใใใพใใกใใใฏใใใใใ”ใจใใฑใณ”ใญใใจ็ฐก็ฅๅใใฆใใพใใ ใพใใกใใใจไธ็ทใซๆฎใใใฆใใใไธไบบใซใชใใใกใชใพใใกใใใซไธไบบใงใใใใจใฎๆฅฝใใใๆใใฆใใใ ใพใใๆ็ๆชไบบใใใใใ๏ผๅคงๅๅญไบ๏ผใๆ็ๆชไบบในใใจใในใ๏ผIKKAN๏ผใจใใฃใๆ็ๆชไบบใจๅฏพๆฑบใใใใจใใใใๅฐๅญฆไธๅนด็ใฎไป็ฐใพใ๏ผ3ไปฃ็ฎใพใใกใใ๏ผไผๅๆ็พใไปฅไธใพใใกใใ๏ผใ่ชๅฎ ใซๅธฐใใจใใๆฏใใใฏใไปไบใงไธๅจไธญใไผๅใฏใพใใกใใใจใใฆๅใๆ่ฒใใฌใใฎใใฟใใชใฎๅบๅ ดใ !
ใฏใชใจใคใฟใผใซใใ3Dใใผใฟๅๅใฎๅไบบ้ๅฃฒ่ฒทใ็ฎ็ใซๅงใพใฃใใใผใใฃใซใใผใฑใใใงใใใ่ฟๅนดใงใฏๆงใ ใชไผๆฅญใฎๅๅ ฅใๅขๅ ใใใกใฟใใผในใชใใงใฏใฎใคใใผใทใใชไฝ้จใ้ใใใใฉใณใ่ช็ฅๅบฆใปๅธๆณ่ฉฆ้จใฎๅ้จ่ณๆ ผใๅพใใใใซใญใผในใฏใผใซใฎไฟฎไบใๆกไปถใจใชใใ ใทใณใฌใใผใซ่ชๆฒปๅทใจใชใใๅคงๅญฆใฎๆ่ฒๆฐดๆบใ้ๅธธใซ้ซใใใจใงใ็ฅใใใใ
ใใใ็คบใใใฎใจใใฆใ็ฌฌ2่ฉฑใงใขใญใผใฉใชใผใฐใงๅชๅใใใใญใใฃใผใชใฉใ้ฃพใฃใฆใใใ็ฌฌ37่ฉฑใ็ฌฌ96่ฉฑใงใขใญใผใฉๅฐๆนใฎไปฒ้ใใกใจๅไผใใใ็ฌฌ76่ฉฑใงใขใญใผใฉใชใผใฐๅชๅใ่ชใใใใ็ฌฌ77่ฉฑใงZใฏใถใไฝฟ็จใใฆใใใใชใฉใๆใใใใใ
24่ฉฑใงไฝฟ็จใๅฎ้ใซใใใซใใฃใฎ3Dใขใใซใใใฉใใฐใฉใกใใช๏ผใขใใชใณใฐๆ่กใไฝฟใฃใฆใชใขใซใชใขใใซใ้ ็ฝฎใใๆฅๅ ด่ ใซ่ณผๅ ฅไฝ้จใใใฆใใใ ใใใใซใใฃใจไบคๆใใไฝ้จใใใฆใใใ ใใพใใใ้ๅฎณ่ ๆจฉๅฉๆก็ดใๅถๅฎใใใใฐใ้้ใใชใๅ ทไฝ็ใชๅทฎๅฅใฎๅ้กใๅบใฆใใพใใไบบๅทฅๅฆๅจ ไธญ็ตถใซใคใใฆใฏๆฏ่ฆชใไธญ็ตถใใๆจฉๅฉใ่ชใใ็ซๅ ดใงใใๅญใฉใใๅฃฐใไธใใใใชใใฆใใใใใใใชใฎใฏๅใใใใใฌใคใใใใใๆฏ่ฆชใใใฎๅญใฉใใ่ฒใฆไธใใชใใฆใฏใชใใชใ่ฒฌไปปใฏใ่ขซๅฎณ่ ใงใใๆฏ่ฆชใใใใใใใงใฏใชใใใใใงใใกใใฃใๅฉใจใฌใคใใไธ็ทใซใใใฎใฏ้ใใใใฌใคใใใใฆๅฆๅจ ใใๅฅณๆงใใๅญใฉใใ็ใฟใใใชใใ
ๆๆ๏ผใใใ๏ผใๅใใๅขใ่ฑใใฆใ็ๆฐ๏ผใใใ๏ผใฎไธญใใๅ๏ผใฎใผใ๏ผใชใใใๆฅๅ ด่ ใฏใขใใฟใผใงๅฑ็คบไผๅ ดๅ ใ่ช็ฑใซ็งปๅใงใใใใใๆฐ่ปฝใซๅ้ใงใใพใใๅ ฑๆผ่ ใคใณใฟใใฅใผใปๅนด่ญใๅ้ฒใใ่ฑช่ฏๅ็้ใๆผๅฅใฎ้ ใ้ใใพใใใๅๅฃฒๅฟๆตใฎๅ ๆดพใ็ซใฆใใใใซใฏๅๅใงใใไผ้ทใ ใฃใๆฐๆตชๅๅฒใไธ่ฑๅไบๅบ่บซ๏ผใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใญใผใฝใณใใฉใใซ – ๆ ่กไปฃ็ๅบใไธญๆฑ่คๆจน๏ผไผ่คไปๆ๏ผ่ป็ๅพๅพ ใใใซๅบ็ฌๆทก็ชใใใใใใใฎๅญฆๅ็็ซๅ ดใๆ็ขบใซใใชใใๅผๅญใ้คๆใ๏ผๅนๆซใซใฏ็ทๆนๆดชๅบตใใฎใใใซๆดๅญฆๅกพใ้ใ่ ใๅขใ๏ผไธๆน๏ผๅ็ฐๆพ้ฐใฎๆพไธๆๅกพใซไปฃ่กจใใใ๏ผไธ็ดๆญฆๅฃซใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใ็คพไผ้ฉๆฐใ็ฎใใๆญฆๅฃซใฎ้คๆใ่กใๅกพใใใใใใใ
ใ้ ใงใคใฉใคใฉใ็บๆฃใใใฎใฏใๅฐ้ใฎ้ฃฒ้ ใงใใใฐใใใๅฅๅบทใซ่ฏใใงใใ้ ใ้ฃฒใใงใใใฎไธ็ใซๆฅใใฐใใใฎ้ ็จใฎ้ ฉ้ ๆใฏใชใใใใฉใไปใๅฐใใ ใไฝใใฝใฃใจใใใใใใๅธๅฃใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใพใใฐๆฐๆใกใใใใใ ใๅญ่ฒใฆใฎในใใฌในใงใใ้็๏ผ 1 ๅญ่ฒใฆใฎในใใฌในใงใใ้็๏ผ
4 ๅญ่ฒใฆใฎในใใฌในใง้็ใฎๆใซใใ้ ใซ้ใใใจใขใซใณใผใซไพๅญ็ใฎๅฑ้บใ๏ผ 3 ๅญ่ฒใฆใฎในใใฌในใง้็ใฎๆใซใใ้ ใซ้ใใฆ่ฏใ๏ผ ใใใใใจใฆใ้ทใๆ้ใใใใฆใๅญใฉใใไธไบบๅใซ่ฒใฆใชใใใฐใใใชใใฎใงใในใใฌในใๆบใพใฃใฆ้็ใจใใไบบใๅคใใงใใ ใใซใซใฏๆดๅคฉใ่ฆไธใใชใใใไปๆฅใฏใฎใใณใใจ้ฒๅคฉ้ขจๅใซใๆตธใใใใใชใจไธไบบๆๆกใใใฎใงใใฃใใ “ๆฑๆธๅใฎๆฌ 21๏ผๅ่กๆฌ๏ผ”.
ๆฅๆฌๆ่ธ็คพ.ๅ่กๆฌ็ฌฌ3ๅทป, pp.
็ฌฌ5่ฉฑใงใฎไธ่ ้ข่ซใฎๅ ด้ขใซใฆๆฏ่ฆชใ็ปๅ ดใใใๅพก่ฆช้กใฎใใใใๅพกๆจๆถใใใพใใใ ใใใซ็ๆใใใช่ฆช้กใใใใฎใใใ ใชใใซใใใๅคใๆธ้กใงใ่ชฟในใชใใฆใฏใชใใพใใ “ใ้ๅ ฑใใใฆใฏใฉใคใใใฏใฌใ ใชใณใ็กไบบๆฉใงๆปๆ ใใผใใณๆฐใฏ็กไบใใญใทใขๅคง็ตฑ้ ๅบ”.
ใฉใใใฆใใใใใใจๅไบบใฎๅใซใใใพใใๅงฟใใใใใใใใ ใใใ๏ผ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใป ใใฎๅ ดๅใ้ขจ็ฝ่ฃๅใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใใใฐ7ไธๅใฎไฟฎ็่ฒป็จใไฟ้บ้ใจใใฆ่ซๆฑใงใใใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ3ไธๅใจ่จญๅฎใใฆใใไบบใ ใจใ3ไธๅๅใฏ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใใชใใฆใฏใชใใชใใ ใใชใๆนใฎใไปฒ้ใซๅ ฅใใฆ้ ๆดใชใไธ่ใฎๅฅณใจใ ใใฆใถ๏ผ็พคใซๅ ฅใใ ใกใใฃใจ้ ญใ้ฉข้ฆฌใซใใพใใใฎใ้ฉข้ฆฌใฎ้ ญใ่บซๅ ใซใฏใใใใชใใชใ
็ฌฌ4ไฝใงใฏใ้ปใฒใใจใฎๆฆ้ใงใใฉใใฏใใผใซๅทใจ็่ใๅคฑใใใใฎๅพฉ่ฎใฎใใใซ่ฑๅฝ็ใธใงใผใธ2ไธใซไปใใ็งๆ ๆตท่ณใจใชใฃใฆใธใฃใใฏใฎๅใซ็พใใใๆฌ่จไบใงใฏใใกใฟใใผในใคใใณใใฎ้ๅฌๅฝขๆ ใ้ๅฌ่ฒป็จใป ใจไธๆพใ็ฌใคใฆๅ ถๆฌใๅๅใคใใ ใจๆฏใฎ็กใ่ชฟๅญใงใใใๅฟ๏ผใใ๏ผใใๅบใใใใซ็ฌใคใใๆญฃ็ดใงใใใใๅ้ๆใฒใฎ้ไนๅฉใฏใ็ดใซไธๆพใฎ้ก่ฒใ่ฆใฆๅใคใใๅ็บใฐใใ่กใคใฆๅพฉใๆฏ่ฟใคใฆ่ฆใใจใๆชใ ๅ้ใฏๅใใจใใใซไฝ็ซใใงๅฑ ใใใใใ ใใใๅคงๅฐฝใๅฟใใงๅบใใฎใงใใใใใจไธๆพใฏๆใใงใ้ป็ถ๏ผใใใญใ๏ผใจใใฆๅ ถๅฆใซ็ช็ซใคใฆ่ฆใฆๅฑ ใใใกใซใใใ๏ผ๏ผผๅ ถใจใฏ้ๆทปใฎ็ทใง็ฅใใใ
ๅญไพใฎ้ ใฏใคใฉในใใฌใผใฟใผใซใชใใฎใๅคขใ ใฃใใใๆฏใซใใฃใฆ็ก็ใใๆๅธซใจใใฆๅใใใจใๅผท่ฆใใใๆฏใฎๆฑบใใ้ใใซใใฆใใใฐใใใจๆใใใใซใชใใๆฏใๅฟ้ ใใใใใชใใจใใๆฐๆใกใใ้ฃไบใใใใใจใงๅฎๅฟๆใๅพใใใใซใชใใ็ฑๅธใๅญฆๆ กใ็กๆญๆฌ ๅคใใใใใซใชใฃใฆใใใฏใๅฟ้ ใใใฉใใใๅใถใ็ฑๅธใฎๆฏใใใคใฆใฏๅคซใจๅ ฑใซๆๅธซใจใใฆๅใใฆใใใใ็ฑๅธใๅบ็ฃใใใใจใงไฝ่ชฟใๅดฉใใใใใชใ้่ทใ็ฑๅธใๅฐพ่กใใๅฝผๅฅณใไนๅไนๅ ใใๅบใฆ่กใใจใใใ็ฎๆใๅคซใไฟ่ญท่ ใๅๅใจใฎไบบ้้ขไฟใใใพใใใใใซใใฉใใฏใฎ้่ปขๆใซ่ปข่ทใใใใจใงใ็ฑๅธใๆๅธซใซใใใใใซๅนผๅฐๆใใใใใใใฎ็ฟใไบใซ้ใใใไฝ็ฝฐใใใชใใ็ฑๅธใซใใคใใใใฆใใใๅไฝ้จ๏ผ2002ๅนด1ๆ – 3ๆใใใธใใฌใ๏ผ – ไธปๆผใป
็ฌฌ1ๅผพใฎ็ทจๆใฏ2014ๅนด3ๆ14ๆฅใซใในใฆ็ตไบใจใชใใ็ฟ้ฑ17ๆฅใใๆฐไฝๅถใจใชใใ้็บใใใทในใใ ใฎๆค่จใใในใฑใธใฅใผใซไฝๆใป 09ๅนดๅบฆใฏๅๆๆฅๅๅไธญใซใใใใฃใจ้ข่ฅฟใใฉในใใ2012ๅนดๅบฆใฏๆฅๆๅๅพใซใ่ฅฟๆน็ฌๅใ๏ผใๆพ้ใใใใใฎๆฏใๆฟใใงใใ๏ผใฏใณใปใฐ2ใฏๅฅ็ช็ตๅทฎใๆฟใใงใใNHKใขใผใซใคใในใใฎๆฏใๆฟใๆพ้ใฏใใใไปใฎๅฐๆนใจๅใๆๅปใซๆพ้ใ็ตไบใใใ ใ้ผใฎ้ฌ้่กๅธซใใฎๅคงใใกใณใงใๅฃฐๅชๆฅญใซๆงใใใฎใไธปๆผใๆผใใๆด็็พใฎๅๅใฎๅญ้ขใ่ฆใฆๆฅๆฌๅฝๅคๅบ่บซ่ ใ ใจๆใใใๅไพใใใใฎใ ใใใๅคๅฝไบบใฎ่ชๅใงใใขใใกใฎๅฃฐๅชใใงใใใใจๆใฃใใใใ ใจใใใ
ๆฐดๆๅๅ ด ใใฃใณใน!ๆฐดๆๅๅ ด ใ้ใใชใ!้ๆใใกใใชใผใฉใณใ 1ๅ2,500ไธไบบใฎใฏใคใบ็ๆฑบๅฎๆฆ!็ฌฌ7ๅFNS1ๅ2,500ไธไบบใฎใฏใคใบ็ๆฑบๅฎๆฆ!
ใชใผใซในใฟใผ็็ฌใใฎใพใญ็ด ็ฝๆญๅๆฆ!่ปไธกไฟ้บใใปใใใใๅ ดๅใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใใใจใงไฟ้บๆใใใใใใใพใใใไธใไธใฎไบๆ ใฎ้ใซๆณๅฎใใฆใใ่ฃๅใๅใใใใชใใใจใใฃใไบๆ ใ้ฟใใใใใซใใใกใใจ็่งฃใใฆใใใพใใใใไฟ้บๆใฏๆๅฑๅกใ่ชๅใง่ฒ ๆ ใใใๅคงๅญฆ1ๅนด็ใฎๆใซใชใผใใฃใทใงใณใๅใใใใณ่ธไบบใจใใฆๅๆฌ่ๆฅญใธๆๅฑใ็ใใใพ
ใฟใใชใงใคใคๆฐๆใก!
ITM็คพใจใฎๅใใฆใฎใใขใชใณใฐใใใฏใ็ฌฌไธๅฐ่ฑกใๅคงไบใงใใ่ข่ฃๆฒปใฏ่ฅทใๆใซๆใคใฆใไธๅฏธๅฐ่ฅใใช่บซไฝ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใๅ๏ผใใ๏ผใคใฆใๆฉใ่ฟไบใใใจ่จใคใใใใช้กไปใ ใใใใใฏๅฎขใไธใฎๅบงๆทใธ้ใใฆใไธๅฏธๅพ ใใใฆ็ฝฎใใฆไธใใ–ไปใ็ดใซๆฏ้จๅฑใ็ไปใใใใใใไฟกๅทใฎไฟๅฎ้จ้ใ็ฌ็ซใใใใๅๅคๅฑ้ปๆฐๅทฅๆฅญใ๏ผ็พใป 1991ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅใใใทใชใผใบๅใใใใฉใไป็ซใฆใฎๅ ๅฎนใง2ๅนดใใจ๏ผ็ฌฌ1ใทใชใผใบใฎใฟ3ๅนด๏ผใซไธปไบบๅ ฌใๅคใใชใใๆพๆ ใใใใ ใไธญๅคฎ็ซถ้ฆฌๅฎๆณไธญ็ถใใฎ้ขๆฑๅฐๅบใไธปใซๆ ๅฝๅพใ2007ๅนด4ๆใใๅๅฑๆบๅธฏๅ ฌๅผใตใคใใฎ้ณๅฃฐใณใฉใ ใๆ ชใใซใป
ๆฌๆพ้ใปๅๆพ้ใจใ๏ผใใใใใๅฑใฎใจใใจใ ๅฑฑๅฝข๏ผๅฑฑๅฝข็ใป ใใฎใใไธๆจๆญฆๅคซใจใใๅ่ฃ่ ใฎๆฌ่ณชใๆๆจฉ่ ใซๅพนๅบ็ใซ็่งฃใใฆใใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใจใใฆใๅบๅ ฑใฎใใๆนใ็กๆ้ตไพฟใฎ็บ้ใๆผ่ชฌไผใฎๆฅ็จใๆ้้ ๅใชใฉใๅๆๆค่จใใชใใ้ธๆๆฆใ้ฒใใใๅฝ้็งปๆฐใฎๆญฃๅผใชๆณ็ๅฎ็พฉใฏใพใ ใชใใใๅคใใฎๅฐ้ๅฎถใฏๅฝ้็งปๆฐใจใฏใใใฎ็็ฑใๆณ็ๅฐไฝใซ้ขใใใใ้ๅธธใฎๅฑ ไฝๅฝใๅคๆดใใไบบใงใใใจใใ็นใงไธ่ดใใฆใใใ
1952ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ27ๅนด๏ผใๅๆๅญ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ กๅๆฅญๅพใๆฅๆฌๆฉไธ่ถใธใฎๅ ฅ็คพ่ฉฆ้จใซๅใใใ่ฆชใฎๅๅฏพใซ้ญใใ ใใใฏไปใกใณใใผใๅใใชใฎใงใๆฐๅญใซ่กจใใใใใใ็ซถไบใ็ใพใใใใผใ ๅ ใงๅ็ฃ็ข็ฃจใใฆใใพใใ 1962ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ37ๅนด๏ผใใใใใใใใฉใใ๏ผ็พๅจใฎไธๅซใใฉใ๏ผใซใฏๆฌ ใใใชใๅญๅจใจใใฆไบบๆฐใ้ใใใๆฅๆฌๆพ้ไฝๅฎถๅไผๅฅณๆงๆผๆ่ ่ณใใๅ่ณใๆผๆๅใจใใใฌใๅฅณๅชใใณใใผ1ใฎๅฐไฝใ็ขบ็ซใใใใ้ ๅฑใใใๅๆๅฃฒใๅ ดใซๅพใฎๅฅณๅชใป
๏ผ๏ผๅนดไฝๅใจใชใใพใใใ๏ผฎ๏ผจ๏ผซใใฏใญใผใบใขใใ็พไปฃใใงใใใใชใ่ฒ่ฑไผใ่ชๆญป้บๅ ใธใฎๅฅจๅญฆ้ใๅบใใ ใใงใฏใชใใใฐใซใผใใใผใใฃใณใฐใไธๆณ็ ไฟฎไผใ้ใใๅฝผใใฎๅฟใฎใฑใขใใใฆไธใใ็ช็ตใ่ฆใใจใๆถใๆตใใชใใ่ฆใฆใใใพใใใ
ใคใใง81ๅนดใซใฏ๏ผๅฐๅญฆๆ กๆๅ็ถฑ้ ใๅบใใ๏ผๅๆ็งใฎ็ฎๆจใป ใใฎๅพใ็ฒพ็ฅ็งใซ็นใใๆ่ฌใใใใใฎ็ฉบใใๅพ ใฃใฆ๏ผใถๆใฎๅ ฅ้ขใๆๆ ๅทๅฎฎ็พไป่ฆช็ๅฆ ่ฃๅญ 1888ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป21ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ1ๆฅ ไธ่จๅๆงใ็ๅใใใฎ่ฆชๆใ ใใฎไปใ็ๆ็ทๅญใ่ฃ็ฑ้ไธใใฆๆญ็ตถใใๅฎฎๅฎถใฎ็ฅญ็ฅใ็ถๆฟใใไพใซใ่ฏ้ ๅไฟก๏ผไพฏ็ตใไผ่ฆๅฎฎๅๆญ็ใฎ็ฌฌ3็ทๅญ๏ผใๆฑไผ่ฆๆ ๆดฝ๏ผไผฏ็ตใไน ้ๅฎฎ้ฆๅฝฆ็ใฎ็ฌฌ3็ทๅญ๏ผใใใใ
ๆกไปถใ่จญๅฎใใฆใๆ้ๅ ใซใฏใฌใคใใผใณใๅใใซๆฅใชใใใฐใในใซใใใใฏๅคงๅญฆไปๅฑๅณๆธ้คจใซ้ต้ใใใใใซๆ้ ใใใๅคๅฐๅณใฎใใใใฎใพใพไฝฟใใชใใ ใฟใคใใซใญใดใฎๅฏ้กใฏใๅ่กๆฌใฎ่กจ็ดใงใฏ็ฌฌ1ๅทปใใใ้ๅบงๆณๅฏฟๅธไธไปฃ็ฎใใจใชใฃใฆใใใใๅ่กๆฌใฎ็ฎๆฌกใซใใใญใดใงใฏใ็ฌฌ1ๅทปใใ้ใทใฃใชpart
IIใใ็ฌฌ2ๅทปใฏใ้ๅบงใๆณๅฏฟๅธใไธไปฃ็ฎๅฅฎ้่จ!
ใใฎไบ้ฝๅธใฏใHPLใฎ่จญๅฎใงใฏๅฅ็ฉใ ใใใใผใฌในใฏๅไธใฎ็ฉใจใใฆๆฑใฃใฆใใใไบ่จ่ ใซใใฃใฆๆป ใถใจ่จใใใฆใใๅฝใงๅฏไธ็ใใฆใใใๅ่ฏ้ใจๅๆตใๆใใใๆฑ้ทใฎๆญปใซๆฒใใฟใซใใใไธญใๅ่ฏใฎๆด่ตฐใๆญขใใใใจใใใใใใชใงในใฟใณใฌใณใฎไธๆใใๅฟใใฆใใๅฏไธ่ชๅใ็่งฃใใฆใใใใขใคใใซใจใฎใใใใใซๅทปใ่พผใพใๅณถใซๆฅใ็็ฑใๆใๅบใใๅบทไปใซใใใฎใใใใๅฝขใงๆญปใๅใๅ ฅใใฆใๅบทไปใซ้ญๅฉใชๅ็ฉใงๅบใใๆฎบใใใฆใใพใใ
ใดใทใใใฌใผใซ ใใฉใ The CW ในใผใใผ!ๆใฎใใใใใ ใใฉใ
ABC Family ใใฃใบใใผใป ใฆใงใคใใชใผ้ใใฎใฆใฃใถใผใใใก ใณใกใใฃ Disney Channel ใใฃใบใใผใป ใทใใใณใ
Disney Channel ใใฃใบใใผใป ใตใใผwithใใฃใณใน ใทใใใณใ Disney Channel ใใฃใบใใผใป 2019 ใใใฐใใณโ ใปใชใชใผ/ใฎใผใฏใชใใฏใใฎๆๆๆณๅ ใทใใใณใ CBS ในใผใใผ!
ใฆใฉใซใใฎๆญปๅพใ้ทใไฝ่ฟทๆใ็ต้จใใใใฃใบใใผใงใใฃใใใ1980ๅนดๅพๅใใ1990ๅนดไปฃใซใใใฆใใชใใซใป้ท็ใใชในใฏใซๅใใฆ่ฆชใใๆบๅใใใฆใใใใจ็ญใใ254ไบบใซใๅ ทไฝ็ใซๆบๅใใใฆใใใใจใๆใใฆใใใฃใใจใใใ1ไฝใ่ฒฏ่ใป 12ๆ – ใฌใผใใฃใใผๆ ก้ทใฎ่จญ่จใซใใๆฐๆ ก่๏ผ็ซๆๅคงๅญฆๆ ก๏ผใๆฑไบฌใป
ๆฅๆฌใฎๅไบบใฏ็ใ้ใ้้ ใ้ ใชใฉใใใใใ ไบบใๆใฃใฆใใ็ตนใ็ ็ณใ้ฆ่พๆใใใฃใฏใใณใชใฉใจไบคๆใใฆๆใกๅธฐใใ่ซๅคงใชๅฉ็ใใใใใ่ฉฉ้ใฎใฟใชใใใๅฐ่ชฌใๆผซ็ปใชใฉใฎๅไบบใซใใไฝๅใๅใใๅไบบ่ช๏ผๅๅ่ช๏ผใๆดใซใฏๅๆฅญๆ้ใใขใณใฝใญใธใผใงใใใ 2020ๅนด12ๆๆ็นใฎๆฅ็ณปไผๅกไผๆฅญๆฐใฏ็ด1,
985็คพใงใใใๆฑๅใขใธใข่ซธๅฝ้ฃๅใซใใใฆ1ไฝใซใใใ ใใจไป่ฟใซ้ฝใใใฃใใใฃใณใ็ๅฝใจ่ใใใใใ 753ๅนดใซใฏ้ฃๅไฝฟ่คๅๆธ ๆฒณใ้ฟๅไปฒ้บปๅใๅธฐๅฝใฎ้ไธใๅใใๆผๆตใใๅฝๆไธญๅฝ้ ใ ใฃใๅฎๅใฎใดใฃใณไป่ฟใซๆผ็ใใใ
ใใฎๅพ1620ๅนดใพใงใ50้ปใฎๆฑๅฐ่นใๅกไธญใซ้ใใใๅนๅบใซใจใฃใฆๆๅคงใฎไบคๆๅฝใจใชใฃใใ
ไปๅใฏ้ฆๆฐดใฎๅใใๆฐๆใกๆชใใจๆใใฎใฏใชใใชใฎใใใพใใใฎๆใฎๅฏพๅฆๆณใใฉใไผใใในใใใ่ชฟๆปใใฆใฟใพใใใ ใใใงใฏใๅ ทไฝ็ใชไฝ้จ่ซใจๅ ฑใซๅฝผๆฐใฎใใฌใใฌใๆฐๆใกๆชใๆใฎๅฏพๅฆๆณ17้ธใใ็ดนไปใใฆใใใพใใใใๆฐใใในใฟใคใซใงๅฎๅฎใฎ้ญ ๅใไฝ้จใงใใใฎใ็นๅพด็ใ ใใฎใใใซ่ฒดๅญฆใง็คพไผ่ชฒ้กใซๅฏพใใฆใใใใ่ฆ็นใใใฎๆ่ๅใจๅฎ่ทตๅใ็ฟๅพใใใใจๆใๅฟๆใใใๅๅนด12ๆ1ๆฅใๆชๆฅๅฑๆธๅบใจใคใชใณใชใใผใซใฎๅใซใซใใฃใผๆๅฎคใฎ้ๅถไบๆฅญใๆฟ็ถใ ใใฎ่จไบใ่ฆใฆๅฐใใงใๅคใใฎไบบใๆใๅทฎใไผธในใๅดใซๅใฃใฆใใใ ใใใๅฌใใใงใใ
2016ๅนดใฏใๅคๅฝไบบๆฅๅ ด่ ใธใฎใตใผใในๅไธใ็ฎๆใใๅค่จ่ช้ณๅฃฐ็ฟป่จณๆฉใใในใๅฐๅ ฅใใใ 2023ๅนด
– ๅ ฅๅ ดๅถ้ใๆคๅปใใใณในใใฌใๅ้ใ ใใ ใใ่ฅๅนดๅฑคใฎใณใญใใฏใฏใใณๆฅ็จฎ็ถๆณใไธ้ๆใฎใใใๅฎๅ จ้ขใ่ๆ ฎใใๅฐๅญฆ็ไปฅไธใฎๅ ฅๅ ดใ็ฆๆญขใใใใจใจใใณในใใฌใ็ฆๆญขใใใ 2022ๅนด – ไธ่ฌๅ ฌ้ใๅ้ใใใ ใๅฐๅญฆ็ไปฅไธใฎๅ ฅๅ ดใจใณในใใฌใฏ็ฆๆญขใ็ฌฌ2ๅ ๆฑไบฌใฒใผใ ใทใงใฆ’97ๆฅ
ใฟใใช้ใพใใฒใผใ ใฎๆฐๅญฆๆ๏ผ็ฌฌ21ๅ ๆฑไบฌใฒใผใ ใทใงใฆ2011 ๅฟใ่บใใฐใใใใฏGAMEใงใใ
ๅ็ๅดๅ็ใฎ่ชฟๆปใซใใใจใ้ๅป3ๅนด้๏ผๅนณๆ26ๅนด7ๆ1ๆฅ – ๅนณๆ29ๅนด6ๆ30ๆฅ๏ผใซใใใฆใไฝฟ็จ่ ๅดใจใฎ้ใง่กใใใๅฃไฝไบคๆธใฎ็ถๆณใใฟใใจใใๅฃไฝไบคๆธใ่กใฃใใ67.6%๏ผๅนณๆ27ๅนด่ชฟๆป67.8%๏ผใใๅฃไฝไบคๆธใ่กใใชใใฃใใ32.0%๏ผๅ32.2%๏ผใจใชใฃใฆใใใ 4ๆ30ๆฅ – ็ใซใซใใปไฝๅใดใ ๅทฅๆฅญใฎๅทฅๅ ดๅ ใง็ณ็ถฟใไฝฟ็จใใๅทฅ็จใซๆบใใใใใฎๅพ1997ๅนดๅใณ2000ๅนดใซ้่ทๅพใซไธญ็ฎ่ ซใ็บ็ใใๅ ็คพๅก2ไบบๅใณ้บๆ1ไบบใใๅดๅ็ตๅใๅ ตๅบซใฆใใชใณใใ้ใใๅ็คพใซๅฏพใใๅฅๅบท่จบๆญใ่ฃๅๅถๅบฆ็ขบ็ซใๆฑใๅฃไฝไบคๆธใ่ฆๆฑใใใๅ็คพใฏๆๅฆใใ2006ๅนด11ๆใซๅใฆใใชใณใใๅ ตๅบซ็ๅดๅๅงๅกไผใซๆๆธใ็ณใ็ซใฆใใๅดไธใใใใใใ็ฅๆธๅฐ่ฃใซๆ่จดใ
163ใใๅ จใฆใฎ็นๆฎๆณไบบใป 4ๆ21ๆฅ – ็ฅ็ฐๆณไบบๅถๆฅญ้จใฎๅ็งฐใใๆฌๅบๆณไบบๅถๆฅญ้จใใซๆน็งฐใ 4ๆ10ๆฅ – ๆๆบไฟก็จ้ๅบซใฎใใกใๅไผๅขไธ้ไฟก็จ้ๅบซใATM็ธไบใใใๅฉ็จๆๆฐๆใ็กๆๅ๏ผไฟก้ใจใฎๆๆบใจใใฆใฏๅใฎ็กๆๅ๏ผใ ใในใฆใฎ้ ้ๅฃๅบง้่จญ่ ใซใใคใชใณใใณใฏใซใผใใ๏ผๆญฃๅผๅ็งฐใฏใใคใชใณ้่กใญใฃใใทใฅใซใผใใ๏ผใจๅผใฐใใใญใฃใใทใฅใซใผใใ็บ่กใใใ้ ้้ๅธณใฏๆไพใใใชใใ
ใใฎ่จ่ใซใใคใฆใฎ่ฆใๆใๆใๅบใใ้ชๅญใฏใไธไบบใ็ ่ใซ็ซใไปใใใฎใ ใฃใใๅฅณๅญๅพกไธๅฎถใงใฏ็ญ้ ญใฎๅฐไฝใ่ชใใๆฑๅคงๅๆ ผ60ๅใจๅฅณๅญๆ กใงใฏๆฅๆฌไธใฎ้ฒๅญฆๅฎ็ธพใ่ชใใ็ปๅ ดๅฝๆใฏ้ซๆ ก3ๅนด็ใงใใไธปๅฐใ็ปๅ ดๅฝๆใฏไธญๅญฆ3ๅนดใ็ปๅ ดๅฝๆใฏ้ซๆ ก1ๅนดใ็ปๅ ดๅฝๆใฏ้ซๆ ก2ๅนด็ใงใใๅฏไธปๅฐใ 2022ๅนด๏ผNHKๅบ็ๆฐๆธใๅฐๆ็ง้ใฎใไบบ็ใ่ซใ๏ผๆตๅดๆดไป่๏ผใ็ฌฌ31ๅๅฑฑๆฌไธๅนณ่ณๅฅจๅฑ่ณใๅ่ณใ
ใชใขใซใชๅฑ็คบไผใงใฏไผๅ ดใฎๅๅฎนไบบๆฐใซ้็ใใใใพใใใใกใฟใใผในใงใฏใใฎ้็ใใปใผใชใใๆฐ็พไบบใใๆฐไธไบบไปฅไธใฎๅๅ ่ ใๅๆใซ่ฟใใใใจใใงใใพใใ ใชใ่ทใซใใ่จชๅ็่ญทใใ็่ญทไฝๅถๅผทๅๅ ็ฎใ่ฆไปถใงๆๅถใใใจใจใใซใๅไฝๆฐ็ญใ้ฉๆญฃๅ-็คพไฟๅฏฉใปไธใถๆต็บใซใฏๅคๅฝไบบ้ฟๆๅฐใ้ใใใๆญดๅฒใ่ๆฏใจใใๅฐๅใฎๅฝ้ๅๆ ็นใงใใไธใถๆตๅฝ้ๆใ้ฟๆๅฐ่ฟใใซ่จญใใใใฆใใใ
้ซใใใถใคใณๆงใฎๅฝๅ ใใฉใณใใ “่ญฆ่ญท้ๆๅฑใฎๅฐๆ กใ้ๅผพใ่ธใซๅใๆญปไบก ๆฏๅคง็ตฑ้ ๅบใฎๆทๅฐๅ ใง”.
ใพใใ็ฌฌ8่ฉฑใฏ30.0%ใๆ็ตๅใฏ32.5%ใ่จ้ฒใๅๆใใฉใใงใฏใๅฎถใชใๅญ2ใ๏ผ1995ๅนดๆพ้๏ผไปฅๆฅใฎ่ฆ่ด็30%่ถ ใใ้ๆใใใชใฉใๅนณๆไธญๆใฎๆๅคงใฎใใใไฝใจใชใฃใใ็ทๆงใ54ๆญณใไผ็คพๅกใๅๆBIMใฟใคใใฏใฏใฉใใซใผใฟใคใใ “ใตใฆใธใๅฅณๆงใฎ้่ปข่งฃ็ฆใธ ๆญดๅฒ็ๆฑบๅฎใ2018ๅนด6ๆใใ”.
“ๅๆ้ฎฎใธใฎๆธก่ช็ฆๆญข๏ผใใฌใผใทใข”.
“ใฏใซใ่ชๆฒปๅบใฎไธญๅฟ้ฝๅธ็บ็ใฎๅฝ้ไพฟใ29ๆฅใใ้่ชๅๆญขใธ ใคใฉใฏ”.
FNN NEWSCOM – FNSใฎๆฅ๏ผFNSในใผใใผในใใทใฃใซใใฌใๅคขๅๅณถใปๅนณๆๆ่ฒใใฌใ๏ผ – ใขใกใชใซใฎๅค – 444ใฎๆๆ – FNNในใใผใฏ – FNN ใใฏใใ!
2015: ๅไบไปฃ็ฎ้ฝไธไธญใปๅฑไธญๆณๅบฆ!ๅคงๆๆณไบบใ้่ๆฉ้ขใๆตทๅคๆฅญๅใซ้ขใใฆใฏใๅใฐใซใผใๅไธใงใใใฟใใปใณใผใใฌใผใ้่กใๆฅญๅๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใฆใใใๅๅใซใใฃใฆใฏใไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใๆๅนใซ็ถ็ถใใใใใใซใฏใๆ่พผๆนๆณใซๅฟใใๆๆฅใพใงใซ็ถ็ถ็ใซไฟ้บๆใๆใ่พผใใงใใใ ใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใพใใ
ใใฎใปใใๅๆตท้ใซใใใฆใ็งปไฝไฟ้ฒๆดปๅใ็ใใซ่กใใใฆใใใ็ตๆธ็็ฃๆฅญๆ่ก็ฐๅขๅฑ้ปๅญใชใตใคใฏใซๆจ้ฒ่ชฒใซๆๅฑใใฆใใใจใชใผใใ็ตๆธๅฎๅใ 44ๆญณใ่บซ้ท182cmใๅ ๅท่กๅฎใ ๏ผใตใณใฏใใฅใขใช๏ผใฎไฟๅ จๅฎใ EICMAใงใฒใจ่ถณๅ ใซ็บ่กจใใใๆฐๅZ900ใฏใ2020ๅนด1ๆ15ๆฅใซๅฝๅ ไปๆงใ็บๅฃฒใใใใใจใ็บ่กจใใใใๆฆ้ๅทฅไฝ็จใฎๅคงๅๅผทๅๅค้ชจๆ ผใๆ็ธฆใใใ ในใใซในในใผใใ่ฃ ็ใใฆๅตๅฏไฝๆฆใ่กใใๆฏๆด็จใฎๅผทๅๅค้ชจๆ ผใ่ฃ ็ใใใ
ๆดฅไน ไบๅฐๅๅไฝตๅ่ญฐไผใใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใใๅๅฑฑ็บ้ท๏ผๅฝๆ๏ผใฏ2005ๅนด6ๆใซ่ญฐไผ็ญๅผใงๅ็ฌ็บๅถใฎ็ถ็ถใ่กจๆใใใใใซ2005ๅนด7ๆใฎๅ่ญฐไผใงใฏ43ๅฏพ1ใงๅไฝต็ฎๆจๆๆฅใ่จญๅฎใใใไบใซๅ็บใใฆๅ่ญฐไผๅฏไผ้ท่ทใฎ่พไปปๅฑใๆๅบใ้ๅธญใใ๏ผๅๅฏพ่ ใฏๅๅฑฑ็บ้ท1ไบบใงใ่พไปปๅฑใฏไผ้ท้ ใใ๏ผใ็ธ25็ณป็ตฑ๏ผๅ ใไธไธไธ็ฎ – ้บปๆบ่ปๅบซ๏ผ็ธๆจกๅ้ง ๅๅฃ – ๅ้ๅคงๅญฆ็ ้ขใป
7ๆ23ๆฅ – SGใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใจใฎๆฅญๅๆๆบใซใใใๅ็คพๅไธใฎไฝๅทๆฅไพฟใจใฎ้ฃๆบใซใใใใชใณใฉใคใณใทใงใใใงๆณจๆใใๅๅใๅใๅใใใจใใงใใใใณใณใใๅๅใใตใผใในใใ้ๅง๏ผๅฝๅใฏใธใงใคใขใคใจใใ้ๅถใใใJINSใชใณใฉใคใณใทใงใใใใใ้ๅงใใ็ฟๆใใใฏใใฃใในใป
่ฑไบใฏ2ๅนด่ฟใ็้คๆใซใใใใๆฒป็ใฎ่ฆ่พผใฟใฏใชใใฃใใๅคซใฎๆ้กใซ่ฒ ใใๅนธๅญใฏๅคซใ่ชๅฎ ็้คใซๅใๆฟใใไปๆทปใใฎ็่ญทๅฉฆใ้ ผใใ ใ ใซใใใใใใใๅคซใจ็่ญทๅฉฆใฎใใไบ้ใฎๅง่ฟซใซใๅนธๅญใฎๅฟใฏ่ฟฝใใคใใใใฆใใโฆๅฎถๆใฎ่ชใใใ้ฎใใใจใใใฉใผใกใณๅบใฎๅบๅกใซใๆใใใๅญไพใใใพใ ้ฃใฃใฆใ้ไธญใงใใใใใใจ่จ่ใ่ใใใไบ้ใ ใฃใใๆฉๅท้ปๆฉๅทฅๆฅญไธ็คพๆไพ๏ผใซใฆๆพๆ ใๅฎ้ใๅชๅท่ฃๅญใฏๅธธใซๅฟ ๅฎใงๆ ใฟๆทฑใใฃใใๆๅทๅใซใใๆ่ชญCDใใ2003ๅนดใซๆฐๆฝฎ็คพใใ็บๅฃฒใใใใ
ใใ ใใๅปๆญขๅพใๅ็ฌใฎATMใณใผใใผใๆฎใใฆใใใ ใใ ใใๅปๆญขๅพใ็ ้ขๅ ใซใใๅฑฑ้ฐๅๅ้่กๅนนไบใง้ณฅๅไฟก็จ้ๅบซใป 6ๆ26ๆฅ – ๅๆฅใฎๅถๆฅญใๆใฃใฆใๅ ซ้นฟๆฏๅบใๅปๆญข๏ผๆฅญๅ็ถๆฟๅบ๏ผ่ฑๅฒกๆฏๅบ๏ผใ 2ๆ12ๆฅ – ๅๆฅใฎๅถๆฅญใใใฃใฆๅบ้ฒ้ง ๅๆฏๅบใป
10ๆ23ๆฅ – ใขใใณใใฉใป 8ๆ23ๆฅ
– Pใป 2020ๅนด3ๆ23ๆฅ – ๅๆ31ๆฅใพใงใ้ๅปใฎใใฃใณใใชใณใซใใใฐใฉใณใใใฃใณใใชใณๅคงไผใ่กใใใใ็คพไผไบบ้็ๆฅๆฌ้ธๆๆจฉๅคงไผใป “ใฝ้ฃใฏ่ชฟๅฐใๆๅฆ ๆฅๆฌใไธปๆจฉๅๅพฉใใใใตใณใใฉใณใทในใณๅนณๅๆก็ดใใฎ่ฃๅด”.่ทไบบๆฐ่ณชไธๆฌๆฐใชไผดใจใฏๅฏพ็ ง็ใซใ็คพไผไบบใจใใฆไธๆ ฃใใชๆฐไบบใใกใซ้ ใ้ฉใฃใใ้ขจไฟใซใคใใฆ่กใใใจใงๆๆใใใในใฟๅ ดใซๅใใณใๆดพ้ฅใใใใใฎๅฝขๆใใใปใฉไธ้ๆ ฃใใใฆใใไธ้ขใใใใ “ๅคง็ตฑ้ ใฎ็คพไผๆน้ฉๆกใซ็ๅ็บใในใ็ธๆฌกใ”.
ใๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใๆ ชๆด่ฝใๅพฉ่้่ฆใงๅๆ้ซๅค๏ผ2011ๅนด4ๆ6ๆฅๆ็นใฎใขใผใซใคใ๏ผ – SankeiBiz๏ผใตใณใฑใคใใบ๏ผใ2011ๅนด3ๆ24ๆฅใ ใๆฑไบฌๆ ชๆด่ฝ
1300ๅ่ถ ไธใ ไธ่ฝ็ใฏ้ๅป2็ช็ฎใใ็ฃ็ตๆฐ่ใ2011ๅนด3ๆ15ๆฅใๆฑไบฌๆ ช1015ๅๅฎ
ไธ่ฝ็ใ้ๅป3ไฝใฎ10ใป 2022ๅนด5ๆใใใ็ฐ่พบๅธใซๅฎถๆใงUใฟใผใณใใ7ๆๆ่ฒใใญใฐใฉใ ้ๅถๆ ชๅผไผ็คพTODAYใ่จญ็ซใ “. NHK. 2021ๅนด7ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใใใฎๅพฉ่ใฎๅบๆฌๆน้ ๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝๅพฉ่ๅฏพ็ญๆฌ้จใๅนณๆ23ๅนด7ๆ29ๆฅใ
1800ๅนดไปฃ็ใพใใฎๆๅพใฎไธไบบใจใใใฆใใใคใฟใชใขใฎไธ็ๆ้ซ้ฝขใฎๅฅณๆงใใจใณใใป 2ๆ6ๆฅ
– ใใฝใญใขใณ่ซธๅณถใ ใขใกใชใซๅฐ่ณช่ชฟๆปๆใซใใใจใ็พๅฐๆ้ๅๅพ0ๆ12ๅ๏ผๆฅๆฌๆ้ๅๅ10ๆ12ๅ๏ผ้ ใๅๅคชๅนณๆดใปๆฆไบ็ต็ตใซใใใฃใฆใๅบๅณถใซๅ็ใๆไธใใใใใจใใใฉใฎใใใซๅใใจใใใใพใใใใ
ใตใใฏใใๅพกๅ ๏ผใฟใใใ๏ผใ่ณใธใๅ ่ฒฌไบ้ ใฏ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใฎ่ปไธกไฟ้บใ้ฉ็จใใใชใใฑใผในใงใใ 11ๆ1ๆฅใใ11ๆ30ๆฅใพใงใๅๅทฅไผ็ต็นใจใใฆใฏๅ จๅฝใงๅใใฆใใกใฟใใผใน็ฉบ้ใๅฉ็จใใๆถๆก็บๅๅทฅไผ็ฌ่ชใฎใชใณใฉใคใณๅฑ็คบไผใๅฎๆฝใใพใใ๏ผ ใใใฏๆงๅฃซๆใจใ็บใฎๅไบบใจใใ็พๅงใจใๅงไพถ๏ผใฐใใใ๏ผใจใใใใใใพใ ๅคใซ็ฉขๅคใจใใต้็ดใใใใพใใ ใใฃใกใใๆ้ณดใฃใฆๆชใใฃใใๅคงไบบๆฐใชใใฃใใจ่จใใใใฆใใ่จ่ใซใงใใชใ่ชๅใใใพใใใๆฅๅในใใผใๆ ็ปๅคง่ณใป
ใฒใใ่ใใใฎใฏใ้ฆๆทณ็ๅใจใฎๆๅฉๅพใใใงใๆๅฉใฎ่จๅฟตใซ่ใใฆใใใใจใใ็ทๅญใๅฏไธใคใฎ็นๆจฉใ ใใใใจใใใใฎ็็ฑใ่ชฌๆใใฆใใใๆจฉๅฉใใใณ็พฉๅใฏใ่ฆชๆ้ขไฟใซๅบใฅใใฆ็ใใใใจใใใใพใใๆๅญๅ ่ฆช็๏ผๆฑไน ้ๆๅญ๏ผใฎ้ท็ทใปไปๆนใ1986ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ61ๅนด๏ผไปฅ้ใๅญซใฎไธไบบใงใใๆไป่ฆช็ใๅฃใฒใใใใใใๅงใใใจใใซใฏใ็คผๅฎฎใฎใฒใใฏใชใใจใใชใใใฎใใใจ่ฆ่จใๅใใใ่ช่บซใฎไบบ็ใจ็ฅ็็บ้ใซใใฃใจใๅฝฑ้ฟใไธใใไบบ็ฉใฏใใใคใใงๅญฆใใ ใใจใซๆฅๆฌใฎ่ฅฟๆดๅฒใฎๆจฉๅจใจใชใฃใๆฅๆฌไบบๆๆใ็ฎไฝๅ ๅ ซใงใใใ
ใจ่จใคใใใใช้กไปใ ใจ่จใคใใฎใฏ่ฆใใฆๅฑ ใใใๅ ถไปใฎ่ฉฑใฏใในใฆ่จๆถใซๆฎใใชใใคใใ ใจ่จใคใฆใไธๆพใฏ่ชๅใฎๅใซ็ซใคๅฐๅนดใฎ้ฉใๅใถ้กใ่ฆใใใจๆใตใฎใงใใคใใ ใใจใ็ธๆใ่ชๅใใๅนดใใญใฃใชใขใไธใๆใซใฏๅฏฟๅธ่ทไบบใๆ็ไบบไปฅๅคใ็ธๆใซใใฆใใฆใใใใใพใงๅนใฃใฆใใๆ่กใๆใใฟใชใไผๆใใใชใฉใฎๆใฎๆทฑใ้ขใใใใ ใ็ฌๅทๅ–ๅใฏๆฐๅใงใๆชใใจ่ฆใใใญใ
ใๅ ถๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชใๅใฎใใใช–ใใจไธๆพใฏ็ๅพใฎ้กใ็บใใฆใใไบบใๅ๏ผใ๏ผใใใใฆ่จใตใใฎใฏใ่ฒฐใตใใใงใใใ ใใจๅพฉใ็ๅพใฏ่พ้ใใใๆๅคใซใ็ๅพใฏๆฏใฎ่ด็ฉใๅใใชใใคใใ
ใๅพๆ้ซ้ฝข่ ๅป็ไบๆฅญ็ถๆณๅ ฑๅใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๅ็ๅดๅ็ใ2015ๅนด12ๆใ “ใใใซใ้ฝใทใใฃๆดฅใไผๆฅญ 9ๆใใใๅ้ๆๆๆชๅฎ”.
ไธญๆฅๆฐ่ (2020ๅนด8ๆ5ๆฅ). 2020ๅนด10ๆ12ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 4
June 2020. 2020ๅนด6ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ (2021ๅนด6ๆ28ๆฅ).
2021ๅนด7ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ NHK NEWS WEB. ๆฅๆฌๆพ้ๅไผ.ๆๆฅๆพ้ (2020ๅนด4ๆ27ๆฅ).
2020ๅนด6ๆ4ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใฎๅ ฅ้ใฏใๅพๆฅ้ใไธๅฏใจใชใ๏ผใ้ๅธธใฎใใงใคในใงใฏใชใ้่ฒใฎใกใฟใซใใงใคในใซใชใฃใฆใใใไบฌ้ฝๅธๅฝนๆ๏ผใใใใจใใใใใ๏ผใฏใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใงใใไบฌ้ฝๅธใฎๅท่กๆฉ้ขใจใใฆใฎไบๅใ่กใๆฝ่จญ๏ผๅฝนๆ๏ผใงใใใ่จ่ช็ญใฎไบบใ ใไบใใซๅใ้ใฆใใใใใจใชใใใชใขใซใจใใผใใฃใซใฎๅๆนใ่กใๆฅใงใใๆฐใใไฝ้จใจ็ตๆธๅใๅตๅบใใใXRใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณไบๆฅญใใ2021ๅนดใใๅฑ้ใใใกใฟใใผในใๆดป็จใใๆ่ฒๆฏๆดใใ่ชๆฒปไฝใฎๅฐๅๆดปๆงๅใใใกใฟใใผในๅฝนๆใ็ญใฎ่กๆฟใตใผใในๅไธใจ็ชๅฃๆฅญๅใฎใใธใฟใซใใฉใณในใใฉใผใกใผใทใงใณ๏ผDX๏ผใๆฏๆดใใฆใใพใใ “ใญใใซใผ็ฒๅใๅใฎMV็ฃ็ฃใงใฏใณใซใกใฏใณใซใใๆฎๅฝฑ”.
ใๆๅใณใญใณใญใณใใใฏใ2010ๅนด10ๆๅทใจ2011ๅนด1ๆๅทใๅ่กๆฌ็ฌฌ6ๅทปๅๅๆฌ้ๅฎใงใใฌใผใณใใใใใกใใชใจใซใใฉใดLW105LFใฎ้ๅฎใซใฉใผใฎใฌใขใใคใ
ๅผๅไฟ้บไผ็คพๅใใฏใชใใฏใใใจๅผๅไฟ้บไผ็คพใฎใใผใ ใใผใธใซใชใณใฏใใพใใ ใใใใใฏ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใฎไธญใงใ่ปไธกไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใซใคใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใไธๆพใ้ชใฎไธญใๆฅใใ ใไบบใ ใฎๆ ใๅฌๆท๏ผใใใใ๏ผๆใตใซใคใใฆใใไธๆพใฏๅฟใซๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใ่ใธใฆใไฝใจใชใๅ ถไบบใฎๅฑ ใชใใฎใ็ฉ่ถณใใชใใคใใ็ฒใใฆใใใคใใใใฆใ่ต่ฃ๏ผใใ๏ผใฎไธ๏ผใใ๏ผใๆก๏ผใใพใก๏ผใซ่ ฐๆใไนใใ้ชใฎ่้๏ผใใใข๏ผใ่งฃ๏ผใปใฉ๏ผใใๅพใๆธฉๆ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใๆด๏ผใใ๏ผใๆนฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎไธญใธ่ถณใๆตธใใๆใฎๅ ถไธๆพใฎๅฟๅฐใฏๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใใช๏ผใงใใคใใใใๅฏ๏ผใใ๏ผ–ใๅฟไฟใฎๅงฟใ่ฆใใชใใฎใฏๅฅไฝใใใใ
ๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใไธๆใซๆดป็จใใใใใซใฏใไฟ้บใฎใทในใใ ใ็่งฃใใ่ชๅใฎใฉใคใในใฟใคใซใ้่ปข็ฟๆ ฃใซๅใใใฆ้ธใถใใจใๅคงๅใงใใ ใใใซใ้่ปขๆญดใๆต ใใฆใใๆฐๅใฎ่ปไธกใงๅฎๅ จ่ฃ ็ฝฎใใคใใฆใใฆใใถใคใใๅฏ่ฝๆงใไฝใๆนใใใฎใใใชๆนใ ใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใใใจใซใใใไฟ้บๆใๅฎใใใๆนใใๅพใซใชใใใจใใใใพใใ้่ปขๆญดใ้ทใใไฟ้บใไฝฟใฃใไบๆ ใใชใใจใชใใจ่ชใใจ็ญ็ดใ้ซใใชใฃใฆใใใจๆใใพใใ้ใซ้่ปขใซ่ชไฟกใใชใใใพใใฏ้ ป็นใซ้่ปขใใๆฉไผใใใไบบใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใไฝใ่จญๅฎใไธใไธใฎไบๆ ใซๅใใใฎใ่ฏใใงใใใใ ใงใใใๅฎถ่จใงใใใใชๅบ่ฒปใ้ใชใไฟฎ็ไปฃใๅบใใพใงใฏใจใๆฉใฟใฎๆนใฏใไธๆฆไฟ้บใไฝฟใฃใฆ็ฟๅนดใใไฟ้บๆใฏไธใใใพใใใๅๅฒๆใใซใชใใจใใ่ใๆนใใใใพใใ
1999ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ11ๅนด๏ผ4ๆใซไผ็คพๆด็ๆณใฎไธใง็ตๅถๅๅปบไธญใ ใฃใๅ็คพใฎๆฏๆดใซๅ็ปใใๅๅนด11ๆใซๆ ชๅผใฎ50.14%ใๅๅพใใใๅฑฑๅฏบใจใใฉใใฏในใฏๅใๆญณใงใใใๅไฝใฏๅคงๅฅฝใใชๆ ็ปใงๅนใๆฟใใใใใใใจๆใฃใฆใใใจใใใซใชใใกใผใๆฅใใจใใใใๅฑฑๅฏบใใพใใๆฑๅใใใฏๅคงๅ ่ผฉใใๅฎๅ็ใงใธใผใใผๅฝนใๆผใใใฎใฏใๅคใใฎๅบๆผไฝใงๅฑฑๅฏบใๅนใๆฟใใๆ ๅฝใใใฆใฃใซใป ใใฃใบใใผ่ฃฝไฝใฎไฝๅใงใฏใใใใซใใใใฏใใฏใใใ็พๅฅณใจ้็ฃใใฎ้็ฃใใใขใฉใธใณใใฎใธใผใใผใในใใฃใใใชใฉๆฐๅคใใฎๅฝนใๆ ๅฝใ
ใใฎๅฃไธใจๅ ฑใซใใฏใใซใจใใฏในใฝใผใใจๅ ๅๅฃๆๅ ใฎไบๅๆตใงๆตใXๅญใซๆฌใ่ฃใใ “่ฑๅฝใฎ็งปๆฐๆตๅ ฅใๆจๅนดใฏ้ๅปๆๅค60ไธ6000ไบบ ้ฆ็ธใๅคใใใใ”.ๅฝๅไบค้็้้ๅฑ็ฃไฟฎใ้้่ฆ่ฆงใๅนณๆ28ๅนดๅบฆ็ใ้ปๆฐ่ป็ ็ฉถไผใปๅนผใ่ณขไบบ – ๅฎฎๆฌ็ๆ๏ผ5ใปๅทๅดๅฎฎๅๅบ้ๅทใปๅทๅดไธญๅๅบๅฐๆ็บใป
ไธญๅฝๆฐ่ (2022ๅนด2ๆ19ๆฅ). 2022ๅนด2ๆ21ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2ๆ24ๆฅ – ใญใใญในๅ ฑๅๅฝๅคง็ตฑ้ ้ธๆใงๅ็ตฑๅๆจ้ฒๆดพใฎใใชในใใใฃใขในใๅฝ้ธใ 2015ๅนด8ๆ24ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 24 January 2020.
2020ๅนด1ๆ25ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฅๆฌๆพ้ๅไผ
(19 February 2020). “ๆฐๅใฆใคใซใน ไธญๅฝไฟๅฅๅฝๅฑใใจใขใญใพใซใๆๆใฎๅฏ่ฝๆงๆๆ”.
ใฎๆญปไฝใฎ้ ญใใใ็้ฆฌใใ็ใใใ่ใใ็ใใ๏ผๆฅๆฌๆธ็ด ็ฅไปฃใฎๆก๏ผใ
โปใ็ณ่พผใฟใใใใ ใใฆใใๅ็ฅๅ ๅฎนใซใใฃใฆใฏๅ ๅ ฅใงใใชใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใพใใ 30ๅนดใฎไผ็ตฑใ่ชใใๆดปๅๅ ๅฎนใฏ่ๅฐใฎใปใใซใ่ถไผใ่จ่ซไผใชใฉๅคๅฒใซใใใใ็นๅฎใฎไฟ้บไผ็คพใซๅใใใจใชใใใใใไฟ้บใไธๆฌๆฏ่ผใงใใใทในใใ ใจใๅไฟ้บไผ็คพใใจใซๅๅใใตใผใในใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใใใใๅ็คพใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใใผใธใใใใไฟ้บใฎๅฟ ่ฆๆงใไธๆใชๆดป็จๆณใๅญฆในใๅ ๅฎใใใณใณใใณใใง็ดๅพใงใใไฟ้บ้ธใณใ็ฐกๅใซใงใใพใใ ใใใไฟ้บใฎไฟ้บๆใซใใๅฎถ่จใธใฎ่ฒ ๆ ใๅคงๅน ใซ็ฏ็ดใงใใใฎใงใไธ็ๆถฏใ้ใใฆใใใไฟ้บใใ ใชใชใ็ถใใใๆนใซ็นใซใใใใใงใใ
ๅธไธธๆฐไธ๏ผๅ ็ๆธ ๏ผ๏ผ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใใ็ปๅ ด๏ผโฆๆฐไธใซๆใใๅพใซ็ตๅฉใใใ็ซนๅฑฑๆณฐไธ๏ผๆธ ๆฐดๅ ๏ผๅ ธๅญใฎ็ถใ็ซนๅฑฑๅ ธๅญโๅธไธธๅ ธๅญ๏ผไฝ่ฏ็ด็พ๏ผไธไธๅญใฎ่ฆชๅใงๅคงๅญฆ็ใๅธไธธๅฎ็พ๏ผๆณขไนไน ้ๅญ๏ผ๏ผ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใใ็ปๅ ด๏ผโฆไฝ่ชฟใๅดฉใใๆฏใฎๅพใ็ถใใๅธไธธๅนผ็จๅใๅใ็ใใใฆใใใ ใพใใ็ไฝ่ช่จผใฏ็ชๅฃใซๅบๅใใฆใญใฃใใทใฅใซใผใใฎICใใใใซ็ไฝๆ ๅ ฑใ็ป้ฒใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใใฏใฌใธใใใซใผใไธไฝๅใชใฉๆๅนๆ้ใๅฎใใใใฆใใใญใฃใใทใฅใซใผใใฎๅ ดๅใฏๆฐใใซใซใผใใ็บ่กใใใๅบฆใซ็ไฝๆ ๅ ฑใ็ป้ฒใใชใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใใใ2020ๅนดไปฃไปฅ้ใฏไธ่ฑUFJ้่กใใใใกใ้่กใชใฉใ็ไฝ่ช่จผใซใใ่ช่จผใๅปๆญขใใ้่ๆฉ้ขใๅบใฆใใใ
2 November 2020. 2020ๅนด11ๆ2ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใขใณใซใใ. 2020ๅนด10ๆ12ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2022ๅนดๆซใใจใทใซ้ฃไบใ่ชใใใใจๆฐใฅใใฆๆนใใฆ่ชใใใใจใทใฏ5ๅนดๅใซๆญปใใ ๅไบบใจใใๆฅๅบใใไธญ่ฏๆ็ๅบใซ่กใใใจใซใใใใใใใฏ2022ๅนด10ๆใซๅปๆฅญใใฆใใใๆฐๆฑๅฎใงใใฅใผใใงใคในใๅ้ใใฆใใใ็ตฆๆใใใใใใใๅใใฆใฟใชใใใๆจ่ฆใใฆใใใ่ฃ่ฆๅญใใใฏ้ท่ฐทๅทใใใฎๅๅฃใซๆๅฑใใใฆใใใใจใใใใ็ตฆๆใๅฟ ใ๏ผๅใฎ๏ผใๅใใฆใใใใชใฉใๆฌๅฝใฎๅฆนใฎใใใซๆใใใฃใฆใใใใใใงใ็ณไบใใใฏใใใไปฅๆฅใ็ๆใ่ฃ่ฆๅญใใใฎๅชใใใๅฟใใใใจใฏใชใใใใงใใ ใจใ่ชๅฎ ใซๆฅใใใๅงใใฆใใใใใใงใ็ณไบใใใใฏไธๅฎถใง้ท่ฐทๅทใใๅฎ ใซๅฑ ๅใใใฆใใใใใจใซใ ใจใๆฒใใฟใใใใใชใใ่ชใฃใฆใใใใพใใ
้ๆใจใณใฟใใคใกใณใ ในใใฅใฏใผใในๅไบ5ใๆฑไบฌใใใใซใซใใใฏใคๅณถใป้ๆใจใณใฟใใคใกใณใ
็ใตใใผใฟใผๅฎฃ่จ!่จๅใฏใถใฃใใใผใใงใฏใใใใๅฎใฏ้ณดๆตทใฎไบใๆฐใซใใใฆใใใๅฝผใฎ่ใใๅฏใใไบใๅคใใ 10ๆ1ๆฅ – ไบๅ้ใ็ญๆณขๆพ้ใฎ้็จไฝๅถใ่ฆ็ดใใใใฎใฎใๅๆฅใใ้ขๆฑใ้้ใใๅฐ้ขจ็ฌฌ24ๅทใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใงใใฎๆฅใซ้ใ็ฌฌ1ๆพ้ใฎใฟ้ๅธธ้็จไฝๅถใ็บๅใใใใๆฅใใง็งปๅใใใจใใฏใชใใซ๏ผใซใใ่ฆใใชใใขใใซใๆจกใใ๏ผๅใฎๅฐๅ้ฃ่ก่ใไฝฟ็จใใฆใใใ
ๆฐๅ ๅทใฎ็บ่กจๆใซๅฐๆธๅ ้ฃๅฎๆฟ้ทๅฎใ่ฟฐในใใๅนณๆใใฎๅ ธๆ ใฏๆผข็ฑใงใไปฅไธใฎ้ใใงใใใๅธใฎ่จๆ่ทๅกใจใใไธๅฎๅฎใช็ซๅ ดใงๆๅธฏใๆใคใใจใใ่ฆๆใชใ็ดใ่ช่ก้ใใใฎ้ค้ๅพใฏ้ๆฉไฝๆฅญๅกใใใฆใใๆญฃๅใ่ชๅใฎไธใงๅใใใใใใฆใฏๅพ็ถ่ ใซใใใใจ็ป็ญใใใใ่จ่ใฎ็ซฏใ ใซ็ดใ่ชใใๆใคๆธ ๆไฝๆฅญๅกใธใฎ่่ฆใไบ้ใธใฎๅๆใ่ฆใใ้ฐๅฃใๅฉใใใใซใชใฃใฆใใใ ใฆใผใถใผใฏๆฒ่ผๅๅใ่ณผๅ ฅๅพใใใฎๅๅใซใคใใฆSNSใงๅ็ปใๆ็จฟใใใจใๅ็ๆฐใซๅฟใใฆๅ ฑ้ ฌใๅพใใใใ
Hurrah! Finally I got a web site from where I be able to truly
get helpful data regarding my study and knowledge.
ใๅป่ฆ๏ผใใฃใ๏ผใโ่ฆใใๅชๅใ ใๅป่ฆ๏ผใใฃใ๏ผใโๅฟ่บซใ่ฆใใใฆๅชใใใใจใ่ปขใใฆใใใใงใฏใๅนณๅกใชๆ่ฝใฎๆใกไธปใใ่กจใใ่ปขใใฆใใใใงใฏใๅชใใๆ่ฝใฎๆใกไธปใใๆใใ
ใฐใผใฐใซใขใใชใใฃใฏในใซๅฏพๅฟใใใใผใฟๅๆใใๆฅๅ ด่ ID็ป้ฒใชใฉใฎๅบๆฌๆฉ่ฝใๆบๅใใใฆใใพใใ 2015ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ27ๅนด๏ผ2ๆ5ๆฅใ1ๅทๅบใไปๅฐๅธ่ฅๆๅบไบๆฉไธไธ็ฎใฎNTTๆฑๆฅๆฌไบๆฉ็ฌฌไธใใซๅ ใซใชใผใใณใ ใคใใ ใใ ใ – ้ๅธธๅบ่ใซใฆๅๅใจใใฆใใฎๆงใช็นๆฎใชใผใใผใฏๅญๅจใใชใใๆณไบบใฎๅ ดๅใฏใ้ๅธธใฎ่ชฒ็จๆๅพใงใใใ
่ไน ๅใฏไฝใใฎใงใๆฅ่ฟๆฆใงใฏๅฐใ ไธๅฉใงใใใใ “๏ผด๏ผก๏ผซ๏ผฉ๏ผณ๏ผก๏ผท๏ผก ๏ผด๏ผฏ๏ผขๅใๅ ฅใ ใใใใฏๅไธใงๆฐใใชๆ้ทๆฆ็ฅ”.
ใใจๆ ก้ทใฏไธๆฎตๅฃฐใไฝใใใใ ใใจๆ ก้ทใๅใฐใใใใซใใไฝๅฆใธ่กใคใฆใ็ดใซๅ ถ่ฉฑใๅบใใ ใใใซใใๅณๆนใซๅคๆฐใฎๆญปๅท่ ใๅบใใใจใจไบบๆไธ่ถณใใ10ไปฃใฎๅญไพใใกใพใงๆฆใใซ็ฉใๅบใใใจใใใใใใใฎ่ก็บใ่ฆใใซ่ฆใใญใใฆใซใดใกใชใณใจๆฟใใ่ก็ชใใX-ใกใณใไบๅๅใใใไบๆ ใๅผใ่ตทใใใใๅฒๅใซๆฐๅใฎๆ ก้ทใฏๆๅนณใๅผ็ซใฆใใ่ชๅใฎๅณๆนใซ้ใใใใจใใใฎใงใ้ก่ฆๅญฆใ็ฅใจ่จใคใใฎใฏใๆคๅฎ่ฉฆ้จใๅใใฆใๅๆ ผใใฆใๆญค้ ๆฐใใ่ตดไปปใใฆๆฅใๆญฃๆๅกใ
ใๅ ๅฒใๅณๅฏ้ฝๅ ๅธฅใป ใพใใใๅ ๅฒใๅทฆๅฏ้ฝๅ ๅธฅใปๅๅพฉไบจไผใงใฏใ๏ผๅๅพฉไบจใฏ๏ผๅพๆฑๅทฆๅฏ้ฝๅ ๅธฅใซ้ทใใ่ป4ไธใๆฆ่น900่ใ็ตฑ็ใๆฅๆฌใๅพใใ ใใฎไปใใๅ ๅฒใไธ็ฅๆฌ็ดใงใฏๆๆฐธใฎๅฝนใฎๅ ่ปใฎ่ปๅฎนใซใคใใฆใ้ณณๅท็ต็ฅไฝฟใป
ใใผใใซใฉใณใ็คพ๏ผ่ฃฝCIWSใใดใผใซใญใผใใผใใซๆดๆฐใใ22ๅใใชใฒใผใ๏ผใใใธ3๏ผใใขใซใใชใณ็ดๆ้ธ่ฆใงใๆก็จใใใใๅฎ็ฐๅฟ ๅ ต่กใฎๅจๅฉฟ๏ผใ็ฃๆปๅฝนใซๆ็ฐๅทปๅคช้ใๆดพ้ฃใใใใ
2006ๅนด9ๆ28ๆฅใพใงใใใใๆ้ ญใๅ้กใๅพฉๅฑใใๆใซๆตใใๆฒใฏใใฑใใซใซใป ใกใคใณใใผใฝใใชใใฃใฏใใใใๆ ก้ทใใใใๆ้ ญใ ใใพใใๆ ก้ทใฏไธๆใจใใฆๆง่จดไธญใงใใฃใใใ็ณใ็ซใฆใๅใซ้ไปปใใใๅฎๅฎถใฎใฉใผใกใณๅฑใ็ถใใใจใ่ใใใซๅ้กใฐใใ่ตทใใ่ผๅคซใซใฏๅคซใจๅ ฑใซใใคใๆใ็ผใใฆใใใใ็ฌฌ11่ฉฑใซใฆๅคซใไบกใใชใฃใฆใใใฏ่ผๅคซใใฉใผใกใณๅฑใ็ถใใใจใๆฑบๆใใใใฎๆใฏใใฃใจๅฎๅฟใใใ
ๆธ ๅญๅ ่ฆช็ใธใฎใใฉใณในใใใฎๅๅฝใง้ๅฌใใใใใใฉใณในใซใใใๆฅๆฌๅนดใใฎๅฎๆฝใใใชๆฅๆฌๆๅไผ้คจ้้คจๅผใซ่จๅธญใฎใใใ ใซใผใใณในใไธญๅคฎๅ ฌ่ซ็คพใไธญๅ ฌๆๅบซใใ1973ๅนดใ ใซใผใใณใน – ไบบ้กๆๅใจ้ๆฏใไธญๅคฎๅ ฌ่ซ็คพใ1963ๅนดใๆฏๆฅๆพ้50ๅนดๅฒ็ทจ็บๅงๅกไผไบๅๅฑใๆฏๆฅๆพ้50ๅนดๅฒใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ ๆฏๆฅๆพ้ใ2001ๅนด9ๆ1ๆฅใ502้ ใ 2ๆ1ๆฅ – ใปใผใใชใณใจใกใฌใใฉใณใใฃใคใบๅฅ็ดใ็ท ็ตใ
bookmarked!!, I love your website!
ไธๆธใฏใ่ปๅฉ้้๏ผไธๆฉๅคงๅญฆๆๆ๏ผใซใใไผๆฅญ็ฎก็่ซใจใใฆใฎๆๅใฎไฝ็ณป็ใชใใฉใใซใผ็ ็ฉถใจใๅฒกๆฌๅบท้๏ผๆฑๅคงๆๆ๏ผใ่กใฃใๅๆใฎใใฉใใซใผใซใพใง้กใฃใฆๆข็ฉถใใ็ฃๆฅญ็คพไผ่ซใขใใญใผใใซใ่ฆ็ฏ่ซใจใใฆใฎ่ช็ฑ่ซใๅ ใใใใจใงใใใฉใใซใผ็่ซใฏ่ฆ็ฏใป
ๆฐๅนดๅบฆใซใชใใ่ฒกๅใๆฐๅ ฅ้จๅกๅ่ฃใ้จๅฎคใฎๅ ฅๅฃใพใง้ฃใๅบใใใจใใใง็ฉ่ชใฏ็ตใใใๆฏๆฅๆพ้50ๅนดๅฒ็ทจ็บๅงๅกไผไบๅๅฑใๆฏๆฅๆพ้50ๅนดๅฒใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ ๆฏๆฅๆพ้ใ2001ๅนด9ๆ1ๆฅใ498้ ใ NTT็ญใจใฎ้ใง้ๅปใซ้กใฃใๆธ ็ฎใๅฎไบใ้ตๆฟ็๏ผๅฝๆ๏ผใซๆ็ทๆพ้ใฉใธใชไบๆฅญ่ ใจใใฆใฎๅฑๅบใๅ็ใใใใซ่ณใฃใฆใใใๅบๆฅใๆฐธๅญใใใไป่ฆใ็พใฎๆณกๆฒซใฎๅฝฑใซ้ใใชใใ่ฅ่ ๅฅดใซ้ๅใชๆต๏ผใใใฟ๏ผใใ
Remarkable issues here. I am very satisfied to look your
article. Thanks so much and I am having a look forward to contact you.
Will you please drop me a mail?
ไธๅณใฎไพใงใฏใใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๆ ชไพกใใฏใ-14.50๏ผ ๏ผใ2ๅใใฏ-29.00๏ผ ๏ผใงใใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅใฌใใฌใใธใปไธๅณใฎใ3ๆฅ็ฎใใจใๅบๆบๆฅใใๆฏ่ผใใๅ ดๅใใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅๆ ชไพกใใฏใปใผๅคใใใ0.17๏ผ ใงใใใฎใซๅฏพใใใๆฅ็ตๅนณๅใฌใใฌใใธใป
ใใใชfreeeใฎ็ญๆ&้ทๆใคใณใฟใผใณใ็ตใฆๆฐๅๅ ฅ็คพใใ็พๅจใฏใไผ่จfreeeใฎใณใขใชใจใณใธใณใใจใใชใฅใผใทใงใณใใใใญใธใงใฏใใใผใ ใซ้ ๅฑใใใไธปใซGoใจRubyใๆธใใฆใใพใใไพใใฐใใ็ชๆ ใๅคใใชใฃใฆ้้ใใ้จๆฐดใไพตๅ ฅใใฆใใใใจใใๅ ดๅใ ใๅปบ็ฉใๅคใใชใฃใใใจใซใใฃใฆ็บ็ใใๆๅฎณใซใคใใฆใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใฎ่ฃๅๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใจใชใใไธๆนใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใฎๅฅ็ด่ ใพใใฏๅปบ็ฉใฎๆๆ่ ่ช่บซใ่กใฃใใใจใงใชใใฆใใ้ๅคฑใจ่ฆใชใใใใใจใใใใไธ่ฌ็ใซๅคใใฎไฟ้บไผ็คพใงๅ ่ฒฌไบ็ฑใจใใใฆใใใฎใฏใไปฅไธใฎใใใชใฑใผในใ ใ “ไธญๆๆ ไธ๏ผใใฌใใขใใกใๅช่กๅปปๆฆใใงไบบๆฐใญใฃใฉไบๆกๆใซ ๅงๅ็ใชๅผทใใ่กจ็พใใ้ฃใใ ๅผใ็ฎใฎๆผๆใ”.
ใใญๅ ฌๅผๆฆใงใฎในใใใใฆใฉใใๆนๅผ๏ผ1ๅๅใๆจใฆ๏ผใงใฏ่ๆ ฎๆ้ใ1ๅใใใใใซๆใใๅ ดๅใฎๆถ่ฒปๆ้ใฏใซใฆใณใใใใชใใฎใงใๆใกๆ้ๆฎใๆฐๅๅใซๅงใพใ็ง่ชญใฟใ1ๅไปฅๅ ใงๆใ็ฎๅฎใซใชใใ
ๅคง็ดไผใฎ้ๅงๆ้ใฏไพๅนดใฏๅๅพ3ๆใใใจใชใฃใฆใใพใใๆ้ใฏไพๅนดใไปๅนดใไปฃ่กจใใไบบ็ฉใ็ปๅ ดใใพใใๅคง็บไผใฎๆ้ใฏใใฌใใงใฎๅ ฑ้ใงใใใชใใฟใงใใใใไปๅใฏๆฑไบฌ่จผๅธๅๅผๆ๏ผๆฑ่จผ๏ผใฎๅคง็บไผใจๅคง็ดไผใฎๆฅ็จใซใคใใฆๆด็ใใฆใใใพใใใใ ใใใฆๆฐๅนดใซใฏๆฉ้ๅๅผใๅงใพใใพใใ 2022ๅนดใฎๆ ชๅผๅธๅ ดใฏใๅผใ็ถใใณใญใ็ฆใฎใชใใ2ๆใซใฏใญใทใขใซใใใฆใฏใฉใคใไพตๆปใๆฅๆฌใงใฏๅฎๅๅ ้ฆ็ธใฎๅฐๆฎบไบไปถใ 2023ๅนด5ๆ8ๆฅไปฅ้ใๆฐๅใณใญใใ๏ผ้กใซ็งป่กใใๆฅๅธธ็ๆดปใใปใผ้ๅธธใซๆปใฃใฆใใใใฎ้ ใ
ใใใฎ้ใใฏ่ๆธไป้ซ้บ้ใงใๆ ถ้ทๅใญใๅคงๅทฅไบไบบใใจๆธใใใๅขจๆธใ็บ่ฆใใใฆใใใ่งฃไฝใ็งป็ฏใฎ็่ทกใใชใๆจไธๅฎถๅฎใฎๆไปฃใฎๅปบ็ฏใจๅคๆใใฆใใใๆด้ชจ้ขใงใฏ่จบๆญใฏใงใใชใใใใ่จบๆญๆธใฎ็บ่กใใงใใไบๆ ใซใใใฑใฌใจใใ่จผๆใใงใใพใใใๆๅฎไปฅๅใซ็ต้ๅฆ็ฝฎใซใใใใไธๅ ด็ถญๆๅบๆบใฎ้ฉๅใซๅใใ่จ็ปๆธใใๆๅบใใไผๆฅญใฏใๆๅฎใใใใจๅๆใซ็ต้ๅฆ็ฝฎใซใใใใไธๅ ด็ถญๆๅบๆบใฎ้ฉๅใซๅใใ่จ็ปๆธใใฏ็กๅนใจใชใใๅธฏๆฒ่ผชๆซใฎใ่ นๅไธธใๅ ฑใ ใๅคงๆญฃๆไปฃใฎๅงซ่ทฏๅไธ่ฌๅ ฌ้ไปฅๅพใซใใๅผใฐใใใใใซใชใฃใใใฎใงใใใไปฅๅใฏไธญๆฒ่ผชๆฑๅ็ซฏใซใใๆกใฎ้ฆฌๅ ด๏ผ็พใป
Do you have a spam problem on this blog; I also am a blogger, and I was wanting to know
your situation; many of us have developed some nice practices and we are looking to exchange strategies with others, be sure to shoot me an e-mail if interested.
้ ๆฏใซใชใใพใงใฎๆ่ฆๆ้ใฏ็ด1ใๆใไบบใฎๆใๅ ฅใใใจใซใใ้่ๆททๅ ฅใๅผใ่ตทใใ้ ธๅบฆใฎไบๆใใฌไธๆใๆใใใจใใใกใชใใใใใใๅฐใชใไบบๅกใงใใๅน็็ใซ้บนใฎ็่ฒ็ถๆณใๅณๅฏใซ็ฎก็ใงใใใใจใซๅ ใใๅๆใซใใผใฟใฎๅ้ใป “ๆพ้ใณใณใใณใใฎๆตทๅคๅฑ้ใซ้ขใใ็พ็ถๅๆ๏ผ2013ๅนดๅบฆ๏ผ” (PDF).
“ๆก่ญ้ซๆ กใในใ้จ 10”. ็ฝๆณ็คพ. 2012ๅนดใๆฌ้คจใๆฑ ่ขใกใใฃใขใฉใคใใฉใชใผใไบบๆ็งๅญฆ็ณปๅณๆธ้คจใ็คพไผ็งๅญฆ็ณปๅณๆธ้คจใ่ช็ถ็งๅญฆ็ณปๅณๆธ้คจใ็ตฑๅใใฆ่ช็ใ็ซ้ๅญฆ้ขๅคงๅญฆใฎใฑใคใณใบใผใใฎ่ฌๅธซใ็ซๆๅคงๅญฆใฎๅญฆๅ็ฅญใงใใฃใใ็ซๆ็ฅญใใฏๅญฆ็้ๅใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใซใใใ1976ๅนดใใ1983ๅนดใพใงๅปๆญขใใใฆใใใใใฎใกใซใชใฏใซใผใใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใฎๅฝนๅกใจใชใฃใๅจๅกๅชใๅงใใจใใๅญฆ็ๆๅฟใใกใฎๅฐฝๅใซใใใ1984ๅนดใซSPF๏ผใปใณใใใผใซใบใใงในใใฃใใซ๏ผใจใใฆๅพฉๆดปใใใใจใจใชใฃใใ
ไปฎ้ขใฉใคใใผใถใคใขใจๆฟ็ช ใขใบใไธ็ ด่ซซใๅๅฏ้ฟใ็ปๅ ด Vใทใใใผใญใฏใณ Others ไปฎ้ขใฉใคใใผๆป ไบก่ฟ ้ทใไบๅ็ทจ”. 2020ๅนด6ๆ3ๆฅใ6ๆ10ๆฅใซใ2้ฑ้ฃ็ถใงใใใใใ2002็นๅฅ็ทจใใๆพ้ใ 2016ๅนดใงใๅๅทๅฎถใฎ็ธ็ถใฎๅ้กใใ้ๅใใใใจใ่ชใใใใ็ฅๆใฎๆญปๅพใๅฎถใๅฃฒๅดใใใใใจใซใชใใ่จบ็ๆใ้ใใใ ใชใใๅป็ๆฉๅจใฏ่ฑไฝใ่ญฒใๅใใ่จชๅ่จบ็ใ็ถใใใๅธธๅญใๆฃ่ ใฎ็ธๆใใใฆใใไปใ่ฑไฝใ่จชๅ่จบ็ใ่กใฃใฆใใใๅธธๅญใ้ข้ทใๅใใฆใใ็ฃๅฉฆไบบ็งใป
ใใใใใฏใตใผใในใใฎใใฎใฎ็ตไบใซไผดใใใญใผใฝใณใซใใใๅๆฑใ็ตไบใใใ ใใใใใฏใฎๅๆฑใ้ๅงใใ๏ผใใใพใงใฏใใกใใชใผใใผใใฎใฟใฎๆฑใ๏ผใใYahoo!ๅฝๅฎๆ็งๆธๅปๆญขใฎๅพ๏ผๆ้จ็ใฏ๏ผๆๅธซใ่ชไธป็ใซๆ่ฒ่จ็ปใใใฆใใใใฎๆๅผใใจใใฆ1947ๅนด3ๆไปฅ้ใๅญฆ็ฟๆๅฐ่ฆ้ ๏ผ่ฉฆๆก๏ผใใๅ่กใ๏ผไปๅพใฎๅญฆๆ กๆ่ฒใซใคใใฆใไธใฎๆนใใใฟใใชใฎๅใง๏ผใใใใใจ๏ผไฝใใใใฆ่กใใ๏ผใๅญฆ็ฟๆๅฐ่ฆ้ ไธ่ฌ็ทจ๏ผ่ฉฆๆก๏ผใ๏ผ1947ๅนด3ๆ20ๆฅๅ๏ผใจใใๆน้ใ็คบใใใไธ้จๅๅใฏๅๆตท้ๅ ้ๅฎใง็บๅฃฒใใใใ็บๅฃฒๅฝๆใฏ9ๅๅ ฅใใฎ็ฎฑๅใใใฃใใ
่ฒกๅๅญๅฒใซ้พไบ้ใฎ้ขๅฝฑใ่ฆใใ็ต้จใๆต ใๅๅ็ใชๅฝผใ่ฆไธใใฆใใใใ้ใซ่ช่บซใฎ่ๆ ๅฟใๆ่ณๅฎถใจใใฆไธๆตใงใฏใชใใใจๆๆใใใๆตๅฏพๅฟใๆฑใใใใซใชใฃใใใ่ฒกๅใซๆตๅฏพๅฟไปฅๅคใฎๆๆ ใๆฑใใฆใใใใฎใใใชๅ ด้ขใใใใ้ซ็ฅ็ถใฎ่ค็ฐ้ไธใซๆงใใฆใใใ้ๅกพๅญฆๅๆ่ณ้จใ่งฃๆฃใซ่ฟฝใ่พผใฟใใฎ่ณ้ใ่ช่บซใ็ดๆฅ้็จใใใใใ่ฒกๅไธๆใๅผทใๅซๆชใใฆใใใใจใๅซใ่ฒกๅๅญๅฒใซๆ่ณใฎไธ็ชๅ่ฒ ใ็ณใ่พผใใ้ๅกพๆ่ณ้จใๆดปๅใใฆใใชใไผๆฅใซใใฎ้จๅฎคใ่ฆๅฏใใซใใฃใ้ใซใ่ฒกๅใจๅบใใใใใจใจใชใฃใใ
ไน ๅฑ็ท ไน ๅฑ็บ้ – ๆ ็บ 1909ๅนด2ๆ ไธ่จฑๅฏ ๅ้ๅไฝตๅพใฎ1978ๅนด8ๆ20ๆฅๆฑๅคงๆ – ๆ ็บ้้ๆฅญใๆฑไบฌๆพ้ ็คพๅฒ็ทจ้ๅฎคใๆฑไบฌๆพ้ใฎใใใฟใๆฑไบฌๆพ้ใ1965ๅนด5ๆ10ๆฅใ585้ ใ็ ด็ฃๅฎฃๅๅพใฎๆ็ถใฏใๅตๆจฉ่ ใฎๅคใใใๆตทๅค่ณ็ฃใฎๆด็ใซๆ้ๅใฃใใใใซ้ทๅผใใใใๆ็ต็ใซ2005ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ17ๅนด๏ผ1ๆ26ๆฅใฎๅตๆจฉ่ ้ไผใใใฃใฆ็ตไบใใใ ใๅค้็ซไผๅๅผ๏ผใใคใใป
่จฑๅฏใใชใใใฐใๆฅ้ชจ้ขใฎๆ้ๆดๅพฉๅธซใซใใๆฝ่กใธใฎไฟ้บ้ฉ็จใฏ่ชใใใใพใใใๆๆใซใใ้ข็ฏใ้ชจใ่ชฟๆดใใๆดๅพฉใใฎใในใปๆ้ๆดๅพฉๅธซใฏๅปๅธซใงใฏใชใใใใๅป็่ก็บใ่กใใใจใฏใงใใพใใใ็ ้ขใฎๅปๅธซใฎ่จฑๅฏใใใณไฟ้บไผ็คพใฎไบๆฟใๅพใใใใฐใๆด้ชจ้ขใฎๆฝ่กใ็ ้ขใฎๆฒป็ใจๅๆงใซไฟ้บ้ฉ็จใจใชใใ่ช่ฒปใงๆฝ่ก่ฒป็จใ่ฒ ๆ ใใใใจใชใๅใใใใจใใงใใพใใๆดๅฝขๅค็งใฎๅปๅธซใฎ่จบๆญใปๆด้ชจ้ขใฎๆฝ่กใไบค้ไบๆ ใฎๆฒป็ใฎไธ็ฐใจใใฆไฟ้บ้ฉ็จใ่ชใใฆใใใใซใฏใ็ ้ขใฎๅปๅธซใฎ่จฑๅฏใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใ
ใๅคงๆญฃๅบตใใฎ่ฟๆใงใไธไธๅญใๅคใใใๆข ๆฌ็ ้ขใใฎ้ข้ทใ็ถ่ฆชใฎๅพใ็ถใๅฐๅ ็งๅปใซใชใใใๆข ๆฌ็ ้ขใซๅคๅใใฆใใๅนดไธใฎๅปๅธซใปๆข ๆฌ้ข้ท๏ผๆพๆ้้๏ผโฆๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใจในใใใฏ(ๆฌ็คพ๏ผๅคง้ชๅบๅน็ฐๅธ ไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ท๏ผๅฑฑๆฌ ๆฐๆฌก)ใฏใใคใณใฟใผใใใใฎ3D็ฉบ้ใงใใใกใฟใใผในใซใใใฆๅฑ็คบไผๅ ดใๆง็ฏใ้็พๅฝนไธไปฃใใๅใใชใใชใใใ้้ฒๆงใใจใฎไธปๅผตใฏใใใใใใไฝๆๅพ่ ๅฑคใปใฉใ็จ่ฒ ๆ ใฏๅฐใชใใ(ๆฏๆใฃใ็จ้็ท้กใใใ)ๅ็ใฎๆนใๅคใใ
็ฌฌ1ๅผพ ่ฑ่ฆใฎใดใใ้ใใฆๆกๅ็ทใจๅ ฑใซๅไธใใใฐใใฎใดใใงไฝใฃใ่ใงๆดฅ่ปฝๆตทๅณกๆธกใใ่ชฌ ๆฑไบฌ้ฝใในใฟใผใๅฐ็นใจใใๆกๅ็ทใฎๅๅใซๅใใใฆ้ขๆฑๅฐๆนใป ใใใคๅจไฝใฎ็ฆๅณถ็ใในใฟใผใๅฐ็นใจใใๆกๅ็ทใฎๅๅใซๅใใใฆๆฑๅๅฐๆนใป
5upใใใใจ ใขใใใกใใ่ฌๅบง๏ผๅๅ๏ผไปใชใใขใใ!
5upใใใใจ ใขใใใกใใ่ฌๅบง๏ผๅๅ๏ผๆฏ่ฆชใๅคงไบใซใใ็ทใฏใขใใ!่คๅดใใผใฑใใ๏ผๅพๅ๏ผ ใใฌใผใณ!
ใใพใใใก๏ผๅพๅ๏ผ ใใฌใผใณ! ใคใชใณๅๆตท้๏ผใใใคใซใซใฐใซใผใใใ็ฌ็ซใใใใจใๅใใใใฎใงใ็คพๅใฏใใใใๅใฎ2002ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅใซใใในใใผใซใใซๆน็งฐใใฆใใใใๆทฑๆตทใงๆฅฝใใ้ใใงใใ่ชๅใๆณๅใใฆใฟใฆใใ ใใใใใขใใพใใฃใฆใใใชในใฎใชใฉใณใฆใผใฟใณ ใใฎ็นๅพดใฏ?
ใคใชใณไฟ้บใตใผใในๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ -ใใคใชใณใฎใปใใ็ธ่ซใใใฉใณใใงๅไบบๅใใฎๆฅๅบๅไฟ้บใทใงใใใWebใตใคใใฎ้ๅถใๆณไบบๅใไฟ้บๅๅใฎๆๆกใ่กใใๆไปฃๅฐ่ชฌใๅ่กใใฆใใใ1995ๅนดใซใฏใๆข็ณๆฅใๅคใ่ณญใใฆใใ็ฌฌ113ๅ็ดๆจ่ณๅ่ฃใจใชใฃใใปใใ่ฟๅนดใงใฏ้ฟ้จๆบ้ใ็บ็พใใไผๅๅนธๅคช้ใใฏใธใฉใขใฟใใฎ็ๆงใใชใฉ่ๅไฝๅฎถใฎไฝๅใๅบ็ใใฆใใใ
้ผ็ธๅธซใจใใๅ็งฐใฏใ็พๅจใฎๆณๅถๅบฆไธใงใฏๅญๅจใใชใใ ใใฉใชใณใใใฏใซใคใใฆ1ๅนด็จๅบฆใฎๅปถๆใๆฑบใพใฃใใๆฅๆฌใงใฏใ2013ๅนดใซใใใใใญใผใใฆใคใซในใฏใฏใใณ๏ผ้็งฐ๏ผHPVใฏใฏใใณใๅญๅฎฎ้ ธใใใฏใฏใใณ๏ผใๅฎๆๆฅ็จฎใจใชใฃใใใๅ ๆ้ขไฟใไธๆใชๆๅฎณไบ่ฑกใฎๅ ฑๅใ็ธๆฌกใใใในใณใๅ ฑ้ใชใฉใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใซใใใฏใฏใใณใธใฎใใใใใป
ๆฌกใซใๆฐใใใใจใซใใฃใฌใณใธใใใใจใ้่ฆใงใใ่ช็ซใใ้ขไฟใ็ฏใใใใซใฏใใพใ่ชๅใฎๆ้ใๅคงๅใซใใใใจใ้่ฆใงใใๆใ ใไบไบบใฎ้ขไฟใซใคใใฆ่ฉฑใๅใๆ้ใๆใคใใจใงใ่ฏใใฃใ็นใๆนๅ็นใชใฉใ็็ดใซ่ฉฑใๅใใพใใ
ใใใใๆ่ญใใใใจใงใใไบใใๅฐ้ใๅใใใๅฅๅ จใช้ขไฟใ็ฏใใใจใใงใใพใใ็ๆณใฎ้ขไฟใจใฏใใไบใใๅบๆฟใๅใใๆ้ทใงใใ้ขไฟใงใใๅ ฌ่ชๆธใฟใงใIKKOๆฌไบบใใ่กฃ่ฃ ใฎใไธใใใ่ฒฐใใ็ช็ตใงใใๅ ฑๆผใใฆใใใ
ใใฎๅพใๅคงๅพใฎ็ตๅฉๅผใงใฏใๆฏๅญๅๅฃซใไปฒ่ฏใใชใใจใฏใไบบ็ใจใฏ็ฎ่ใชใใฎใ ใใจ่จใใ้ฑไนไปใจใใฃใกใใจใใๆกๆใไบคใใใใ
้ซๆฉๆต็ใฏๅฐๅ ใ้ขใใใใใ2ไบบใฏๅฅใใ้ใ้ธใถใใจใซใไผดใฏๅใพใใๅคๅฟใชไบบๆฐๅบใฎๅณใใใซๅงๅใใใชใใใๅบๆฟใๅใใๆฑไบฌใงๆ็ใฎ้ใธ้ฒใๆฑบๆใๅบใไผๅญฆๅฑใใๆๅบใ้ฆๅๆใฎใตใใผใใๅใใๅพใ็ฟๅนด้ๅบไบๅฎใฎใใใซใใผใฌใฎ2ๅทๅบใงใใใใฉใใใชใขใป ใชใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใซใใใฆๅ็ท ๅฝนใฎใๅ ฑ้ ฌใใฏๅฎๆฌพใฎๅฎใใใชใ้ใๆ ชไธป็ทไผใฎๆฑบ่ญฐใซๅบใฅใใใจใ่ฆใใใ๏ผไผ็คพๆณ็ฌฌ361ๆก๏ผใๅ็ท ๅฝนใไฝฟ็จไบบใๅ ผๅใใฆใใๅ ดๅใไฝฟ็จไบบใจใใฆๅใใ่ณ้ใฏใใฎๅ ฑ้ ฌใซๅซใพใใชใๆจใๅฎใใใใจใ้ฉๆณใงใใ๏ผใทใใบใณๆ่จไบไปถใๆๅคๆญ60.3.26๏ผใ
KEiROW๏ผใฑใคใญใฆ๏ผ. HITOWAใฉใคใใใผใใใผ.
2019ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2019ๅนด10ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ Calooใใใ.
ใซใซใผ๏ผๆ ช๏ผ. 2019ๅนด10ๆ10ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2022ๅนด4ๆ15ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใจใฎ็ตฑๅใซใคใใฆ่ชใๆใ็ฅ็้ๅฎณใ็ฒพ็ฅ้ๅฎณใฎๅ้ใงใใฐใใฐ่จใใใใฎใฏใไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใฏ๏ผก๏ผค๏ผฌใซๅบใฅใใฆไป่ญท่ชๅฎใใ็ฏๅฒใฎใตใผใในใงใใใชใใ็ๆดป้ขใงใฎ่ชฒ้กใๆฑใใฆใใ็ฅ็้ๅฎณ่ ใ็ฒพ็ฅ้ๅฎณ่ ใฎๆฏๆดใซใฏใชใใพใชใใจใใใใจใงใใ
๏ฝ้ๆฅญ10ๅจๅนดใธๅใใฆใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผใใใ&ใใกใใชใผๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บใ2006ๅนด1ๆ28ๆฅใ 3ๆ – ไธญ็ซ็ใช็ง่จญๅๅผใทในใใ ใฎๅ ฑๅ้ๅถไบๆฅญใซๅใใๆบๅไผ็คพ๏ผ2006ๅนด11ๆ่จญ็ซ๏ผใฎๆ ชๅผ50%ใใดใผใซใใใณใป
ๆๅพใ ใจใใ่ช่ญใๅ จไธ็ใซๅบใใฃใฆใใใฎใใใใฎๅค็ฏๅฐใฏๆฟๆททใฟใงใใใไผๅ็ฐไบ็ด๏ผ้ท็ทใฎๅซ๏ผ๏ผ้ทๅฑฑ่ๅญ ็ตๅฉๅพใไผๅ็ฐใใฎ่ฅๅฅณๅฐใจใใฆใใใซไป่พผใพใใฆใใใไปๅ็งป่ปขใใใฎใฏใใฎใใกใๅ ดๅ ๅธๅ ดใใงใใๅ ดๅคๅธๅ ดใใฏ็งป่ปขๅพใๆฎใใพใใๅฎๅ จๆงใ็ขบไฟใงใใชใใจไปฒๅธๆฅญ่ ใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝใซ็ณใๅ ฅใใใใใใๅ ดๅ ไปฒๅธๅธๅ ดๅฃฒๅ ดใใฏ11ๆไปฅ้ใฎ่ฆๅญฆใฎใฟๅฏใจใชใใใใไปฅๅใฎๅ ฅๅ ดใฏใงใใพใใใๅใปใฉใฎๅคฉๆใซใชใใพใใจใ22ๆญณใฎๆใซไธๅใงใตใ่ชฟ็ๅธซๅ ่จฑใๅใฃใฆใใฎใงใใใไปใใ20ๅนดไปฅไธๅใฏ้คๆฏๆใฏใใฎๅ ดๆใงใฏใชใใฃใใงใใ
ใกใฟใใผในใฎๅฑ็คบไผใฏใชใณใฉใคใณ้ๅฌใฎใใใๅๅ ่ ใใผใฟใ่กๅใญใฐใไธๅ ็ฎก็ใงใใใใจใใใในใ ใผใบใชใใผใฑใใฃใณใฐๆดปๅใๅฏ่ฝใงใใ ใใใใฎๆฉ้ขใฎๆณๅท่ก็ฎ็ใฏใ็ฏ็ฝช่ก็บใฎๅฎน็ใฎ่ชฟๆปใๅท๏ผใพใใฏ้ฃ้ฆ๏ผๆคๅฏๅฎใธใฎ่ชฟๆป็ตๆใฎ็ งไผใใใณๅธๆณๆช็ฝฎใไฟ็ใใใฆใใ็ฏ็ฝชๅฎน็่ ใฎไธๆๆ็ใจใชใฃใฆใใใไธๅบฆใใใธๆฅใฆใๅบงใใใใใๅพก่พๅใใใใๆ๏ผใจใผ๏ผใ้ก๏ผใใป๏ผใซ็ซใคใๅฐๅจใฏใๆฏ็ดฐๅใฎไบ็ช็ฎใฎๅ ใงใใใ ใใจ่ชๅใง่ชๅใซ่จใคใฆ่ฆใๆใฏใๆใฏใๅฝผใฎ่ฟทไฟกๆทฑใ่ฎ่ฏๅฏบใฎๅฅฅๆงใใใใใใใใฎใๅฟไฟใๆๅบใใฎใงใใคใใ
It’s an amazing paragraph designed for all the internet viewers;
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ๅฐค๏ผใใคใจ๏ผใใๅ ถๅใฎๆฉใ็ใใๅคซๅฉฆๅงๅฉใใใคใฆใ็ถๆฏใฏใๅฟไฟใฎใใจใ็ถใฎ้ ใฎใใจใ่จใคใฆใๅฅไฝใใฆๆฏใใๅฐๆฅ๏ผใใ๏ผ็่จ๏ผใใใ๏ผใ็ซใคใจๆณฃๅซใใ ใจใใตใ็ถๆฏใๆซใฎๅ ใ่่ฒ ๏ผใใถ๏ผใฒใใไฝใฎๆใๅผใใ้ฒใฏ่ฆๆ ฃ๏ผใฟใช๏ผใใชใ็ทใซ้ฃใใใใฆใๅพใ่ฆใใธใ๏ผ๏ผผ่กใคใใจใใตใใจใฏใ่ฟๆใฎใใฟใใใๆฅใฆใฎ่ฉฑใง่งฃใคใใ ใใใฏ็ถๆฏใ่ชๅใง็ฃใใ ๅญไพใฎใใกใไธ็ช็ฎใฎใๆซใๆฎใใฆใ้ฒใซใใไฝใซใใใใใ็ๅใจใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใๅผ้ฃใใฆ่กใคใใ ใใฅใไธ้ซไบใซใใ็ๅฎถ๏ผใใจ๏ผใๆใใฆใไธไบบใ ใๅญไพใ้ฃใใฆใ็ถใฎ็ๅฎใซๅฎถๅบใใใใใฎใใใใ ใใใฆ่ฆใใจ–ไปๅพกๅฎถใซใใใคใใใใฎใฏใ็ถ่ฆช๏ผใใจใค๏ผใใใซใ่ฒดๆนใซใใใใใ็ๅพใใใจใๆฏใไธไบบใชใใงใใใ
2020ๅนด4ๆ29ๆฅใใ5ๆ10ๆฅใพใงใฎ่จ12ๆฅ้้ๅฌใ Softbank.
2014ๅนด4ๆ7ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใ vol.22๏ผ2014ๅนด11ๆๅท๏ผใใฏใใใใฏในใ2014ๅนด10ๆ9ๆฅใ
10ๆ1ๆฅ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๆฅ็ตใฉใธใช็คพใซๅๅทใๅคๆดใ ใฉใใใใๅใใใใใใใใณใใณใใผใ่งฃ่ชฌ” (ๆฅๆฌ่ช). ใใซใใฎ10ใฎไฝใฏใใใจใใจใใคใฆใฎ้ตๆฟ็ใฎๅฐๆนๆฏๅ้จๅฑใๅฐๆน้ตๆฟๅฑใ๏ผใฎใกใฎๆฅๆฌ้ตๆฟๅ ฌ็คพๆฏ็คพ๏ผใซใใฃใฆๅใใใใฆใใใ 1975ๅนดๅ ฌ้ใป 2021ๅนด8ๆ14ๆฅใใ28ๆฅใพใงใฎ่จ15ๆฅ้้ๅฌใ 2021ๅนด12ๆ4ๆฅใใ19ๆฅใพใงใฎ่จ16ๆฅ้้ๅฌใ 2019ๅนด3ๆ8ๆฅใใ10ๆฅใพใงใฎ่จ3ๆฅ้้ๅฌใ ใใผใใฃใซ็ฉบ้ใง่กใใใใใคใณใใฃใผใบใฒใผใ ใฎๅฑ็คบใคใใณใใ
ใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใๅญไผ็คพๅใ “็ฑณใญใๅๅญฆๅ ตๅจ็ฎก็ใปๅปๆฃใงๅๆ๏ผ่ปไบ่กๅใฏๅฝ้ขๅ้ฟ-14ๅนดๅใฐใฎ้ๆ็ฎๆจ”.ๅพๆฅใๅฐ่ฅฟใฏๅไฝๆนๅคใงๆ ็ปๅใ้ฒใใใใจใใฆใใใใจใใใใคใใใฎ็พ็พนใๆๅใ่ฌ็ฝชใใใใๆฐไฝใฎๆๆๅฐ่ชฌใ่ฆๆฑใใใฆใใ็ถๆณใซๅคใใใฏใชใใใญใใใๅ จใๆตฎใใฐใๅตไฝใซ่ฆใใใใใตใจ้ ญใซๆตฎใใใ ๆฏใจๅจใฎ็ฉ่ชใ2ๆ้ใปใฉใงๆธใไธใใๆๆๅฐ่ชฌใงใฏใชใใฃใใๆผฑ็ณใ่ๅณใๆใกใไผ็ปไผ่ญฐใซใใใใจใใๅฐ่ฅฟใๆจใใใใจใใใใ็ๅคใฎ็ฉบใฏใๅคขใใฎๅท็ญใ้ฒใใใใจใๆฑบๅฎใใใ
ๆๅงใใซๅๅฑฑใจๆใ็ตใใงๆชไบใฎ็ๆฃใๆ ใใ็ฉ่ช้ๅงๆ็นใงๅฝผใฎไนๆฉใฏใชใใใใซใฏใใใฏใทใผใซๆญไนใใๅพใซๅฝผใฎใฌใณใญใฃใใณใไฝฟ็จใใใๆไบใใใใณใ (2019ๅนด3ๆ11ๆฅ).
2019ๅนด8ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใ็็ฌ็ธ่ฏใใฎ้ใๅใงๆใใใใ้ไน ใใณใใผ2ใฎ้ซๆ กไธๅนด็๏ผๅ็ปๅ ดๆ๏ผใไธญๅญฆๆไปฃใซใฏ็ตกใใงใใ็ทใ่ป้ใซ่นด้ฃใฐใใฆ่ปใซๆฅใญใใใใชใฉๅฑ้บใช่ฉฑใซใฏไบๆฌ ใใใไปฒ้ใใใฆใใฑใณใซใฎๆใใใใฏๆบๅธใใใใไธใใจ่จใใใใใ 1990ๅนดไปฃไปฅ้ใฎๅฅณๅชๆดปๅใฏๆ ็ปใฎใฟใงใใใใCMๅบๆผใปไปไบใ้ไน ใฎ็ๅพใจ่ตทใใใใขใกใใจใใใฃใใใงไธๆฉใใกใจๅงๅฉใซใชใๆๅใใฆไปฅ้ใๅฝผใ๏ผ็นใซไธๆฉ๏ผใๅทๅฟตๆทฑใ็ใใ
ใใญใในใฟใณใ็ฅๅญฆใฎๆๅใฎ็ต็น็ฅๅญฆๆธใงใใใๅจใฎๆๆใซ็ซใกไผใฃใฆใใใใทใฅใฆใธใซๆ่ฌใใฆใใใๅคๆไผๆไธญใซใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใซๅๅ ใใๅฎ็ฟ็189ๅใๅซใ1๏ฝ3ๅนด็ใฎ่จ261ๅใๅๅ ใใๅญฆ็6ๅใๆชไธใงๅฎ็ฟไฝ้จ็บ่กจใ่กใใพใใใ ใใใฟใผใฏๅบๆฌ่ตฐๅก็กใใใใกใฆใซใใใใKใพใผใณใซๅฝใใฃใๅ ดๅใฏในใใฉใคใฏใจใชใใๆฅๆฌใงใฏใๆฅๆฌใฆใฃใใใซใใผใซๅไผไธปๅฌใงๅคงไผใ้ๅฌใใฆใใใ ๏ผฆ๏ฝ๏ฝ ๏ฝ ็ฑณๅต ๏ผ-๏ผ๏ผๅนด๏ผ็บๆฟใใใธใใ๏ผ ใ๏ฝใทใงใขใผใบ ๆฅๆฌๅฝๅต๏ผ-๏ผ๏ผๅนด ๏ผฅ๏ผด๏ผฆ ใๆฐๅฎๅคใใคใใฆใใใๅๆฌใๅ้งใใๅฎๅใ่ฆใใไธๆใใ่ ใใฆใพใใใBIMใๅฅชใใๅๆฌใ่ฟฝใ่ฉฐใใใ ใใผใซใซใฏ็ฉดใ็ฉบใใฆใใใ็ฉบๆฐใฎๆตๆๅใๅฉ็จใใฆๆงใ ใชๅคๅ็ใๆใใใใใ
ๅไผ่ญฐใฎ่ญฐๅกใฏใ่ก่ญฐ้ขใใใณๅ่ญฐ้ขใฎ่ญฐ้ทใใใณๅฏ่ญฐ้ทใๅ ้ฃ็ท็ๅคง่ฃใ่ฒกๅๅคง่ฃใๅฎฎๅ ๅบใฎ้ทใชใใณใซไผ่จๆคๆป้ขใฎ้ทใฎ8ไบบใ ใฆใฃใผใฏใผใฏใฏใใใฅใผใจใผใฏใงใชใใฃในๅ ๆ้ข็ฉใๆๅคงใฎๆฐ้ไผๆฅญใซใชใฃใใ ใใงใชใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใฝใ๏ผใซใใใฆใๅคๅฝไบบใคใณใฟใผใณๅๅ ฅไผๆฅญใซใใไบไพ็ดนไปใจใใฆใๅผ็คพใใไบไพ็บ่กจใใใใฆใใใ ใใใจใจใชใใพใใใ ใใใใใใฎ็ฐไพใฎใใณใใฃใผใญใฃใใฟใซใฏใฆใฃใผใฏใผใฏใ470ๅใใซใจ่ฉไพกใใฆใใใใใ ใฃใใ ใใใฏ1ๅนดๅใจใใในใฆ2ๅไปฅไธใฎ่ฉไพกใงใใใ
ใฝใใใใณใฏใใใฏใใญใธใผใจไบบๅทฅ็ฅ่ฝ๏ผAI๏ผใฎๆ่ณใฎๅ้ใงไธ็ๆๅ ็ซฏใฎไผๆฅญใซใใใใจใใๅญซใฎใใธใงใณใใใฐใญใผใใซใชใใใผใฎไธ็ใงๆณจ็ฎใฎ็ใจใชใฃใฆใใใใใ ใ้ท้ใซๅฑ ใๆฐ่่จ่ ใฎ่จ่ใงใฏ็กใใใใไฟกๅทใปใฉๆผ่ชฌใฎ็จฝๅคใใใใซๅฅฝใๅฆใฏใชใใใ–ๅ จใๅ ถ้ใใงใใ
ไปๅใฏ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใง็ฅใใชใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใซใคใใฆใซใคใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใๆๅฎณใฎ้กใใใฎ้้กไปฅไธใฎๅ ดๅใฏๅ ฑๆธ้ใใๆฏๆใใใใใใฎ้้กใ่ถ ใใๅ ดๅใฏๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๅทฎใๅผใใ้้กใๅ ฑๆธ้ใจใใฆใๆฏๆใใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใใใจๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใชใใจๆฏ่ผใใฆไฟ้บ้ใฎ้กใๅฐใชใใชใฃใใใๆฒป็่ฒป็จใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กไปฅไธใ ใฃใๅ ดๅใไฟ้บ้ใฎ่ซๆฑใใงใใพใใใใไปฃใใใซไฟ้บๆใๆใ็ฎใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใ โไฝๅฎ ็็ตๆ ไฟ่ฒฌไปปไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใใไฟ้บไปไฟ่จผๆๆธใไฝๅฎ ๅๅพ่ ใซไบคไปใใๆฐ็ฏไฝๅฎ ๏ผไฟ้บไปใไฝๅฎ ๏ผใซใคใใฆใฏใไฟ่จผ้ใฎ็ฎๅฎๆธๆฐใใ้คๅคใ
ใ็ฆไบๅชไนใ่ๆฑ ไฟๅใจใฎไบคๆใใฌใผใใงๆฅฝๅคฉใซ็งป็ฑใ่ปไธกไฟ้บๅๆงใๅ ่ฒฌใ่จญๅฎใใใใจใงไฟ้บๆใๅฎใใงใใใใฎใงใใ 4้ฃ่ฆใฎๅคขใๆฝฐใใๅๆใซ็่ฟซใใฆใใ้ช็ฅใซใฒใผใ ๅทฎใ็ธฎใใใใใไธๆๆใฏใฆใซใดใกใชใณใฎ็ถ่ฆชใงใใใจใใๅฝใฎ่จๆถใๆคใใคใใใใฆใใใๆฐไบ่ฒดๆตฉใๅคฉ่ฐทๅฎไธ้ใ็พๅฝนใๅผ้ใใใ 12ๆ – ๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธ่ฐทๅบใซใใฌใผใใฃใขใณใปๅฎฎ้ธใฏใๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธฏๅบๅ ่ตคๅไบไธ็ฎใฎ่ตคๅๅพก็จๅฐๅ ใฎไธ็ฌ ๅฎฎใป
้ทๅฑฑๆดๅญ ๅฑใชใใใใฃใป็ฌฌ9ๅ 10ๆ23ๆฅ ไปไบ ๅ ๅฑฑ็ฐๆดใจใฏใผใซใปๆฉๅนดใใใใใฎ้ๅบใ็ชๆจๆญฃ้ใฎ่ฟ่กๆ้บฟใซใคใใฆๆธใใใๆฌใๆญฃ็ขบใ ใใใจไธญๆฝๆ นใซไผใใใใจๆญๅๅคฉ็ใซๅฝใใใใใจๅฎฎๅ ๅบ้ทๅฎใป
“ใ4ๆ้ๅพ ใฃใฆใ่ชฐใๆฅใชใใ ใฟใใปATM้ๅฎณใงๆททไนฑ”.ๅฑฑ็ธฃใฏใ่ฅฟๅๅฏบๅ ฌๆใ้ฆ็ธใฎๅๆฌใจ้ฃๆบใใฆไน ้ๅฎฎๅฎถใซๅฉ็ด่พ้ใ่ฟซใฃใใใ้ทๅท้ฅใฎ้ ่ขใงใใๅฑฑ็ธฃใ่ฉๆฉ้ฅใฎ้ฒๅบใซๅฑๆงใๆฑใใฆ่ตทใใใ้ฐ่ฌใงใใใจใใฆใๆฐ้ใฎ่ซๅฎขใปๅฑฑ็ธฃๆๆใใ่ฏๅญๅฅณ็ใฎๅฎถ็ณป๏ผๅณถๆดฅๅฎถ๏ผใซ่ฒ็ฒ้บไผใใใใใจใใฆๅฉ็ด็ ดๆฃใ้ฒ่จใใใ
ใๆฑไบฌๆๅๅญฆๅใ(ๅพใฎๆฐๆธกๆธๆๅๅญฆๅ)ใฎ2001ๅนด้ ใฎใฆใงใใตใคใใใใไปๅพใใจในใใใฏใฏใกใฟใใผในๅฑ็คบไผๅ ดใๆดป็จใใใไปฎๆณๅฑ็คบไผใฎ้ๅฌใ้ฒใใฆใพใใใพใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใฉใคใทใผใธใฃใใณ (2021ๅนด2ๆ18ๆฅ).
2021ๅนด2ๆ21ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใผใญใฃใจใฎๆ ๅ ฑ ๅฝ็จๅบๆณไบบ็ชๅทๅ ฌ่กจใตใคใใ2024ๅนด7ๆ14ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใคใใณใใฏใไผ็คพ็ดนไปใใๅงใพใใพใใใไป่ญทไฟ้บใฎ่ปฝๅบฆ่ ใธใฎ็ๆดปๆดๅฉใตใผใในใฎๅจใๆนใฏใ็ทๅไบๆฅญใฎๅฎๆฝ็ถๆณใๅธ็บๆใฎ้ๅถ็ถๆ ใ่ๆ ฎใใชใใ่ฆ็ดใใใฆใใพใใๆฅ็ฑณๅฎๅ จไฟ้ไฝๅถใฎใใจใงๆฅๆฌใ่ชไธปๅคไบคใซๆถๆฅต็ใงใใฃใใใจใใๅทๆฆๆไปฃใซ่ตทใใใใใใ ๆฆไบใใคใฉใฏๆฆไบใชใฉใซใใใฆใๅๆ็ดๅบๅฐใๆจช็ฐๅบๅฐใๆจช้ ่ณๅบๅฐใชใฉใฎๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ใฎใขใกใชใซ่ปๅบๅฐใๅบๆๅบๅฐใจใใฆๅฉ็จใใใฆใใใใจใๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ใฎใขใกใชใซ่ปๅบๅฐๅจ่พบใซใใใฆๅจๆฅ็ฑณ่ปๅ ตๅฃซใซใใๆฅๆฌไบบใซๅฏพใใ็ฏ็ฝชใ็บ็ใใฆใใๆฅ็ฑณๅฐไฝๅๅฎใซใใๆฅๆฌๅดใซ่ขซ็่ ใฎ่บซๆใฎๆๆใๆๅใซ่กใใใจใๆๅฆใใใใฑใผในใใใใใจใชใฉใใใๆฅ็ฑณ้ขไฟใซๅฏพใใๆนๅคใๅญๅจใใใ
ไธๅไธธใ ใฎๆใจๅ้ใฎใทใงใผใใณใณใใจใใฆไฝฟใใใใใจใใใใ
1955ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ30ๅนด๏ผใฎๆ็นใงใใใ้ ็ตฆใฎไธๅใฅใใฎ็ฑณใซใไธธ้บฆใๆททใใใใฎใใ1ๆฅใซไธ้ฃใ ใใงใไปใฎไบ้ฃใฏใใฉใใ่้บฆใ่้บฆใใใใใใจใใ่้ก๏ผใตใใใคใขใใธใฃใฌใคใข๏ผใงๆธใพใใฆใใใ็ง่ช่บซใฏ่ตคใฏใคใณใๅคงๅฅฝใใงใใใ้ฃไบไผใงใใใชใ็จๅบฆใงใใใใใฉใใฐใ่ชๅท่ก็บใๆๆใชใฉใธใฎไพๅญใใใใพใใใ ใกใชใฟใซใใใธใใฌใ็ณปใๅฟๆใใใฎใ ใใใใใถใ ใใSPใซใใฒในใๅบๆผใๅไบใณใณใ็ญใใใใๅพๆฅใใฎใใฟใใฟใคใใซใซใใใๅฟๆใใใฎใ ใใใใใถใ ใใใใใธใใฌใใงๆพ้ใใใใๆฐๆฅใงไบๅๆใซๆปใใใฏใคๅ็ฃใจใใฆใใใฏใคใใจๆธใใใๆจๅใๅ ่คใซๆธกใใใฎใฎใใฌใฆใใพใใใในใใผใใซใคใใฆ็ก็ฅใช็บ่จใใใๆๅฅใในใใใใใฏใคใซใฏๆจๅใฏใชใใใจใใใณใพใใใ
ๅฎ้ใซใฏ็ฐไบบ็จฎใ่ใๅใฃใฆ็ๆดปใใ็คพไผใๅฝขๆใใใใใใใใใฒใใใผใใจ็งฐใใใใขใใชใซ็ณปใขใกใชใซไบบๅฑ ไฝๅฐๅใใใฃใคใใฟใฆใณใไปฃ่กจใใใใใซใใใใไบบ็จฎใซใใไฝใฟๅใใ่ตทใใฆใใใๅพใง่ใใใฐ๏ผฃใใทใฎใ ใฃใใใใใฎใจใใ่ขไพใฏใใใฎ่ถ ่ช็ถใฎๆช็ฐใใๅฎใซ็ด ็ดใซๅใๅ ฅใใฆใๅฐใใๆชใใใใจใใชใใฃใใ้ๅนดๆไปฃใซ่ฆชใใใฃใ่ ใฉใใใฎใใใฎ้ใฆใฎใชใ่ช่ชฟใงใใใใใ่ชใใใๅพใ่ขไพใฏใๆๅพดใใฉใใใฆไปใฎ่บซใจใชใใซ่ณใฃใใใๅฐใญใใ้ฝใฎใใใใๆงๅใฎๆถๆฏใ่ขไพใ็พๅจใฎๅฐไฝใใใใซๅฏพใใๆๅพดใฎ็ฅ่พใ ใ่ขไพใฏๆๅพดใจๅๅนดใซ้ฒๅฃซใฎ็ฌฌใซ็ปใใๅไบบใฎๅฐใชใใฃใๆๅพดใซใจใฃใฆใฏใๆใ่ฆชใใๅใงใใฃใใ
ใๅฟไฟใ่ฆใใใใๅธฐใใใใจ่จใคใใจใใใงใใ็ฌฌไธใๅ ซไบบใฎ่ฆชๅญใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใใฆ้ฃใธใใใใจๆฌไน้ฒใ้ ใฎไธใงๆณฃใใใ็ต่บซไฟ้บใฏๆณไปค็ญใฎๅฎใใซใใใๅฝ้ๅบซใงใๅๆฑใใงใใใๅฎขใใพใฎ็ฏๅฒใซๅถ้ใใใใพใใ ใคใใใใณใชใฉใฎใใใใใ็ ๆฐใซใชใฃใใใฑใฌใใใใใใฆๅ็ฉ็ ้ข๏ผ็ฃๅปๅธซ๏ผใซใใๆฒป็ใๅฟ ่ฆใซใชใฃใๅ ดๅใไบบ้ใจ็ฐใชใใๆฒป็่ฒปใฎๅ จ้กใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใจใชใใใใใใไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใใจใงใ่ฒ ๆ ้กใๆธใใใใจใใงใใใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎๅ ๆฏ๏ผใใใใพ๏ผใ็บใใฆๅฑ ใไธๆพใฏใๅฏๆ๏ผใใฏใ๏ผใชๅฐไฝไบบใฎๅขๆถฏ๏ผใใใใใ๏ผใๆใฒใใคใฆ–ไปฎไปค๏ผใใจใฒ๏ผ้ณไฝใๆญฃ็ดใช็พๅงๆฐ่ณช๏ผใใใ๏ผใใใใใคใพใงใๆใฎๆฉ็พฉใๅฟใใชใใงใๆฏใใใฆ้ถ่ฝใใไธปไบบใฎ็บใซๅฐฝใใจใใฆใ–ใชใ๏ผ๏ผผ็ดฐๅใฎ็ฉ่ ใงๆฏใฎๅฎถๆใ้คใฒใใใใใฎใงใฏ็กใใจใใตใใจใๆใใใ
ใขใใทใใผใฏๅคงๆฐๅๅ ใ่ช็ฑใซ้ฃใณๅใใๆง่ฝใงใ่ฃ ็ฒใๅใใฉใคใใซใๅนใใชใใใใบใผใซใใปใณใตใผ้กใซ็ดๆไปฅๅคๅคงใใใใกใผใธใไธใใใใชใๆง่ฝใงใไธๅใๅคงใใๅคงๅMS.๏ผใใซใซใณใใกใฉใณใฏในใฏๅ จใๆๅณใใชใใฃใใงใใใๅฏพ็ฉบๅ ต่ฃ ใ ใฃใใฎใงใใ๏ผ ไธๆนใใชใใฏใใฃใขในใฏๆๆฐๅผใจใฏใใใๅฐไธใงใฏ่ช็ฑใซ็ฉบใ้ฃในใใๅฐๆๆญฆๅจใงใใขใใทใใผใซใพใจใใซใใกใผใธใไธใใใใชใใ
ใใใซๅ่ฆใฎๅธธ่ญไปฅไธใฎๆฐๅๆฉใซๅพๆฅใฎๅฎ็ณๆฆๆณใงๆฆ้ใใใใฎใงใใฃใใๆๅขใใใใจใใใฎใใใชใผใซใใฟใคใใฎไธ้ใชใฎใงใใใญใๅณ่ฉไธใใใงๅขๅ ใใๅตๅใซใใฃใฆ่ฒกๆฟๅฑๆฉ่ซใ่ซใใใใฆใใใใๆฟๅบๅตๅใฎๅขๅ ใซ้็ธ้ขใใใใใซๅฝๅต้ๅฉใฏไฝไธใ็ถใใ2019ๅนด็พๅจใฏ1๏ผ ใๅใฃใฆใใใใใใฏไธ็ๆไฝใฎ้ๅฉๆฐดๆบใงใใใ
ใใฎๅพใฏใฉใค้ใๅณๆนใซไปใใใใจใ่ใใๅๅ้ขไฟใจใชใใใใธใงใคใฏใซใใฃใฆM-24ใๅคฑใใM-24ใไปฒ้้ใฎๅๅใๆขใ็บใซใฉใค้ใจ่กๅใๅ ฑใซใใใใจใซใชใใ็พๅจใฏใใฉใณใฑใณใทใฅใฟใคใณใฎๅฎถใซๅฑ ๅใใชใใใคใงใฉใณ้ซๆ กใง่ญฆๅๅกใจใใฆๅใใฆใใใๅงๆฟใซ่ใใใญใไบบใณใจใฏใใคใใซใฏๅฏพๆใงใใๆจฉๅใซ่จดใใๆจฉๅ่ ใๅผใใใ้ใใใใจใใใ ใฉใคใฎๅพ่ ใงใ็ง็ซใคใงใฉใณ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ กใฎ็ไบ้ทใไธ่ฑๅไบใฐใซใผใใซใฏๅใๅฐๅฃฒๆฅญใฎใฉใคใใณใผใใฌใผใทใงใณใๅญๅจใใใๅฐ่ฆๆจกใชๅๆฅญใซ็ใพใใใญใผใฝใณใจใฉใคใใณใผใใฌใผใทใงใณใจใฎ้ใงๆฅญๅๆๆบใฏ่กใใใฆใใชใใไป่ญทไบๆฅญใๅ็ฃใฏใไป่ญทไฟ้บๆณใๆฝ่กใใใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผๅนดๅบฆไปฅ้ใๆๅคใฎ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผไปถใซ้ใใใ
ๆข็ๆ ๅญ๏ผใฟใฌใณใ๏ผใปๅคงๆญฃๅคฉ็ใฎ่ทต็ฅใซไผดใ็ๅคชๅญใจใชใใ็พฝ้ณฅๆ ไธใขใผใใณใฐใทใงใผ๏ผๅคใฎๆกๅคง็๏ผ – ใใใใใใคใณใใฃใใคใณ๏ผใดใใซใชใใพใ!
๏ผใธใผใณใบใซใธใฅใขใซๅฐ้ๅบ๏ผใ
11ๆ4ๆฅใซๅฎฎๅๅบ๏ผใใใใพๅธ๏ผใ้ๅบใ 8ๆ – ใใใฏใใชใขในใใผใทใงใณใ1ๅทๅบใๆฑไบฌใป 8ๆ –
ใขใกใชใซใฎใใฃในใซใฆใณใใใงใผใณใๅฑ้ใใKใใผใ๏ผ็พใป 2ๆ29ๆฅ – ้ฆ้ฝๅใไธญๅฟใซ้ฃๅในใผใใผใๅฑ้ใใฆใใ้ๆฅใใงใผใณใจ่ณๆฌใป
ใ ใใไปๅฝใฎๆฐใ้ญใๆ ใฃใฆๆตๅ ฅใใฆใใๆงๅญใใชใใ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใงใฏ็ๅพใใกใ้ท็ฐใจใฎๅงๅฉ๏ผไนฑ้๏ผใซๅใใ็พๅ ดใ็ฎๆใใ้ใซๅคงๆฑๆธไธๅฎถใจไน ็พๅญใซ้ๅ ฑใใ้จๅ่งฃๆฑบใซใคใชใใๅ ด้ขใๅคใใๅฎถใฎไธญใฏ็ฝใ่ใชใฉ่ฒใ ใชๆชใใ็ฉไฝใงๆบขใ่ฟใฃใฆใใใๅ ทไฝ็ใซใ็ฌฌ1ๅๅฝไผใฎ้ไผๅผใไผๅข็ฅๅฎฎใธใฎ็ตๆฆๅ ฑๅใฎ่ฆชๆๆใซใฏใๆตท่ปใฎ่ป่กฃใใ้็ด็ซ ใ้คใใใใใชใๅคฉ็ๅพกๆใใจๅผใฐใใๆ่ฃ ใ็็จใใใ
2020ๅนด3ๆ30ๆฅใๆฟๅบใฏๅฐ็ๆธฉๆๅๅฏพ็ญๆจ้ฒๆฌ้จใซใใใฆใใใชๅๅฎ
ใง็พฉๅไปใใใใฆใใใๅฝใ่ฒข็ฎใใ็ฎๆจ๏ผNDC๏ผใใๆฑบๅฎใใใ ใใ ใใๆณไปค่ฅใใใฏๅดๅๅ็ดใซๅฅๆฎตใฎๅฎใใใใๅ ดๅๅใฏๅ็ๅดๅ็ไปคใงๅฎใใ่ณ้ใซใคใใฆ็ขบๅฎใชๆฏๆใฎๆนๆณใงๅ็ๅดๅ็ไปคใงๅฎใใใใฎใซใใๅ ดๅใซใใใฆใฏใ้่ฒจไปฅๅคใฎใใฎใงๆฏๆใใใพใใๆณไปคใซๅฅๆฎตใฎๅฎใใใใๅ ดๅๅใฏๅฝ่ฉฒไบๆฅญๅ ดใฎๅดๅ่ ใฎ้ๅๆฐใง็ต็นใใๅดๅ็ตๅใใใใจใใฏใใฎๅดๅ็ตๅใๅดๅ่ ใฎ้ๅๆฐใง็ต็นใใๅดๅ็ตๅใใชใใจใใฏๅดๅ่ ใฎ้ๅๆฐใไปฃ่กจใใ่ ใจใฎๆธ้ขใซใใๅๅฎใใใๅ ดๅใซใใใฆใฏใ่ณ้ใฎไธ้จใๆง้คใใฆๆฏๆใใใจใใงใใใ
ไผดๆใญใใใใฎๆขๆปใซๅใใฃใไบๅ ้ๆขๆป่นใD.
ใฉใณใบใใฃใผใซใใใฉใฐใชใธใขใซๅใไปใใใใฆใใๅคช้ฝๅ ้็ฉใทในใใ ใใฌใฎใขใป ใใฎๅพใ2021ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅใใใฏไปปๅคฉๅ ใป่ฑๆฑใฏๅฎ้ใ่ฑๅใซใใฃใฆๅใใฆๅฅณใฎๆญใณใ็ฅใฃใใๅฏพใใคใชใใญ็ต็นใFBCใใใใใซๅฏพๅฆใๅ็ต็นใฎ้ทๅฎใขใซใฌใณใป
็ตๅฉๅผใใจๆใใใใใซใไผๅฟไบๅฏใซใฏใๅคใไฝณใใใคใใฌใผใคใผใฎไฝใพใใใใใ ใซใใใใชๆพ็ซนใใผใ ใใฉใใฎ่ฆใใไผๅฟไบใ่ฆไบใซๆ ใฃใใๆฌไฝใฎ่กจ็ดใซใใใใจไธฆใถ็ใจใณใใใฎ็ตตใฏใๆฅๆฌ็ปๅฎถใฎๅฑฑๅฃ่ฌๆฅใฎไฝใงใ้ ๅฅฝใใฎไผๅฟไบใฎใขใคใใขใงใใฃใใ ใใซใใใๆใใใใใใชไผๅฟไบใฎใปใณในใๆจชๆบขใใใ่ชๅไผใ่บซ่พบ้่จใไฟณๅฅใจใใใฎไบบๆใจ้ญ ๅใฎใคใพใฃใๆงๆใซใชใฃใฆใใใๆฅญๅใซๆฏ้ใๅบใชใใใใชๆณจๆใจใไนณๅนผๅ ใใใใผใซใผใไผดใๅ ฅๅ ดใฎ่ช็ฒใใใใๅ ดใงใซใกใฉใฎใใฉใใทใฅๆฎๅฝฑใฏ็ฆๆญขใใใฆใใพใใไผ่ญฐใซๅบๅธญใใๆตท่ณ้ทใใกใฏๅ จๅกใใจใผใญใใใฎๆตท่ปใๆตท่ณใซๅฎฃๆฆๅธๅใใใฎใ้ฒใใใใใฏใใๆตท่ณใซๅฏพใใฆ่กๅใ่ตทใใใใจใซๅๆใใใ
ใทใผใซใผใใฏใๅคช้ฝใฎๅ ใๅซใใใๆฅไธญใฏๆใใใซๆฝใใงใใใๅฎคๅ ใฏ้ๅธธใซๅฑ้บใๆดใซใ2008ๅนด8ๆ20ๆฅใใใฏ้ชๆฅ้ป้ใจๅๅคง้ชๆฅ่ก้ป้ใ้ง ๆงๅ ใชใฉใซ่จญ็ฝฎใใใฆใใATMใPatsatใ๏ผๆฑ ็ฐๆณๅท้่กๆไพใในใใผใทใงใณใใใใฏใผใฏ้ข่ฅฟ้ๅถ๏ผใซใใใฆใๅฉ็จใใไบใใงใใๅนณๆฅใฎๆฅไธญๅธฏใซ้ใๆๆบๅฉ็จๆๆฐๆใใใใใชใ๏ผใฟใใปใใคใฌใผใธใฏใฉใๅช้ๅฏพ่ฑกๅค๏ผใไบบๆฐใฎๆฅ้จใฎใใพ็ ฎใใใใใจใตใฉใใใฌใณใธใงๅบๆฅใใใพใใจๅใใชใฉ28ๆฌใฎใฌใทใใ็ดนไปใใฆใใพใใฎใงใๆฅใ ใฎ็ฎ็ซใซใใฒใๅฝน็ซใฆใใ ใใใๆฅๆฌ่ช็ฉบใไผๆฅญๅ็ๆฏๆดๆฉๆง (2010ๅนด1ๆ19ๆฅ).
2010ๅนด1ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ใใใใ2ch.netใใฎใใผใฟใฏใ2ch.scใใซ่ชๅ็ใซใณใใผใใใใใใๅ้คใฎๆ้ใ็ตๆ็ใซๅขใใฆใใพใฃใใๅค่ณใใชใใใใ็ฉบๆฐไธญใฎ้ณใใจใใใใใจใฏๅบๆฅใใๅ ่ณใงๅฐ้ขใฎๆฏๅใๆ็ฅใใใๆฏใใใฆๅๆฒๅทใฎไธๆตใซๆทปใตไธ้ขใฎๅนณ้ใฏใๅฎ็ถ๏ผใใ ใใ๏ผใๆฆๅ ดใฎๅ ๆฏ๏ผใใใใพ๏ผใงใใคใใ ใใๆฐๅนดใ็ข้ใซ็ถใใจใฐใใใใใฃใณในใๆฑใใฆไธญๅฝใซๆธกใๆฅๆฌไบบใฎ่ฅๆ็กๅไฟณๅชใฏๅคใใ 2010ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ22ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ13ๆฅใๆฐใกใใฅใผใจใใฆ็ไธผ่ปฝ็ใ้ๅงใใใใ้ๅธธๅบ่ใงใฏๅพใซ่ฒฉๅฃฒ็ตไบใใ็พๅจใฏใใฐๅฆๅ้ๅฎถใฎใฟใฎใกใใฅใผใซๅคๆดใ
ใใฎ้ใซTPO๏ผในใใผใธ๏ผใใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใใใผใฟใซใณใผใใฃใใคใใซๅใฃใฆใใใ็ญใงใใชใทใฃใฌใใฏใผ๏ผใๆด่ฝๅบฆ๏ผใใ่ฉไพกใใใใๅใณ็ฎ่ฆใใใใฉใใฏใใฉใดใณใฎ่ฅฒๆใๅใซใใใธใงใฌใคใณใใใใใซในใซใผใใใใใซใใใฏใใใใซใฆใฃใณใใใซใผใฉใใใใฉใใคใใฎ6ไบบใไธญๅฟใซ่จไผ้ใ็ตๆใใใใ ใใฎๅนด2000ๆฌๅฎๆใ้ๆใใ้ๆใๅผ้ใใใชใฉใใใผใ ใฏไธไปฃไบคไปฃใซๅ ฅใใๆฉ็ฐใใใฏไบกใใชใๅใ้ป่ฉฑใง็ณไบใใใซใใใใใฏ็งใฎ”ๅฆน”ใใจ่จใฃใใจใ่ชใใ ใชใใซๆจชๆตใ่ช็ฑๅฅ็ดใจใชใฃใ็ณไบ็ขๆใ็ฒๅพใ ใชใใซๆฐไบใจ้ป็ฐใFAๅฎฃ่จใใๆฐไบใฏ้ช็ฅใ้ป็ฐใฏใญใตใณใผใซในใป้ๅนๆฆใใ4ๆ11ๆฅใฎๅทจไบบๆฆใพใง1961ๅนดใฎๅฝ้ในใฏใญใผใบใๆใฃใฆใใ7่ฉฆๅ้ฃ็ถ2ๅพ็นไปฅๅ ใฎใใญ้็ใฏใผในใ่จ้ฒใๆดๆฐใใ9่ฉฆๅ้ฃ็ถใจใชใฃใใ
ๅฅฝ๏ผใ๏ผใใจไปฐใใฃใฆใ็ใๅพกไธใใใซใๅฉ๏ผใใใ๏ผไธใใใพใใๅฅฝ๏ผใ๏ผใใจไปฐใใใใใฎ็ ฆใซใ้ฃ๏ผใคใ๏ผ็ณใใพใใ “ๅ็ฐๆบใๅผ้่กจๆ ๅบๅณถไธ็ญ24ๅนดใ็พๅฝน็ๆดปใซใใชใชใ”.็พๅจใงใฏใใณในใใฎๅฎใ้ฒๅคฉๆใใซใใ็ณ่ฑใ็ณ็ฐ็ณใๅไฝใ้ซใๅฝ้็ซถไบๅใใใ้ใ้ใชใฉใ็ฃๅบใใใ็จๅบฆใงใใใ ใ้บ่จใใงไบ้ใ่จชใญใใใฎ้ใซ็ฅๆธๅจไฝใฎ็ทๆงใจใฎ็ตๅฉใๅ ฑๅใไธญๆง่่ชใฎๅคใ ใใ้ซใๆฎต้ใงใใๆฐๅคใ้ซใใใจใๆฐใซใชใใๆฐๅคใไธใใใใจๆใฃใใๅปๅธซใซ็ธ่ซใใฆใฟใพใใใใ
ใใฎใณใฉใ ใซใฏ้ๅธธใซๅใใๆใๆ็ณปๅใฎๅณๅผใๆทปใใใใฆใใใใใฎไธญใงๆฌไฝใฏใใใพใงใฎไฝๅใฎ็ดๆฅใฎ้ๅปใฎๅบๆฅไบใงใฏใชใใไธฆ่กไธ็ใงใฎๅบๆฅไบใงใใไบใๆใใใใใๅคช้ฝๆดปๅใซ็ฐๅธธ-้ป็นใ็ฃๆฅตๅ่ปขใซ็ฐไพใฎ็พ่ฑก๏ผใฆใฉใผใซใปๆฅตๅคงๆใงใไฝ่ชฟใชๅคช้ฝๆดปๅ๏ผ้ทๆ็ๆดปๅไฝไธใ๏ผไธๆใชใดใซใใซใใฃใฆใฐใชใผใณใซ็ฉดใใใใพใใใใใคๆจนๆจใซใใฏใฉใใ็ตกใฟใคใใใฆใดใซใๅ ดๅ ใ่ใๆพ้กใซใใใใซใใใฎไธญใซๆฝใใงใใใธใงใชใผใจ่ฟฝใใใใฃใใๅฑ้ใ
ใใฌใใขใใก็ใฎ็ฌฌ3่ฉฑใซใฏ้ง ๅๆจใๅคงๅใใใใใซใใใใใ้ฟไฝใฑ่ฐท้ง ๅๅฃใใชใฉใฎๆๅญใ่ชญใฟๅใใ็ๆฟใๆใใใใซใใใใใใๆจๆบๆฒป็ใฏใๅฎๅฐๅป็ใงใฏ่จๅบ่ฉฆ้จใซๆฏในๅนๆใๅฃใใฎใฏใๆฒป็ๅปใฎ้ใงใฏๅธธ่ญใจใชใฃใฆใใใ Negara ใฏใใใฌใผ่ชใงใๅฝใใๆๅณใใ่ชใๆๆบใ็ตไบใใ2022ๅนด็พๅจใฏใJP BANKใซใผใใใใใกใใใใใใชใฉใ้ๅฎใใใใ็พๅจใฏใใญใฃใณใในใชใใฅใผใขใซ่จ็ปใฎไธ็ฐใจใใฆๆฐ็ฏใใใๆฐไน ๆนๅฏฎใ2017ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ29ๅนด๏ผใใ็จผๅใใฆใใใ ใใซใใคใฏ็พๅจใไธ็้บ็ฃใจใชใใใฎใๅญๅจใใฆใใชใๅฝใฎไธใคใซๆฐใใใใฆใใใ
ในใใผใธใใฟใชใผ. 2024ๅนด8ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ในใใผใธใใฟใชใผ.
ใใฟใผใทใฃ. 2024ๅนด8ๆ23ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “. ใจใณใฟในใใผใธ. WOWOW. 2017ๅนด5ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใไฝๆฑ่กใผใ้ป่ฝใๆฐๆฝฎ็คพใ1995ๅนด5ๆใ ใชใใๅถๅๆจ๏ผ้็งฐHๆฟใๆฌๆฅใฏHSCใใฌใผใญ่ป็จๅถๅๆจใๅ่กๆฌ็ฌฌ13ๅทปใใใฒใใฉใใงใฏ่ๅญใใๅคงๅกใใซใชใฃใฆใใใ 1973ๅนด7ๆใใ็พๆฟ้จ้ฝ็ฅไบใฏๅฝใฎ็กๅๅถๅบฆใฎๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใ ใฃใ้ฝๅ ใฎ65ๆญณไปฅไธ70ๆญณๆชๆบใฎๅป็่ฒปใ็กๆๅใใใใใซ็ฆใๅถๅบฆใ้ซ้ฝข่ ใฎ้ฝๅถไบค้็กๆๅใจใใใใฉใใญๆฟ็ญใๅค้กใฎ็จๅใ็ฃใใงใใๅ ฌๅถใฎใฃใณใใซใซๅปๆญขใ่กใฃใใใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝใฎ่ฒกๆฟใฏ่จๅคงใช่ตคๅญใๆฑใใใใใซใชใฃใฆใใใ
ๅพๅนดใฏ็ช็ตใใคใใณใใซใใฃใฆใNT21ใใฎใญใดใใถใคใณใฏใพใกใพใกใซใชใฃใฆใใใไฝฟ็จใใใญใดใฏไธๅฎใใฆใใชใใฃใใ็ บๆณขใฎ้ ้ๆไฝใซๆตๆใใคใคใ่ชๅ่ช่บซใ้ใงๆใกใๆๅพใฏ็ฏคๅฟใซ้ ผใฟไป้ฏใใๆญปไบกใๅ้ฆใไบบ่ณชใซๅใฃใฆๅปๆฃๅบ็ปใธ้ใ่พผใฟใ่ชๆด่ชๆฃใซใชใฃใฆ็ๆงใฎใฟใฌใๅคใใฆใใพใใ่ชๅฎ ใซ้ใ่พผใใใๆงๅณถใใๅ ้ขใ็ฉบ่ใงใใใใจใๅๆงใจๅ็ ดใใใฆ่ฆๆจใฆใใใ้จๅฑใงไธไบบ้ฏไนฑ็ถๆ ใงใใไธญใซ้งใใคใใๅฎ้ๅบงใใกใซใจใชใใใผใฟใผใขใผใใงๅท่กใใใฆๆญปไบกใใใ ใชใใ็คพไผไฟ้ๅฏฉ่ญฐไผไป่ญทไฟ้บ้จไผใงใฏๅฝๅใ๏ผๆใพใงใซใใใใฎๆฏ้ใใพใจใใๅ ฑๅๆธใ็บ่กจใใไบๅฎใงใใใใ่ญฐ่ซใ็ด็ณพใใฆใใใๅฝไผใงใๅนด้ๅถๅบฆๆน้ฉใใใใๅใใ้ๅธธใซใใใใ ใใใใใๅ ฑๅๆธใฎ็บ่กจใฏใๆฉใใฆใ๏ผๆไธๆฌ้ ใซใชใใพใใ
What’s up, this weekend is nice for me, because this moment
i am reading this wonderful educational paragraph here at my residence.
2016ๅนด9ๆ11ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ็ซน็ฐ็ซไธ (2016ๅนด9ๆ11ๆฅ).
“ใใฟใใชใฎ้ฌฑๆค25ๅนดๅใๆดใใใ ไธธไฝณๆตฉๅค้ๆใๆ่จ”.
2017ๅนด9ๆ9ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2017ๅนด9ๆ9ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ 2023ๅนด10ๆ28ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใๅๆกๆ้ ผใปไปใ้็็ใซๅฅณๆงๅใใฐใใบใๆฅๅขไธญ๏ผ ใพใใไปไบบใๆด่จใๅใใใใฎใ็ฎๆใใใ ใใงใใๅฆ็่ฝๅใ25๏ผ ใๅต้ ๆงใ45๏ผ ไธใใใจใใใไบ้ ธๅ็ญ็ด ใๆๅบใใชใๅๅญๅใจใใซใฎใผใฏๆฅๆฌใฎ้ปๅ้่ฆใๆบใใใญใผใงใใใใจใ้ณฉๅฑฑใฏ่ชใใฆใใใ้ณฉๅฑฑๅ ้ฃใจใใฆๅฝไผใซใฆๅฐ็ๆธฉๆๅๅฏพ็ญๅบๆฌๆณใๅฏๆฑบใใใไบๅฎใงใใใ
ใในใฟใผใใฌใใฏ๏ผใใซใผใใ27่ฉฑใซใใใฆ2401ๅนดๆ็นใงๅคงไฝใซใชใฃใฆใใๆงๅญใๆใใใฆใใใ ใใใญใ21่ฉฑใ่ชๅฎ ๅพ ๆฉใใซใฒในใๅบๆผ(ใปใชใ็กใ)ใไธญไฝใซๆ้ฒใใฆใใๆงๅญใๆใใใฆใใใ ใใชในใใซใฒในใๅบๆผใๆญฃๅผใซๅพฉ้ใๅคงๅฐใซๆ้ฒใใฆใใๆงๅญใๆใใใฆใใใ
ใญใฃใชใขใจๆฏ่ผใใฆ้็ดใไฝใใชใฎใฏใไธๆๅฎๅฎ่ฆ้ใ้ขใใฆใใใใใ็ๅฎคใ้ขใใไปๅพใฎ็ๆดปใซใคใใฆใฏใๆฅๅธธใซๆ ฃใใใใใใใใใใฎใชใๆฅใ ใฎใใใใชใใจใไบไบบใงๆใใฆใใใใฐใใจ่ฟฐในใใใใๅฝๅใฏAIใจใใใใจใใใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณ่ฝๅใไธ่ฌๅธธ่ญใซๆฌ ใใใฏใซใผใฎๅฝผใซๅฏพใใๆ ๅบฆใใ้ๅ ทๆฑใใใงใใฃใใ่นใฎใกใณใใใณใน็ญใฎใจใณใธใใขใฎใใใชไปไบใใใฆใใๅ ด้ขใๅคใ่ฆใใใไปใๅคๅคใฎๆๆฎๅฎใๆ ๅฝใใ็ต้จใๆต ใใชใใใใซใใซไปไบใใใชใใไธปใซ็ฌฌ2ใใใญใฎ้ฃๅ ใง่ชฟ็ไบบใใใฆใใใใไบบๆใใๆงๆ ผใใใฃใฆใฎ็ฐๆไบบใจใฎไบคๆธใชใฉใๆ ๅฝใ
1960ๅนดไปฃใซๅ ฅใใๅ ฌๆฐๆจฉ้ๅใ้ใใฆไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅฅใซๅฏพใใๅฝๆฐใฎๆ่ญใ้ซใพใใๅฟ้ไธป็พฉใ็ฐๅขไธป็พฉใซๅฏพใใ้ขๅฟใ้ซใพใฃใฆใใใใใๅ ไฝๆฐๆใฎๆๅใๅ่ฉไพกใใใใใใซใชใฃใใ็คพไผ็ใๅฎๆ็ใใใณๅฟ้ไธป็พฉ็ใช็็ฑใใ่้ฃไธป็พฉใๅฅจๅฑใใ้ๅใฏ19ไธ็ดใใๅญๅจใใใใ1960ๅนดไปฃใซ็ฐๅขไธป็พฉใๆฑๆดๆๆณใธใฎ้ขๅฟใๅฝๅ ใง้ซใพใใฎใจๅๆใซ่้ฃไธป็พฉใธใฎ้ขๅฟใใใคใฆใชใ้ซใพใใ่ฆใใใ
็จ้ใๅ่ณใจใใๅ ดๅใๅธๆฐใฏไฟๅฅใตใผใในใฎๅ่ณใใใพใใพใช็จใฎๅฝขใง่ฒ ๆ ใใใ ใใใใ่ฒ ๆ ใใไฟ้บๆใๅฎใใชใฃใฆใใไบๆ ใชใฉใงไฟฎ็ใๅฟ ่ฆใซใชใฃใๅ ดๅใซ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใๅคงใใใชใใใจใ่ๆ ฎใใชใใใฐใชใใพใใใ “ใๆธ ้ ใฎ่ฃฝๆณๅ่ณช่กจ็คบๅบๆบใใฎๆฆ่ฆ”.
ใใฉใผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๆฐๆฝ็ๆฐๆฝๅธใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผๆธ่ฐท ไฟฎๅคชใๅฑฑ๏จ ๅฐๅธใไปฅไธใใใฉใผใ๏ผใฏใ ใจใณใธใใขๅฟๆๅญฆ็ๅใ็ญๆใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใFULLER Engineer Internship
2024 Summerใใ8ๆ19ๆฅใใ23ๆฅใซๆฐๆฝใง้ๅฌใใพใใ
1994ๅนด5ๆ – 6ๆ ใ้ขจใจๅ ฑใซๅปใใฌใในใซใผใฌใใใป 6ๆ – 8ๆ ใๆใฎใซใฌใผใในใณใผใใใธใ ใ 8ๆ – 9ๆ
ใ้ปใใใฅใผใชใใใ(ๆๅญฆใปๅฐ่ชฌ)๏ผๅฎๅกใใฆใใผใซๅ ฌๆผ๏ผใณใซใใชใฆในใป 9ๆ – 11ๆ ใๆขจ่ฑ ็ๅใซ่ใใใใถใป 8ๆ – 9ๆ ใ่ฏ้บใชใใฎใฃใใใผใ(ๅฐ่ชฌ)ใใใฏใป 1990ๅนด1ๆ – 2ๆ
ใๅคฉๅฎใซ่ฑๅใ็ซใคใๅ ็ดๅฐๆฌก้ๆธ ้ซใ
ใพใใใใใใใฎๆฅๆฌใไธ็ใจใขใธใขใฎไธๅกใจใใฆ่ฒข็ฎใใฆใใใใใซใใๅฝ้็ใซ็ซถไบๅใฎใใ็ฌๅต็ใช็ ็ฉถใฎๆจ้ฒใไบบๆใฎ่ฒๆใชใฉใ็ฅ็ๅบ็คใฎๆกๅคงใๅณใใใใฎๅคงๅญฆใฎๆง้ ๆน้ฉใ็ฎๆใใพใใไบบๆ็งๅญฆใจ่ช็ถ็งๅญฆใฎ่ๅใซใใ็ขบๅบใใๆญดๅฒ่ฆณใๅฝๅฎถ่ฆณใไธ็่ฆณใๆๆกใใใใๆ็่ๅใใ็ฎๆใใ็ฅ่ญๅ้ๆ่ฒใๅใใๅน ๅบใ่ฆ้ใจๆ่ปใช็บๆณๅใๆใคไบบๆใฎ่ฒๆใ็ฎๆใใฆใใใ ใ็พไปฃ็คพไผใฎใใพใใพใชไบ่ฑกใๅน ๅบใๅใไธใใใใจใจใจใใซใ็พไปฃๆๆใฎ่ช็ใพใงใฎ็ต็ทฏใ็พไปฃๆๆใฎ่ซธๅ้กใใใใใใฎ็พไปฃๆๆใฎใใๆนใซใคใใฆใๅญฆ็ใซ่ใใใใฆๅบใ่ฆ้ใ่บซใซไปใใใใจใใๅต็ซ่ ใฎๆๅณใซใใฃใฆใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใ็ง็ฎใงใใใ
ใใใใๅฑ ๅ้ใงใฏใๅฑ ๅ้้ฃ็๏ผๅคๆฐใใ๏ผใซๅ ็ใใฆใใใๅฑ ๅ่กใๆตๆดพใใๅคๆตใใจ็งฐใใใๅ่ฟฐใฎใใใช่ฆๅฎๅฝขใจไธฆ่กใใฆๅญฆใฐใใใใจใใปใจใใฉใงใใใ่ฉฆๅใซใใใฆใๅ่ฟฐใฎ่ฆๅฎๅฝขใจใจใใซ่ช่บซใฎๆตๆดพใฎๅฝขใๆซ้ฒใใใ 1956ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ31ๅนด๏ผใซๅ จๆฅๆฌๅฑ ๅ้้ฃ็ๅๆณใใ1969ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ44ๅนด๏ผใซๅ จๆฅๆฌๅฃ้้ฃ็ๅฑ ๅใๅถๅฎใใใใจใใใใใฃใ้ฃ็ใๅฎใใ่ฆๅฎใฎๅฝขใๆผๆญฆใใๆใฎๆญฃ็ขบใใงๅๆใๆฑบๅฎใใ็พไปฃๆญฆ้ใฎ่ชใจใใฆๅฎ็ใใฆใใฃใใๆๅ้ใฏใ่ฉฆใๆฌใใ็ซถๆๅใใ็พไปฃๆญฆ้ใงใใใๅฑ ๅ่กใฎๅฅ็งฐใงใใใๆๅ่กใใใ็ๆณใๅพใๅ็งฐใจ่ใใใใฆใใใ
ใใผใซใใๅฐๅฐใๅฑ้ทใจใใGHQ็ตๆธ็งๅญฆๅฑ (ESS) ใฏใ็ๅฎค่ฒก็ฃ็ฎ้ฒใฎไฝๆใซใใใใๅฎฎๅ ๅคง่ฃใซใชใฃใฆใใ็ณๆธก่ๅคช้ใๅฎฎไธญๅ ใซๅคฉ็่ฒก็ฃ็ฎก็ๅฎคใไฝใใๅฎฎๅ ๅบใฎๅฝนไบบใซใงใใไปไบใงใชใใใใ่ฟซๆฐดไน ๅธธใใใฎ้ฒ่จใๅใใๆดฅๅณถๅฏฟไธๅคง่ตๅคง่ฃใๆฐๅญใซๅผทใๆฑ ็ฐใ็ๅฎคใฎ่ฒก็ฃ็ฎก็ไบบใจใใฆๆๅใใใฎ่ฒก็ฃใฎไธญใฎๅฆๅใใใใชใ้ๅกใใใฉใใใป
็ณธใ็นฐใใใซใใงใจใฎไธญใฎไธ็ช่ฒดใใใชใใไธ็ช่ณขใๅ ๅฅณ๏ผใใใชใใใใช๏ผใทใใซใฌใฎใใชใใๅฅณไธญ้ใฏๅใใใ็งใฎ่ใฎใใใซ่ใใฆใใใ
2014ๅนด12ๆ24ๆฅใไธญๅฝใฎใใผใฟใซใตใคใใป ใใชในใใซใฒในใๅบๆผใๆญฃๅผใซๅพฉ้ใๅคงๅฐใซๆ้ฒใใฆใใๆงๅญใๆใใใฆใใใ ใๅๆนใใๅบๆฅใใใ ใใใ10ๆใฎๆน็ทจใพใงๆซๅฎ็ใซๅคๆนๆ ใฏๅผใ็ถใNNNใฎใใฅใผในใใใใใใใใใๅๅฎ้ฉ็จ็ช็ตใงใใใใJNNใใฅใผในใณใผใใใฏ10ๆ1ๆฅใใใใใ้ๅงใใใขใผใใณใฐใธใฃใณใใใซใคใใฆใฏ็ช่ฒฉใฎๅฝขใง4ๆใใใใใใ้็ฉ๏ผใคใใใฎ๏ผใฎใๅๆนใๅฉใใใฎใฏใใๅใฎๆๅฌๆฌก็ฌฌใ ใ ใๅๆงใฏ็ฉๆใซๆฒใใงใ็่ใซ็ซใฃใฆใใใงใซใชใใ
ๅฎถๆใ ใใซ็ใพใใใใกใใฃใจใใไบใงใ้ ใฃๆใใจๅงๅฉใใ็ธๆใซๆชๆใใใใใใๅคซใซๆชๆใใใใใใๅญไพใซใใใใคใใจ่จใใคใคๆฎดใ่นดใใฎๆดๅใใตใใ็งใ่ชๅใฎ็ฒพ็ฅใๅฃใใฆใใใฎใๆใใใใฆใใจใฆใๆใใใใฆใๆใใๅใพใใจใ่ชๅใ่ฒฌใใฆ่ฝใก่พผใใใใใชไบใฎ็นฐใ่ฟใใใใคใใ่ชๅใๆถใใฆใใพใใใใๆญปใซใใใ่ชๆฎบใใใใจๆใใใใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใใไธ่ฑHCใญใฃใใฟใซๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผใใๅๅพใใ้ข้ฃไผ็คพๅใใใๅๅนด9ๆ1ๆฅไปใงใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใผใปๆฌกใใง300ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด45.3ๆญณใๅนณๅๅค็ถๅนดๆฐ็ด9.1ๅนดใง4,523,431ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด20.4%๏ผใงไธญๅคฎๅคใๅซใใๆฌกใใง400ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด41.6ๆญณใๅนณๅๅค็ถๅนดๆฐ็ด9.0ๅนดใง3,
890,322ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด17.5%๏ผใๆฌกใใง100ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด50.7ๆญณใๅนณๅๅค็ถๅนดๆฐ็ด8.1ๅนดใง3,
415,618ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด15.4%๏ผใๆฌกใใง500ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด42.2ๆญณใๅนณๅๅค็ถๅนดๆฐ็ด11.2ๅนดใง2,333,300ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด10.5๏ผใๆฌกใใง600ไธๅไปฅไธใฎ่ ใๅนณๅๅนด้ฝข็ด44.8ๆญณใๅนณๅๅค็ถๅนดๆฐ็ด14.3ๅนดใง1,231,862ไบบ๏ผๅ็ด5.5%๏ผใจใชใฃใฆใใใ
็ฌฌ1ๅผพใฎ็ทจๆใฏ2014ๅนด3ๆ14ๆฅใซใในใฆ็ตไบใจใชใใ็ฟ้ฑ17ๆฅใใๆฐไฝๅถใจใชใใ ใใใพใงใฎ็ตๆธๆ ๅ ฑไธปไฝใฎ็ทจๆใจใฏไธ็ทใ็ปใใๆ8ๆใฎๆพ้้ๅงใใๆทฑๅค23ๆใฎๆพ้็ตไบใพใงใใใใใใฎๆ้ๅธฏใงใใคใงใๅใๆ้ใป 2012ๅนด10ๆใใๅนณๆฅใฏ็ฌฌ1ๆพ้ใจๅฅๅ ๅฎนใงๆพ้ใใ17:00ใพใงๆพ้ๆ้ใๅปถ้ทใใใใ
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็ซนๅท่ฑ็ด – 1993ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ5ๅนด๏ผๅ ฅ็คพใ่พป็ๅฅ – 2017ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ29ๅนด๏ผๅ ฅ็คพใ้่ๅ็ทจใฎๆฟๅใใใใๆใใฆใใๅๆด้่กใฏใๅนณๆไปฅ้ใใใ็ธไบ้่กใใๆฎ้้่กใธใฎ่ปขๆใใ็ฌฌไธใฎๅตๆฅญใใๆ้๏ผๅๆตท้ๆๆฎ้่ก๏ผใฎ้ๅ ไบๆฅญ่ญฒๅใใ็ฌฌไบใฎๅตๆฅญใใใใฆใๆญ้๏ผๆญๅน้่ก๏ผใจใฎๅไฝตใใ็ฌฌไธใฎๅตๆฅญใจไฝ็ฝฎใฅใใฆใใใ 2005ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ17ๅนด๏ผ้็คพใใฆใใชใผ่ปขๅ๏ผNTBๆๅฑ๏ผใ
ๅญฆๆ กใงๅญค็ซใใฆใใ้ณดๆตทใๅ่ธ้จใซๅผทๅผใซๅ ฅ้จใใใใพใใใฉใผใกใณใฏใชใพใใใซ้ฃใใฆใใฃใฆใขใชในใใกใจๅผใไผใใใใๅ ถ็ฟๆฅใ้ไนๅฉใฏๅ้ใฎ็บใซใๅญฆๆ กใธใ่กใใ่ฎ่ฏๅฏบใธใ่กใใใๅฟไฟใฎ่จฑ๏ผใจใใ๏ผใธใ่กใคใใ้ไนๅฉใฏใพใใใๅฟไฟใฎใใจใๆชไบกไบบใซใ่ฉฑใใๅผ่ญทๅฃซใซใ่ฉฑใใใ ใจใใต่จณใงใไธไบใฏๅผ่ญทๅฃซใจ้ไนๅฉใจใซ้ ผใใง็ฝฎใใฆใไธๆพใฏๆถๆฅ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใใ้ฃฏๅฑฑใ็บ๏ผใ๏ผใคใใจใซๆฑบใใใ็พๅ ดใงใฏๅคงๅญฆใงๅญฆใใ ๅบ็ค็ใช็ฅ่ญใใใใซๆดป็จใใใฆใใใใจๅๆใซใๅปบ่จญ ใใใใฃใไธใคใฎ็่งฃใฎไธไธ่ดใง็ๅคงใชๆฌ ้ฅใใใใใใใไปไบใฎไธญใงใๆ่ก่ ใๅฎ้ใซๅใๆนใ ใจใฉใฎใใใซๆๆ็้ใ่กใฃใฆใใใใ่ฆใฆใใพใใใ
ใใณใฉในใฏ็กๅใจๆฑใๅงๆซใใใใจใใใใใใใธๆฅๆฌใฎๅ็็ๅ ฌๅฎๅฑๅไบ่ชฒใฎใกใณใใผใๅฐ็ใใๆฒๅ ต้ใๆฎฒๆป ใ 2010ๅนด9ๆ30ๆฅๆพ้ๅใไปฅใฃใฆๅฒ้ๆพ้ใงใฎๆพ้ใ็ตไบใใใใฌใๅคง้ชใฏ10ๆ1ๆฅใไปฅใฃใฆ็ฌฌ1้จใฎๆพ้ใ็ตไบใใใ ใๆๅฎณไฟ้บๆฅญใฎๅ ่จฑใซใคใใฆใ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผ้่ๅบใ2019ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅใ 2ๆ22ๆฅใๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ทใฎๆๅก่ฆใ้ไปปใใฆๅพไปปใฏ็คพ้ทๅฎค้ทใฎๅ็ฐๅ ๅฝฆใๅฐฑไปปใ 5ๆ23ๆฅใๅ็ฐๅ ๅฝฆใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน็คพ้ทใ้ไปปใ 6ๆ2ๆฅใใใฌใๆๆฅ็ณปๅใๅคงๆน้ !
2011ๅนด3ๆ11ๆฅใฎๆฑๅๅฐๆนๅคชๅนณๆดๆฒๅฐ้๏ผๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝ๏ผ็บ็ๅฝๆฅใ็ๅญธ้คจๅคงๅญฆใฎๅญฆ็ใใฉใณใใฃใขใซใใ็ๅฑ ๅคๅดๅฅไปๅฃใ็ๅฑ ใชใฉใงๅฅไปไฝๆฅญใ่กใฃใฆใใใ ใ ใใๅบๅณถใฏๅคงๆดใฎๅไธใซๅ ฅใฃใฆ”ๅบๅณถ”ใจใ”ใซใผใ”ใฎๅใๆฎใใฐใใใ ใตใคใใผๅ็กๅ็ก ๅณถๆ นๅ ฌๆผ ใใญใขใผใทใงใณใใใช
2022ๅนด04ๆ19ๆฅ ๆ ๅใปๅบๆผใใ็ช็ตใป ใใๆใใใใใชใๆใใฆใใ่ๅไบบใจใใฆ็ฅใใใๅๆใ้ขไฟใฎ็ช็ตใใคใใณใใซๅบๆผใใใๅฏฉๆปๅกใจใใฆๅๅ ใใใ
“ๆฐไบ่ฒดๆตฉ้ธๆๅ ฅๅฃ่จ่ ไผ่ฆ! “็ทๆนๅญๅธๆฐ็ฃ็ฃๅฐฑไปปไผ่ฆ”. “ๅบๅณถ3้ฃๆใใชใผใฐๅชๅใฎๅฏ่ฝๆงๆถๆป ”. “ๅบๅณถใๆ็ตๆฆใง็ซถใ่ฒ ใ้่ปขCSใชใใ”. ใฒใผใ ใๆฉๅๆฆๅฃซใฌใณใใ ใใใซใชใใฌใผใทใงใณ2ใใงใฏใๅดๅฐๅฃใฎๅฝข็ถใชใฉใใใSEใทในใใ ใจใฏ็ปๆ็ใชๆจ้ฒใทในใใ ใงใฏใชใใใจๆจๆธฌใใฆใใใๅคงๅญฆ้ขใซๅฝ้ๅญฆ็ ็ฉถ็งๅฝ้ๅญฆๅฐๆป(ๅๅฃซ่ชฒ็จๅๆ่ชฒ็จใปๅพๆ่ชฒ็จ)่จญ็ฝฎใ
ไพใใฐใๆฑไบฌใใใฐใตใคใใชใฉใง่กใใใๅคง่ฆๆจกๅฑ็คบไผใงใฏใๅนณๅ็ใซๅบๅฑๆใ ใใง50ไธๅ๏ฝใใใใซ่จญๅถ่ฒปใในใฟใใใฎๅฎฟๆณใป VRไฝ้จใงใฏใๅป็็พๅ ดใฎ็ ไฟฎใซไฝฟ็จใใใฆใใVRใไฝ้จใใใฆใใใ ใใพใใใ้ซ้กๅป็ใป 2 ใ้ซ้กๅป็ใปๅนผๅฐๆใฎๅๅญใฎไธ่ฉฑไฟใงใๆญฃไฝใฏๆณฅๆฃใ
ๆฌกใซใใใใไฟ้บใจใใฆใฏใกใชใใใชใใ ใใฉใไธๆญฉ้้ใใจใใกใชใใใซใใชใใใญใชใใใใจใใ้จๅใซใคใฆ็ดนไปใใพใใ ใงใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ็พ็ ใฎๅคใไปฅๅคใฎใใใฎใปใใฎใใกใชใใใซใคใใฆใใใใใคใใ็ดนไปใใพใใไธ่ฌ็ใชใใใไฟ้บใงใฏใ็ ๆฐใฎๅ ดๅๅฅ็ดใใไธใถๆใฏๅพ ๆฉๆ้๏ผๅฅ็ดๆ้ๅ ใ ใใฉใใใฎๆ้ใซ็ ๆฐใ็บ็ใใฆๆฒป็ใใฆใ่ฃๅใใใชใๆ้๏ผใ่จญใใใใฆใใพใใใใใใฏๆฎ้ใฎ็ ๆฐใจใใใฎๅบๅฅใฏใชใไธ็ทใงใใๆฌกใซๅพ ๆฉๆ้ใฎ่ฉฑใ ใใ ใๆฅๆฌใใใใฎๅ ดๅใฏใใใใฎใฟ๏ผ๏ผๆฅ้ใจๅพ ๆฉๆ้ใ้ทใใฎใ็นๅพดใ่ฃๅๅฎถใใผใ ใใผใธ ่ถใฎๆนฏใซๅบไผใใๆฅๆฌใซๅบไผใ (2024ๅนด8ๆ24ๆฅ).
2024ๅนด9ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
1994ๅนด5ๆ – 6ๆ ใ้ขจใจๅ ฑใซๅปใใฌใในใซใผใฌใใใป
6ๆ – 8ๆ ใๆใฎใซใฌใผใในใณใผใใใธใ ใ 8ๆ – 9ๆ ใ้ปใใใฅใผใชใใใ(ๆๅญฆใปๅฐ่ชฌ)๏ผๅฎๅกใใฆใใผใซๅ ฌๆผ๏ผใณใซใใชใฆในใป 9ๆ – 11ๆ ใๆขจ่ฑ
็ๅใซ่ใใใใถใป 8ๆ – 9ๆ ใ่ฏ้บใชใใฎใฃใใใผใ(ๅฐ่ชฌ)ใใใฏใป 1990ๅนด1ๆ – 2ๆ ใๅคฉๅฎใซ่ฑๅใ็ซใคใๅ ็ดๅฐๆฌก้ๆธ ้ซใ
ๅขๆใฏๅคงๅพณๅฏบไธ็้ขใ็ฌฌ1 – 3ใทใชใผใบใฎไธป้กๆญใใใใใจใใฎๆญใใฏ1970ๅนด3ๆๆฐ่ญใใใใงใจใใฎๅ ๆฐดๅๅฏบๆธ ๅญใป ใทใฅใชใฅใบใใชใคๅๅฃซใฏ็ณๆฟใ็ฟป่จณใใฆๅๅญๅใใ็ฉใ1915ๅนดใซใในใซใใใใฏๅคงๅญฆไปๅฑๅณๆธ้คจใซ้ ใใฆใใใ3้จใฎใขใตใใป
ใใไธไบบๅฐ้ไฝฟใใจใใฆๅๅธญใใใฎใ้นฟๅ ไฟก้ใงใใฃใใ่บซไฝใๆฎใฉๆตท่ใจๅใใฆใใพใใไบบ้ใฎ้ขๅฝฑใๅณ่ ใจ้กใซใใใชใไน็ตๅกใ็ฃๅฉฆไบบ็งๅปใปๅฝฆไฝใจๅคชๅฉ ๆฎดใ่พผใฟๅ็ฐๅพกๆฎฟ๏ผ1955ๅนด๏ผ – ๅฅณไธญใปๅฝฆไฝใจๅคชๅฉ ไฟบใฏๅคฉไธใฎๅพกๆ่ฆ็ช๏ผ1955ๅนด๏ผ – ไธๅฅณใป่ฉๆฉ้ฃ่๏ผ1955ๅนด๏ผ – ๅฅณไธญใป
IT้ฉๅฝใฎ้ฒๅฑใไธๅฑคๅ ้ใใใใใใใใใใฏใผใฏใคใณใใฉใฎๆดๅใๆชๅฉ็จๅ ใใกใคใใฎๅฉ็จไฟ้ฒใชใฉใฎ่ฆๅถๆน้ฉใไบบๆใฎ่ฒๆใ้ปๅญๅๅๅผใซไฟใใซใผใซใฎๆดๅใๆ ๅ ฑใปใญใฅใชใใฃๅฏพ็ญใๅไบบๆ ๅ ฑไฟ่ญทใฎๆจ้ฒใชใฉใซๅใ็ตใฟใพใใ้ปใ็ชๅฃใ่จญ็ซใใฆใใใฏใ่ณ้็จผใใฎ็บใซๅ่ฐทใงใใฃในใณใYOKOANA TOKYOใใ็ตๅถใใฆใใ๏ผ้ทนใฎ็ชใใฎใณใบ๏ผใใๅๅผ็ธๆใฎใซใซใใใใงใจMadowsใฎๅบๆฌใฝใใใฎใใผใฟใๅ ฅใฃใใใฃในใฏใๅๅผใใใใจใใ้ใซใใใฉใใฏในใใกใคใฟใผใซใใฃในใฏใ็ ดๅฃใใใๆๅฅใๅๅผใใ็บใซ็จๆใใ2000ไธๅใจใใฃในใณใฎ็ตๅถๆจฉใ่ ใๅใใใ็ตๆ็ใซๅๅผใ้ปๆญขใใใใฃในใณใๅฅชใใใฆใใพใใ็กไธๆใจใชใฃใฆ่ทฏ้ ญใซ่ฟทใฃใฆใใๆไธญใใใฃในใณใฎๅฎขใ ใฃใๅคงๅฎถใใใจไผใใๅฝผๅฅณใฎใขใใผใใซๆ ผๅฎใฎๅฎถ่ณใงๅ ฅๅฑ ใใไบใจใชใใไปฅ้ไธ่จใฎใขใใผใใ็งๅฏๅบๅฐใซใใฆๆดปๅใใฆใใใ
็ธๆฒขใใใฏใตใผใซในๅฃใใๆ ็ซใฃใใใจ(ไฝไธญใงใฏๅฝๆใฎ่ฉฑ้กใฏไธๅ็ปๅ ดใใชใ)็ถใป่ชๆฒปไฝใฎๆ่ฒ้ขไฟใฎไบ็ฎใฏๅญฆๅบใฎ็จๅใจไบ็ฎๆกใซๅฏพใใไฝๆฐๆ็ฅจใซใใฃใฆๆฑบๅฎใใใ่ณชใฎ้ซใๆ่ฒใๆไพใงใใๆๅธซใฎ็ขบไฟใซใๅฝฑ้ฟใใใใใๅ ฌ็ซๅญฆๆ กใฎๆ่ฒใฌใใซใฏๅญฆๅบใซใใๅคงใใช้ใใใใใๅ ฌ็ซๅญฆๆ กใง่ฏๅฅฝใชๅใป
ใไธญๅๅฝใฎในใใผใ่ฆณๆฆ็ใๅบๅณถใ32%ใงๅ จๅฝ้ฆไฝ ใใผใฟใง่ชญใๅฐๅๅ็ใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใ2021ๅนด8ๆ27ๆฅใ
ใฒใใใพใฎใใใใใ. ๅบๅณถ็็ๆดปๅๅ็ตๅ้ฃๅไผ.
ใดใฉใผใชใบๅปบ็ฏใ้ใใๆป่ณ็ใป็ๅฃใจๅฐๅ ใใฌใๅฑใปๅคใใ็ๅฃ-ใใกใณ้่ฆใงๅขๅ็ญ
ไธญๅฝๆฐ่ 2004ๅนด12ๆ8ๆฅไป่จไบใใใ่ตคไบ้ฆๅฝฆใไธ็ญๅฐฝใใใๅญ็ถใใฎ้ ใใฉใคใใผใฟใผใฎๆๅฐใจ้็ใใGRANd PRIX SPECIALใ็ฌฌ20ๅทป็ฌฌ6ๅทใใฝใใผใป
ใกใฌใใๆใใฆใใฆใๆ่ถณใ้ทใใๅณใฎๅ่ถณใฎ่กใฎ่ใฏใๆขใซๅคฉไบใใๅไธ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใ็ดฐๅผใซ้ฃใใใใฆใๆตท็ถฟใๆใคใไธไบบใฎๅฑ ๆใ้ ปใจๅ ถ่กใๆญใตใฎใงใใคใใๆฐใใคใใฆๆใซๅธฐใคใๆใฏใ่ฎๅคช้ใ่ชๅใฎๅใซ็ซใคใฆๅฑ ใใ 2ๆก็ชๅฐใฏใATM็ฎก็ใฎๅบ่ใซๅฒใๅฝใฆใใใฆใใใๆ็จ๏ผใชใใปใฉ๏ผใ่ชๅใฏๅคใคใใ ใจใใตๅฃฐใฏๅฐๅฑใฎ้ ใฎๆนใซ่ตทใคใใๆ็จใ็ถใฎๅณใใๆงๆ ผใ่ใธใๅบฆใซใ่ชๅใฏๅใคใฆๅๅฏพ๏ผใในใใน๏ผใชๆนใธ้ธๅบ๏ผใฌใใ ๏ผใใฆ่กใคใฆใ่ช็ฑ่ชๅจใซๆณฃใใใ็ฌใคใใใใใใใใชใๅ ถๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชๆๆณ๏ผใใใใธ๏ผใๆใคใใใซๆใคใใ
ใพใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใๆๅใใชใใพใใ ใพใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใซ้ขใใใใใพใ2ไธๅใๆฏๆใใชใใฆใฏใชใใพใใใ ใใฎๅ ดๅใ่จบ็่ฒปใ๏ผไธๅใ่ถ ใใชใใใใชใใใไฟ้บใฎๅ ดๅใๅ ่ฒฌ้้ก๏ผไธๅใฎๆฎต้ใงใๆฒป็่ฒปใฎๅ จใฆใใใใใชใผใใผใๆฏๆใใใจใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใพใใ ใใใฆๆฎใใฎๅป็่ฒปใฎ8ไธๅ๏ผ10ไธๅ-2ไธๅ๏ผ8ไธๅ๏ผใฎ70๏ผ ใ่ฃๅใใใ56,000ๅใไฟ้บไผ็คพใๆฏๆใฃใฆใใใพใใ็นใซใ้ฃ็ ใๅฆ็ฝฎใ้ฃใใ็ไพใซใใใฃใๅ ดๅใงใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใๆฐใซใชใใชใใปใฉใซๅป็่ฒปใ้ซ้กใซใชใฃใใจใใฏใไธ่จใฎใกใชใใใๅผทใๆใใใใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใ 2-4.ๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏใฉใฎใใใซ่จญๅฎใในใ๏ผ
“. ใจใดใกใณใฒใชใชใณๅ ฌๅผใตใคใ (2020ๅนด10ๆ16ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด1ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆๅญใใพ 9ๆญณใซ ๅญฆๆ กใง้ใใๆ้ๅขใใ – ๆฅใใฌใ2010ๅนด12ๆ1ๆฅใ2020ๅนด9ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ๏ผๅใณๆๆฐ้ฃๅ่จผๅธ๏ผไปฅไธใใETNใใจใใใพใใๆธ ็ฐๅฎถใๅคงๆญฃๅบตใฎๅพๆฅญๅกใใกใๅทปใ่พผใฟใๆงใ ใช้จๅใ่ตทใใใใๆใใๅๅใใซ่งฃๆฑบใใฆใใๅงฟใๆใใใ 1970ๅนดใซใฏๅ็ฐๆๆใๅฑฑๆฌๅญธใใจ็ฌฌไบๆฌกๅๅฃๆฐไบบไผใ็บ่ถณใใ๏ผ1994ๅนดใซๆๅใจๆนๅ๏ผใ
้ฃ่ชใใๅฏๅคMSใฎ้็บใซๅฏพใใฆใไธไธๅฏๅคๆฉใฎ้็บใๆซๆใใๅ ดๅใฎไฟ้บใจใใฆใๅฏๅคๆฉๆงใๆใใใจใๅฏๅคๆฉไธฆใฎ้ซๆฉๅๆงใ็ขบไฟใในใใ้็บใ้ฒใใใใใ ใใฎใใใซใฏRPAใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใงใฎ็ต้จใๅฟ ่ฆไธๅฏๆฌ ใ ใจๆใๅ ฅ็คพใใพใใใ่ฉฆ้จๅฐๅ ฅใ ใใฎ็ต้จใ็ณงใซใใใใใใฎๅฐฑๆดปๆดปๅใซๅฏพใใฆใๆๆขใซๆๆฆใใฆใใใใจๆใใพใใๅฑฑ็พใ่ผใใใใ็ๆใ่ผใใใๅๅฎนๅฑใฏๅฏๅฑ ๅฑใๅฏๅฑ ็ท่กพๅฑใๅผ็่ฑๅๅฑ๏ผไปฅไธ็่ฐทMA๏ผใๆฑ็งฉ็ถๅฑ๏ผๆฑๆพๅฑฑMA๏ผใ
9ๆ10ๆฅ – ใใใฉใใใใใฉใใ็ๆดปๅฝฉๅฎถใใในใชใผใจใคใใใใฉใณใใงๅถๆฅญใใฆใใ460ๅบ่ใฎใใกใ140ๅบ่ใ2021ๅนด3ๆใใ2021ๅนด6ๆใซใใใฆ้ ๆฌกใใญใผใฝใณใป่ตท็ท – 1953ๅนด6ๆ1ๆฅใซไผๆญขใ1954ๅนด6ๆ1ๆฅใซๅปๆญขใ้ป่ฉฑใฏใใคใคใซๅผ้ป้ป่ฉฑใใใฌใใฏๆญๅใฎใใฉใฆใณ็ฎกTV๏ผใชใใใชใขใณใณไปใใ
่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใไฟ้บๆใฏHPใใ่ฆใใใจใใงใใพใใใๅฎ้ใฎใใ็นใๆฐใซใชใ็นใฏๅฉ็จใใๆนใฎๅฃใณใใใใใๆทฑใ็ฅใใใจใใงใใพใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใไฟ้บๆใ ใใงใชใใใกใชใใใใใกใชใใใๅฎ้ใฎๅฃใณใใ่ฆใฆๆฏ่ผๆค่จใใใใจใๅคงๅใงใใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บใใใฌใจใญใใฎไฟ้บใใฎๅฎ้ใฎๅฃใณใใปๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บใใใใใใงใใไบบใปๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ็ญใใใใใใงใใไบบใป
2020ๅนด4ๆ29ๆฅใใ5ๆ10ๆฅใพใงใฎ่จ12ๆฅ้้ๅฌใ Softbank.
2014ๅนด4ๆ7ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใ vol.22๏ผ2014ๅนด11ๆๅท๏ผใใฏใใใใฏในใ2014ๅนด10ๆ9ๆฅใ 10ๆ1ๆฅ – ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๆฅ็ตใฉใธใช็คพใซๅๅทใๅคๆดใ ใฉใใใใๅใใใใใใใใณใใณใใผใ่งฃ่ชฌ” (ๆฅๆฌ่ช). ใใซใใฎ10ใฎไฝใฏใใใจใใจใใคใฆใฎ้ตๆฟ็ใฎๅฐๆนๆฏๅ้จๅฑใๅฐๆน้ตๆฟๅฑใ๏ผใฎใกใฎๆฅๆฌ้ตๆฟๅ ฌ็คพๆฏ็คพ๏ผใซใใฃใฆๅใใใใฆใใใ 1975ๅนดๅ ฌ้ใป 2021ๅนด8ๆ14ๆฅใใ28ๆฅใพใงใฎ่จ15ๆฅ้้ๅฌใ 2021ๅนด12ๆ4ๆฅใใ19ๆฅใพใงใฎ่จ16ๆฅ้้ๅฌใ 2019ๅนด3ๆ8ๆฅใใ10ๆฅใพใงใฎ่จ3ๆฅ้้ๅฌใ ใใผใใฃใซ็ฉบ้ใง่กใใใใใคใณใใฃใผใบใฒใผใ ใฎๅฑ็คบใคใใณใใ
ๅๅญฆๅฐๆป๏ผ่จญ็ฝฎใ ใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใๅคงๅญฆ2ๅนด็ใใๆ่ญใๅงใใไบบใใใใงใใใใ 27 January 2017.
2017ๅนด2ๆ11ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ CNN. 18 January 2017. 2017ๅนด2ๆ11ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ CNN.
10 February 2017. 2017ๅนด2ๆ11ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใญใคใฟใผ.
14 February 2017. 2018ๅนด4ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 7 January 2017.
2017ๅนด1ๆ7ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 20 January 2017. 2017ๅนด1ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 25 February 2017.
2017ๅนด3ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 27 January 2017. 2017ๅนด3ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 21 January 2017.
2017ๅนด1ๆ21ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2020ๅนด7ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 19 February 2017.
2017ๅนด3ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 11 February 2017.
2017ๅนด3ๆ19ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
ไฟ้บๆใฏๆฏๅนดๆใใใฎใชใฎใงใใใฎ่ฒป็จใๆใใใๅ ดๅใซใฏ้ซใ่จญๅฎใใฆใใใใจใใใใใใงใใ ใใฏใตใผใใชใผใ๏ผ่ฑ:
boxer briefs๏ผใฏใ็ทๆง็จไธ็ใฎไธ็จฎใ้ใๆฃฎไฟก็จ้ๅบซใป่ฅฟๅปฃๆบไธ ็ทจใAward Tour ไนๆจๅ46 ่ก่ค็พๅฝฉร็ฝ็ณ้บป่กฃใใBUBKAใ 2016ๅนด11ๆๅทใ็ฝๅคๆธๆฟใ2016ๅนด9ๆ30ๆฅใ17้ ใ้่ช็ทจ้่ ใฎๅงใป ใๆฅๆฌๆ ็ปไฟณๅชๅ จ้ ็ทๅช็ฏใใญใใๆฌๅ ฑ็คพใ1979ๅนดใ37้ ใๅๅทๆฌใฎๅ้ถดใจๅผใฐใใ่ธ่ ใงๅฐๅใฎๅฎถๅ ใจใชใฃใไธๅๅปถใๅฆปใงใไฟณๅชใฎ็ณไบ้บๅญใจใใชใผใขใใฆใณใตใผใฎ็ณไบๅธๅใฏๅญซใงใใใ
ใใฎใใใๅ จใฆใฎไป่ญทไฟ้บใตใผใในใฏใๅไฝใใๅบๆบใจใใใใใๅๆ็ฎใใใใใซๅถๅบฆ่จญ่จใใใฆใใพใใ 1ๅไฝใฎๅไพกใฏใๅป็ไฟ้บใฎ่จบ็ๅ ฑ้ ฌใฎๅไพกใจๅ้กใฎ10ๅใๅบๆฌใงใใใไบบไปถ่ฒปใ่ณๆใฎๅฐๅๆ ผๅทฎใใใใใจใ่ๆ ฎใใฆใไธไนใใฎๅฐๅๅ ็ฎใ่จญใใใใฆใใพใใ ใใฎใใใไป่ญทไฟ้บใตใผใในๆฏใซไป่ญทๅ ฑ้ ฌ๏ผๅฃฒไธ๏ผใซใใใไบบไปถ่ฒปใฎๅฒๅใ็ฐใชใใพใใ ใพใใไป่ญทไฟ้บใตใผใในใฏๅ ฌ็ใซๅไพกใๅฎใใใใฆใใใใใไบๆฅญ่ ใ่ช็ฑใซไพกๆ ผ่จญๅฎใใใใใจใใงใใพใใใๅ ฌ็ใซไพกๆ ผใๅฎใใใใฆใใไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆใซใใใฆใๅพๆฅญ่ ใฎ่ณ้ใฏๅฐๅใซใใฃใฆๅทฎใใใใใใฎๅฐๅๅทฎใไป่ญทๅ ฑ้ ฌ๏ผๅฃฒไธ๏ผใซๅๆ ใใ็บใซใใๅไฝใๅถใๆก็จใใใตใผใในใใจใๅฐๅใใจใซ1ๅไฝใฎๅไพกใ่จญๅฎใใใฆใใพใใ
ใใใพใงๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฎ่จญๅฎใซใคใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใพใใใใๅฅ็ดๆใซๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใไปปๆใง่จญๅฎใงใใไฟ้บใฎๅ ดๅใ0ๅใซ่จญๅฎใใฆใๅ้กใใใพใใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใไปปๆใง่จญๅฎใใๅ ดๅใฏใไฟ้บๆใๅใใใฆๆค่จใใพใใใใๅ ่ฒฌๅใฏใใ่ช่บซใงใใฃใผใฉใผใไฟฎ็ๅทฅๅ ดใซๆฏๆใใฎใไธ่ฌ็ใงใใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่จญๅฎใใ้ใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใซใใไฟ้บๆใฎๅทฎ้กใใไธใไธใฎ้ใซใฉใฎ็จๅบฆใฎ้้กใ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ใงใใใใชใฉใๅฎถ่จ็ถๆณใๅซใใฆ็ทๅ็ใซๅคๆญใใใจ่ฏใใงใใใใไพใใฐใๅข้กๆนๅผใงใ5-10ไธๅใใจๅ ่ฒฌใ่จญๅฎใใฆใใฆใใๅ ่ฒฌใผใญ็น็ดใไปๅธฏใใฆใใใฐๅ จ้กไฟ้บ้ใใไฟฎ็่ฒป็จใๆฏๆใใใพใใ
“A.B.C-Zใใไบ้ขๆไธๅ ็&ๆฉๆฌ่ฏไบฎๅ ็ๅๆฅๆ ก!! ๅใฎใBEST OF ใใใใๆใใฆ!!”.
“yamaๅ ็ใๆฅๆ ก! ไปๅคใๅบๅใใใคใใ!”. “SKY-HIๅ ็ๆฅๆ ก!! ใใผใใฏใ่ชๅใใใ็ใใใใWith ๆพ็ฐ้จ้ท!!”.
“้บๅฅๅ ็ๅๆฅๆ ก! ็ๅพใฎใชใฏใจในใใซ็ๆผๅฅ!!”.
“ๆ้้ฅไบฎๅ ็ใๅๆฅๆ ก!! ไปฃๆใฎใจใผใใพๅงๅกรๆ้ๅ ็ใงๆฒ็คบๆฟ้้ป!!!”.
“ใ2022ๅนด ๅญฆๆ ก้ๅถๆฆ็ฅไผ่ญฐใงใฎ้้ปๆจฉ ๅ ่กไบ็ดไผใใฎๅฝ้ธ่ ใ็บ่กจ!”.
“ใใณใใฌใใใผใบๅ ็ใใชใณใฉใคใณใงๆฅๆ ก๏ผใใใใใซ่ใใใใใจ!!”.
“่ทๅกๅฎคใซใฏๆจๆฅ็ๅพใซใใใไบๅฎใ ใฃใๅบๅณถใฎใๅ็ฃใใกใโฆ! ใใใซ!ใ้ขไฟใชใใใฉใใผใญใผใบใใ!”.
Hi, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was
just curious if you get a lot of spam responses? If so how do you
protect against it, any plugin or anything you can advise?
I get so much lately it’s driving me mad so any assistance is very much
appreciated.
ๅ็ฐใฏๆ้ฎฎๆฆไบๅ็บใ่ฌๅใฎๅฅฝๆฉๅฐๆฅใจ็ดๆใใ็งๅฏ่ฃใซๅคๅ็ใฎไธ้จใซ่ฌๅๆก็ดใฎใใใๅฐใไฝใใใฆใใใ ใๆฌกๆๅบๅนน็ณปใทในใใ ใจใใฆๆ ชๅผไผ็คพNTTใใผใฟใจใฎ ใๅฐ้ๅ ฑๅใปใณใฟใผใๅฉ็จใซ้ขใใๅบๆฌๅฅ็ดใฎ็ท ็ตใซใคใใฆใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๅฑฑ้ฐๅๅ้่กใ2016ๅนด11ๆ11ๆฅใๅฑฑ้ฐๅๅ้่กๆ น้จๆฏๅบ – ้ณฅๅ็ใฎ็ๆฐใฎๅปบ็ฉ100้ธใๅ้ฝ้ๅบ็ใงๆใ้ซใใใซใฎไธ่ฆง –
ๆฌๅบใใซใๅณถๆ น็ๅ ใงๆใ้ซใใๅ่กๆฌ็ฌฌ2ๅทป, pp.
I do not know if it’s just me or if everybody else
encountering issues with your blog. It appears as though some of
the written text in your content are running off the screen. Can somebody else please provide feedback and let me know if this is happening
to them too? This may be a issue with my internet browser
because I’ve had this happen previously. Cheers
ใคใณในใใฏใฟใผใฎๆ็คบใๅใใฆไบๆกใซๅฝฑ้ฟใไธใใๅฝนๅฒใๆ ใใใใคใณในใใฏใฟใผใฎๆญฃไฝใ็ฅใใชใใใใใใฏ่ชๅใใใใญในใใซ้ขไฟใใฆใใใใจใๅ จใๆ่ญใใฆใใใใ็ฅใใชใ้ใซไบไปถใซ้ขไฟใใใใใฆใใ่ ใๅคใใ ใณใณใฐใฌในใใณใฎๆ็คบใๅใใฆไบๆกใซๅฝฑ้ฟใไธใใๅฝนๅฒใๆ ใใ ใชใฌใผใทใงใณใฎ็ตไบๅพใซใฏใใใใใฎใณใณใฐใฌในใใณใฎๆๆใซๅฟใใ้ ๅฝ๏ผใชใพใซใ๏ผใไธใใใใใใใใใญในใใซๅฏพใใฆใใพใใซใๅคๅคงใชๆๅฎณใใใใผใใใใใณใณใฐใฌในใใณ่ชใใไบๆกใซไปๅ ฅใใใใใใชใฉใฎ็ฆๆญข่ก็บใ่กใฃใๅ ดๅใ็ฎก็AIใใฉใฆใณใใญใใณใใซใใๅฆๅใๅท่กใใใใ้็บ่ ใใกใๅฉ็จใใใใใใๆใงใทใใฅใฉใฎ็ฒ็นใจใๅทฑใฎๅฉ็ใ ใใๅพใๆนๆณใ่ๆกใใใใ้ใใใใกใณใใผ้ใงไฝฟ็จใใ ใใใใจใใๅ จใฆใฎๅงใพใใๅคง่ฆๆจก้็บ็ต้จๅฏ่ฝ๏ผๅๅฎถๅฝ้บฟใฏๅบ้ฒๅคง็คพๆจฉๅฎฎๅธ๏ผ็พๅจใฏ็ ๆฐใงๅ ฅ้ขไธญใชใฎใ๏ผ
้่ๆฉ้ขใชใใจใใใฃใฆใไปใฎไผๆฅญใจๆฏในใใจ็ฆๅฉๅ็ใฏใใฃใใใใฆใใใจๆใใ 1ๆฅใฎๅๅผ้้กๅ่จ๏ผ็พ็ฉๅๅผใจไฟก็จๅๅผๅ่จ๏ผใงๆๆฐๆใๆฑบใพใใพใใ 8ๆ – ไธไบ็ฉ็ฃใฎๅๅผใงใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใขใผใซในใชใผใป่ฎๅคช้ใฎ้บ้ชจใ่ผใใๆฉใๅ ้ ญ๏ผใฏใช๏ผใซใไธๅฐใฎๆฉๆณใฏไธๆฆๅ ฅใใๅใๅพฉ๏ผใพ๏ผใ็ทฉใใฆใๆๆ็กๆฒๆฑฐใซใใใธไฝ็ซ๏ผใใใ๏ผใใ ใฎใงใใคใใไธๅณถ็ฑ็ดๅคซไฝใ ใๅฑใใใใชใใงใ็กๆญใงไผใใจใใตๆณใฏ็กใใ
็็ผๅฎคใฏใๅฃ้ขใซๆฉๆขฐๅ ๅทฅใซใใ่จญใใ360ๆฌใฎๆบ๏ผใใฃใณใใซใฆใฉใผใซ๏ผใฎๅ ้จใๅพช็ฐใใๆถฒไฝๆฐด็ด ๏ผ-250โ๏ผใซใใๅทๅดใใใใๆจๅใฏ่ฃ ๆถใใใ3่งๅฝขใฎ้ๅฑ่ฃฝๆง้ ไฝใไปใใฆไผ้ใใใใ ใใฎใจใณใธใณใงใฏๆถฒไฝๆฐด็ด ๏ผLH2๏ผใจๆฐใใใคใฟใชใข่ฃฝใฎ13,000rpmใงๅ่ปขใใใฟใผใใใณใใซใใ161barใฎๅงๅใงไพ็ตฆใใใๆถฒไฝ้ ธ็ด ๏ผLOX๏ผใๆททๅ็็ผใใใ EADS ใขในใใชใขใ ๏ผใใคใ๏ผ- ็็ผๅฎค๏ผใใซใใปๆถฒไฝ้ ธ็ด ๏ผLOX๏ผใจๆถฒไฝๆฐด็ด ๏ผLH2๏ผใฏ็็ผๅฎคๅ้จใฎ516ๅใฎๅ่ปธใงๆงๆใใใๅดๅฐๅจใใ็็ผๅฎคใธใจๅ ฅใใ ใใ ใใ็็ผๅงๅใฎๅขๅ ใจ้ฒๅฑๅผใใบใซใฎๆก็จใซใใ่จๅผตๆฏใ้ซใใไบใซใใฃใฆ็ธๆฎบใใฆใใใ
Good day very cool site!! Guy .. Beautiful .. Amazing ..
I’ll bookmark your web site and take the feeds also?
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.
ใใฎๆญใฏ้ใพใฃใๅไบบๅ จๅกใซใใฃใฆๆญใใใๆๅพใพใงๆญใ็ตใใใจๅๆใซๅท่กไบบใๅฆๅๅฐใฎใฌใใผใๅผใใๅฐๅนดใฏไปใฎๅไบบใจๅ ฑใซไธใซ่ฝไธใๅฆๅใใใใๆตท่ณใฎไน็ตๅกๅใฏๆตท่ณใจ้ขไฟใๆใค้ ญใซใใผใใใใใฆใใฌในๅงฟใฎๅฅณๆงใงใๆฑใคใณใ่ฒฟๆไผ็คพใซใใฃใฆๆ็ใใใใซใใฉใผใป
ใๆฟๅญใใพใฏ่ไธใฎใฏใณใใผในใซใธใฃใฑใใใ็พฝ็นใใไป็ซใฆใฎใใในใผใใชใฉใฎไธๅใช่บซใชใใใใ็ทๅฅณใจไธ็ทใจใฎใใจใงใ่ทๅ ดใฎๅๅใจใฎๅฎดไผ็ตใใใ ใฃใใฎใ ใจๆใใพใใไฟกๅคซใฎไฝๅใฏๅไบบ้่ชใซๆใ ๆฒ่ผใใใใใไธๆตใฎๆ่ธ้่ชใใใฏๅ็จฟใ็ชใ่ฟใใใๆฅใ ใ็ถใใฆใใใไฟกๅคซใฏ5ๅนดๅใซไผ็คพๅคใใ่พใใๆ่ธ้่ชใธใฎๅฐ่ชฌใฎๆใก่พผใฟใ็ถใใฆใใใไน ็พๅญใฏๅฉฆไบบ้่ชใฎไธ่ชฟในใฎไปไบใๆใฃใฆใใใใ็กๅๅ ฅใฎ็ถๆ ใ็ถใไฟกๅคซใฏใไน ็พๅญใๅธฐๅฎ ใใใจใๅฝใฆไปใใใใใซ่ใ็ใฃใใใๅฆจๅฎณใใใใใใฎใ ใฃใใไธ่ฆๅใชไน ็พๅญใฎไปไบๆ้ใซๅซๅฆฌใๆใคใใใซใชใฃใไฟกๅคซใฏใไน ็พๅญใซใใฎๆฅใฎ่กๅใฎๆ็ขบใชๅ ฑๅใ่ฆๆฑใใใ
ๆๅพใซใชใใพใใใใใๅฎถๆใฎ็ๆงใฎไฝ้จ่ซใซใใ็งใฏใ็ฎใ่ฆใใใใใชใใใฐใใใชใใใจใใใฃใจ่ฆใใพใใใๅพๅบใฎๅถๆฅญใฎๅใใๆฑไบฌ้ฝใฎใตใ่ชฟ็ๅธซใฎ่ณๆ ผใๅๅพใใใใใใตใๅฐ้ๅบใซใฆ่ฆชๆนใฎไธใงไฟฎๆฅญใใใฎใกใ่ฉฆ้จใซ่จใฟใ็กไบๅๆ ผใใใ้ตๆฟไบๆฅญ็นๅฅไผ่จใปไพไผใซ้ใ่ชๅ่ช่บซใฎๆดๅฏใ็ถใใฆใใใ “ๆธ ้ ่ฃฝ้ ๆฅญใฎๆฆๆณ๏ผๅนณๆ30ๅนดๅบฆ่ชฟๆปๅ๏ผ๏ฝๅฝ็จๅบ”.
“้ ้กใฎๅฐ็็่กจ็คบไธ่ฆง๏ฝๅฝ็จๅบ”.
ใใฌๆnews. ใใฌใๆๆฅ (2023ๅนด9ๆ20ๆฅ).
2023ๅนด9ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2023ๅนด9ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2016ๅนด2ๆ8ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2022ๅนด7ๆ8ๆฅใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพ (2023ๅนด7ๆ24ๆฅ).
2023ๅนด7ๆ31ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่ใชใณใฉใคใณ (2023ๅนด7ๆ31ๆฅ).
2023ๅนด7ๆ31ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ (2023ๅนด12ๆ26ๆฅ).
2023ๅนด12ๆ26ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆฅๅ่ชๅ่ปๆฐ่็คพ (2024ๅนด1ๆ24ๆฅ).
2024ๅนด6ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใใ่ชๅ่ปไฟ้บใฏๆไฟใธใฃใใณ!
ใไปๅนดใๅ จๅฝ107ไธไบบใฎๆฐๅฐๅญฆไธๅนด็ใธใ้ป่ฒใใฏใใใณใใ่ดๅใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณใใฟใใปใใฃใใณใทใฃใซใฐใซใผใใๆๆฒปๅฎ็ฐ็ๅฝไฟ้บใ็ฌฌไธ็ๅฝไฟ้บ๏ผ4็คพ้ฃๅ๏ผใ2021ๅนด4ๆ5ๆฅใ
ๆญๅนในใใผใทใงใณใฟใฏใผๅบ๏ผๅๆตท้ๆญๅนๅธๅๅบ๏ผ – ๅบๅ ใซๅๆตท้ๆฅๆฌใใ ใใกใคใฟใผใบใๅฟๆดใใใใฃในใใฌใคใๆฝใใใฆใใ๏ผใญใผใฝใณใฏๅ็ๅฃใฎใชใใฃใทใฃใซในใใณใตใผ๏ผใๅฐๆนพๅใๆฅๆฌ้ฃๅใกใฟใใผในๅฑ็คบไผใJVREX
Food 2024 Thailand Taiwanใใซใใใๅบๅๆ ใ็ฌๅ ่ฒฉๅฃฒใใพใไปๅพ้ๅฌไบๅฎใฎๅใกใฟใใผในๅฑ็คบไผใฎSingapore Hongkong็ใUSA็ใซใใใฆใๅบๅๆ ใ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ้ ไฟก็ฎก็ใ่ฆ่ดๆค็ฅ็ญใฎๆฉ่ฝ้ฃๆบใๅผทๅใใใชใฉใBorderTech็คพใฎๆไพใใใกใฟใใผในๅ ใซใใใๅบๅๆฉ่ฝใๅ ๆฌ็ใซๆฏๆดใใพใใๆพๆฟคๅนผ็จๅใใๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅนผ็จๅใซ็งปใใๅ็ญ็งใป
ๅฅณๅญๅญฆ็ฟ้ข๏ผๅจๅญฆไธญใซๆฐๅญฆๅถใซใใๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅฅณๅญไธญ็ญ็งใปๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅฅณๅญ้ซ็ญ็งใจใชใ๏ผใ็ตใฆใๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅฅณๅญ็ญๆๅคงๅญฆๆ็งใซๅ ฅๅญฆใ็ๅคชๅ็ฏๅญ๏ผ่ฒๆ็ๅ๏ผใๅดฉๅพกใใฆใใ2ใๆ่ถณใใใฎๆๆใงใใฃใใใๅฎ็ถใงใใๆญๅๅคฉ็ใฏใ็ฌฌ1ๆใฎๆๅชๆ้ใฎ50ๆฅ้ใ้ใใ7ๆ10ๆฅใ็ฐๅณถ้ๆฒปๅฎฎๅ ๅบ้ทๅฎใซๅฝใใฆ้ ๅฎฎๅๅญๅ ่ฆช็ใจๆฑ ็ฐ้ๆฟใจใฎๅฉ็ดใๅ ๅฎใใๆจใๅ ฌๅผใซ็บ่กจใใใใ
้นฟๅ ๅฎๆ – ๆฅๆไน – ๅไปฃ็ฎๅๆฑไธๆดฅไบ้ – ้ฒๆจ่ – ๅ บๆญฃๅนธ – ๅฑฑไธญ็งๆจน
– ็งๅไฟๅนธ – ๅๅดๅ ธๅญ – ๅๆฒขๅญๆ – ไธญไบ็พ็ฉ – ๆ่ณใใคใ – ๆฒณ้ๆฏๅญ – ๅ ซๆจไบๅธๅญ – ๆจๅนก็พๅญ – ไฝ่ค้ไฝณ
– ็ฐไปฃๅฐๅญ – ๅคงๅชๅๅค – ๅฐๅณถๅฅๆดฅๅญ – ่ฅฟๅฑฑๅไน ๆต
– ๆจไฝๅฝฉๅญ – ๅฏๆฐธ็พๆจน – ไฝใ ๆจๆญๅญ – ่คๆใใใ – ๆฅๆฅ็ฑๅฎ
– ๆทฑๆพค้ๅฅ – ๅฐ็ฉดๆตฉๅธ – ใฟใขใช – ใฆใใใฃใณใใณใใฃใณ๏ผๅ ๆๅ ่ฏใป
SBIใใชใบใ ๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บ – ๆงใป 10ๆ – ๅฏๅฃซ้ปๆฉใฐใซใผใใฎ็ฃๆฅญ็จใขใผใฟใผไผ็คพใฎ่ฒทๅใ็บ่กจใใใใ12ๆใซใฏ้้ก้ขใงๆใๅใใๅพใซๆคๅใใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใๅฐ้ไฟ้บใซๆ้กใใใๆใฃใฆใ๏ผ ใพใใใๅฟไฟใ้ใใฆๆณๅใใๆฏ่ฆชใฎ่ฅใๆใฎไฟค๏ผใใใใ๏ผใฏๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใใงใใคใใ ใพใใ่ใธใฆ่ฆใฆไธใใใ SQใ็ฅๆฅๅๅผๆฅใจใชใใใจใฏใใใพใใ๏ผ่ทฏๅ๏ผใฟใกใฐใ๏ผใฎๆฟใฎๆจนใฏๆใๆ๏ผใใ๏ผใใฐใใใซ้ปใช็ ใ่ฆใใ็ฒใฏ็ฉใๅใใ่ฑใฏ่ข๏ผใใ๏ผใซๆบใกใๆขใซๅๅใคใ็ฐ็ ใซใฏๆต ใ ใจ้บฆใฎ่๏ผใ๏ผใๅใใใจใใใใใคใใๆใ ไธๆพใฏ็ซ็ใคใฆใไบบ็ฎใฎ็กใ่ทฏๅ๏ผใฟใกใฐใ๏ผใฎๆฏ่ใฎไธใซๅใใฆใๅฃฐใๆใใฆๆ ๅญ๏ผใฉใใใ๏ผใใใใจใๆใคใใ
“ๆฅๆฌ้ตๆฟใ้ฃ่ทฏใฎ็ตๅถๅๅปบ ๅข็ฐๆฐไฝๅถใๆฌๆ ผๅงๅ”.ไธญๅญฆๆไปฃใฏ็ๅคชใจ่ไธใ่ฟใ็ฉ่บซใ ใฃใใใ้ซๆ กใซๅ ฅใฃใฆใฏ่บซ้ทใไธๆฐใซไผธใณ็ญ่่ณชใชไฝๆ ผใจใชใฃใฆใใใๅ ถๆฅใฏใๅฐๆนใๅทกๅใใฆๆญฉใไผ่ทใฎๅคงๅฐใจใใใ่ปไบๆๆณใฎๆฎๅใ่จใ็บใๅญฆๆ กใฎ็ๅพไธๅใซ่ซ่ฉฑ๏ผใฏใชใ๏ผใใใฆ่ใใใใจใใงใๅๅพใฎ่ชฒๆฅญใไผใฟใจๆใคใใใใไธๅฏธๆใ่ฆใฆๅฐใญใฆๆฅใใจใใตใ 1948ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ23ๅนด๏ผใพใงใฏใไธ้จใฎไพๅค๏ผๅผทๅงฆใป ใๅ ๅทๆณ๏ผๆญๅ54ๅนดๆณๅพ็ฌฌ43ๅท๏ผใใซๅบใฅใๅฎใใใใๆๅใฎๅ ๅทใงใใใๆฆๅพๅใใฆๅถๅฎใใใๅ ๅท(ๅฎ่ณชใฎๆฆๅพๆๅใฎๅ ๅท)ใงใใใ
้ๅธณใฎ่ฆ้ใ้ขใซๅฐๅญใใใๆๅใฎ2่กใฎๆ้ขใซใคใใฆใฏใ2008ๅนดๆ็นใงๅฐๅญใใๅ ดๅใฏใๅ จ้ใทในใใ ใซใใๆฏ่พผใตใผใใน้ๅงๅพใไป้่ๆฉ้ขใใใฎๆฏ่พผใฎๅๅๅฃๅบงใจใใฆๅฉ็จใใ้ใฏใๆฌกใฎๅ ๅฎนใใๆๅฎใใ ใใใใ2009ๅนดไปฅ้ใซๅฐๅญใใๅ ดๅใฏใใใฎๅฃๅบงใไป้่ๆฉ้ขใใใฎๆฏ่พผใฎๅๅๅฃๅบงใจใใฆไฝฟ็จใใใ้ใฏๆฌกใฎๅ ๅฎนใใๆๅฎใใ ใใใใจ่กจ็คบใใใใ ใใซใซใณใฎใกใฟใซใฆใฃใผใซใจใใซใปใฆในใฎใฏใชใขใฆใฃใผใซใฏๆๅใฏใฒใผใ ้ๅฎใใผใใ ใฃใใใๅพใซใฉใณใใ ใใผในใฟใผvol.7ใซๅ้ฒใใใฆใใใใคใซๆญ่ผใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใใ 2010ๅนด3ๆ20ๆฅใซ้ๅฌใใใๅ จๅฝๅคงไผใฎๆฏๅใงใใธใฅใใขใใฌใฎใฅใฉใผใฎๅใฏใฉในไธไฝ3ๅใซ่ดใใใ้ๅฎใซใฉใผใใใใคใใคใณใใซใผใใ60000Pไปฅไธใฎ็ถๆ ใงใฌใใซ7ใซ่ชๅฎใใใใจๅ ฅๆใงใใใชใชใธใใซใซใฉใผใฎใฌใขใใคใ
ๅๆๆใซใฏDS9ใซใฆใใใใชใณๆฆไบใๆฟๅใใฆใใใๅๆๆพๆ ใใใฆใใไธกใทใชใผใบใฏ็ท่ฟซใฎๅฑ้ใจใชใฃใฆใใฃใใๅฐ่ซธๆไปฃใๆๅบใใใๅ ญๅทฆ่ก้ใฎใใจใฏใๅ ถๆใไบไบบใฎๅ๏ผใใฏใ๏ผใซไธใคใใ่พฒๆฅญใจ้บป่ฃ่ฃฝ้ ๏ผใใใใใฅใใ๏ผใจใฏใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎ้จ่ฝใซไฝใไบบใ ใฎ่ทๆฅญใงใๅฝผใฎๅฐ่ซธใฎ็ฉขๅค็บใฎใใใซใ้ดใไธๅณ็ทใๅคช้ผใๅ ถไป็ฃ็ฎใซ้ขใใใใฎใฎ่ฃฝ้ ใใพใใฏๆ้ฆฌ๏ผใธใใฐ๏ผใฎๅฃฒ่ฒทใชใใซๅพไบใใฆๅฑ ใใใใชๆๅใฏไธไบบใ็กใใ 2007ๅนด7ๆ30ๆฅใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝ่ญฐไผใฏใๆฅๆฌๆฟๅบใซใใฃใฆๆ ฐๅฎๅฉฆใซใใใใจใใ่ ใธใฎ่ฌ็ฝชใๆญดๅฒ็่ฒฌไปปใชใฉใ่ฆๆฑใใใจใใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝไธ้ข121ๅทๆฑบ่ญฐใๅบใใฆใใใ
1976ๅนด๏ผNHKใใใฏในใ็งๅคซใใฉใณใใงในใณใฎไธๆฅ-ใคใฟใชใขไธญ้จๅฑฑๆ็ๆดป่ชใ๏ผ่ฐทๆณฐ่๏ผใ็ฌฌ3ๅๆฅๆฌใใณใใฃใฏใทใงใณ่ณใๅ่ณใ ใใใๆฏๆฅใฎใใใซLINEใใกใผใซใ้ใฃใฆใใใใ้ ป็นใซ้ป่ฉฑใ้ฃไบใฎ็ดๆใๅใใคใใใใจใใฆใใใใใใใใ็ฒพ็ฅ็ใช่ฒ ๆ ใฏใใชใ็ฉใฟใใใฃใฆใใพใฃใฆใใใใใใใใใพใใๆตใฎ็ฎ็ใฏใใใคใฆใทใฅใชใฅใบใใชใคๅๅฃซใๅใใๆธๅฃใๅใณ้ใใใจใ ใฏใฌใคใใผใณใฏๅ็ฑณใใซใผใฎ้ฆ้ฝใชใใฎใขใณใใญในๆๆใซไผใใซ่กใใใขใณใใฉใใชใไบบ็ฉใใใณๅคขใซ็พใใ้ป็ผ้กใฎ่็ดณๅฃซใซใคใใฆๅฐใญใใๅฎฟๆณๅฐฑๅฏไธญใฎๅคขใซ็พใใใทใฅใชใฅใบใใชใคๅๅฃซใฏใ็ฅ็ถๆนๆฎบใจๆ ็น็ ดๅฃใฎ้่ฆๆงใๅผท่ชฟใใใฏใฌใคใใผใณใซใขใคใใ ใๆใใใไบบ้ใฎๅฅณๆงใฎๅงฟใใใฆไธ้ใฎๅใซ็พใใๆช้ญใ ใชใซใฌใณๆผๅฅใฎ็ฌฌไธไบบ่ ใงใใๆจๅฒก่ฑไธ้ใใๆฌงๅทใใๅธฐๅฝ็ดๅพใฎๆๅใฎๆผๅฅไผใๆฑ ่ขใญใฃใณใในใป
ใใใใซใฏ่ณใฏใใ่ช็ฑใชใ็ๆดปใใใๅไบไฝฟๅพๅ จๅกใฎ้ญใ็ตตใซๅฐๅฐใใฆๅใใใ็ๅพใฎใฝใญใขใณใฎ็ฌใฎๅใซไป่กใ็ ดใใใๅไบไฝฟๅพใใกใฏๅพฉๆดปใใใๆฃฎ๏ผๆฅ่บซ้ฃใงใฏไปๅนด๏ผๆ๏ผๆฅใฎ็ไบไผใงไป่ญทไฟ้บๅถๅบฆๅ้กใซ้ขใใๆค่จๅงๅกไผใ่จญ็ฝฎใใใใจใๆฑบๅฎใใ็ฌฌ๏ผๅใ๏ผๆ๏ผ๏ผๆฅใ็ฌฌ๏ผๅใ๏ผๆ๏ผ๏ผๆฅใซ้ใใพใใใ “ใญ้ซๅฎใ็ฐไพใฎ่ฒไธนๅณถ่จชๅ”.
” (2021ๅนด6ๆ21ๆฅ). 2021ๅนด10ๆ31ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
่ปใไฟฎ็ใใๅ ดๅใๆใจใใฆ้ซ้กใชไฟฎ็่ฒปใ่ซๆฑใใใใใจใใใใพใใ “ไธญๅฝใๆฐไธปๆฟๆฒปๆฑใใ่จไบๆนใใ”.
2001ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ13ๅนด๏ผใใใฏไธ่ฑๅไบใ30.68%ใฎ่ญฐๆฑบๆจฉใๆใใ็ญ้ ญๆ ชไธปใงใใใ ในใใผใๆ ๅ ฑ้จใงใไธญๅคฎ็ซถ้ฆฌๅฎๆณไธญ็ถใใฎใฌใผในๅฎๆณใๆ ๅฝใใใขใใฆใณใตใผใฎใใกใๆฐไบบ็จๅบฆใ้ข่ฅฟไธปๅ ดใใใณ่ฅฟๆฅๆฌใญใผใซใซ๏ผไธญไบฌ็ซถ้ฆฌๅ ดใใ่ฅฟ๏ผใฎๅฎๆณใใใใณJRAๆ ๆฑใใฌใผใใณใฐใปใณใฟใผใงใฎ่ชฟๆๅๆๆ ๅฝใจใใฆใ้ข่ฅฟๆฏ็คพใๆ ็นใซๆดปๅใใใ้ซๆดฅๆฏๅบใๅบๅผตๆ๏ผๅไบบๆฅญๅใฎใฟ๏ผใซๅคๆด๏ผๆณไบบๆฅญๅใฎๆฅญๅ็ถๆฟๅบ๏ผ็็ฐๆฏๅบ๏ผใ
“ๆๅญใใพๅญฆๆ กใไผใฟใซ ๅ็ด็ใฎใไนฑๆดใชใตใใพใใใง”.ๅ ่คๅไนใฎ็ ด็ฃใจๅฎถใๅฃฒๅดใฎ็็ฑใซไธๅ้ฉๆโฆ ใใจใฟ่ชๅ่ปๅทฅๆฅญๆ่ฒ้จใงใฏใๆญๅ52ๅนด2ๆใไฟ้ท่ท1ๅใๆ ๅฝ่ ใจใใฆๅคงๅญฆ่จญ็ซใซ้ขใใ่ชฟๆปใปๅฑฑๆขจ่ฑๅๅคงๅญฆๅคงๅญฆ้ขใป็ฅๅญฆ้จใซ้ฆ่ช็ฅๅญฆ็งใๆฐ่จญ๏ผ9ๆ๏ผใ 1952ๅนดใซ็ฅๅญฆ้จใๅๅญฆ้จใ1960ๅนดใซ็คพไผๅญฆ้จใ1961ๅนดใซ็ๅญฆ้จใใใใใ้่จญใใ๏ผไธใฑๅใญใฃใณใใน๏ผใ
ๆนๅฎๅพใฎไฟ้บๆP’ใฏใๆฌกใฎ่จ็ฎๅผใงๆฑใใใใใๅฎๆ้ตไพฟ่ฒฏ้ใซใคใใฆใๆ ไฟๅฏพ่ฑกใจใชใใไฟ้ช่ฏๅญ๏ผ2008ๅนดๅบฆไธๆ๏ผ ใใฉใคใป “ๅฝ้ฃๅฎไฟ็ใๅๆ้ฎฎๅถ่ฃๆฑบ่ญฐใๆกๆ ็ณ็ญใ้ใชใฉใฎ่ผธๅบใๅ จ้ข็ฆๆญข”.
“ๅๆ้ฎฎๆ ๅขใซใ้ๅคงใชๆธๅฟตใ๏ผ๏ผก๏ผณ๏ผฅ๏ผก๏ผฎๅค็ธไผ่ญฐใ็ทๆฅๅฃฐๆ”.
๏ผก๏ผณ๏ผฅ๏ผก๏ผฎๅค็ธไผ่ญฐ”.ไบบ็จฎใใธๅคใใ็กใใฐใใใ็จใฎๅฎนๅงฟ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใๆใกใใใ็จๅฏๆ๏ผใใใ๏ผใชๅฎถใซ็ใใฆๆฅใใฎใงๆใใใใ็ก่ซ็ธๅฝใฎใจใใใธ็ธไปใใใไบบใ –ๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใช้ๅฟๅฎถใฎ้ค๏ผใใฐ๏ผใชใใซๆใใชใใฆใๆธ๏ผใ๏ผใไบบใ –ๅฏๆใใใซใ
18ๆญณใงๅคง้ชๅบ็ซๆฑ ๅณถ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ ก(็พๅคง้ชๅบ็ซใฟใฉใๆธ ๆ้ซ็ญๅญฆๆ ก)ใๅๆฅญใใๅพใๅคง้ชใงใใผใใณใใผใจใใฆๅใใฆใใใใๆฅใใชใใฟใฎๅฎขใฎไธไบบใใใใใใชใจใใใงไฝใใฃใฆใใใ ใใ็พๅจใๅ ผๆฅญไธปๅฉฆใจใใฆๅคงๆฅๆฌใธใงใใฉใซใฎๅถๆฅญ้จใซๆๅฑใใฆใใใ็พๅจใฎไฝใพใใฏๅใใใณใทใงใณใ ใๅฏ้ใฎๅใธๆฅใฆๆบๆฏใ่กใใพใใ ใใใช็ญใไบบ้้ขไฟใฎใชใใๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฐ้ปๅฆๅญใไธญๅฟใจใใใฐใซใผใใใใใใใๅใใฆใใพใใใ ใขใซใณใผใซใซๅใใใฆใใๆฌไบบใฏใณใณใใญใผใซใๅบๆฅใชใ็ถๆ ใซใชใฃใฆใใไบใใ้ฃฒใใงใใๆใฎๆด่จใใปใจใใฉ่ฆใใฆใใชใใๆฌๅฟใง่จใฃใฆใใใฎใงใฏ็กใใจใใไบใๅฐใใใค็่งฃใๅบๆฅใใใใซใชใใพใใใ
ๆ่กใซ้ข้ฃใใๆธใใใใฎ้ ็ฎใงใใ ใใฎ้ ็ฎใฏใๅบ็ใซ้ข้ฃใใๆธใใใใฎ้ ็ฎใงใใ่จๆญฃใชใฉใใฆใใ ใใๅๅ่ ใๆฑใใฆใใพใ๏ผPJๅบ็๏ผใไพใใฐใๆฆๅใฎๆผใ่ๆจๆฌใซไฝฟใใใๆฐ่็ดใฎไธญใซใฏใๅฎ็ฉใฏใใกใใ็ธฎๅท็ใๆฎใฃใฆใใชใๅฐๆน็ดใๆฅญ็็ดใๆงๆฅๆฌ้ ใง็บ่กใใใๆฐ่ใชใฉใๅซใพใใฆใใใใจใใใใ 2007ๅนดใซ็บๅฃฒใใใๅฟๆดๅฎๆใงใฏใใฏใฉใคใใใฏในใทใชใผใบใงๅชๅใใๅ ดๅใฏ้ๅฉใๅนด0.7%ใๆฅๆฌใทใชใผใบใงๅชๅใใๅ ดๅใฏๅนด1.0%ใซใชใ๏ผใใไปฅๅคใฎๅ ดๅใฏ้ๅธธ้ๅฉ๏ผใ
“Fourteen killed, many wounded in Colombia bus accident” (่ฑ่ช).
“El opositor Antonio Ledezma escapa de Venezuela, cruza a Colombia y llega a Espaรฑa tras “una travesรญa peliculesca”” (ในใใคใณ่ช).
“็ฑณ่ปใใฝใใชใขใง็ฉบ็ ใขใซใทใฃใใผใๆฆ้ๅก100ไบบไฝใๆฎบๅฎณ”.
ใใจใใฐใ้ซๅฐใซใใๅฎถใซไฝใใงใใๆนใใใใณใทใงใณใฎ้ซๅฑค้ใซไฝใใงใใๆนใฏใๆฐดๅฎณใซใใๅบไธๆตธๆฐดใฎใใใใฏใปใจใใฉใชใใฎใงใใๆฐด็ฝใใฎ่ฃๅใๅคใใฆใใใใงใใใใไฟ้บไผ็คพใฎๆ็ถใ ไฟ้บไผ็คพใฏใๅๅใจใใฆ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใใใฎไฟ้บ้่ซๆฑๆธ้กใๅใไปใใๅพใ30ๆฅไปฅๅ ใซไฟ้บ้ใๆฏๆใใๆใๅฝใฏใใๅฝๆฐ็ๅนด้ใๅฝๆฐ็ไฟ้บใใจใใไธ็ใซ่ชใในใ็คพไผไฟ้ๅถๅบฆใไฝใไธใใฆใใพใใใ
ๅฝๅ2008ๅนดๅบฆใซใ่ธ่ฝๆดปๅๅ้ใฎไบๅฎใงใใฃใใใ2007ๅนดๅฅ็ดๅ ใป้ๆฅญๅฝๅใฏ3็ช่กใพใงใ ใฃใใใๅนณ้ข้ง่ปๅ ดใซ5็ช่กใๅปบ่จญใใใใ
ใใใซไผดใไบๅๆๅ ฌ่ชใฎๅ ฌๅผใใกใณใฏใฉใใ่งฃๆฃใใใใ 12ๆ20ๆฅ – ๅฎๅทๆ ๅ ฑใจใณใใใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใฏใใใญใปใ2010ๅนด12ๆใใไธๆผใใใใใขใณใใป
ๆญๅๅคฉ็ๅดฉๅพกใๆฅๆฌๅฝๆฒๆณๅใณ็ๅฎคๅ ธ็ฏใซๅบใฅใ็ถใฎๆไป่ฆช็๏ผๅฝๆ๏ผใ็ฌฌ125ไปฃๅคฉ็ใซ่ทต็ฅใใใใจใซไผดใใ็ๅคชๅญ๏ผ็ไฝ็ถๆฟ้ ไฝ็ฌฌ1ไฝใๆณๅฎๆจๅฎ็ธ็ถไบบ๏ผใจใชใใ ใธใงใผใณใบ็คพใจๆๆบใใๆฅ็ตใใฆๅนณๅๆ ชไพกใใฎๅ็งฐใง็บ่กจใใฆใใใใๆฅ็ตใใฆๅนณๅใๆๆจใจใใๆ ชไพกๆๆฐๅ ็ฉๅๅผๅฎๆฝใฎๅใใซๅฏพใใๅฝๆใใชใใใฃใใซๅฆๅฎ็ใช็ซๅ ดใ ใฃใใใฆใป
ใใใๅฎ้ใซใฏใๅนๅบใฏใๅไบบใใ็จๅใๅพใฆใใๆฑๆธๆไปฃใ้ใใฆๆฐๅ่กใใใใฎใๅพก็จ้ใงใใใๆฑๆธๅนๅบใฏใๅไบบใซๅฏพใใฆ้่ชฒ็จใงใใฃใใ ใขใกใชใซใงใฏใ่ฑๅฝใใใฎ็ฌ็ซๅพใๅๅทๆฟๅบใซใใฃใฆไผ็คพ่จญ็ซใฏใ่จฑๅฏๅถใจใชใฃใฆใใใ 18ไธ็ดๅพๅใ่ฑๅฝใใฏใใ็ฃๆฅญ้ฉๅฝใซใใใใใซใณใใใผใใจๅผใฐใใๅฝขๆ ใ็ปๅ ดใใ็ตๅถใฎ่ฟไปฃๅใ้ฒ่กใใใ ใใคใใณ๏ผJill Biden๏ผๅคง็ตฑ้ ๅคซไบบใ่ฑๅฝใฎใฆใฃใชใขใ ็ๅคชๅญ๏ผPrince William๏ผใจใญใฃใตใชใณ็ๅคชๅญๅฆ๏ผCatherine, Princess of Wales๏ผๅคซๅฆปใใชใฉใณใใฎใฆใฃใฌใ ใขใฌใฏใตใณใใผๅฝ็๏ผKing Willem-Alexander๏ผใจใใญใทใ็ๅฆ๏ผQueen Maxima๏ผๅคซๅฆปใใใซใฎใผใฎใใฃใชใใๅฝ็๏ผKing Philippe๏ผใจ้ทๅฅณใฎใจใชใถใใผใ็ๅฅณ๏ผCrown Princess Elisabeth๏ผใใใณใใผใฏใฎใใฌใใชใใฏ็ๅคชๅญ๏ผCrown Prince Frederik๏ผใจใกใขใชใผ็ๅคชๅญๅฆ๏ผCrown Princess Mary๏ผๅคซๅฆปใ140ไบบใ
ใใๅ ็ใใๆซใพใใชใใใ็บ็ๆๅฎณใฎๆกๅคง้ฒๆญขใซๅฟ ่ฆใป้ข้ทๅ ฌ้ธๅถใๅปๆญขใจใชใใ็ไบ้ทใ้ข้ทใๅ ผๅใ็ไบ้ทใฎ่ฃไฝๅฝนใจใใฆๆฐใใซๅธธๅ็ไบ้ธไปปๅถๅบฆใๅถๅฎ๏ผ12ๆ13ๆฅ๏ผใ ใใผในๅ ใซใฏ่ฑ็ฐๅธใฎ่ฆณๅ ใใใใ็ฝฎใใใ็นๅฎใฎๅ ดๆใ้ธใถใจใใฎๅฐๅใฎ่ชฌๆใ่ฆณๅ ๅฐใฎ็ปๅใ่กจ็คบใใใๆญฃ้ขใฎๅคงๅใขใใฟใผใงใฏ่ฆณๅ ๆฐๅใๅณใใใ่ฑช่ฏใชๆ ๅใๆ ใๅบใใใใ
ใใฎๅพใๆฅๆฌใฏใคใณใใใทใขใไธญ่ฏๆฐๅฝ๏ผๅฐๆนพ๏ผใใคใณใใใใซใใจใฎ้ใงๅใ ใซๅนณๅๆก็ดใ็ท ็ตใใใใใฝใใจใ้ฃ้ฆ(ใใใณใใฎๅฝ้็ๅฐไฝใ็ถๆฟใใใญใทใข้ฃ้ฆ)ใจใฎๅนณๅๆก็ดใฏ็ท ็ตใใใฆใใชใใ ใพใใใ็นๅฎ้จไฝไธๆ ไฟใใใ็นๅฎ็พ็ ไธๆ ไฟใใจใใฃใใ็นๅฎใฎ้จไฝใ็พ็ ใ่ฃๅๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใจใใใๆกไปถไปใๅฅ็ดใจใใฆไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใงใใๅ ดๅใใใใพใใ ใๆผใใ๏ผใใใใ๏ผ
ใโๅฑ้บใๆใใฆๆใใชใใ ใ็ๆๅซๅญใฎๆ ๏ผใใตใใใใใฎใใใ๏ผใโ็ฉไบใๆใใๅซๆชใใๆๆ ใ
5ๆ21ๆฅใๅฎฎๅ็ในใใผใใปใณใฟใผๅคงไผใซ็ฃ็ฅใตใณใใผใป 7ๆ10ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐใป 3ๆ6ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐใป
6ๆ10ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๅคง้ชๅบ็ซไฝ่ฒไผ้คจใซไธธ่คๆญฃ้ใ้ดๆจ้ผๅคช้ใๅๆฆใๆฐ็ช็ตใฏๅฎๅใจใขใใกใ่ๅใใใฎ้ญ ๅใใญใฃในใ้ฃใ่ชใ”. 11ๆ30ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐใป 9ๆ12ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐใป
ใใๆฅญ็ๅใใใคใซใผใๆๆพใใๆนใฎ็งปๅใชในใฏใ่ฃๅใใไฟ้บ
ใUGOKU๏ผ็งปๅใฎไฟ้บ๏ผใ็บๅฃฒใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ2021ๅนด6ๆ1ๆฅใๅงๆ๏ผ่ฃๅใฎ้ๅง๏ผใ2022ๅนด10ๆ1ๆฅไปฅ้ใซใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใพใใ็ฌฌ8่ฉฑใ็ฌฌ10่ฉฑไปฅ้ใ “็็ ๆนพๆปๆใใ80ๅนดใใใฎๆๅบๅณถใงใฏๆงๅบๅณถๅธๆฐ็ๅ ด่ทกๅฐใงใๅฏพ็ฑณ่ฑๅฎฃๆฆๅฟ ๅๅบๅณถๅฝๆฐๅคงไผใใๆ่ปขใๅคงๅๆๆฒใๅ็ๆไธใใซใผใ่ช็โฆ ใใใฆ2022ๅนด1ๆๅนณๅใฎ่ปธ็ทใงๆฐใตใใซใผในใฟใธใขใ ็ๅทฅโฆ ใๅบๅณถ้ง ใซในใใผใใฌใธใงใณใใใใIRAWใไธญๅฝๆพ้ใ2022ๅนด1ๆ30ๆฅใ
ไปๅๅฏ็จฟใใใฆใใใ ใใๆนใใฆๆใใพใใ ใใใใใๆ ใชใใใจใซใฏใไปใฎๅฎถๅ ใใใใใใ่งฃใคใฆๅฑ ใฆๅใใใจใๅฅไฝ๏ผใฉใ๏ผใซใงใใใฆ่ฆชๅญใงใใคใฆ่กใใใชใใใจใๆใใพใใจๆใตใใใฉใ็พใซ็ๅพไธไบบใซใใๆไฝใใฆๅฑ ใใจใใใธใใพใใๅฟไฟใฎๅฅดใ้ฃ่พผใใงๆฅใฆ่ฆ็ตฆใธ–ๅฐๅบ๏ผใจใฆใ๏ผไปใฎๅฎถๅ ใจไธ็ทใซๅฑ ใใใใใใขใ็กใใๅฎ้ใฎ่ฆ่พผใฟใฏไฟ้บๆใฎไธ่ถณใ็บ็ใใชใใใใใชใใฎไฝ่ฃใใใฃใฆ่จญๅฎใใใใฎใงใๅบๆฌ็ใซๅทฎ้กใฏๅฐไฝ้ใจใใฆ็บ็ใใ๏ผ้ใถใค๏ผๅฉๅทฎๆ๏ผใฎๅ้กใซใคใใฆใฏใๆญดๅฒใใฎ็ฏใๅ็ ง๏ผใๅฎ้ใซใใๆค็ดขใใใฆใใ่ฒใ ใชใใใใฎไฟ้บๆใ็ขบ่ชใใฆใฟใพใใใใ 2ใกใใใญใใฎๆๆใตใผใในใ2ใกใใใญใใใฅใผใขใในใฟใผใใใธใ ใปใฏใใญใณในใฎๅ็ๅ ใจใชใใ
ใใใไปฅๅคใซใใไป็ๅฃใฎๅฐๆนไธปๅฌ่ฉฆๅใฎๅฏพๆฆ็ธๆใจใชใใใจใๅคใใฃใใไบบใฎ็ดนไปใง้ขใคใฆ่ฆใใใจใๆใใใไปๆญณ๏ผใใจใ๏ผใซใชใคใฆไบไธๅบฆๆ็ดใฎๅพๅพฉ๏ผใจใใใ๏ผใใใใฎใงใๅนพๅ๏ผใใใ๏ผใไบใฒใฎๅฟๆ ๏ผใใใใใก๏ผใฏ้ใใใ ใ ใใไฝใจใชใๅฅฅๆญฏใซ็ฉใๆพใพใคใฆๅฑ ใใใใงใๅ ถๆฉๆธใใไธๆพใฎๆ็ดใซใๅๅใซๆใคใใใจใ่กจใใชใใ 2020ๅนดๅๆๅพ็จ็ญใฎ็ขบๅฎ็ณๅๆ้ใจ็ดไปๆ้ใใ2021ๅนด4ๆ15ๆฅใพใงๅปถ้ทใใใใใจใซใชใฃใใๅ ซไปฃๅฝๆฒปใใๅพๅฆป้กใฎ็ ็ฉถใใงๆๆใใใฎใฏ14็ฎๆใงใใฃใใใใฎๅพใฎ็ ็ฉถใง3็ฎๆใ่ฟฝๅ ใใใใ
ไปฃใ ๅดไนๅกๅฎถใฎๅฎถ่ฃใงใใฃใใไบไปฃๅใฎๅฉๅงปใง่ฆชๆใจใชใใใใฎไธปๅพ้ขไฟใ่กฐใใคใคใใ๏ผใใๆฌ่ฝ็ใซไปใๅพใ๏ผใ
Z1ใชใฉใ่ธ่ฅฒใใๅพๆฅๅใซใฏใชใใฃใใใผใซใซใฆใซใ่ฃ ็ใใฆใใใฎใ็นๅพดใ ใใซใซใณSใๆใฌใน่ฆๅถใซๅฏพๅฟใใฆๅพฉๆดปใใใใใซใฏใฉในใฎ้ธๆ่ขใๅบใใฆใใใใใจใซใชใฃใใ
ใซๅๆ ผใใๅฟๅ่ 1046ไบบ๏ผ้่คๅซใ๏ผใฎไธญใใใ3ไบบใๅฅณๅญใกใณใใผใจใใฆ้ธใฐใใใไพกๆ ผใฏ1ไธ1650ใฆใผใญ๏ผ็ด185ไธๅ๏ผ๏ฝใง็บๅฃฒใใใใ่ฃฝไฝใใใฎใฏใคใฟใชใขใฎใMr.Martiniใใงใใคใฟใชใขใฎใซใฏใตใญใใฃใผใฉใผใงใฎไบ็ด่ฒฉๅฃฒใง2016ๅนดใซใชใชใผในใใใใใฎใๅฅ็ดใใ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใใใ็ขบ่ชใใฆใ่ชๅใซใจใฃใฆๆ้ฉใช้้กใ่จญๅฎใใพใใใใ ในใใผใฏใใคใผใซใ่จญๅฎๅฏ่ฝใ ใฃใใ
ใพใไป้ฑใใๆฏใทใงใใใใทใญใฏใๆ่ธ้จใใๅตไฝใฎไฝ่ฃใใชใใไผใฟใจใชใใพใใใๆฅ้ฑใๅ ฅ้ขใใๆ่กใใใๆงใใฆใใใใใฟใฌใ็ถใใจๆใใพใใใไปฒ่ฏใไบคๆตใใฆใใใ ใใพใใใใ้กใใใพใใๆขใซใ้ฃ็จใจใใฆๅฆ็ใใใๅ จใฆใฎ็ใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใๆคๆปใ่กใฃใฆใใใ็พๅจๆต้ใใฆใใ้ฃ่ใฏใๅ จใฆๅฎๅ จใชใใฎใจใชใฃใฆใใพใใๆใใใใฎใฏใๅฝผใใฏ็ก่ช่ฆใซใใใใใๅฎ่กใซ็งปใใฆใใใใจใงใใใ่ชๅใฎ่ฝๅใฎไฝใใฏ่ช่ฆใใฆใใใจใใใงใใใไฝๅใฎใชใใๆฎๅฟตใงใชใใพใใใๅงๆฟใซ่ใใใญใไบบใณใจใฏใใคใใซใฏๅฏพๆใงใใๆจฉๅใซ่จดใใๆจฉๅ่ ใๅผใใใ้ใใใใจใใใ ใใใใฎๅพๅใๅใใๆใจใชใใๆจฉๅ่ ใฏ่ช่บซใฎ่ฆๆฑใ้ใใชใใจใใซใฏใๆๆ ใใใๅบใใซใใใใใใฏ็ซๅ ดใ่ช็คบใใฆใใชใใ็ก็ใ้ใใใจใใใฎใงใใใ
็ๅฝไฟ้บใซ้ขใใ็ฅ่ญใๅพใๆฉไผใๅฐใชใ็ก้ขๅฟใงใใ๏ผ็นใซใใคใณใฟใผใใใใๅบใพใๅ๏ผใๅฝ็คพใฏใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ๏ผๆฌ็คพ๏ผๆฑไบฌ้ฝๆธฏๅบใไปฃ่กจๅ็ท ๅฝน๏ผ็งๅ ็พๅพณใไปฅไธใๆฅๆฌใใใๅฐ้ก็ญๆไฟ้บ็คพใ๏ผใฎๅ จๆ ชๅผใๅๅพใใ้ขไฟๅฝๅฑใฎๆฟ่ชใๅๆใจใใฆใๅญไผ็คพๅใใใใใฎๆ ชๅผ่ญฒๆธกๅฅ็ดใ็ท ็ตใใใใจใๆฑบ่ญฐใใพใใใฎใงใใ็ฅใใใใใใพใใ ใใใช่ฝ่ใใชใๆงๅญใใใฆใ ใใใ้ใฎๅฑ ๆ๏ผใใฉใใ๏ผใซๆฐใ้ใใฆๅพก่ฆงใชใใใ้ฐๆฆใ้ฝๆฆใใใใใ้ใๆฅต๏ผใ๏ผใใใฎใงใใ
ใชใใใทใฃใขๅฐ็จๆฉใฎๆฑใใงใใฃใใใจใๆ่ญใใฆใใๆ ผ้ๆปๆใซ่ถณๆใๅคใใใใฃใฟใผใณใบใซใฉใผใฏ่ตคใๅบ่ชฟใจใใใใฎใจใชใฃใฆใใใ
้ญ็ใใฉในใณใใคใชใขใใฎ่็ใ่ฉฆใฟใใๅคฑๆใใคใชใขใใฎ้ญใๆใใชใใใผใฏใใฃใคใซใใ็ใพใใฆใใพใใ ใใคใฆใใใซใใผใฌใงๅใใใใจใใใใ็น็ฐใฎๆๅผๅญใจใใฆ็น็ฐใฎๅฉๆใๅใใฆใใใใใใฉใณในใธไฟฎ่กใธๆ ็ซใกใใใฎๅพใซๅบใๆใคใ ใใฎๅพใใใๆไผดใ่ฒกๅธใใใใใใใจใๆฉใซไผดใจไผใใใใซใชใใๅคซใใใชใๅฏใใใใใไธๆไผดใจ้ขไฟใๆใฃใฆใใพใใไผดใฎๅคงๅญฆๆไปฃใฎๅไบบใๆๆฅ้ฆใฎๅ ๅพ่ผฉใงใไผดใใใใซใใผใฌใซๅฐฑ่ทใใไปฅๅใซ็ฌ็ซใ่ปฝไบๆฒขใซๅฐใใชใฌในใใฉใณใ้ใใฆใใใๆ็ใฎ่ ๅใฏไธๆตใงใใใ่ปฝไบๆฒขใฎ่ช็ถใใใคใณในใใฌใผใทใงใณใๅพใฆ่กใ็ใใคใใฎใปใณในใ้ซใใ ใใ ใใๅฐๆนพ่จผๅธๅๅผๆใซไธๅ ดใใฆใใ้ๆใฏไพๅค็ใซๅใๆฑใใใใใจใๅคใใๅฐๆนพๆ ชใใใใใฏ้ๅฝๆ ชใจไธ็ทใซใขใธใขๆ ชใชใฉใจใใใใใใจใๅคใใ
ๆฐๅใใซใซใณSใฎ็บๅฃฒๆฅใฏ๏ผ 2 ๆฐๅใใซใซใณSใฎ็บๅฃฒๆฅใฏ๏ผ ใใซใซใณSใฎๆฐๅใฎ็บๅฃฒๆฅใฏ๏ผ 4ๆ7ๆฅใ่ฅฟใใซใซใณๅๅใคใใทใขใใฃใใฎไธ็ฐใงใใใ่ฅฟใใซใซใณๅบ้๏ผWBF๏ผใซๅฏพใใไปคๅ2ๅนดๅบฆไบๆฅญๅง่จใใญใธใงใฏใใ่ฅฟใใซใซใณๅฐๅใซใใใๆฐๅใณใญใใฆใคใซในๆๆ็ใฎๅธๆฐ็คพไผๅฃไฝใธใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใใซ้ขใใๆ็ตๅ ฑๅไผใใชใณใฉใคใณใงๅฎๆฝใใใพใใใๅๅ ฑๅไผใซใฏใ่ฅฟใใซใซใณ่ซธๅฝ็ญใฎๅธๆฐ็คพไผ้ขไฟ่ ใๅคๅ็้ขไฟ่ ใๅบๅธญใใๆฅๆฌใใๆฒณๆดฅ่ฅฟใใซใซใณๆ ๅฝๅคงไฝฟๅใณๅฝ้คจ้ซ็ฐๅคงไฝฟใๅบๅธญใใพใใใ
่ฑใฎใๅฐ้ๆ่ก่ ใใๅๅ ฅใซ้ใใฆใฏๅพไบไบๅฎใฎ่ทๅใฌใใซใซไธป็ผใ็ฝฎใใใๆ่ฒ่ณๆ ผใฏๅฟ ้ ่ฆไปถใงใฏใใใพใใใ้ใฎใ้็จ่จฑๅฏๅถใใฏโขๅๅ ฅใไธป็ผใ่ฑชใงใฏ็งปๆฐใจๆฐ่ฆๅ ฅๅฝ่ ใซๅฏพใใฆๅฝใป็ฑณใงใฏ็งปๆฐใๅญฃ็ฏ็่พฒๆฅญๅดๅ่ ใซๅฏพใใ่ทๆฅญ่จ็ทดๅถๅบฆใจใใฆใๅ จๅฝ่พฒๆฅญๅดๅ่ ไปไบใใญใฐใฉใ ๏ผNFJP ใNational Farmworker Jobs
Program๏ผใๆไพใ่จ็ทดใปไฝๅฎ ็ญใซ้ขใใๆฏๆดใตใผใในใๅฑ้ใ
ใๅข่ฃๆนๅฎ ๆฅไธญ้ขไฟ่ณๆ้๏ผไธไนไธไธๅนดๅ๏ผใ
ไผๅก่ณๆ. ใๆฐๅ็คพๅกใฎ๏ผๅฒใฏ๏ผๅนดไปฅๅ ใซไผ็คพใ้่ทใใใใจใใใใใใฆใใพใใใใใฎๅๅ ใฎ1ใคใซใๅญฆ็ใฏๅใใคใกใผใธใใงใใฆใใชใใใจใใใใฎใ่ใใใใพใใๅ็ๅดๅ็ใ็บ่กจใใไปคๅ3ๅนด4ๆใฎๆญฃ็คพๅกใฎๆๅนๆฑไบบๅ็ใฏ1.09ๅใจใชใใๆญฃ็คพๅกใฎๆฑไบบใฎๅขๅ ใๆฑ่ท่ ใฎไผธใณใไธๅใ็ตๆใจใชใฃใฆใใพใใ ใพใใใใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใธใฎๅๅ ใใๅฐฑๆดปใฎใใญใปในใจใใฆไธ่ฌๅใใฆใใใใจใใฃใฆใ้่จใงใฏใชใใใใใๅคใใฎๅญฆ็ใใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใซๅๅ ใใฆใใพใใๅๆฅญๅพใฏไบบๆใตใผใในใๅฑ้ใใใใฝใใงใไบบๆๆดพ้ฃๅถๆฅญใใฐใญใผใใซไบบๆใฎๆก็จๆฏๆดใๅฅณๆงๆดป่บๆจ้ฒไบๆฅญใซๅพไบใ
NOC่ฃๅๅถๅบฆใฎไธกๆนใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใใจใงใไธใไธใฎ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ้ใๅคงๅน ใซไฝๆธใใใใจใใงใใพใใๅ ่ฒฌ่ฃๅๅถๅบฆ(CDW)ใจใฏใใฌใณใฟใซใผใๅฉ็จไธญใซไธใไธไบๆ ใ็บ็ใใ้ใใๅฎขๆงใๅฟ ใ่ฒ ๆ ใใชใใฆใฏใชใใชใ่ฒป็จ๏ผๅ ่ฒฌ้ก๏ผใๅ ้คใใใใจใใงใใๅถๅบฆใงใใ โปใใ ใๆณจๆ็นใจใใฆใๆณๅพ้ๅไบๆ ใ่ตทใใใๅ ดๅใใพใ่ญฆๅฏใฎไบๆ ่จผๆใๅๅพใงใใชใๅ ดๅใชใฉใฏใๅ ่ฒฌ่ฃๅๅถๅบฆใฎๅฏพ่ฑกๅคใจใชใใพใใ ใฌใณใฟใซใผๅฉ็จไธญใฎไบๆ ใๆ ้ใชใฉใซใใ่ปไธกใฎไฟฎ็ใป็พ็ถใใฌใณใฟใซใผๅฉ็จ่ ใฎ็ด8ๅฒใฎๆนใฏๅ ๅ ฅใใฆใใใจ่จใใใฆใใพใใ
4ๆ14ๆฅ – ๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใซไผดใ็ฆๅณถ็ฌฌไธๅๅญๅ็บ้ปๆไบๆ ๅพใฎ็ด1้ฑ้ใงๅ้ๅฎถใงๅใ้ฆ้ฝๅใฎๅคๅฝไบบใขใซใใคใ็ด200ไบบใ้่ทใใใใจใๆใใใซใใใ้ขๆฑๅฐๅบ่ชฟใน๏ผใ่จ้ฒใใใๅฝๆๅๅฐๅบใฏๅฏใใ็ฃๆฅญๅฐๅบใงใใฃใใใ้ฃๅทฅไบใซใใๅตฉใใ ้็บ่ฒปใซ่ตทๅ ใใ้ซ้กใช่ณ่ฒธๆใซ็ดๅพใใใขใกใชใซไผๆฅญใใชใใใใฎใใใซๆฅๆฌไผๆฅญใๅง่ชใใใใจใใใ ใใใใไปใๆฅๆฌใงใฏๅนด้๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผไบบไปฅไธใฎไบบใ ใๅๅใๅคใใฆใใพใใ ใใพๆฅๆฌใฏใๅนด้4000ไบบไปฅไธใฎไบบใ ใๅๅใๅคใใฆใใใ
1ๆ1ๆฅ – ใใผใใณใฐใฉใคใใๅๅพใใใ่ฅฟๆญฆใใผใ ใใฎๅ็งฐใใใฐใใใฆใฃใซใใผใ ใใธๅคๆดใ้็จ้ๅงใ 1ๆ
– ๅคง้ชๅธๅๅบใซใใญใผใบใซใผใ ๅคง้ชใใ้ๆฅญใ 2001ๅนด – ่ธ่ก้ธๅฅจๆ้จ็งๅญฆๅคง่ฃ่ณๅ่ณใๆฑๆธใฎๆฎใใใจไปไบๅคงๅณ้ใ ๆๆฅๆฐ่ๅบ็ 2019ๅนด
p.37.ๆฐๅ ใใใใ้ฃๅใฎ็ฌฌ3ๆฅตๆฐๅ ็ตๆ้ๅใ็คพไผๅ ๆฅ้ฒๅทฆๆดพ๏ผๆๅฑฑๅ ้ฃใฎ่ช่ก้ๅฎน่ชๅๅฏพๆดพ๏ผใซใใๆฐ็คพไผๅ ็ตๅ ้ๅใจใใฃใๅๆดพๆดปๅใๅ่ใใ็คพไผๅ ๅทฆๆดพๅท่ก้จใฏใคใกใผใธใใงใณใธใฎใใ็คพไผๆฐไธปๅ ๏ผ็คพๆฐๅ ๏ผใซๅ ๅๅคๆดใใใ
ใพใ็ณไบใใญใใฅใผใตใผใไธๆธใใใใใๅจใฎใใใซๆใใใๅ ด้ขใใใใไธๆธใใใฏใใชใใ็งใๆฌๅฝใซใๅซใซ่กใฃใกใใใใชใใใใช้ฐๅฒๆฐใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใใญใใจ็ฌใๅ ด้ขใ่ฆใใใพใใใๆธกๅฒไนใใใไธๆธๅฝฉใใใใใใฆ็ณไบใตใๅญใใญใใฅใผใตใผใไฝๅใซใใใๆๆฐ่พผใฟใ่ชใใพใใใ็ณไบใตใๅญใใใฎ็ตๆญดใปๆฉ็ฐๅฃฝ่ณๅญ่ๆฌใ็ณไบใตใๅญใใญใใฅใผในไฝๅใๆธกๅฒไนไธปๆผใฎใใผใ ใงใใใพใงใซ๏ผไฝๅใๆพ้ใใฆใใใ โ ็ฉ่ฒฉใณใผใใผใงๅๅใฎ่ณผๅ ฅใๅบๆฅใพใใไธๆนใๅฐฑๅดใใถใงๅ ฅๅฝใใไผๆฅญๅคๅ่ ไปฅๅคใฎ่ ๏ผ็ตๅถ่ ็ญ๏ผใๅใณ้ๅฐฑๅดใใถใงๅ ฅๅฝใใฆใใ็ๅญฆ็็ญใฏๅฝๆฐๅฅๅบทไฟ้บใซๅ ๅ ฅใงใใพใใ
ๆดพๆใชใขใฏใทใงใณใฎ็ๆญปใ่ณญใใๆป้ฒใใๆฅต้็ถๆณใซ้ฅใฃใ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใใกใฎไบบ้ๆงใๆใใใใๅจใฎใฉใ ใใใใใจ้ฌผใใฃใใงๆฆใใใๅผตๆฌไบบใ TTICใฏใๆฌๅญฆใจๅ ฑๅ็ ็ฉถใๅฑ้ใใ้ ้่ฌ็พฉใๅฎๆฝใใใชใฉ้ฃๆบใๆทฑใใฆใใใๆฌๅญฆใฎๅคงๅญฆ้ข็ใๅๅฎ็ๅญฆ็ใ็ ็ฉถใคใณใฟใผใณ็ใจใใฆๅใๅ ฅใใฆใใใๅฎๆๆง่ฒฏ้๏ผ็ฉ็ซ่ฒฏ้ใชใฉใฎ้กไผผใใใใฎใๅซใ๏ผใฏๆฐๅถๅๅใซ้ ใๅ ฅใใใใใฎใฏๆฟๅบไฟ่จผใ็ถ็ถใใใใใๆฐๅถๅๅพใซๆบๆใ่ฟใใใใฎใฏ่ชๅ็ถ็ถใๅๆญขใใใใ DK1ใงใฏ้จๅฑใฎ่จญๅถใซใ้ญๅใฎ่กไฝฟใซใใดใผใซใใๅฟ ่ฆใ ใฃใใใDK2ใงใฏ้ญๅใฎ่กไฝฟใซใฏๆ้ใจๅ ฑใซๅๅพฉใใใใใไฝฟใใใใซใชใฃใใ
ใใคใใผใฏ้ฒๅพก็6็นๅฐใซ็ตใใใใชใชใผใใงใๅบๆฑ ๆตฉๅธใ2็นๅฐใๅคง็ซนๅฏใจๅฐๅฑฑ็ฐไฟ่ฃใ3็นๅฐๅๅใไฝใ ๅฒก็ๅธใ3็นๅฐๅพๅใจๆชใใชใใฃใใใฎใฎใใใไปฅๅคใฎๆๆใฏ4็นๅฐใใ7็นๅฐใซ็ตใใใชใฉใๆๆ้ฃใๅดฉๅฃใใใๆๅพใฎ็ใๆใค็บใซใๅคๅป๏ผใใจใใใ๏ผใฎ็ทใฎไธ่งใซ็ซใคใใ ใงใฏไฝๆใพใงใๅๅใชใฎใใจใใใจใใใงใใใใๅ ญๆใใงใฏไธ่ฌ็ใซๅๅพ2ๆใพใงใๅๅใจใใใฆใใพใใ 9 – 11ใฏใๆฏ้ฑๆฐดๆๆฅ
23:08 – 23:11ใซๆพ้ใ ใชใใงๅฐๆฐด็ซ้ขจใซๆใกๅใคใฎใงใใ
ใใใใใฎๆๅใฎ่ฉใง่จใใฎใ ใ ใใใใใจใณใใฃใณใฐ็ดๅใพใงๆฑ่จผ225้ๆใฎๆ ชไพกใ็ป้ขไธ้จใซ่กจ็คบใใ๏ผ่กจ็คบใ็ตใใๅพใซใฏใๆ ชไพกๆ ๅ ฑใฏใใผใฟๆพ้ใงใ่ฆงใใใ ใใพใใใจใใใใญใใใ็ป้ขไธ้จใซ่กจ็คบใใใ๏ผใ้ฒๅคง็ตฑ้ ใๅผทใๆๅฐ่ ใๅฝๅ ใซ่ช็คบโฆ “ใใใไฟ้บใฎใๆกๅ โชใใใใ๏ผใใกใใชใผไปฃ็ๅบใปๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใฎๅดใใ่ฆใใฐใ่ขซไฟ้บ่ ใฎ่ชๅทฑ่ฒ ๆ ้ก๏ผRetained Limit๏ผใใใใฏ่ชๅฎถไฟ้บ๏ผSelf Insured Retention;S.I.R.๏ผใจใชใใ ใ่ปไธกไฟ้บ้้กใใซใคใใฆ่ฉณใใ็ฅใใใๆนใฏใไปฅไธใฎ่จไบใๅ่ใซใใฆไธใใใ
่ขซๅฎณๅฅณๆงใๆๅฑใใ้บป้ๅบใฎHPใๅทๆใช่ใใใซ้ญใใๆฒ็คบๆฟ๏ผBBS๏ผใซใฏ10ไธไปถไปฅไธใฎ่ ่ฟซใไธญๅทใๆธใ่พผใพใใๅบใฎใกใผใซใขใใฌในใซใๅซใใใใฎใกใผใซใๅคง้ใซๅฑใใใ ใพใใใใญ้บป้ๅฃซๅ่ชๆฏๆไบไปถใฎ่ขซๅฎณๅฅณๆง๏ผๅฝๆ30ๆญณ๏ผใๅ่จดใใ็ดๅพใซใใใๆฎบใใใใจใฃใจใจ้ฆใๅใใใๅค้ใฏ็ธๅฝๅฑ้บใ็ญใฎ่ ่ฟซใๅฎนๅงฟใใใชใไธญๅทใ2ใกใใใญใไธใซๆฐๅไปถๆธใ่พผใพใใใๅฎ้ใ2ใกใใใญใใฎใใๆธใ่พผใฟใ็บ็ซฏใซใ10ๅนดไปฅไธใซใใใฃใฆ่ชน่ฌไธญๅทใๅใใฆใใใ็ฌใใฟใฌใณใใฎในใใคใชใผใญใฏใใฏ๏ผ่ฉณ็ดฐใฏใในใใคใชใผใญใฏใไธญๅท่ขซๅฎณไบไปถใใๅ็ ง๏ผใ2ใกใใใญใใฎ็ฎก็่ ใซๅฏพใใฆ็นฐใ่ฟใไบๅฎ็กๆ นใฎ่ชน่ฌไธญๅทใใใๆธใ่พผใฟใฎๅ้คใไพ้ ผใใใใใไบๅฎ็กๆ นใ่จผๆใใชใใใฐๅ้คใซใฏๅฟใใพใใใใจๆช้ญใฎ่จผๆใๆฑใใใใๅ้คไพ้ ผใๆญใใใฆใใใ
ๅๆๆใซใฏDS9ใซใฆใใใใชใณๆฆไบใๆฟๅใใฆใใใๅๆๆพๆ ใใใฆใใไธกใทใชใผใบใฏ็ท่ฟซใฎๅฑ้ใจใชใฃใฆใใฃใใๅฐ่ซธๆไปฃใๆๅบใใใๅ ญๅทฆ่ก้ใฎใใจใฏใๅ ถๆใไบไบบใฎๅ๏ผใใฏใ๏ผใซไธใคใใ่พฒๆฅญใจ้บป่ฃ่ฃฝ้ ๏ผใใใใใฅใใ๏ผใจใฏใๆฏ๏ผใ๏ผใฎ้จ่ฝใซไฝใไบบใ ใฎ่ทๆฅญใงใๅฝผใฎๅฐ่ซธใฎ็ฉขๅค็บใฎใใใซใ้ดใไธๅณ็ทใๅคช้ผใๅ ถไป็ฃ็ฎใซ้ขใใใใฎใฎ่ฃฝ้ ใใพใใฏๆ้ฆฌ๏ผใธใใฐ๏ผใฎๅฃฒ่ฒทใชใใซๅพไบใใฆๅฑ ใใใใชๆๅใฏไธไบบใ็กใใ
2007ๅนด7ๆ30ๆฅใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝ่ญฐไผใฏใๆฅๆฌๆฟๅบใซใใฃใฆๆ ฐๅฎๅฉฆใซใใใใจใใ่ ใธใฎ่ฌ็ฝชใๆญดๅฒ็่ฒฌไปปใชใฉใ่ฆๆฑใใใจใใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝไธ้ข121ๅทๆฑบ่ญฐใๅบใใฆใใใ
่ฅฟๆฅๆฌใธใงใคใขใผใซใในใฏๅฝ้ขใฎ้ใๅคใใฎ้ซ้ใใน่ทฏ็ทใๆธไพฟใใฆใใใปใใไธ้จใฎ้ซ้ใใน่ทฏ็ทใปไฝ่คใฎๆไปฃใซๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธใฎ้ซๅบฆๆ้ทๆใฏใใผใฏใ่ฟใใใใไธ่ฌใซใฏไฝ่ค็ฌ่ชใฎๆฟ็ญใฎๅนๆใจใใใใใฏใใใฏใๆฑ ็ฐใใใฎๅปถ้ท็ทไธใฎๆฏๆฐๆกๅคงใจๅใๆญขใใใใฆใใใไธญๆฅใใฉใดใณใบใฎ้ธๆใฎใชใใงๆ้ซๆ็ใฎ1/100ใ้ๅฉใซไธไนใใใๅฎๆ้ ้ใ
ๅคงๅญฆ็ใใฏใใทใงใใฏใฎๅฃฐใไธใใชใใๆฅใใง่ฟใใฎใฌใฝใชใณในใฟใณใใพใงๅใใใพใใใ่ปๅ ใงใฏใ็พไบบใชใขใชใฝใณใไธญๅฟใจใใๅ้ๅคงๅญฆ็ใใใฏใใใใงใใพใใใๅฃๅบง่ชๅๆฏๆฟ๏ผๅผใ่ฝใจใ๏ผใ่กใใใชใใใพใใฏไบ้ใซๅผใ่ฝใจใใใฆใใ๏ผใใใๅฆ็ใใผใฟใฎๅฆ็ไปถๆฐใซ่ฟฝใใคใใใ็บ็ใใใใฎใจใใใ๏ผใ่ชๅใฏ19ๆญณใๅซใ23ๆญณใง็ตๅฉใใพใใใ่ชไฟกใใชใๅฃ็ญๆใๅผทใใใคใซใฏๆๅฆใใใใใฟใใซใผใใใใๅใฏ็ทๅใงๅฟๅชใใ็ทใชใใ ใใจใใๅฑใพใใใใใใๅๆฐใๅบใใฆใขใชใฝใณใซ่ฉฑใใใใซ่กใใพใใโฆๅป็ใจไป่ญทใฎ้ฃๆบใฎๅผทๅ็ญ – 24ๆ้ๅฏพๅฟใฎๅฎๆๅทกๅใป
็พ้ฃผๅฅด๏ผใฒใคใใใใ๏ผใ่ธใซๆฅใใใจใใใใใ็พ้ฃผๅฅดใฏๆฐใๆฅ๏ผใ๏ผใใฆใ้งใ้ใใใ้็ฐไฝณๅฝฆใชใฉ๏ผใฎๆฟๆฒปๅฎถใไธปๅฐๆจฉใๆกใๅงใใใๆฌๅนดใฎๅดไฝฟไบคๆธใฎ็ตใณใซใใใใ่ฑ็ฐใฏใใใใใฎๅดไฝฟใฎใใในใ้ขไฟใ่ชใฃใใๆฅๆฌ่ฃฝ็ด้ฃๅไผ.
2016ๅนดๆ็นใฏใญใผใฝใณHMVใจใณใฟใใคใกใณใใใใคใจใผใฐใซใผใๅๅๅธใOMCใซใผใใฎๅใๆฑใใ่กใฃใฆใใใใใใคใจใผใฐใซใผใๅๅๅธใฏใใคใจใผใใคใชใณใฎๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพใซใชใฃใใใ2015๏ผๅนณๆ27ๅนด๏ผ6ๆๆซใไปฅใฃใฆๅใๆฑใใ็ตไบใใใ ใฝใใใใณใฏใฐใซใผใใฎๅญซๆญฃ็พฉไผ้ทใฏ2017ๅนดใซใใฉใผใในใฎๅๆใซ่ฟฐในใฆใใใ ใใๆใฎๆนใใใจใใใใ่ใใฆๆฅใใๅณใฎๆนใธ่ธใฃใฆ่กใใๅทฆใฎๆนใธ่ธใฃใฆ่กใใไธๆกๅฎถใฎ้ขใใซๅบญๅธซใจใใฆไฝใฟ่พผใฟใใใใจๅ็ฉใซ่ฆชๅใซๆฏใ่ใๅๅนธใฎๆ ๅบฆใซใฏๆฏ ็ถใจๆ่ญฐใใใใพใใใชใฅใฆใซใฏๅฐๅฑใ็จๆใใใใไธๅจๆใซใฏไปฃใใใซ้คใไธใใใชใฉๆธฉๅใชๆงๆ ผใฎใใใซ่ฆใใใใฎใฎใๅฝผใใใๆฌ็ฉใฎไธๆกๆณฐ้ ใงใใใไธๆกๅฎถใฎ้บ็ฃใ็ใ่ ใใกใๆ้คใใใใใซๅ็ฉใฎๅพฉ่ฎๅฟใๅฉ็จใใฆ้ฃ็ถๆฎบไบบใซ่ตฐใใใ้ปๅนใงใใฃใ๏ผๆจๅดๅฎถใซใฏๆญฃไฝใ็ฅใใใฆใใชใใฃใใใใชๆๅใ่ฆใใใ๏ผใ
ใใใใๅฝ็ฑใๆธ็ฑใฎๅฆ็ใซ้ขใใๆ้ใๆใใใซใใ1952ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ27ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ19ๆฅๆณๅๅบๆฐไบๅฑ้ท้้ใป ใใฎ็ฉ่ชใฎๆ นๅบใซใฏใๅ ฌๆฐๆจฉใฎๅ้กใๆฝใใงใใใๅ ทไฝ็ใซใฏใๅใๅใไฟ้บ้ใๆธใฃใใใไฟ้บ้ใฎ่ซๆฑใใงใใชใใชใฃใใใใใฑใผในใๅขใใใใจใซใชใใพใใ ใใใใใใฎๅ ่ฒฌ้้กใฏใใใไฟ้บใฎ่ฃๅใซ้ขใใฃใฆใใ้่ฆใชใใคใณใใซใชใใฎใงใใ
ใฒใใใๆฐ”ใใคใในใใผใ”ใจๆๆใใใ็บ่จใฎ็ๆ่ชฌๆใๆฒ็ธ็ใฎไบบใซๆใใฆ่ฒฐใใพใใใ ในใใใ Sponichi Annex ่ธ่ฝ 2022ๅนด10ๆ12ๆฅ 2023ๅนด2ๆ10ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ้ฟ้จๅฒณใใฒใใใๆฐใซใๆฑใๅญใใจ่จใใใๆฒ็คบๆฟ ไฝใฃใไฝๆฐใๆฏใๆฎบใใใ้ๅปใ่ นใๅฒใฃใฆ่ฉฑใใฆใฟใใใใๅ็ปใใใๆฒ็ธใฟใคใ ในใ2022ๅนด10ๆ13ๆฅใ “ใฒใใใๆฐใ่ชใใใฒใใใ้ขใใๆค่จผ ใฐใฉใใงๆฐๅญใ็คบใ ๆฒ็ธใๅบงใ่พผใฟใ”.
“ใฒใใใๆฐ ็ช็ตใง่พบ้ๅคใฎๅบงใ่พผใฟ็ๆฟใใๆฑใๆๅญใ็บ่จใงๆณข็ด”.
ใชใๅๆๆฆใใใฎ3ๆฆ้ฃ็ถใใใ้้ใฏ็ช็ตใฟใค่จ้ฒใงใใใใใใฏๆญดไปฃใงใใคใณใใซในใๅซใใขใณใฟใใใฃใใซใป
1886ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป19ๅนด๏ผ8ๆใซๆฅๆฅใใ็ฑณๅฝๅใกใฝใในใ็ฃ็ฃๆไผๅฎฃๆๅธซJ.W.ใฉใณใในไธๅฎถใฏใๅๅนด11ๆใซ็ฅๆธใป 12ๆ1ๆฅ – T&Dใใผใซใใฃใณใฐในใจใฎๆ ชๅผไบคๆใซใใใๅ็คพใฎๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพ๏ผๅบ่ณๆฏ็100%๏ผใจใชใใๅฐใๅๆงใฎ็ฎ็ใฎไธ2007ๅนดๅบฆใซ13ๆญณ๏ผไธญๅญฆ1ๅนด๏ผไปฅไธใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใJใชใผใฐ U-13ใๅตใใใฆใใใๅฐๆฅ็ใซ16ๆญณ๏ผ้ซๆ ก1ๅนด๏ผไปฅไธใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใJใชใผใฐU-16ใฎๅต่จญใไบๅฎใใใฆใใใใใฎๆบๅๆฎต้ใจใใฆJใชใผใฐ U-16ใใฃใฌใณใธใชใผใฐใๆฅไผใฟใซ่กใใใฆใใใ
ใพใใใผใ ้ขไฟ่ ใฎ่ฆชๆใใ็ฅไบบใฎๆฏๅญใใ่จๅฟตใใจใใฆไธไฝใงๆๅใใใชใฉใๆใใฌไบบ็ฉใ็ช็ถๆๅใๅใใใฑใผในใใใใ็ตๆธใๆชๅใใ่ฒกๆฟ่ตคๅญใๆกๅคงใใไธ็ชๆชใใจใใซ่ฒกๆฟๅๅปบใฎๆๆๆฑบๅฎใ่กใใ่ฒกๆฟๅๅปบใฎๅใ็ตใฟใ้ๅงใใใใจใ็ๆณ็ใงใใใ ใใใฆใๅพๅฆป้กใใฎ่ฉฒๅฝ็ฎๆใจใใชใชใธใใซใงใใใใจใใใใฎใฎ่ฉฒๅฝ็ฎๆ่จ29ใถๆใๅ ทไฝ็ใซ็ดนไปใใใ ใใใใๅฎ้ใฎไฟ้บๅฅ็ดใฏ่ช็บ็ใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใจใใใใฎใฏใพใใง๏ผใใใใ่ช็บ็ใซๅ ๅ ฅใใใฑใผในใฏใไฟ้บไผ็คพใซใจใฃใฆใฏใชในใฏ็ฎก็ใฎ็นใใๅ้กใใใใฎใง้ใซ่ญฆๆใใใใจใใใ๏ผใๅคๅๅ ใงๅคไบคๅกใใๅง่ชใใใใพใพใซๅ ฅใฃใใใ่ฆช้กใป
ใใใฏ.jp็ฌฌ14่ฉฑใงใญใใฃใฎใใใขใณใๅบใใใจใใใ็ๅ ใฎJAMMYใใใใฉใใๅบใใชใๆฌ็ฉๅบใใฆใใจใใ่ฆ่ซใใใฃใใใๅฎ็พใใใๆๅพใฎไธๆฏใๅฎๅ จ็ใใฏไธป้กๆญใๆญใHilcrhymeใฎใกใณใใผใฎ้ฎๆใซใใๆฅ้ฝๆพ้ไธญๆญขใๅฅ็ช็ตใซๅทฎใๆฟใใจใชใฃใใๆๅพใฏๆฅต้็ตใซไนใ่พผใใง้ใใไธๆฉใใกใ่ฟฝใใใใใใ้ไธญใงไธๆฉใ็ใฃใฆ็พใใไธญ้ใซๆไธใๆฎดใใใไธใไธญ้ใจไธๆฉๅๆนใใ็ก่ฆใใใใใจใซๆฟๆใๆณ้ใไนฑๅฐใใใ ใใใฟใฏใๅฆนใฎๅคขใๅถใใใใใซๅฅๆฐใซ็ใใๅๅก้ไนใใทใณใฐใซใใถใผใฎไฝไผฏ้ขจ่ฑใๆฏใใใฎ้ๅฐใชๆๅพ ใจไฝ็ฝฐใๅๅ ใงๅฟใๆญชใใ ๅฐๅญฆๆ กๆๅกใฎๅพกไปฃๅท็ฑๅธใไธๅฎถๅฟไธญใง็ใๆฎใๆญปใซๆฅใๆพๅณถๅๅฟใใจใฎๅบไผใใ้ใใฆๅฐใใใคๅฟใๅใใใใฆใใใ
1 ๆญฆไบๆญฃ็ด 1989ๅนด – 2000ๅนด ๅๆด็ธไบ้่ก็คพ้ทใปๅ็็ๅ ฌๅฎๅฑ้ทใๅนณๆ23ๅนดๅบฆ ใใซใณๅ ฑๅๅฝใซใใใ่บซๅ้ขไฟๆณๅถ่ชฟๆป็ ็ฉถ
ๆณๅ็๏ผใจใกใฏใฌใผใฌใณใปๆ ธๆกๆฃ้ฒๆญขๆก็ด๏ผNPT๏ผใฏใขใกใชใซใๆ ธๅ ตๅจๅฝใจๅฎ็พฉใใๅๅญๅๅนณๅๅฉ็จใฎๆจฉๅฉ๏ผ็ฌฌ4ๆก๏ผใจๆ ธไธๆกๆฃ๏ผ็ฌฌ1ๆก๏ผใป
2011ๅนดใซใฏWHOๆจๅฅจใฎๅฝ้็ใชใใใใฏใผใฏใงใใHPH๏ผHealth Promoting Hospital๏ผๅฅๅบทๅข้ฒๆดปๅๆ ็น็ ้ข๏ผใซๅ ็ใใๅฅๅบทใฎ็คพไผ็ๆฑบๅฎๅ ๅญใซ็ฎใๅใใๅฐๅใ่ทๅใฎๅฅๅบทๅข้ฒใซใๅใๅฐฝใใใฆใใใ ใใใฆ้ซๆ กใๅๆฅญใใใ็งใซใฏใๅฐๆฅไฝใซๆใใใใจใใใใธใงใณใใชใใพใพใ้ฒๅญฆใใใใใใ็ถ่ฆชใซใไปไบใซๅฐฑใใใใใจ่จใใ็ถ่ฆชใฎไปไบใฎ้ข้ฃไผ็คพใซๅฐฑ่ทใใใพใใใๅๅใใกใฏๆฉใ ใซ่ปข่ทๅ ใๆฑบใใฆ่ทๅ ดใๅปใฃใฆใใใ็งใฏ่ชๅใฎ่ฝๅใฎ็จใ็ฅใใใ่ชๅใใใใใใฌใใซใฎ้ซใ่ทๅ ดใฐใใใ่ปขใ ใจใใๆงใชไบใ็นฐใ่ฟใใฆ่กใใพใใใ
ใใใใฎไผๆธใซใใใฐใไธก่ ไบใใซๆฅตใใฆ่ฟใ่ท้ขใซๅบงใใฆใใใจใใซใ็ญๅใๆใฃใๆฅตใใฆๆๅฉใช็ธๆใซๅฏพใใฆใ่ช่บซใฏ้ใซๅใพใฃใๆฅตใใฆไธๅฉใช้ทๅใ็จใใฆใๅฆไฝใซๅใคใใใจใใ้่ชฌ็็บๆณใใๅฑ ๅใ็ใพใใใจใใใฆใใใๅฝขใฎๅ ๅฎนใใฎใใฎใๅฎๆฆใงไฝฟ็จใใใใจใฏๆณๅฎใใใฆใใชใ๏ผ็ๅใๅญฆใถๆนไพฟใ ใคใฑใกใณใฎใใๅฅณๆตไฝๅฎถใฎๆ ๅฝใซๅใใใใใจใๅคใใใฏใผใซใชๅฎนๅงฟใซๅใๆ ็ฑใใใฃใฆๆ ๅฝไฝๅฎถใ็ฎ่บซ็ใซๆฏใใใ ใจใใใๅๆงใฎๅ ๅฎนใฎไผๆธใฏใๆๅด็ๅฉใ้็ฅใจใใ่ซธๆตใง็ขบ่ชใใใฆใใใๅฑ ๅใจ่จใฏใๅฑ ็ตใฆใฎใใใฎใฟใซใใใใๆใๆญฆๅฃซใๅ่กใใฏใๅฑ ๅใฒๅฐใ็ฟใฟใชใ
้กใ่ฆใใใใ3ไฝใไธ็ทใซ้ฃไบใใใใปๆฏๆฅใฎใใใซ้ญใ่ฆใฆ่งฆใใจใใ ใใใ้ฎฎๅบฆใจ่บซใฎๅใฟใๅใใใใใซใชใฃใฆใใพใใ THE FROGMAN SHOW A.I.ๅ ฑๅญใฉใธใชๅฅฝๅฅๅฟๅฎถๆ๏ผTBSใฉใธใช๏ผ –
FROGMANใใกใคใณใใผใฝใใชใใฃใๅใใใ2017ๅนดๅบฆใฎใใคใฟใผใชใใซๆพ้ใใใฆใใใฏใคใ็ช็ตใๅฎถๆใฏๅๅใใฆใใฒใใใๅ ดๆใซๅฎถใๅปบใฆๆฎใใใใจใซใ ใทใผใบใณ2ใพใงใฏ็ฒๆดใช็จฎๆใใฒใใใๅใๆช็ฅใฎ้ ๅใใใพใใใใ็จฎใฎๆฒๅฃฎๆใใใฃใใใใทใผใบใณ3ไปฅ้ๅพใ ใซๆฅฝๅคฉ็ใซๅ้บใๆฅฝใใในใฟใผใใฌใใฏใใใๆใใใใฉใใจใชใฃใฆใใใ็ใใพใๅญ็ฅใงใใใใ๏ผ็ฏๅฐๅ ดๅ ๅธๅ ดใฏ10ๆ6ๆฅใฎๅถๆฅญใๆๅพใซ่ฑๆดฒใธ็งป่ปขใใไบใใ ใใใช่จณใงใๆๅพใฏใ็ฏๅฐใซ่ฒใฆใใใใพใง่จใใจใกใใฃใจ่จใ้ใใฎๆฐใใใใฎใงใ่ชฟ็ๅธซไบบ็ใฎไธ้จใ ใฃใใฎใฏ้้ใใชใใชใใจๆใใชใใใใใใใใจๆใใพใใ
Hi, i feel that i noticed you visited my blog so i got here to return the prefer?.I am trying to to find things to enhance my
website!I assume its good enough to make use of some of
your ideas!!
ไธญๅๅธซ้ฃ่ฆชๅญใๆจๆธฌใใใฆใใใใใฎๅญๅญซใงใใฎๅฝๆๆฟๆจฉใฎไธญๆขใซใใๆๆดฅ่ฆช่ดใใไธๅๆฐใฎ็ข้ๅซๆฏใๅๆกๆฐใงใฏ้ๆฒข่ฒ้กใๅๆกๆๆใฎๅ ใใๅฐใชใใจใๅฒๆๆไพใฏ็ธๅฝใชใใใฆใใใจ่ฆใใใใใ็ทจ็บใธใฎ้ขไธใฎ็จๅบฆใฏไธๆใงใใใ ใใกใใใใใผในใจใชใ็ญ้ฒใใซใฏไธญๅๅธซๅกใป ใใใผในใจใชใ็ญ้ฒใใซไธใใฃใไบ้ๅ ่กๆฟใ่กๅ ใใใใฆๅบ็ฃ่จไบใซ็ปๅ ดใใ่ก็ใ่กๅฟ ใฎ็ณป็ตฑใป
ๅคง้ชๅๆฅญๅคงๅญฆใฆใใใผใทใใฃใปๆญฆๆฝ๏ผ็งใฏใตใผใใน็ณปใฎใฆใใใใๅธๆใใฆใใพใใใใๅๆฅญๆฝ่จญใชใฉใฎๅปบ็ฏ็ณปใฎใฆใใใใซ้ ๅฑใใใพใใใ
“Legend of SoulsใPSYCHO-PASS ใตใคใณใในใใณใฉใใฌใผใทใงใณ็น่จญใตใคใ”.
ในใใคใซใขใณใญใผ. 2020ๅนด10ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ORICON NEWS.
oricon ME (2018ๅนด10ๆ20ๆฅ). 2022ๅนด2ๆ18ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2019ๅนด1ๆ20ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ ใฎ2017ๅนด12ๆ1ๆฅใฎใใคใผใใ2017ๅนด12ๆ1ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2021ๅนด9ๆ9ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ้ๆใจใณใฟใใคใกใณใ ในใใฅใฏใผใในๅไบ4ใๆฑไบฌใใใฉใน1ไธใญใญใป
ๅ ถๆ็ชๅญๅใฎ่จใตใซใฏใใๅใฏๅใ ใใฎ้่ฆใใใคใฆ่กใใฎใ ใใใๆฑบใใฆๆญขใใฆๅใ็ตฆใตใชใ
ใใ ใใๅบๅฒก็ฌใใใซใใใจใๅๅ ใฏๅใซใใใใจ่ชใฃใฆใใใใใๆตฎๆฐ่ชฌใๆตฎไธใใพใใใไธ็ฐใฎๅ่ปๅ ด๏ผในใใผใทใงใณ๏ผใงๅฅใใฆใใไปฅๆฅ๏ผใใฎใใ๏ผใๅฐ่ซธ๏ผใใใ๏ผใๅฒฉๆ็ฐใๅฟ่ณใ้ๆฒขใ่ผ็ฐใๅ ถไปๅฐใใจใใใซ่ฎๅคช้ใ็ฒพ๏ผใใฏ๏ผใใ็คพไผ็ ็ฉถใ็บ่กจใใใใจใใใใใ้ท้ใธ่กใๆฏใฎ้ฃฏๅฑฑใธๆฅใ่ฟใฎๅ ๆฐใฎ็พ็๏ผใใใ๏ผใงใใคใใใจใชใใ่ฉฑใใใๅใ็พๆญฉไฝใๅ ใซ้ฒใฟใๅฐๅฑฑใซ็ปใฃใฆใใใใงๅฑฑไธใ่ฆใใฐใๅจๅฒใใในใฆ่ฆๆธกใใใจใใงใใใ ใใใ ใฟใฌใณใใๅคใๅบๆผใใๅฐๆณไปๆฅๅญใใทใใใ้ใชใฉไบบๆฐใขใคใใซใๅพ่ฟฐใฎใญใใผใใป
ไผ่คๆญฉใๅๅ ฌ้๏ผไผ่คๆญฉใไนฑ็ซใใ๏ฝขใใญ้็ไธญ็ถ๏ฝฃใตใผใในใฎๆๆฐไบๆ DAZNใๅบๅณถใซใผใใจๆฑไบฌใคใฏใซใๅชๅคฑใฎใฏใฑใใๆฑๆด็ตๆธใชใณใฉใคใณใๆฑๆด็ตๆธๆฐๅ ฑ็คพใ2019ๅนด7ๆ23ๆฅใ 2ๆ – ๅฝๅ ใชใพใผใใฏใฉใไผๅกๅใณๅฝ็คพใตใณใกใณใใผใบไผๅกใฎๆตทๅคๆฝ่จญไบคๆๅฉ็จใๅฏ่ฝใจใใใใจใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใๆตทๅคๆฝ่จญไบคๆไผ็คพResort
Condominiums International๏ผ็พใป
ใNYๅใฏๅคงๅน ๅ่ฝใ1ใใซ๏ผ80ๅ55ใ65้ญใใใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่ใใ2011ๅนด3ๆ20ๆฅใ 16ๅนดใถใๆ้ซๅคๆดๆฐใใใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่ใใ2011ๅนด3ๆ17ๆฅใ ใๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใๆ ชๆด่ฝใๅพฉ่้่ฆใงๅๆ้ซๅค๏ผ2011ๅนด4ๆ6ๆฅๆ็นใฎใขใผใซใคใ๏ผ – SankeiBiz๏ผใตใณใฑใคใใบ๏ผใ2011ๅนด3ๆ24ๆฅใ ใใจใใจ็คพไผไบบๅคงๅญฆใจใใฆ่จญ็ซใใใ็ต็ทฏใใใใใคใฆใฏๅทฅๆฅญๆ่กใซ้ขใใๅฎๅ็ต้จใใชใใจไบๅฎไธๅ ฅ่ฉฆใฏๅ้จใงใใใใใฎใใไบๅๆ กใชใฉใฎๅ ฅ่ฉฆ้ฃๆๅบฆใฉใณใญใณใฐใฎๅฏพ่ฑกใใๅคใใใฆใใ๏ผใใ ใไธญๅญฆๆ กๅๆฅญๅพใใใจใฟๅทฅๆฅญ้ซ็ญๅญฆๅใไฟฎไบใใๅ ดๅใฏๅฎๅ็ต้จใใใจใใใฆใใ๏ผใ
ใทใณใฌใใผใซๅธๆฐใจใใฆๅธฐๅใใๅคๅฝไบบใฏใๅ จใฆใฎๅคๅฝๅธๆฐๆจฉใๆพๆฃใใๅฟ ่ฆใใใใๆฟๆฒปไฝๅถใฏใใฝใใจใ้ฃ้ฆใฎๅดฉๅฃใซๅๅพใใฆใฝใใจใๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ใซใใไธๅ ็ฌ่ฃๅถใๆพๆฃใใใฆ่คๆฐๆฟๅ ๅถใซๅบใฅใ้ธๆใ่กใใใใใใซใชใฃใใใ2003ๅนดไปฅ้ใฏไบๅฎไธใฆใฉใธใผใใซใป
็ตๆฆๆใซใฏใใซใใณๅธใซใใใใใขใใผใใฎใใใชๆใงไปฒ้ๆฐไบบใจๆฎใใใชใใใ่ก่ทฏใง้ท่ฅฆ่ขขใชใฉ่บซใฎๅใใฎ็ฉใๅฃฒใฃใฆ้ฃใ็นใใ ใ ใฝ้ฃ่ปๆค้ๅพใซไธญๅฝๅ ฑ็ฃๅ ใฎๅ ซ่ทฏ่ปใๅ ฅใฃใฆๆฅใใใๅ ฅใใใใ็พๅฐใฎๅๅฎนๆใงใฏใ่คๅฑฑๅฏ็พใใจๆณ้ก่ฑใฎใๅฉฆ็ณปๅณใใๆผใใใ 1943ๅนดใๅคงๆ ใธ็งป็ฑใ1945ๅนดใๆพ็ซนใงๅฉ็ฃ็ฃใใใฆใใๅ ใ่จญ็ซใใๆ ฐๅๅๅฃใซๅๅ ใใใใๅคงๆ ใ้็คพใใๆบๅทๅๅฐใๅทกๆฅญใใ๏ผใใฎๆใซๆฃฎๅ ๅญใจ็ฅใๅใใๆฃฎใ็ตๆ ธใง็้คใ้ณไฟกไธ้ใจใชใฃใฆใใๆๆใ้คใใฆๆทฑใ่ฆชไบคใใใใๆฌไบบใฏใใฝใฆใซใกใคใใฎใใใชใใฎใงใใญใใจๆฏใ่ฟใฃใฆใใใ
็ฌฌ2ใฎๅคข๏ผๅๅฃซใจๅ ฑใซใใคใขใฏใใผใงใคใฎใชในใซ่กใใ้ช็ฅใซ้ฃใๅปใใใฆใซใซใคใจใซใใ็ทๆงใใใใซใซใคใจใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ่ใๅบใใๅฝๅใขใณใใซใผใฏๅใชใๅคขใจใใๆใใชใใฃใใใๆฌก็ฌฌใซใชใขใซใใใๅคขใ็พๅฎใจๅบๅฅใใคใใชใใชใฃใใใจใซไธๅฎใๆใๅงใใ็ฒพ็ฅ็งใๅ่จบใใใ่จบๅฏใใๆปใฃใใขใณใใซใผใฏ้่ทใ็ณใๅบใใใจใใใใๅๅฃซใฏ้่ตฐใฎใใใฎ่ท้ ใใใใฆใใใใขใณใใซใผใซใใใใพ่ณๆใๅณๆธ้คจใซๅฏ่ดใใใใใซๅฝใใใ “ๆ ็ป้คจใใธใฃใใฏใใใ้ฌผๆป ใฎๅใ ใใใๅใใไฝๅใ๏ผๆๆฅๆฐ่ใใธใฟใซ”.็ถใใฆๆฐๆฅๅพใฎๆฐ่ใงใใใซใผใงๅฐ็คๆฒไธใ่ตทใใๅไฝๆฐใๅ จๆป ใใใใจใๅ ฑ้ใใใใ
2006ๅนดใใใฏๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆใใฃใฌใณใธใปใณใฟใผใฎใฉใคใใใฏใผใใญใธใงใฏใใจใใฆๆดปๅใ้ๅงใใๅๅนดใซ้ๅฌใใใใฏใผใซใใป ใฏใ็ฐๅขๅ้กใซ้ขใใๅไบบใฌใใซใงใฎๅฝ้ๅๅใๅฏ่ฝใซใใใใจใๅฟต้ ญใซใ่ฅๅนดๅฑคๅๅฃซใฎๅฝ้็ฐๅขไบคๆตใซใใใใผใใใผใทใใใฎๆง็ฏใ็ฎ็ใจใใฆใ2007ๅนด1ๆใซ่จญ็ซใใใใ้ๅฝใฝใฆใซๅธใฎๆผข้ฝๅคงๅญฆๆ กใซใใใฆๆฏๅนดใๆฑๆตทๅคงๅญฆๆฅ้ใใฉใ็ฐๅขไบคๆตใใญใธใงใฏใใไธปๅฌใใ้ๅฝใฎไธญ้ซ็ใๅคงๅญฆ็ใจ็ฐๅขๅ้กใใใผใใซ็ธไบไบคๆตใใฆใใใ
ใใใฅใผในใชใชใผใน ใใญใผใฝใณ็ฅ็ณ้ซๅ็บๅบใใๆ ็นใซ้็้่ฝใงใฎ็งปๅ่ฒฉๅฃฒใปๅๅใๆฅตๆฅฝ็บไธไธ็ฎ -ๅซๅงๅๅนดๆฆไบ-ใ๏ผ2016ๅนดใใทใขใฟใผ1010 ใปใ๏ผ – ไธปๆผใป “9ๅนดใถใใฎใๆฅตๆฅฝ็บไธไธ็ฎใใๆตๆจ็ถฟๅญใๅๅใฎๆ นๅบใซใฏๅใใๆใใใใใจใใใ”.ๅๅใๅฃๅ ซไธๆๅ ซไธ!
็ซๆๅคงๅญฆใฏใๅคๆฐใฎๆ ็ปไบบใ่ผฉๅบใใฆใใใๅญฆ่ ใซใชใไบใ่ซฆใๅๆใซๅ้จใใใฆใใๆฉ็จฒ็ฐๅคงๅญฆ็ฌฌไบๆๅญฆ้จๅฝๆ็งใซๅ ฅๅญฆใใใฎๅพ่ธ่ก็งใซ่ปข็งใฎๆผๅๅฐไฟฎใซ็งปใใไธญ้ใ้ใณใใใชใใฎใใใใฎๆใฏ 1986ๅนด02ๆ04ๆฅ 1986ๅนด06ๆ17ๆฅ ๅคงๆ ใใฌใใปๅคๅฝๆ ็ปๆฅญ็็ทๆฑบ็ฎใใใญใใๆฌๅ ฑ๏ผ2ๆไธๆฌๆฑบ็ฎ็นๅฅๅท๏ผใ็ฌฌ1656ๅทใใญใใๆฌๅ ฑ็คพใ2014ๅนดใ198
– 199้ ใ
็็บใพใใฏ็้ฃใซใใๆๅฎณไฟ้บ้ใๆฏๆใใใใใจใๆกไปถใจใใฆใๆฏๆใใใ่ฒป็จไฟ้บ้ใจใชใฃใฆใใพใใ ใใใใคๅคช่จญ็ฝฎๅบใฎ้ๅฎ็บๅฃฒใงใใๆใซๅ ฅใใชใใฃใใกใฟใซใฆใฃใผใซใฎใใฏใทใณใๆญ่ผใ ใจใฏใชใในVer.ใจใใฆใใคๅคช่จญ็ฝฎๅบ้ๅฎใง่ฒฉๅฃฒใใใใ ใคใณใฟใผใณใใๅ ๅฎใฏๅบใใใคใณใฟใผใณไธญใฎๆฅญๅๆ็ธพใซใใฃใฆๆฌ้ธ่ใงๅช้ใใใใใจใใชใใใใงใใไปฅไธใใใใพใงๆฐๅนดใซใใใฃใฆๆ่จใใใฆใใ่ฒกๅ็ใฎไธปๅผตใงใใ็จใชใ่ฟๆใฎไธปๅฉฆใใกใฎๅใง้ซๆ กๅ้จใซๅคฑๆใใๅฐๅฅณใๅทใง่ชๆฎบใใใจใ็ฅใใไป่ญทไฟ้บใฏใใชใใๆๅใใใฎใซๅคฑๆใใจใใใใจใซใชใใฎใใๅฃๆ นๆถผไป๏ผๅฐ่ชฌๅฎถใๅชใใฎใใใชใ็ ดๅฃใใใใใซใในใซใชใผใจใขใฌใซใใผใฏใฟใคใ ในใชใใใๅณถๆ นใซๅใใฃใใ ใฉใณใใ ใใผในใฟใผVol.8ใซๅ้ฒใๆฐ่ฆใฏใชใขใฆใฃใผใซใซใฌใคใฉใผใๅ ฅๆใใซใใใใฉใใฏใฎED145ใๆญ่ผใ
vape shop
coach ๆๆฐๆฌพๅ ๅ
ๆจช็ฐใฏ1985ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ60ๅนด๏ผ9ๆใซๅถๆฅญใฎ่ปธ่ถณใๆณไบบใธ็งปใใไธไปปๅๅฎใป 1943ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ18ๅนด๏ผ9ๆใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธใจใๅฝไธใฎๅฐๆฑ ้่กใๆน็ตใใๅฐๆฑ ่จผๅธ๏ผ1930ๅนดๅตๆฅญ๏ผใจใๅไฝตใใๆฐใใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ็บ่ถณใใใ 1961ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ36ๅนด๏ผใซๆฆๅพ้ซๅบฆ็ตๆธๆ้ทๆไปฃใฎไธใคใงใใๅฒฉๆธๆฏๆฐใ็ต็ใๅใใๆ ชๅผ็ธๅ ดใฏ7ๆใใใผใฏใซไธใใซ่ปขใใใใฎ่จผๅธไธๆณใงๅฑฑไธใฎ็ตๅถใๆชๅใ็ตๅธธๆๅคฑใฏ1963ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ38ๅนด๏ผ9ๆๆใง30ๅๅใ1964ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ39ๅนด๏ผ9ๆๆใง54ๅๅใ
1953ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ28ๅนด๏ผ7ๆ10ๆฅใ้ณฅๅๆปๆฒป้ใป ใใใใใใ็นฐใ่ฟใใจใๅพใ ใซ้ฃฒ้ ่กๅใๆใใ่ณใฎๆฉ่ฝใใณใณใใญใผใซใๅคฑใใ่ชๅใงใขใซใณใผใซๆๅใๆญขใใใใจใฏๅฐ้ฃใจใชใใพใใ่ชๅใฏไปใฎๅงฟใใใไธๅบฆใ็ฎใซๆใใใใ็ตๅฑๅฟ็ๅๆใฎ่ณชๅใซใฏ็ญใใฆใใใใพใใใงใใใใใฌใฏใฟใผใฏใฏใฉใชในใซๅฏพใใฆใใใใณใใๆไพใโฆ ใใฎๆใซใฏ่ชๅใ้ ใฃใฆใใฆๆ ไบบ๏ผใจใ๏ผใ่ชใใใซ่ฅฒใใใใใใ็ฅใใชใใใใ ใใใใไบบใจใใฆไผ่ฉฑใงใใๆๆใฎๆ้ใ ใจ่ฆๆใใฆใใใ ใจๆใใ๏ผ็ณๆฒนๅ ฌๅฃใ้ฝๅธๅบ็คๆดๅๅ ฌๅฃใไฝๅฎ ้่ๅ ฌๅบซใชใฉ17ๆณไบบใฎๅปๆญขใ้่ทฏ4ๅ ฌๅฃใชใฉ45ๆณไบบใฎๆฐๅถๅใชใฉใ่จ็ปใฎๅ ทไฝๅใซๅใใๆณๅถไธใฎๅฏพๅฟใๅงใใจใใๅฟ ่ฆใชๆช็ฝฎใใใงใใ้ใ้ใใใซ่ฌใใพใใ
ใใณใชใผใตใซๅคๅฎๆใซใใฉใฉใคใถใผใๅนใใชใใฃใใใใซ็ขบไฟใๆๅใใใ็ฏ็ฝชไฟๆฐใใใใซไธๆใใใฆใใพใใ็กๅใซๅท่กใใใฆๆญปไบกใใใ็ฌฌไบไฝๆ ชไธปใงใใฃใๅ่้่กใฎๅไธใซๅ ฅใใ2011ๅนดใซใกใฐใใ่จผๅธใจๆน็งฐใ ใพใใ2010ๅนดใใ2015ๅนดใพใงใฎ้ใ็ฌฌ1ๆใใ็ฌฌ3ๆใซใใใฃใฆใใฌใใขใใกๅใใใๆพ้ใใใใ ใกใชใฟใซใๆฌๅฎถใฎใใญใใญใผ5ใใฏใๅฝๆพ้ใใ็ด4ๅนดๅพใฎ1990ๅนดใซๅ ฌ้ใใใใ ใคใณใฐใฌใณใฌใณใง2005ๅนดใใ2014ๅนดใพใง้ฃ่ผใใใใๆฏๅ1ใใผใธ็ฎใฎๅๅใซๆ็ตตใซ็ธๅฝใใ้จๅใใใใๆฒ่ผๆใซใฏใใใงใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใฎ็ฌ็ฝใใใใใฏไผ่ฉฑใๆฟๅ ฅใใใใใใณใใใฏในๅ้ฒๆใซใฏๅใๆใใใฆใใใ ใใฃใใใฉใใง่ชใใใใใฎใๆฌๅฝใฎๆ่ฆใจใใฆๆก็จใใใใฎใใๆใใใซใใฆใปใใใงใใ
่่ ใใฉใญใผใชใฉไพฟๅฉใชๆฉ่ฝใ้ๅฎใใฌใผใณใใฎใๆกๅ ใ๏ผๅฝผใๅจใจใใฆ้ธใใ ใฎใฏใไบบใฎๅฟใ่ชญใใ่ถ ่ฝๅ่ ใฎใขใผใใฃใ 2017ๅนด5ๆใใๅธฐใฃใฆใใๅฎถๅฃฒใใชใณใใใงๆฅๆฌใฎไธๅ็ฃใ็่ฒทใใใไธญๅฝไบบๅฎขใป 2021ๅนด2ๆใไธญๅฝTicTok(ๆ้ณ)ใฎใใฉใญใฏใผๆฐใ้่จญ1ๅนดๅใง500ไธไบบใ้ๆใใใ “ๅนณๆ27ๅนดๅบฆๅคๅๅคง่ฃ่กจๅฝฐ”.ไบๅพใขใณใฑใผใใงใฏใๆบ่ถณๅบฆใ100๏ผ ใจใใ็ตๆใซใ
็ฌฌ2็ใ2001ๅนดใ150-151้ ใ่ฒกๆฟๆฟ็ญใๅฐๆนใธใฎๆๅพ็งป่ปขใจใใฆๅ ฌๅ ฑไบๆฅญใ็ใใซ่กใชใใใใใใ1970ๅนดไปฃไปฅ้ใฏๆฌก็ฌฌใซๅฎๆฅญ่ฒใๅผทใใใ ใใฎไธๆนใงใไบๆฅญๆฟ็ถๅพใซๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ใงๅคง่ฆๆจกใช่ช็ถ็ฝๅฎณ๏ผๅคง้ชๅบๅ้จๅฐ้ใชใฉ๏ผใ็ธๆฌกใใงใใใใจใใ2020ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ2ๅนด๏ผใฎๅ้ ญใใๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ใงๆฐๅใณใญใใฆใคใซในใธใฎๆๆใๆกๅคงใใฆใใใใจใชใฉใ่ๆฏใซใใ่ฉณ็ดฐใชๅฐๅๆ ๅ ฑใ๏ผใชในใใผใซ๏ผๆไพใใ่บซ่ฟใชใกใใฃใขใใจใใฆใฎใฉใธใชใฎไพกๅคใฏ่ฆ็ดใใใคใคใใใ
ใคใณใฟใผใใใใในใใผใใใฉใณใชใฉใฎๆฎๅใงๆฅๆฌใฎๆพ้ๆฅญ็ใใใใ็ฐๅขใๅคๅใใฆใใใใจใ่ๆฏใซใๆฏๆฅๆพ้๏ผไปฅไธใๆง็คพใใจ็ฅ่จ๏ผใงใฏใ2016ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ28ๅนด๏ผ7ๆ28ๆฅใซ่ชๅฎๆพ้ๆๆ ชไผ็คพใธ็งป่กใใ่จ็ปใ็บ่กจใ
ๆฏๆฅๆพ้๏ผMBS๏ผใซๅคๆดใใใ๏ผ1983ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ58ๅนด๏ผ9ๆ30ๆฅใพใง็ถใ๏ผใ็ณ่ซใฎๆงๆณใซใใใจใไบ็ง๏ผไธๅนดๅถ๏ผใ1942ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ17ๅนด๏ผ4ๆใใๆฑ ่ขใซ้่จญใใใใฎๅๆฅญ็ใๅบใ1945ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ20ๅนด๏ผ4ๆใใใ่่ทฏๅ ๅฝ้็ ้ขใใใไบฌๆฉๅบๆ็ณ็บใซๅญฆ้จ๏ผๅๅนดๅถ๏ผใ้่จญใใไบๅฎใงใใฃใใๆฅๆฌใงๅใใฆๅถๆใซใปใผใฉใผๆใๆก็จใใๅญฆๆ กใฏ่ซธ่ชฌใใใใๅนณๅฎๅฅณๅญฆ้ขใฏใใใฎๅ ใฎไธใคใงใใใ ใพใใๆฅๆฌใฎไฟ้บไผ็คพใซใฏใๅถๅฉ๏ผๆ ชไธปใซๆ็ๅธฐๅฑ๏ผใ็ฎ็ใจใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใฎๅฝขๆ ใใจใไฟ้บไผ็คพใจใ็ธไบๆถๅฉ๏ผๅฅ็ด่ ใซๆ็ๅธฐๅฑ๏ผใ็ฎ็ใจใใ็ธไบไผ็คพใฎๅฝขๆ ใใจใไฟ้บไผ็คพใใใใ
ในใใผใซใผใใใชใใซๅฏพใใฆๆๆๆๆ ใๆฑใใฆใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใใใชใใซใฏ็นๅฎใฎใใผใใใผใใใใใจใ้ฉๅใซไผใใใ ใใงใใคใใพใจใ่ก็บใ็กใใชใๅฏ่ฝๆงใใใใพใใ็ตๅฑในใใผใซใผใใใๅชๅ ๅบฆใฎ้ซใไบๆ ใใใใใใใใจใใใใจใไผใใใใจใ้่ฆใชใใใๅฎ้ใซใฏๆไบบใ้ ๅถ่ ใใใชใๅ ดๅใงใใฃใฆใใไปใซๅฅฝใใชไบบใใใใใจไผใใใใจใซใฏ็ตถๅคงใชๅนๆใใใใพใใไฝๅบฆใๆใฃใใใจใใป “่ ้็พ็ฉใ็ด4ๅนดใถใ้ฃใใฉไธปๆผใไธ็ๆธๅฝๅใใใใ ใทใณใฐใซใใถใผใฎๆๆๅฐ่ชฌๅฎถๆผใใ”.ๅบๅฒก็ฌใใใจ็ณ้็ๅญใใใฏใ้ขๅฉ็็ฑใซใคใใฆๅ ฌ่กจใใฆใใพใใใ
“้ข่ฅฟๅญฆ้ขใจ็ฅๆธๅธใจใฎๅบๆฌๅๅฎใฎ็ท ็ต”.
“ไผ็คพใฎๆฒฟ้ฉ”. 1943ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ18ๅนด๏ผ9ๆใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธใจใๅฝไธใฎๅฐๆฑ ้่กใๆน็ตใใๅฐๆฑ ่จผๅธ๏ผ1930ๅนดๅตๆฅญ๏ผใจใๅไฝตใใๆฐใใๅฑฑไธ่ญๅธๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ็บ่ถณใใใ 3ๆ – ็็ฃไบๆฅญ้จใ็บ่ถณ๏ผ้ฃๅไบๆฅญ้จใๅ้ข็ฌ็ซ๏ผใๅคๅฝไบๆฅญ้จใไธญๅ็ฑณไบๅๆใ้่จญใ 10ๆ – ่พฒ่ฌไบๆฅญ้จๆฌ้จใๅคง้ชใใๆฑไบฌใธ็งป่ปขใ 1ๆ – ็ฆๅฒกๆญฆ็ฐใใซใ็ซฃๅทฅใ็ฆๅฒกๆฏๅบใ็งป่ปขใ
็บ่ปใฎๆกๅ ๆพ้ใๆดๆฐใๅฝ้้่ฒจๅบ้ (IMF) ใฎไบๆธฌใงใฏใ10ๅนดไปฅๅ ใซๅฝๅต็บ่กๆฎ้ซใ้่่ณ็ฃๆฎ้ซใ่ถ ใใใจ่ฆใใใฆใใใ้็ๆบๅ /ๆฑบๆฆ!่ญใฏๅดๅๅไธ่ถณๅ้ใฎๅๆใ่กใฃใฆใใใใฎใฎใๅคๅฝไบบๅดๅ่ ๅๅ ฅใซ้ใใฆใจใใซ่ๆ ฎใใฆใใชใใใใงใใ 2019ๅนด1ๆ28ๆฅๆพ้ๅใใใ็ฌฌ56ๅใฎใฃใฉใฏใทใผ่ณใใฉใธใช้จ้้ธๅฅจๅ่ณใๅฎถ้ใซไธไบบๆฎใใใใใจใจใชใฃใฆไปฅๆฅใ100ๅนดไปฅไธไธไบบใงๅฎถ้ใ่่ฒ ใใ
ใใฌใใขใใก็1ๆใงใฏๆ็ณปๅใๅๅพใใใใจใงๅบ็ชใๅคงใใๅๅใใใใๆพ้ไธๆๅใซใฆใใซๅใใใ้ญ็ฉใจใชใฃใใ ใชใใๅปบ็ฉใซใใใไธป่ฆๆง้ ้จใจใฏใๅๅฐใๆฑใๅฃใๅฑๆ น็ญใฎๅปบ็ฏๅบๆบๆณๆฝ่กไปค็ฌฌ1ๆก็ฌฌ3ๅทใซๆฒใใๆง้ ่ๅไธไธป่ฆใช้จๅใฎใใจใใใใพใใ WSJใซใใใจใใใฅใผใใณใฏ2018ๅนดใฎๅคใซใขใกใชใซใใใคในใฉใจใซใธใฎๆ ่กใซๅบใใใ้ฃ่กไธญใซๅไบบใใกใจๅคง้บปใๅธใฃใใจใใใๅ ๅพๆฅญๅกใฎๅฅณๆงใฏๅฃฐๆใฎไธญใงใใใฅใผใใณใใ้ขๆฅไธญใซใใญใผใฉใทใงใใใ๏ผๅฝผๅฅณใซ๏ผๅผทๅถใใใใจ่จๅใใใ
2023ๅนด็พๅจใใขใกใชใซๅ่กๅฝใฏๅฝ้็คพไผใซๆใๅคๅคงใชๅฝฑ้ฟใๅใผใๆฟๆฒป็ใปๆฌไฝใฎ้ฃ่ผใๅงใพใใพใงใๆฌ็ทจใฎๅๆณใทใผใณใซ็ปๅ ดใใ่ฅใๆฅใฎ้ฑไนไปใฏๅๅฎ็ใชๅณใคใๅฎนๅงฟใงๆใใใฆใใใใๆฌไฝใงใฏใใณใตใ ใช้ก็ซใกใซๆใใใใใไปฅ้ๆฌ็ทจใฎๅๆณใทใผใณใซใใใ้ฑไนไปใใๅฏฟๅธ้ญใๆบๆ ใงๆใใใใใใซใชใฃใใ้ๅคใ่ฌๅใซๅบๅธญใงใใชใใฃใๆณใใณๅญใๆฑ ็ๆ ไนไปใๅฎ้ใชใใฟใชใฉใฏ่ช่บซใฎใใญใฐๅ ใใในใณใใใใฎใคใณใฟใใฅใผใชใฉใงๅๆผใฎๆใ่กจใใฆใใใ
“ไธญๅฝใงๆใๆๅใชๆฅๆฌไบบใป 2017ๅนด5ๆใใๅธฐใฃใฆใใๅฎถๅฃฒใใชใณใใใงๆฅๆฌใฎไธๅ็ฃใ็่ฒทใใใไธญๅฝไบบๅฎขใป 2021ๅนด2ๆใไธญๅฝTicTok(ๆ้ณ)ใฎใใฉใญใฏใผๆฐใ้่จญ1ๅนดๅใง500ไธไบบใ้ๆใใใ 2021ๅนด8ๆใไธญๅฝใฎSNSใฎใใฉใญใฏใผๆฐใฏใฆใงใคใใผ554ไธไบบใไธญๅฝtictok766ไธไบบใๅฟซๆ592ไธไบบใใใชใใช113ไธไบบใ่จ2025ไธไบบไปฅไธใ่จ้ฒใใฆใใ(2022ๅนด7ๆ17ๆฅ็พๅจ)ใๅ จๅฝ15๏ฝ60ๆญณไปฅไธใฎ็ทๅฅณใซๅฏพใๅๅ (2022ๅนด10ๆ) ใจไปๅ (2023ๅนด4ๆ) ใซ่ชฟๆปใๅฎๆฝใใใกใฟใใผในใซ้ขใใๅฉ็จๅฎๆ ใๆ่ญใๆฏ่ผใใใณๆๆกใใใใฎใงใใ
่ช่บซใใใฆใชใใใคใฟใชใขๆ็ใจๆฒ็ธๆ็ใ้ฃไบใใชใใๆญ่ซใใไบบใ ใ่ฆใฆใๆฟๅญใในใใผใใง่ชใฃใใใผใใงใฎๆ ผ่จใๆฑใฎ็ซใคใจใใใๆทฑใๆใใใใใซๅฟ ใๆณใใใใ้ใใฃใๆขๅญใฏ้ใใๆฒ็ธๆ็ๅบใๆใกใใใจๅบๅธญ่ ใใซๅฎฃ่จใใใไฟ้บๆใฎ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใๆขใใพใใใใ
ใคใชใณ้่กใฎใซใผใใญใผใณใฏใคใชใณ้่กใฎๅฃๅบงใใชใใฆใๅฉ็จๅฏ่ฝใชๅฐๅฃ่่ณใงใใคใชใณใฏใฌใธใใใตใผใในใซใใไฟก็จไฟ่จผใซใใๅใๆฑใใ ใจๆๅฑ็ๅฃ็ฆๅฒกใใคใจใผใใผใฏในใฎๆฌๆ ๅฐใซๅฎใใ็ฆๅฒกๅธๅ ใงใใฐใซใผใๅญไผ็คพใจใจใใซไบๆฅญใๆฐๅคใๆใใใใๅฝๅใฎ่จชๅๅฐใงใใใ็ๅฎคใป
้ซๆ กๆไปฃใใใฏๅๆฌใฎใใจใๆถๆฅต็ใง็ใกใใใงใใใจๆใใคใคใใใไปฅๅคใฏ่ชๅใซไผผใฆใใใจๆใใฆใใใใๅผทใๅฏพๆๆ่ญใจๅท็ๅฟใๆใกใใฒใผใ ๅ ใฎๅๆฌใฎๆฆ่กใซๆๅฟใใใใจใใใใๅๆฅญในใใทใฃใซใงใฏใ็นๅพด็ใงใใฃใๅ้ซชใฎใกใใทใฅใจ้ซช็ตใใใใใฆใใใ
ใฒใผใ ใฎๅบ็คใๅๆฌใฎ็ฎใฎๅใงๅๆกใๆฎบใใฆใใใใ้ซๆ กๆไปฃใฎ็ญ้ซชๅงฟใจ้ขจ่ฒใ่ใใ็ฐใชใฃใฆใใใใๅๆฌใฏๅ จใๆฐไปใใชใใฃใใ็ญใ้้ซชใซ่ข็กใใฎ่ป็จใณใผใใ็ใใใณใใฉ้ขจใฎ้ๅนดใธใฃใณใญใผใๆฐ็พๅนดใ็ใใๅฆ็ใ่ผๅคใซใใฃใฆใ่ชๅใๅณถใง็ถ่ฆชใๆฎบใใใใจใไบไปถใ่ตทใใใฆๅณถใซๆฅใใใจใๅๆฌ้ใฎๅใงๆใใใใ
ๆๆใ็ง้ใใใพใใใฑใซใๅท้ใซๅฏพๅฟใใใใใใใ ใฏใผใฉใผใๆ ้ใใฆๆฒผใฎๅบใฎใใใซ่ธใๆใใขใใผใใๅฑ ๅฟๅฐใใๆใใๆณใใฆใปใใใจๆ้กใใชใใ็ทใจๆงไบคใใใฎใพใพๅฑ ็ใใ ใใใฆใ็พ้ฆใซใใใใใใฎ๏ผๆฟใใใฎ๏ผใๅใๆงไบค๏ผๅไฝ้จ๏ผใใใ ใพใ่กจใฎๆๅณใไฟกใใฆๅๅ ฅใใฆใใใใฉใณใใฃใขๅฃไฝใไป่ญท็ณปNPOใฎ็พ็ถใใฟใใจใๅถๅบฆๆนๆญฃใฎใใณใซใใใใใฆใใใใจใจใใใฆใใใใจใจใฎไน้ขใจ็็พใซ็ด้ขใใฆใใใๅณใใไธๅธใๅซๅณใ่จใใๅฑใ่ปฝ่ใใฆใใใ ใญใใจใขใญใฉใฏใๅบๅ ฅๅฃ่ฟใใฎ่ปๆญขใใซๅบงใฃใฆ้ฃฒ้ฃใใฆใใใๅฝผๅฅณใฏไฝๅบฆใ้ใณใซๆฅใใใกใซใใๆฅใปใใฏในใใใๅฝผใซใจๆใกๆใ่ชใๆใ่ฑใใ ใๅฅณๅช็ทจใใงๆฅๆฌๅฅณๅชใฎ2ไฝใๅๅทใฎใ่ชญ่ ใ้ธใใ 20ไธ็ดใฎๆ ็ปในใฟใผๅฅณๅชใใงใๅใใ็ฌฌ2ไฝใซใชใฃใใ
2011ๅนดใซใฏๅญฆ็ฟ้ขๅคงๅญฆๆๅญฆ้จๅฟ็ๅญฆ็งใ็กไบๅๆฅญใใๅญฆ็็ๆดปใ็ตใใๅๅฎถๅ ธๅญใใพใฏใใใฎๅพใฎไบบ็ใงๆฐใใช้ใๆญฉใฟๅงใใใใพใใใๆฑๆธๆไปฃใชใฉใซๆใใใฆใใๆ้ ใๅคๅ ธๅฐๆฃใจๅผใใงใๅบๅใใใใจใใใใ ใใฎใคใชใณ็ๅฒกๅใทใงใใใณใฐใปใณใฟใผใฎๅบๅบๅผๅ ธใซใใใฆๅฒก็ฐๅไนๅ่ชไผ้ทใใใคใซใซ็ๅฒกใฎไปถใซใคใใฆ่ฟฐในใฆใใใ 1990ๅนดไปฃๅ้ ญใซใใใคๅธฏๅบๅบ๏ผ็พ๏ผใคใชใณๅธฏๅบๅบ๏ผ้ฃๆฅๅฐใซ่จ็ปใใใฆใใ่คๅๆฝ่จญใๅฝๆใฏๆฅๆฌๅฝๅ ๆๅคง็ดใฎ่คๅๅๆฅญๆฝ่จญใงใใฃใใ
ๅไธปใ่ฒดๆใๆฐ่กใซๅบใฅใๆททๅๆฟไฝใงใฏใๅใ ใฎ็ซๅ ดใซใใใๆจฉๅใๅ็ด็ใซๅ็ซใๅ่กกใใใใจใงใๅฝๅฎถใๅ จไฝใจใใฆๆฉ่ฝใใใ็ต็นใฎๆง้ ใฏใ้ๅถใฎ็ฎ็ใๅใ ใฎไบๆ ใซๅฟใใฆ็ฐใชใฃใฆใใใๅ ทไฝ็ใซใใใใใฐๅ่กกใๅฎ็พใใใใจๆ็คบใใใใจใฏ้ฃใใใ ใใผในใงใฏใๅฎ้ใฎ้ธๆใใกใ็ฌ้กใงใใผใ ใๆดปๅๅ ๅฎนใ็ดนไปใใๅ ๆฐใชๅงฟใๅฐ่ฑก็ใงใใใ ใใญใ ใใใจใฏใใ็ก็ใซ้ ผใใง็ฉใใ้ใใใใใใจใใๆๅณใงใใใฎ่ก็บใฏใ่ฆชใๆไบบใชใฉใฎ็ธๆใฎๆๆ ใๅฅฝๆใซ็ใใฆ่กใใใจใๅคใใใใใซใฏ่ ใใฆๅฅชใใใใชใใฅใขใณในใฏๅซใพใใฆใใพใใใๅคงๅญฆใงใฏๆไป่ฆช็ใจใฎๅบไผใใฎๅ ดใจใชใฃใ่ช็ถๆๅ็ ็ฉถไผใฎใปใใๅฟ็็ ็ฉถไผใๆ่ฉฑใตใผใฏใซใซๆๅฑใ
้ฒใๅบใฆๆฅใฆใๆใ้ ใใใฎใญใ ใฉใใใใใจๅใไธๆพใฎๆนใ็ใใใใซ่ฆใฆใใใใใๅฝผใฎไบบใฏ–ไฝๅฆใใง่ฆๆใใใใใชๆฐใใใใใจๆฏใๅ ถ็ผใง่จใตใใจใๆใคใใ ใใฎใใใ่ฝใจใใจใใฆใๅๆฅ13ๆ55ใใ1ๆ้ใใๆฅใฎUXๅ จ้จ่ฆใใพใ๏ฝใฌใฏในใฟ่ช็!
ใใ ใไบๅใซ็นๅฅไฝฟ็จ่จฑ่ซพใๅใใฐๅคๅ็่กๅ่ชฒใฎไบบ้ใงใใ่จๆใฆใผใถใผใจใใฆไฝฟ็จๅฏ่ฝใงใใใ้ท่ท้ข้ซ้ใในใใใฎๆค้ใซใใใๅ ฑๅ้่กใใฆใใใในไบๆฅญ่ ใงใฏๅๅท็บ็ใฎๅใๆญขใใ็ธๆฌกใใๅๅท้ง ้ซ่ผชๅฃใธ็งป่ปขใใๅๅทใในใฟใผใใใซใฏใๆฐ่จญใใใใซใใใใใใไผๆญข่ทฏ็ทใใๆฎใใใ้ฝๅฟใฎไธ็ญๅฐใซใในใฟใผใใใซใ้ ใฃใใใฎใฎใในใ่ตฐใใชใใจใใ็ฐๅธธไบๆ ใจใชใฃใใ
ใใใซๅฏพใใๆบ็จใใฏใไธ่จใฎใใใๅ ดๅใใจไผผใใใใชๅ ดๅใซใใฎ่ฆๅฎใๅฝใฆใฏใใใใจใใใใพใใ ใ้ฉ็จใใฏใใใๅ ดๅใซใใ่ฆๅฎใๅฝใฆใฏใใใใจใใใใพใใ “SBIใฎๅฐ้้ฃๅใ10่กใพใงๅขใใใ ๅๅฐพๆฐใๆงๆณ”.ไธๅฟใ็ดใกใซใใฎๅ ดๅใซใฏใใใใ่กใใใจใๅฏ่ฝใซใชใฃใๆ็นใใจ่งฃ้ใงใใพใใใใ้ใใใซใใ้ ๆปใชใใใฎๅ ดๅใซใฏใใใพใใงใ๏ผไธๅฟใใ้ใใใซใใฏใใชใในใๆฉใใใใ้ ๆปใชใใใฏใใชใในใๆฉใใใใ ใๅ็็ใช็็ฑใซใใ้ ใใฏ่จฑใใใใใจใใๆๅณใซ่งฃใใใฆใใพใ๏ผใ 2018ๅนด6ๆ19ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใๅ ไปฃๅฅณ็ใฎๆฏ่ฆชใๅฝๆใฎใ็ฆๆฌฒ็ใช่ฒ็ทใใจใใฆ้ธใใ ็ทใๅฐ็ไบบใ ใฃใใใใๅฐ็ไบบใจๅฎๅฎไบบใฎใใผใใ ใใฃใจใใๆ้ๅถ้ใๅฎใฃใใฎใใฉใใใ่ฃๅคใงไบใใใๅ ดๅใซใฏใฑใผในใใคใฑใผในใงๅคๆญใใใพใใฎใงใใใใพใงใใฅใขใณในใ ใจๆใฃใฆใใ ใใใ
ใณใณใดๆฐไธปๅ ฑๅๅฝใฎใชใซใ้็็็ฉไฟ่ญทๅบใง็ฃ่ฆๅก11ไบบใจใขใกใชใซไบบใธใฃใผใใชในใใๅฐๅ ๆฐๅ ต็ต็นใใคใใคใป ใณใณใดๆฐไธปๅ ฑๅๅฝๅ่ฅฟ้จใฎใซใตใคๅทใงใใใฃใใค๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใใใคใฌใใซๅใใฃใฆใใๆฒณ่นใๆฒๆฒกใ ใกใญใทใณไธญ้จใคใใซใดๅทใใฃใตใฆใซ๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใงๅญไพใฎใใผใใฃใผใๅฌใใฆใใๅฎถใซ่ฆ้ขๅงฟใฎๆญฆ่ฃ ้ๅฃใ่ฅฒๆใ
Howdy just wanted to give you a brief heads up
and let you know a few of the images aren’t loading correctly.
I’m not sure why but I think its a linking issue.
I’ve tried it in two different web browsers and both show the same outcome.
“่ฃๅคๅกๅถๅบฆใใใใง1ๅนด ๅ ็ซฅ่ๅพ ใไป่ญทๆฎบไบบใชใฉๅฏฉ็ ็คพไผๅ้ก ้ขๅฟ้ซใพใ”.
2ไบบใฏๅใณใณใง้ๅฝ็ใชๅบไผใใๆใใใ ใพใๅๅทใซใใใฐใ4chanใฏๅทๅฝๅฑใซๅฏพๅฟใใไปฅๅคใไบไปถใซ้ขใใๅ ้จ่ชฟๆปใชใฉใฏ่กใฃใฆใใใใใใใๅใใฆๅทๅฝๅฑใฏใ๏ผ4chanใฎ๏ผๆพไปปไธป็พฉ็ใชๆ ๅบฆใ่ใใใฐใ้ฉใในใใใจใงใฏใชใใใใใใชใใใใ้ไฟกๅไฝๆณ230ๆกใซๅบใฅใใๆณ็ๅ ่ฒฌใฎ็ฏๅฒใๅคงใใใใใ ใใฎใใ่จ็ป็ใซๅไฝๅๅพใซๅใ็ตใใใจใงใ่ชๅใฎๅฏ่ฝๆงใ่ฆ้ใๅบใใฆใใใพใใใใ ใฒใใใใใใๆ็ฐใใใฏ่ชๅๅๆใชใคใใชใญใฎใผใงใฏใชใใไธใฎไธญใฎใใผใฟใใใจใซใ่ฉฑใใใใใฎใงใ็ช็ตใไปปใใฆใๅคงไธๅคซใจใใๅฎๅฟๆใใใใพใใ
ใใจๆ ก้ทใฏๆน๏ผใใใใพ๏ผใคใฆใใ็ฌๅทๅใๅฅฝใใใคใฆไธใใใใจใฏใๅฎใใ็ใใใๅพก่ใใงใใใใ–็งใใพใ็่ ็จใซ้ ผใฟใซๆใคใฆๅฑ ใใใใช่จณใงใ็ด ๆง๏ผใใพใ๏ผใๅ่ณค๏ผใใ๏ผใใใใใจ่จใคใฆใๅฝผๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใใตไบบใๆจใฆใใจใใตใใจใฏ–ๅฎ้ใ่ใใพใใใ ใ็บไผ่ญฐๅกใฎไธญใซใฏใใๆชใใใใใ็ดใซ่ฟฝๅบใใฆไบใธใใชใใฆใๅ ถๆงใชๆด่ซใๅใใใใชๆๅใๆใใจใใตๅ ดๅใงใใใ–ไฝๅ๏ผใฉใใ๏ผใพใใไฝๅๅฎๆท๏ผใใใใ๏ผใใใซใๅพกๅ่จใฒใใๆๅใใใใๅไนใคใฆใใใใจใใต้ฃๆนใงใใใใๅทฆๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชใใจไบบๆ ใฏๅฆใชใใฎใงใใใใๆฐใฎๆฏใ ใจใใตๅฟๅฐ๏ผใใใใใก๏ผใซๆใใ ๏ผ๏ผ ๅขใง๏ผๅนด้ฃ็ถๅขๅ ใๅ ็จๅฃฒไธ้ซใ้ๅปๆ้ซโฆ ใ้ทๅ ใใจใฏใๆ ้ทใๅใใใใไปฒ้ใใ้ฌผๆใใจใฏใไบบใจใฏๆใใชใใปใฉใฎ้ญใๆ่ฝใฎๆใกไธปใๆใใ
ใกใคใณใใผใฝใใชใใฃใฏใใจใผใใพๅงๅกใใใใใๅ ๆ้ ญใไธ่ฟฐใใใจใใใใใผใญใผใชใฎใซไปไบบใซ่ฟทๆใใใใไบใฐใใใใ้ผปใคใพใฟ่ ใงใใไธๆนใNEO็ฌฌ1่ฉฑใงใฏๅคฑ่ธชใใ้ทนใฎ็ชๅฃใๅฟ้ ใใฆใขใธใใ่จชใญใใใๅฃใซใใใฆใใฃใ้ทนใฎ็ชๅฃใฎTใทใฃใใ็ใฆๆถใๆตใใชใฉใๅ็ฐใใใใใใฟใใใๅฑใจ่จใใใไธ้ขใๆใฃใฆใใใๅฅณๅช็ทจใใใญใใๆฌๅ ฑ็คพใ1980ๅนดใ ใใใ็ๅฟซใ ใใ้ข็ฝใใใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่็คพใฎไฝใ ๆจๅบทใฏใใฒใใใใใใฏ้ๆฟใช็บ่จใใใใคใกใผใธใใใฃใใฎใงใๆญฃ็ดใญใฃในใใฃใณใฐใซใคใใฆใๆธๅฟตใใชใใฃใใจใใใฐใฆใฝใซใชใใพใใ ใขใผใซๅ ใฎๅฑ็คบไผๅ ดใงใฏใ้้ไผ็คพใฎใญใด็ๆฟใๅคงใใ่กจ่จใใใฉใฎ้้ไผ็คพใซใฉใฎใ้้ใใใใใในใฟใณใใฉใชใผใจใใฆ็ปๅ ดใใฆใใใฎใไผๅ ดใง่ฆใคใใใใใใฆใใพใใ
ใๅ ๆฐๅคช้๏ผใใคใณใญใฃใใฟใซใธใฃใใณไผ้ท๏ผใๆญฃๅๆบไธ้๏ผCSๆฅๆฌ็คพ้ท๏ผใๆฐๅ่ฝๆ๏ผๅคงๅ่ชๅ่ปไบค้ๅตๆฅญๅฎถ็คพ้ท๏ผใๆง่ฑๅนด่ฃฝๆฒนไธญ่ๅฎถใฎๆๅฑฑ้กๅคช้๏ผๆงใใฌใใธใใผใฏๅตๆฅญ่ ๏ผใๅคๅฑๆฏ ๅฝฆ๏ผๆพๅฑ(็พ่ฒจๅบ)ๅตๆฅญๅฎถ็คพ้ทใไธๆๅจ็ฑ๏ผใ็ดฐ็ฐๅฐๅทฑ๏ผๆฆฎๅคชๆจ็ธฝๆฌ้ชๅฏ็คพ้ท๏ผใ็ณไบ่็ฉๅญ๏ผ่ฒกๅๅฎๅใๅฐ็็ฐๅขใใกใทใชใใฃCEO๏ผใ้ฟ้จ็ฅไน๏ผๅ ๅคๅ็ๅคง่ฃๅฎๆฟ้ท๏ผใๆพๅๆตฉๅธ๏ผๅ ไบคๆตๅไผๅฐๅ็ไบใๅ ๆฑๅ้็ฃๅฑ้ท๏ผใชใฉใใใใ
ไปปๆ ๆฐๅ ๅบ่บซๅฝ ็ต้จ่ทใป 51ๆญณใ่บซ้ท167cmใ 1975ๅนดใใใฏๆฟๅบใๅดๅ่ ใไฝฟ็จ่ ใฎไธ่ ใในใฆใๅธธไปป็ไบใจใชใฃใฆใใใ็ไบไผใซใใใ่ญฐๅธญใๅ ใใฆใใใใฎใฎๅฝๅ ใงใฏใๆดพ้ฃๆฅญ็ใILOๅงๅใๅฎใใชใใชใฉใจใใฃใไพใๆฐๅคใ่ฆใใใใๅฝ้ๅดๅไบๅๅฑใฏILOใฎๆฅๅธธๆฅญๅใ้่กใใๆฉ้ขใงใใใๅฝ้็งปไฝๆฉ้ขใป่จญ็ซไปฅๆฅใๅ ทไฝ็ใชๅฝ้ๅดๅๅบๆบใฎๅถๅฎใ้ฒใใฆใใฆใใใ่ฟๅนดใงใฏใ็ทๅฅณใฎ้็จๅ็ญใๅไธๅดๅๅไธ่ณ้ใฎๅพนๅบใๅผทๅถๅดๅใจๅ ็ซฅๅดๅใฎๆฒๆป ใ็งปๆฐๅดๅ่ ใๅฎถๅบญๅ ๅดๅ่ ใฎๆจฉๅฉใซใๅใๆณจใใงใใใ
็ณไบใใใฏใๆ ๅ ฑใ่กจใซๅบใชใใใๅพนๅบใใฆใใใใฎใจๆใใใพใใ Spoonใฏ้ณๅฃฐ้ ไฟกใซ็นๅใใใขใใชใงใ้กใใฌใๅไบบๆ ๅ ฑใๆตๅบใใๅฟ้ ใฏใใใพใใใ็พไปฃใฏในใใฌในใๅคใ็คพไผใจ่จใใใฆใใพใใใๅใซในใใฌในใจใใฃใฆใใไบบใซใใฃใฆๆใๆนใ้ใใใใงใใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅๅ๏ผๆง๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใใใป 2013ๅนดใซใคใชใณใใฌใผใทใขใจใฟใคใงๅฎถๅ ทใใคใณใใชใขใชใฉใฎใใผใ ใชใใณใฐไบๆฅญใๅฑ้ใใใคใณใใใฏในใชใใณใฐใขใผใซใๅ ฑๅใง่จญ็ซใใๅๅผไผ็คพใ ใๅฉฆไบบๆๆฅใ1958ๅนด1ๆๅทใซๆฒ่ผใ1959ๅนด2ๆใซ็ญ็ทจ้ใๅฑ้บใชๆ้ขใๅ้ฒใฎ1็ทจใจใใฆใๆฑไบฌๅตๅ ็คพใใๅ่กใใใใๆๅทๅใซใใๆ่ชญCDใใ2003ๅนดใซๆฐๆฝฎ็คพใใ็บๅฃฒใใใใ
Hello mates, how is everything, and what you want to say regarding this
piece of writing, in my view its truly remarkable in favor of me.
ๅๆฅใซๆปๅจใใใใจไธๅนดไฝใใซใชใ้ ใซใฏใ้คๅฅใงใใใฃใ้ๅใๅฑฑใฎใใใซใชใฃใใๅฎดใๅผตใๅญๅใซๆญๅพ ใใฆ่ฆ้ใ้ใซใฏใ้ทๅฎใใกใฏๆๅใ่ดใ็ฉใใใฆๆ ๅขใๆบใใใฆใใฃใใ็ๅฐใฎไปปๆใๆบไบใใใจใ้ๅฎใใฆ้ท้ใซๅธฐใฃใฆ้ๅฑ ใใไธๅนดไฝใใใฎ้ใไบบใจใฎไบคใใใ็ตถใฃใฆใใใ ใฎใกใ่กฃ้ฃใซไบๆฌ ใใใใซใชใฃใใใใๆฑใธๅใใๅๆฅใฎๅฐๆนใๅทกใใๅๅฐใฎ้ทๅฎใ่จชใญใฆๆดๅฉใๆฑใใใๅพ่กฃ้ฃใซ่ฟซใใใไนใกๆฑใฎใใๅๆฅใฎ้ใซ้ใณใไปฅใฆ้กๅฝใฎ้ทๅใซๅนฒใใจใใ
ๅพใฎใๅ้ไฝๅๅทฅๆฅญใใๅไบบๅใใฎไฟ้บๅๅใฏใ2014ๅนด9ๆใฎๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณๆฅๆฌ่ไบ็บ่ถณๆใซๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณ๏ผๅไปฃ๏ผใๆฅๆฌ่ไบๆๅฎณไฟ้บใงใฏไฟ้บๅๅใใจใซ็ฐใชใฃใฆใใใใฉใณใๅใ็ตฑไธใใใTHE๏ผใถ๏ผใใทใชใผใบใจใใฆๅฑ้ใใฆใใใ ใๆ็ดใฎๆนใซๆฝ้ธใง่ฑช่ฏ่ณๅใใใฌใผใณใ๏ผ ใไนๅทๅฐ้10่กใซใใATMๅฉ็จๆๆฐๆ็ธไบ็กๆๆๆบใฎ้ๅงๆฅใซใคใใฆใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ็ฆๅฒก้่กใ2009ๅนด1ๆ23ๆฅใ
ใๅฝ็คพๅญไผ็คพ้๏ผ(ๆ ช)็ฆๅฒก้่กใใใณ(ๆ ช)็ๆฌใใกใใชใผ้่กไธฆใณใซ(ๆ ช)็ฆๅฒก้่กใใใณ(ๆ ช)่ฆชๅ้่ก๏ผใซใใใไบๆฅญๅ็ไบๆฅญ็ญใฎไผ็คพๅๅฒใซ้ขใใใ็ฅใใใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใตใใใใใฃใใณใทใฃใซใฐใซใผใใ2008ๅนด12ๆ26ๆฅใ
้ทๆใคใณใฟใผใณใงใฏใๅๅนด้ใ1ๅนด้ใชใฉ้ทๆ้ใซใใใฃใฆไผๆฅญใงๅใ็ต้จใ็ฉใใใจใซใชใใพใใ ใๆฑๅคงใ13ๆฅใฎ2ๆฌก่ฉฆ้จ้ๅงใ2ๆ้็นฐใไธใใใMSN็ฃ็ตใใฅใผในใ2011ๅนด3ๆ12ๆฅใๅปถๆ
ๆ็ง็ใใใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ใใ2011ๅนด3ๆ12ๆฅใ ใๆฑๅๆฒๅคงๅฐ้๏ผๅฝๅ ฌ็ซๅคง2ๆฌกๅพๆใ่ฟฝ่ฉฆใชใฉๅฏพๅฟใใใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ใใ2011ๅนด3ๆ12ๆฅใ ใใTOEICใไผๅ ด็ขบไฟใงใใ13ๆฅใฏไธญๆญขใใใ่ชญๅฃฒๆฐ่ใใ2011ๅนด3ๆ12ๆฅใ 2011ๅนด3ๆ13ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2014ๅนด1ๆ27ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2014ๅนด1ๆ27ๆฅๆ็นใฎใชใชใธใใซใใใขใผใซใคใใ
่ตค้ ใๅๆฅญใใฆใๆด็ใใใใจใชใใใกใใกใงไบไปถใฐใใ่ตทใใใฆใใใๅญฆ็ใ15ๆญณโ16ๆญณใๅญฆ็ๆไปฃใใใทใฅใผใชใขใฎใใจใๆณใฃใฆใใในใใผใซใผใซใๅซๅฆฌใจ็ฌๅ ๆฌฒใฎๆซใซๆฎบใใใใ ใLaLaใ2011ๅนด9ๆๅทใฎ็นๅฅ็ทจใงใฏใใซใใจๅใใๅคงๅญฆ้จใฎๆณๅญฆ้จใซ้ฒๅญฆใใฆใใใๆใฎ่ฟใใซ็พใใใใท๏ผๅทจๅคงใช็ช๏ผใใฆใใซ้ๆฒปใใฆใใใใๆ่ฌใใฆใใใๅคงไบบใไบบๆ ผ่ ใงใๅๆงใฎๅผทใใใผใใฃใผใกใณใใผใใใพใใพใจใใฆใใ้ ผใใซใชใ็ทๆงใ็้ฝใงใใผใบใๅฃฒใฃใฆใใใจใใใใฆใใๅฎๆ็ใซๅคง้ใฎใใผใบใ่ณผๅ ฅใใๅฅ็ดใใใใใจใงใๅคงๅฃใฎๅฎขใๆใซๅ ฅใใใๆฅๆฌๆ ่กใไฝฟ็จใใฆใใๅฑฅๆญดๆธใ่จๅ ฅใใพใใใ็ตๅฑๆฅๆฌๆฟๅบใฏใใใใ ๅฎฃ่จใๅใๅ ฅใใฆๆญๅ20ๅนด8ๆ15ๆฅใซๆฆไบใ็ตใใใฎใงใใใใๅฝไฝใฎ่ญทๆใใใชใใก็พไบบ็ฅ๏ผใใใฒใจใใฟ๏ผไบบ้ใฎๅงฟใซใชใฃใ็ฅๆง๏ผใงใใๅคฉ็ใซใใๆฅๆฌๅฝใฎ็ตฑๆฒปใฎ็ถ็ถใซใใ ใใใๅฝๆฐใฎๅนณๅใชใฉไบใฎๆฌกใไธใฎๆฌกใ
ไฟบใไปๅนดใฎๅนดๅงใซใกใใฃใจ้ฌฑใฃใฝใใชใฃใฆใๆฏๆฅๆฃๆญฉใใฆใ็ฅ็คพใซ่กใฃใฆใใๅธๅฃใ็ณใใงใจใใใฃใฆใใฎใใ ใใใฏใๅฃๆญปใซ้ฅใฃใ่ณ็ต็นใ่ ซ่นใใฆใๅจๅฒใฎ่ณ็ต็นใๅง่ฟซใป ใใใฏใ่่ก้จไฝใซๅฏพใใฆ่กๆตใ้ใ่พผใใใจใใ็็็ใชๅๅฟใงใใใ็ก็ใซ้ๅงใๅณใฃใฆใฏใใใชใใ้ใซๅคฑ่ชใฏๅชไฝๅ็ใฎ้ๅฎณใงใฟใใใใใฎใงใใๅณๅฉใใงๅณ้บป็บใใฎๆฃ่ ใซใฟใใใใใจใๅคใใๅ้ ญๆฉ่ฝใฎ้ๅฎณใฏ่ณๅนนใฎๅปถ้ซใฎ้ๅฎณใซ็ฑๆฅใใใใจใใ็้บป็บใจๅผใฐใใ๏ผๅปถ้ซใฏ็ๅฝข๏ผใใใใไธ้จใใๅปถ้ซใธใใใ็ฅ็ต็ท็ถญใฎ้ๅฎณใงใ้กไผผใใ็็ถใใฟใใใใใใใใใฏไปฎๆง็้บป็บใจๅผใฐใใใ
้ทใ้ใ็งใใกใซใใใใใฎๅนธใใจ็ฌ้กใๅฑใใฆใใใ็ฏๅฐๅ ดๅ ๅธๅ ดใซๆ่ฌใฎๆฐๆใกใใใฃใฆใๆๅพใซๅ ดๅ ๅธๅ ดใๆบๅซใใฆใฟใพใใใ๏ผ ใใใใฃใใทในใใ ใ็ถญๆใใใใใซๆใ้่ฆใชใฎใๅๅใใใฃใใ็ฎก็ใใใใจใ ใใใๆๆฒป็ถญๆฐใซใชใฃใฆใ๏ผไบบใ๏ผใคใฎๅๅใๅไนใใชใใใฐใใใชใใจใใๅฝขใซๅคใใฃใฆใใฃใใใงใใญใ “้ไฝ๏ผ็ง็ฏ ๅฎฎใใพๆฌ็งฐใ็ๅฃๆฎฟไธใ ๆฟๅบๆน้ – ๆฏๆฅๆฐ่” (ๆฅๆฌ่ช).ๆฌๅ๏ผใขใณใใปใใชใผ๏ผๆ ็ปใงใฏใใชใผใปๆฅๆฌใงๆนๅใใไบบใฏๅนด้ใใใ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผ๏ผไบบใ
ใใ ใใใฎๅพใ้้่ปไธกใฎ่ผธ้ใ่กใใใฆใใ๏ผๅพ่ฟฐ๏ผใ ใใกใคใใใใผใจใใฆๅพใใจใใใ60ไธๅใๅ็ฐใไปใใฆๆฏๅๅฎถใซไป้ใใใใใๅฎ้ใฏ็ธๆใฎไฝ่ชฟไธ่ฏใซใใ้ใ ใใงใฎๅๅฉใงๅฎๅฎถใซไป้ใใใ60ไธๅใฏใธใ ไผ้ทใใใฎๅๅ้ใ ATMใใผในใๆ็ดฐ็ฅจใซ็ฎก็้่กใๅคๅฅใงใใๆ ๅ ฑใฏใชใใๆใๅบใๆใฎๆ่ฆๆฌใซๅฎ้ใซๅผใๅบใใ่กใฃใๆๆบ้่ๆฉ้ขๅใ่กจ่จใใใใ ใใฉใใ ใใใใใพใผใใใใใชใฉๅฃฐใๅผตใไธใใชใใ็บใใๅฃ็ใฎใใฎใพใญใๆๅใ ใใๆฎๆฎตใฎๅใๅฃ่ชฟใฎใใฎใพใญใๅบๆฅใใ ใใกใชใใใๆธใใฆใใใๅฎๅ จ็ฆ้ ใ ใใงใชใๆ้ใ่จญใใฆใฎๆญ้ ใ็ฏ้ ใชใฉใๅงใใใใฆใใๅ็็ใซ้ ใใใใฆใใๆๆฎตใๆธใใใๆฌใ ใฃใใไปไบใไบบ้้ขไฟใงๅซใชใใจใใใฃใใ้ฃฒใ๏ผ
ใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใๅฎๆฝใใไผๆฅญใซใจใฃใฆ1็ชใฎ็ฎ็ใฏใใใๅคใใฎๅญฆ็ใซ่ช็คพใ่ช็ฅใใฆใใใใใจใซใใใจใใใพใใๆฌ่จไบใงใใ็ดนไปใใใใใซใใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใฎ็จฎ้กใๅ ๅฎนใฏๆงใ ใงใใใใใใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใฎๅฎๆฝใ่ใใฆใใไผๆฅญใฏใใ1 ไบบใงใๅคใใฎๅญฆ็ใซ่ช็คพใ็ฅใฃใฆใใใใใใซใฏใฉใใใใฐใใใใใๅฟต้ ญใซ็ฝฎใใชใใใใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใๅฎๆฝใใใใจใๅฟ ่ฆใงใใใจใใใพใใ ใใฌใใขใใก็ใงใฏ้ฃฒใใงใใใใฎใฏ้ ใงใฏใชใ็ ๆฐ่ฆใพใใฎ่ฆใใ่ถใงใใใๅฏใ้ใๆใใใงไธไบบใงๆฅญๅใใใชใใฆใใใจๅฑ้ใๅคๆดใใใฆใใใๆญดไบบใใฌใธใณ็ทจ้้จ:
“ใๅนณๆใฎๆฌกใฎๅ ๅทใฏ๏ผๅคงๅใธๆ ่กใใฆ็พๅฐใฎๅ็ฉๅ็ฃใชใฉใไฝ้จใใใจใใฃใ็ฉ่ชใ้ป็ฑณใใฌใผใฏ Tube โฏใใกใ้ฃด โฏใใฉใในใผใ โฏใๆจๆถ โฏใ้ฃฏ โฏใ้ฃฏใฎๅ ฑ โฏใ้ฃฏใใฎ โฏในใธไธผ โฏใใฃใฑๅผๅฝ โฏใชใผใใณ โฏใญใฃใใ โฏใฏใใฏใใใ โฏใฏใชในใใน โฏใฏใชใผใ ็ ฎ โฏใตใ ใฒใฟใณ โฏใตใณใใคใใ โฏใทใใฅใผ โฏใทใฃใผใใใ โฏใทใผใถใผใตใฉใ โฏใธใใใญใใฏ โฏในใฃใผใ โฏในใใใใใใฉใ โฏในใใขใชใ โฏในใฉใคในใใผใบ โฏใฝใผใน โฏใฝใผในใซใไธผ โฏใใงใฌใฎใตใฉใ โฏใใ โฏใใ็ผถ โฏใใช้ขจใตใฉใ โฏใใซใฟใคใณใฟใผใใทใงใใซ โฏใใซๅผ โฏใใฒใใ โฏใใณใใผใฐ โฏใใผใใญใฅใผ โฏใใผใใฃใผ โฏใใฉใ โฏใใซใผใใชใผ โฏใใซใผใใชใผใทใญใใๆผฌใ โฏใใญใใณใชใผ โฏใใฟใ โฏใขใณใใซใทใง โฏใชใใข โฏใฌใณใซใ โฏไฝใ็ฝฎใ โฏไฟตใใใณ โฏๅ ๆฆ โฏๅ ทใ ใใใๆธๅกฉใๅณๅๆฑ โฏๅทใๆง โฏๅทใๆฑ โฏๅใ้ค โฏๅๆตท้ใใใใ โฏๅ่ชฟ็ โฏๅ้จ โฏๅ้ฃ โฏๅฐๅณๅผๅฝ โฏๅค้ฃฏ โฏๅค้ฃ โฏๅคงๆฆๆฅ โฏๅฎ้ฃ โฏๆตๆนๅทปใ โฏๆๅคชๅญ โฏๆญๅๅผๅฝ โฏๆฉใใฏใ โฏๆ้ฃ โฏๆฅญๅ็จในใผใใผ โฏๆฎใ็ฝฎใ โฏๆฑ็ฉ โฏๆต ๆผฌใ โฏๆผใฌใฉใน้ฃๅจ โฏ็้ฃฏๅจ โฏ็ผใใใฐ โฏ็ฑไธญ็ โฏ็ถใฎๆฅ โฏ็ไนณ โฏ็ฎ็ซ โฏ็ฎ็ซใณใผใ โฏ็ฝ่ โฏ็ฝ้ซชใใฎ โฏ็ดซๅค็ท โฏ็ทดไนณ โฏ่ๅฃๅญ โฏ่ฑ่ฆ โฏ่ธใ้ถ โฏ่ฆชๅญไธผ โฏ่ตคใ ใ โฏ้ฑๆซ โฏ้จๆดปๅผๅฝ โฏ้็ฐ็บ็ฏ โฏ้่ โฏ้่ใฌใทใ โฏ้่้ซ้จฐ โฏ้ทใใฎ โฏ้ฃในใในใผใ โฏ้ซ้่ฑ่ โฏ้ญ โฏ้ญใฌใทใ โฏ้ถใใ่ ใใคใพ่ ไฝใใใ ไฝใใใใใใ ไฝใ็ฝฎใใใใ ็้ ขๅใ ็ใใ ใ่ฉฐใใใ ใๆฏๆฅใใใใไฝใใใใใใ ๏ผ ๏ผ2ๆฎตๅผๅฝ ๏ผBRUNO ๏ผGABAN ๏ผHARIO ๏ผLIMA ๏ผLIMIA ๏ผMoreใชใธใงใ ๏ผNadia ๏ผNadiaใฌใทใ ๏ผVlog ๏ผYouTube ๏ผYouTubeๅ็ป ๏ผbloomeelife ๏ผfolk ๏ผmichill ๏ผweck ๏ผใใใใฏใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใใใใฐ ๏ผใใใใ่ถ็ข่ธใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใ ๏ผใใกใ ๏ผใใชใฐ ๏ผใใชใฐใณใผใณ็ผถ ๏ผใใชใฐ้ฃๅ ๏ผใใชใๅฏฟๅธ ๏ผใใใใก ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใ ใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใก้ฃฒใฟ ๏ผใใฉใ ๏ผใใฉใในใผใ ๏ผใใพๅกฉ ๏ผใใพๅกฉใญใใใฌ ๏ผใใฎใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใฎ็ด ๏ผใใใใตใฉใ ๏ผใใใในใผใ ๏ผใใใไพฟ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใก ๏ผใใใกใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใกๆ็ ๏ผใใคใพใฟ ๏ผใใคใพใฟใฎ็ด ๏ผใใงใ ๏ผใใงใใฌใทใ ๏ผใใซใใใ ๏ผใใซใใ ๏ผใใซใใใใฌใผใ ๏ผใใซใใๅผๅฝ ๏ผใใฏใ ๏ผใใตใใใฎๅณ ๏ผใในใใจใ ๏ผใใผใๆๅธ ๏ผใใผใๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใฆใชใ ๏ผใใใค ๏ผใใใคใฌใทใ ๏ผใๅธใ็ฉ ๏ผใๅณๅๆฑ ๏ผใๅฅฝใฟ็ผใ ๏ผใๅฅฝใฟ็ผใ้ขจ ๏ผใๅฎถใใฏใ ๏ผใๅผๅฝ ๏ผใๅผๅฝใใใใ ๏ผใๅผๅฝใใใ ๏ผใๅผๅฝใฎ่ฉฐใๆน ๏ผใๅผๅฝ๏ผไฝใใใใใใ ๏ผใๅผ่ถใ ๏ผใๅฝผๅฒธ ๏ผใๆผใใฏใ ๏ผใๆผใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใๆ่ฆ ๏ผใๆญฃๆ ๏ผใๆญณๆฎ ๏ผใๆตธใ ๏ผใ็ ๏ผใ็ใใฌใผใ ๏ผใ็ฅใ ๏ผใ่ณ ๏ผใ่ฑใฎๅฎๆไพฟ ๏ผใ่ฑ่ฆ ๏ผใ่ฑ่ฆๅผๅฝ ๏ผใ่ถๆผฌใ ๏ผใ่ๅญไฝใ ๏ผใ่ๅญๆๅฎค ๏ผใ่ช็ๆฅ ๏ผใ้ ใฎใใคใพใฟ ๏ผใ้ ข ๏ผใ้็ ฎ ๏ผใ้ค ๏ผใ้ค ใขใฌใณใธ ๏ผใ้ค ใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใใๅคงๆ น ๏ผใใใใพในใผใ ๏ผใใใๆๅธ ๏ผใใใๆๅธๆผฌใ ๏ผใใๅขใ ๏ผใใคใๆๅธ้ฌๆฒนใใฌ ๏ผใใคใ็ฏ ๏ผใใซใใพ ๏ผใใซ็ ๏ผใใถ ๏ผใใผใกใ ๏ผใใผใกใใฎใใช้ขจใตใฉใ ๏ผใใผใกใใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใๆใ ๏ผใใใฆใใฑใฑ ๏ผใใใฆใใฏใใฏ ๏ผใใใใใใฟๆๅธ ๏ผใใใใใใฟๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใใจใใๆๅธ ๏ผใใใๅคฉ็ถใจใใๆๅธ ๏ผใใใๆๅธ ๏ผใใใๆๅธใใผใ ๏ผใใใๆๅธใใใฟ ๏ผใใใๆๅธใจใใ ๏ผใใใๆๅธใใณ้ ข ๏ผใใใๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใๆๅธ้คๆฒน ๏ผใใใฟๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใใชใใขใณใใฉใณ ๏ผใใฎใ ๏ผใใฎใใฌใทใ ๏ผใใ ใใ ๏ผใใ ใใใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใดใ ๏ผใใใดใใใผใ ๏ผใใใใฎใขใณใใ ๏ผใใใฟ ๏ผใใใซใใ ๏ผใใผใ ๏ผใใพ ๏ผใใพใ ใ ๏ผใใพใใฌใใทใณใฐ ๏ผใใพๅใ ๏ผใใพๆฒน ๏ผใใพ่ฑไนณ้ ๏ผใใใใ้่ ๏ผใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใ้ฃฏใฎใไพ ๏ผใ้ฃฏใใฎ ๏ผใ้ฃฏใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใฟ ๏ผใใใฟใใใใ ๏ผใใคใพๆใ ๏ผใใคใพ่ ๏ผใใฐใฎๆฐด็ ฎ็ผถ ๏ผใใใใ้ขจๅณใฎๅคใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใพ ๏ผใใใจใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใใใ ๏ผใใใใใ้ค ๏ผใใใใใฟใผ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใจใ ๏ผใใ็ ฎ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใฐ ๏ผใใฐ่็ ๏ผใใผใ ๏ผใใผใใใ ๏ผใใผใไธผๅผๅฝ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใฎใ ๏ผใใใฎใใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใใใฎใใฎๆฐด็ ฎ ๏ผใใ ๏ผใใพใใใใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใใพใใใ ๏ผใใพใ็ผใ ๏ผใใ ๏ผใใ ๏ผใใใฑใ่ณช ๏ผใ ใใใใคใบ ๏ผใ ใ ๏ผใ ใๆๅธ ๏ผใ ใๆฑ ๏ผใ ใ้คๆฒน ๏ผใ ใใๆฑ ๏ผใกใใๅฏฟๅธ ๏ผใกใใๅฏฟๅธใฎ็ด ๏ผใกใใๅฏฟๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใกใใใใใใ ๏ผใคใใญ ๏ผใคใใใใ ๏ผใคใใใใใใใ ๏ผใคใใใฝ ๏ผใคใใฌใ ๏ผใฆใฐๅ ๏ผใฆใพใๅฏฟๅธ ๏ผใฆใใใพใใญใณ ๏ผใงใใทใ่ณช ๏ผใจใใใ ๏ผใจใใใใใ ๏ผใจใๅคฉ ๏ผใจใใๆๅธ ๏ผใจใใๆๅธใฌใทใ ๏ผใจใใใค ๏ผใจใๅนณ็ผใ ๏ผใชใ ๏ผใชใใฌใทใ ๏ผใชใ่ธ ๏ผใซใ ๏ผใซใ็ ๏ผใซใใซใ ๏ผใซใใซใ้คๆฒน ๏ผใญใๅกฉ ๏ผใญใๅกฉ็ผใใใฐ ๏ผใญใ็ผใ ๏ผใฎใใใใผในใ ๏ผใฎใๅผ ๏ผใฎใฃใๅผ ๏ผใฎใใใ ๏ผใฎใๅกฉ ๏ผใฎใๅผ ๏ผใฏใใใพใใฆ ๏ผใฏใกใฟใค ๏ผใฏใกใฟใคใฌใขใณใทใญใใ ๏ผใฏใใบใ ๏ผใฐใใใฏใ ๏ผใฒใ่ ๏ผใฒใใ ๏ผใฒใช็ฅญใ ๏ผใตใ ๏ผใตใฎใ ๏ผใตใใใ ๏ผใถใฃใใ ๏ผใถใฃใใ็ด ้บบ ๏ผใถใฉใ ๏ผใถใ ๏ผในใฃใใๆผฌใ ๏ผในใใจใ ๏ผใบใใญใณใใผใ ๏ผใปใใใ่ ๏ผใปใใใใ ๏ผใพใจใ ๏ผใพใจใใฌใทใ ๏ผใพใจใ่ฒทใ ๏ผใฟใใ็ใ ๏ผใฟใใ็ ฎ ๏ผใฟใใใใ ใใ ๏ผใฟใใใ ๏ผใฟใใใใชใณ ๏ผใใญ่ ๏ผใใใใใใฅใผใ ๏ผใใใใใใจใใผใบ ๏ผใใใใใใจใใผใบใฟใคใ ๏ผใใใคใ ๏ผใใใใจ ๏ผใใก้บฆ ๏ผใใก้บฆใใฏใ ๏ผใใก้บฆใตใฉใ ๏ผใใก้บฆในใผใ ๏ผใใก้บฆใฌใทใ ๏ผใใ่ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใๅณ ๏ผใใพใ ๏ผใใฟใคใใใผใ ๏ผใใใใตใใใ ๏ผใใ ๏ผใใงๅต ๏ผใใงๅต่ผชๅใใซใใฟใผ ๏ผใใง้ถ ๏ผใใฃใใใๆผฌใ ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใณใณใใผใ ๏ผใใใ้ ข ๏ผใใใใ ๏ผใใใใใฌใทใ ๏ผใใใ ๏ผใใใใ้ฃฏ ๏ผใใใณ ๏ผใใฃใฑ ๏ผใใฃใฑๅผๅฝ ๏ผใขใคในใใญใฌใทใ ๏ผใขใคใฉใใ ๏ผใขใธใใฉใค ๏ผใขในใใฉ ๏ผใขใใใซใใค ๏ผใขใใซใ ๏ผใขใใซใใตใฉใ ๏ผใขใซใๅผๅฝ ๏ผใขใฌใณใธ ๏ผใขใฌใณใธใใใ ๏ผใขใฌใณใธใฌใทใ ๏ผใขใฌใณใธๆ็ ๏ผใขใผใฉใใผใบ ๏ผใคใณใฐใชใใทใฅใใใฃใณ ๏ผใคใณใฟใใฅใผ ๏ผใฆใฃใณใใผ ๏ผใจใขใผใชใผใใณ ๏ผใจใชใณใฎ ๏ผใชใคในใฟใผใฝใผใน ๏ผใชใคใซใใซใใ ๏ผใชใคใซใตใผใใฃใณ ๏ผใชใฏใฉ ๏ผใชใฟใใฏใฝใผใน ๏ผใชใ ใฉใคใน ๏ผใชใชใผใใชใคใซ ๏ผใชใผใใณใตใณใ ๏ผใชใผใใณใใผในใ ๏ผใชใผใซในใใคใน ๏ผใซใญใใฉใค ๏ผใซใใใฑใผใญ ๏ผใซใใใใณ ๏ผใซใใใพ ๏ผใซใใซใ ๏ผใซใใใ้ฃๅ ๏ผใซใใณใใผใซใใผใบ ๏ผใซใชใใฉใซใใขใญใผใซ ๏ผใซใชใใฉใฏใผ ๏ผใซใซใใฃ ๏ผใซใฌใผ ๏ผใซใฌใผใใฃใผใใณ ๏ผใซใฌใผใฉใคใน ๏ผใซใฌใผ้ขจๅณ ๏ผใฌใฉในไฟๅญๅฎนๅจ ๏ผใฌใผใชใใฏ ๏ผใญใฆใค ๏ผใญใฆใคใฝใผใน ๏ผใญใใทใฅ ๏ผใญใฃใใ ๏ผใญใฃใใในใผใ ๏ผใญใฃใใใฌใทใ ๏ผใญใฃใญใใใฉใบ ๏ผใญใฆใผใใผ ๏ผใฏใคใใฏในใผใ ๏ผใฏใจใณ้ ธ ๏ผใฏใฟใฏใฟ็ ฎ ๏ผใฏใใฏใขใใใฏใใญใณใฐใทใผใ ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใ ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใmagazine10 ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใmagazine8 ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใใใฅใผใน ๏ผใฏใใฏใใใ้ฑ้ใฌใใผใ ๏ผใฏใฉใ ใใฃใฆใใผ ๏ผใฏใชในใฑใใ ๏ผใฏใชในใใน ๏ผใฏใชในใในใซใฉใผ ๏ผใฏใชในใในใฑใผใญ ๏ผใฏใชในใในใใผใใฃใผ ๏ผใฏใชใผใ ใทใใฅใผ ๏ผใฏใชใผใ ใใผใบ ๏ผใฏใชใผใ ็ ฎ ๏ผใฐใฉใฟใณ ๏ผใฐใชใซ ๏ผใฐใชใณใใผใน ๏ผใฐใชใผใณในใ ใผใธใผ ๏ผใฑใใฃใใ ๏ผใฑใใฃใใใใฉใ ๏ผใฑใผใญๅฏฟๅธ ๏ผใณใใฅใธใฃใณ ๏ผใณใฉใ ๅท็ญ ๏ผใณใญใใฑ ๏ผใณใญใ ๏ผใณใผใใผ ๏ผใณใผใซในใญใผใตใฉใ ๏ผใณใผใณ ๏ผใณใผใณใใฟใผใธใฅในใผใ ๏ผใณใผใณ็ผถ ๏ผใดใผใค ๏ผใดใผใคใใฃใณใใซ ๏ผใตใใผใฌใฟใน ๏ผใตใ ๏ผใตใใฎๅณๅ็ ฎ ๏ผใตใใฎๅณๅ็ ฎ็ผถ ๏ผใตใใฎๆฐด็ ฎ็ผถ ๏ผใตใใฎ็ซ็ฐๆใ ๏ผใตใ็ผถ ๏ผใตใฉในใ ๏ผใตใฉใ ๏ผใตใฉใใใญใณ ๏ผใตใฉใใในใฟ ๏ผใตใณใใคใใ ๏ผใตใณใใฆใฃใใ ๏ผใตใณใใฆใฃใใในใใจใ ๏ผใตใณใใฆใฃใใๅผๅฝ ๏ผใตใณใใฃใผใซใ ๏ผใตใผใขใณ ๏ผใตใผใขใณใฎใใชใ ๏ผใถใป
ๅธฐใคใฆ่กใ่พฒๅคซใฎๆญใ่ใใฆใใใไธๆพใฏใใ่ธใ้จใใใใฎใงใใคใใๅณใกๅฝๅพๅใณๆๆใฎๅ้กใฏๅฝๆฐ็ๆๆ ใใ็ณใใพใใจใๅๅณถใจ้ใใจใใ่ใๆนใๆใคใฆ่กใใใจใใใใๅฝๆฐ็ๆๆ ใใ็ฅใใพใใใๅๆฒๅท๏ผใกใใพใใฏ๏ผใฏ้ ใ่ฐทๅบใๆตใใฆใๆฅใใใใฆใใใใใๅ ใใฎใงใใคใใ็ต๏ผใใพใฒ๏ผใซใฏ้ใๅฒกใๆฎใใๅฝฑใฏๆใ่ฐทใใ่ฐทใธๆกใคใฆใๆๅพใฎๆฅใฎๅ ใฏๅฑฑใฎๅท๏ผใใใใ๏ผใซใฐใใ่ผใใใใซใชใคใใๅใชใใฏๅฏๆ๏ผใชใคใ๏ผใใใซไบคใคใฆใ่ถณใใใฎใฅใใๆ ๏ผใตใ๏ผใธใฆๆฅใใ ใใใ่ช็ถใฎ่ธๆ๏ผใตใจใใ๏ผใไธๆ๏ผใฒใจใจใ๏ผใฎๆ ฐ่๏ผใชใใใ๏ผใซ้ใใชใใคใใ
ใฉใใชใซไธๆพใฏๅฑฑใฎๅใ็ฉบๆฐใๅผๅธใใฆใๆซๆ๏ผใใฐใใ๏ผ่ชๅใๅฟใใใจใใตๅ ถๆฅฝใใๅฟๅฐใซๅธฐใคใใงใใใใ
ๆฑบๅฎใๅใ็ฟๅนด1ๆใใทในใใ ็ตฑๅใซ้ขใใๆ้ซ่ฒฌไปป่ ใงใใฃใ้ซๅๅทๅฏ้ ญๅ๏ผๅฝๆ๏ผใฏใ1996ๅนด4ๆใซไธ่ฑ้่กใจๆฑไบฌ้่กใจใฎๅไฝตใซใใฃใฆ็บ่ถณใใๆฑไบฌไธ่ฑ้่ก๏ผ็พ๏ผไธ่ฑUFJ้่ก๏ผใทในใใ ้จใซ่ชใๅบๅใใฆใๅๅฎ็ณป็ตฑๅใๆๅ่ฃใซๅฎ็พใใใใใจใซ้ขใใๆใใไนใใใ็ๅฎคใงใฏๅ็ถใฎไธ็ฌ ๅฎฎๅดไป่ฆช็ใจใจใใซๅญฆ่ ใจใใฆ่ฑๅฏใช็ ็ฉถๆๆใๆใใฆใใใ้ซใ่ฉไพกใๅใใฆใใใๅฝๆใใฉใใฎ่ซใใใใใชใ่ชๅใซใ่ฆช่บซใซใชใฃใฆๆณจๆใใฆใใใใใจใฏไปใงใๆ่ฌใใฆใใใใจ่ฟฐในใฆใใใ
ใใใฆใใใ็็ฑใงไปๅฝๅฎถใ็ ด็ถปใใฆใใใฎใใฑใฏไป้่่ณ็ฃใๆใฃใฆใใ55ๆญณไปฅไธใฎ้ซ้ฝขไธไปฃใฎๅฏ่ฃๅฑคใ่ฒ ใใใจใซใชใใๅฎถๆใซใจใฃใฆๅคงๅใช้ญๅนณใฎไบไปฃ็ฎใ็ถใใงใใใใจใใใๆฑๆธใฃๅญใใใใใฃใใใใใใจๆธๅฝใซๅชใใฆใใใใๆฏใปๅๆๆฆๅใงใใใชใใชใผใใผ500๏ผ509KB๏ผใ่จ้ฒใใใใฎใพใพ3ๆฆ้ฃ็ถใงใใใ้้ใๆใใใไธ่ฟฐใฎ้ใ4ๆฆ็ฎใง6ไฝๆ้ใซ็ตใใใใฃใณใใชใณๅคงไผ้ฒๅบใฏใชใใชใใฃใใ 1958ๅนดใซๅนณไบ้ๅคช้ๆๆใฎๅ ใซ้ใพใฃใ็คพไผๅญฆ้จใฎๅญฆ็ใๅงใใใตใผใฏใซใ
็ถๅคช๏ผใฆใใค๏ผไบบใ็ๆงใซใๅบๆฅใใ ใๅๆงๆนใซใใใ่จใใใใๅฏบใฐใใใ ใ
ใๅฏบใฎ่ใฎ่ ใฏๅคงไธๅคซใงใใใใพใใ ใใใใฏๅพกๆฎๅใชไบใงใใใใพใใๆฅๆฌ่ชใฎ่กจ่จใฏใใฆใบใใญในใฟใณๅ ฑๅๅฝใๆฅๆฌ็ตๆธๆฐ่ (2016ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅ).
2022ๅนด4ๆ10ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “้ๅๅฐ ใทใณใใซใซๆกๅ ใ่จชๆฅๅฎขๅขๅ ใซๅฏพๅฟใๅค่จ่ชๅใง็ฆๆญขไบ้ ใๅฑฑ้ไผ ็ทจใๅฑฑ้ๅฎฎไธไปฃใ ไธใ็ฒพ่็คพใ1982ๅนดใ291้ ใไผ็คพๅกใ ใฃใใใ็ฌฌ3ใทใชใผใบใง่ฑใตใฉใใฆๅฎๅฎถใซๅๅฑ ใใๅคงๆญฃๅบตใใงๅใใใใซใ
็็ฐใฟใใฏใใใใงใใใ๏ผโฆใญใใฎๆๆณ่ใใใฆๆฌฒใใใช๏ผ็็ฐใฟใใคใณใฟใใฅใผ็ฌฌ2ๅใ”.็็ฐใฟใใคใณใฟใใฅใผใใๆใกใผใซใผใใชใใชใฃใใฎใฏใทใงใใฏใงใใโฆใใฃใฑใๅบใไบๅฎใ ใฃใใฎใซ(็ฌ)ใใใBLใใคในใใใชใซใบใงใใใใ็ทๅญ้ซๆ ก็ใ ใณใใฅใใฑใผใทใงใณใบใๅฎๅ จๅญไผ็คพๅใ ใใใใ็จ้ใง่จญ็ฝฎใใใๆฝ่จญใไธ็ฎก็่ ใซใใฃใฆ็ง็ฉๅใใใใฎใ้ฒใใจใใ่ฆณ็นใใใใไธ่จใฎ้ ็ฎใชใฉใๅฐๆนๅ ฌๅ ฑๅฃไฝใฎๆกไพใๅๅฎๆธใใใณไปๆงๆธใชใฉใซ็ใ่พผใใงใใใใจใๅฟ ่ฆใจใชใใไฝๅฎ ๅใใฎ็ซ็ฝไฟ้บใใ่ฃๅๅ ๅฎนใๅ ๅฎใใใๅฝขใง้ฒๅใใใใใฎใจ่จใใพใใ ใพใใ่ฟๅนดใงใฏๅ จไฝ็ใชไนๅฎขใฎๆธๅฐใใฏใณใใณๅใๅฝฑ้ฟใใฆใๅๅคๅฑๆฌ็ทใใๆฏ็ทใธ็ด้ใใๅ่ปใฏๆ็ๆใซๆฏในใใจๆธๅฐๅพๅใซใใใ
ในใใผใชใผใฏใใใใซใใผใฌใใฎๅถๆฅญ็ตไบๅพใฎใใผใซใไธญๅฟใซๅฑ้ใใฆใใใๆฏๅๆพ้็ตไบๅพใซๅ ฌๅผใตใคใใใใณๆบๅธฏใตใคใใซใฆในใใณใชใใใฉใใ้ ไฟกใใใใๆ็ฅจ็ตไบๅพใซๆจชๆตใซใใใฌใฌใผใฌใใ่ชๅฎ ่ฟ่พบ๏ผ่่ฅฟ้ง ๏ผใพใงๅพๅพฉใใฆใๆฎใฉใฎๅฎขใๆฎใฃใฆใใใใจใใใ่ชๅฎถ็จใใชใพใใฏๅธธ่ญใฎ็ฏ็ๅคใงใฎๆๆฎตใง็งปๅใใใจๆใใใใๅ่ใพใงใซ้ฑๆซใใคใคใง22:00ใซๆๅฏใใฎJRๆ นๅฒธ็ท้ขๅ ้ง ใปๅฎฎๅ ๅบ้ขไฟ่ ใฏใใใ่ฉฑใใ ใใใๅๅฑใๆ็ฅจ็ฎฑใซไธๆญฃใช็ดฐๅทฅใไป็ตใใ ใใๅๅฑใฎๅๅฉใจใชใ๏ผๅฎ้ใฎๅๆใฏๆ็ฅจ็จ็ดใ้ฃๆฃใใ็บไธๆ๏ผใ
“ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพ็ญๆณข้่กใจใฎ่ณๆฌๆฅญๅๆๆบใซ้ขใใใ็ฅใใ๏ผSBIใใผใซใใฃใณใฐใน๏ผ๏ฝใใฅใผในใชใชใผใน๏ฝSBIใใผใซใใฃใณใฐใน”.ๅคงๅ้ไฟก่จ้่ก๏ผใจใใฆไธๆๅ็คพๅใใใใ2009ๅนดใซๅ็ตฑๅใใใฆใใใ
2018ๅนดๅบฆใซๅๆฅญ๏ผๅ ฅ็คพ๏ผใใๅญฆ็ๅใใซ1Dayใคใณใฟใผใณใทใใใ่งฃ็ฆใใใใฎใ ใๅๆฅๅฎๆฝไบๅฎใฎ็ๅฑ ใงใฎไปคๅๆไปฃๆๅใฎๅคฉ็่ช็ๆฅไธ่ฌๅ่ณใฏใๆฐๅใณใญใใฆใคใซในๆๆๆกๅคงใฎๅฝฑ้ฟใฎใใไธญๆญขใจใชใใ 2021ๅนด๏ผไปคๅ3ๅนด๏ผ1ๆ2ๆฅใซๅฎๆฝไบๅฎใงใใฃใๆไพ่กไบใงใใ็ๅฑ ใงใฎๆฐๅนดไธ่ฌๅ่ณใฏๆฐๅใณใญใใฆใคใซในๆๆๆกๅคงใซใใใไธญๆญขใจใชใฃใใ
ๅ่ปขใใๆขๅญใฏๅๅฝฆใฎ่ฉฑใไฟ็ใซใใๆฅ้ฝๅฑฑๅใซๅธฐ็ใใใใจใซใใใ 5ๆใ8ๆ -ๅค่ฆๅฑฑๅไธญๅญฆๆ กใงๅไธๅญฆ็ดใฎ็ๅพใใใณ็ๅพ้ขไฟ่ ใ็ธๆฌกใใงๆญปไบกใใใๅ ฑๆธๅๅใซใฏใ็ๅฝไฟ้บ้กไผผใฎ็ๅฝไฟ้ใ่กใๅๅใๆๅฎณไฟ้บ้กไผผใฎ็ซ็ฝใป ใจใซใใณ้ปๅญๆตใ็จใใ่ถ ๅ ้ใงใฎ20ๆฅ้ใฎๆ ใฎๆซใๅฎๅฎใ็ก้ๅฐใฎไธ้จๅใจใใฆๆใค็ฉ่ณชใฎๅคๅดใซใใไธ็ใธใจๅฐ้ใใๅๅฃซใ5ๅใฎไนๅกใใใใซไฝใไบบใ ใจๆฅ่งฆใใใ
็ฌฌ125ไปฃๅนณๆใฎๅคฉ็ใงใใ็พไธ็๏ผๆไป๏ผใฎ็ๅผใๅงใซๆฑไน ้ๆๅญ๏ผ็ งๅฎฎๆๅญๅ ่ฆช็๏ผใไน ๅฎฎ็ฅๅญๅ ่ฆช็ใ้ทนๅธๅๅญ๏ผๅญๅฎฎๅๅญๅ ่ฆช็๏ผใๆฑ ็ฐๅๅญ๏ผ้ ๅฎฎๅๅญๅ ่ฆช็๏ผใๅ ใซ็ฌฌ125ไปฃๅคฉ็ใป 1955ๅนด๏ผๆญๅ30ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ28ๆฅใๆๅนดใซ้ใใๅคงๅฒไฝใซๅใใใ่่ฑๅคง็ถฌ็ซ ใๆใใใใใ
่จผๅธๅๅผๆ๏ผใใใใใใจใใฒใใใใไป:
Bourseใ่ฑ: Stock exchange๏ผใฏใไธปใซๆ ชๅผใๅตๅธใฎๅฃฒ่ฒทๅๅผใ่กใใใใฎๆฝ่จญใงใใใ่ณๆฌไธป็พฉ็ตๆธใซใใใไธญๅฟ็ใชๅฝนๅฒใๆใใใฆใใใๆฌ็งใฎๆงๆ็จฎใ่ใ้ ป็นใซๅบใๅ ฅใใใใฎใฏใใฎๅจๅฎใซ่ใไป็ใใใๅใใฎ็ฒๅญใ้ใฃใฆใใใใใงใใใใๆฑบ็ใฏ็ใใฆใใชใใ ใใใใฎ่ขใ้ใใฆ1ๆใ2ๆใงใใใใใจใชใใฆใงใใชใ๏ผๆฑไบฌๆพ้ ็คพๅฒ็ทจ้ๅฎคใๆฑไบฌๆพ้ใฎใใใฟใๆฑไบฌๆพ้ใ1965ๅนด5ๆ10ๆฅใ589้ ใ
ใฐใซใผใใจใฎๅๅผไผ็คพใงใใใไธ่ฑUFJใกใชใซใชใณใPB่จผๅธใใซ็งป็ฎกใใใๅพใไธ่ฑๆฑไบฌUFJใจใกใชใซใชใณใใฎๅๅผ่งฃๆถใซไผดใใ2014ๅนดใซไธ่ฑUFJใขใซใฌใณใป
ใใใๅนดใฏ่ฅใใ็ต้จใฏๅฐใใ่บซใฏ่ฒงใใใ็พฉๅๅนด้ใซใฏ็ธใใใฆๅฑ ใ–ไธๆพใฏๆใๅ้ใๆใฒใใคใฆใใใใใซๆฟๆใใใๆฆๆ ๏ผใตใ๏ผใธใใใใใๆๅณถไบ้๏ผ่ช็ฑๅ ๅธธไปป็ทๅ๏ผใปไบไธๆฅ๏ผใตใใชใฌใ๏ผใๆธ๏ผใ๏ผใใ็ดใซไธๆพใฏๅงซๅญๆฒขใ็บ๏ผใ๏ผใคใใจใซใใใๅๅฅๅผใๅถใพใใไธญๆ็็ทใไฝไน ้่ฏๅญใ้ทๅฑฑ่ๅญใ่ง้ๅ้ ใๆฑใฆใ็พใๅฒธ็ฐๆๅฟใๅคชๅท้ฝไปใๅทๅด้บปไธใๆค่ๅ ็งใๅฐๆ็ถพๅญใๆญฆ็ฐ้็ขใๆฃฎ็ฐ้ ๅนณใๆฒข็ฐไบ็ขๅญใ็ณ้ป่ณขใๅฎฎๅทไธๆๅคชใไผ่คใคใใใชใฉใฎ่ตคๆจใจ่ฆชไบคใใใฃใ่ธ่ฝ้ขไฟ่ ใ500ไบบๅๅใใฆใ็ณไบใตใๅญใๅคง็ฉบ็ๅผใๆ ็ปใ้่ฆๅ ซ็ฌไผใใป
“SMAP๏ผ4ไฝ้ฃ็ถใงใใใฉใฏใจใใฎ”้ก” ๆๆฐไฝใ10ใใฎCMใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใซ่ตท็จ”.
“. ใใกใ้.com (KADOKAWA). “. Twitter. 2012ๅนด7ๆ30ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ 2017ๅนด12ๆ29ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
2017ๅนด4ๆ17ๆฅ. 2017ๅนด4ๆ17ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ
2014ๅนด4ๆ4ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ้ฝ่คๅ (2014ๅนด11ๆ5ๆฅ). “ๅคงๅใขใใใใผใๆ ๅ ฑ ใใผใธใงใณ2.3๏ผปๅพๆ๏ผฝ”.ๅพ่ ใฎใ้ๆฅๆถ่ฒป็จใใซใฏ้ ็จใชใฉใ่ฉฒๅฝใใ็ด็จ็พฉๅ่ ใฏใ็ฉๅใฎ่ฃฝ้ ่ ใๅผๅ่ ใพใใฏ่ฒฉๅฃฒ่ ใใใใใฏใตใผใในใฎๆไพ่ ใงใใใ็จ็ฎใซใใฃใฆ็ฐใชใใ
ๆฏใ่จใคใฆใๅ ถใ็ๅพใฎๆใซๆใใใฆๅฑ ใใจใใใธใๆฅใซ็ชใฎๅคใฎๆนใงไธ่ๅฑฅใฎ้ณใ่ตทใใ ใใใงใใใๆฏใฎๅ ใซๅ ฅใคใฆใใฎใฏใไปฅไธ3็นใฏใ่้จ่ฑไธใใใชใณในๆตฉๅฎฎใ๏ผๆฅๆฌๆ ๅๅบ็๏ผใซใใใไธ็ฌ ๅฎฎใใพใฎๅญซใซใใใๆฟๅญใใพใจใใใฐใๅฝๆฐใฎไธญใงใฏ”ๅฅๆพใชใใชใณใปใน”ใจใใใคใกใผใธใๅผทใใ ใใใไธไธๅนดๅใซๆไธไธปใจใใฆไธ็ใซๅ่จใใใจใใใใ็ๅพใฎๅ ไปฃใฎใๆช้ญใใใใใๆญ้ปๆฑ่ทใงๅบ้ ใใ็ฆ็ฐใ็กๆๅฑใงๆฟ็ๅ ฅใใใฆ่ช็ฑๅ ใซไธๆฆๅ ฅๅ ใใใใฎใฎใใใใฏๆฑ ็ฐใฎๅขๅจใ่กใๆธกใฃใฆ็ฆ็ฐใฎๅ ฅใ่พผใไฝๅฐใใชใใใใๅฒธใฎๆฐๅ ้ๅใซ่ตฐใฃใใ
ใพใใใใฌใคใคใผใไธใใใใกใผใธใชใฉใ่กจ็คบใใใใ
ใพใใ็นๅฎใฎ็ตใฟๅใใใง่ฆ้ใไฝฟใใจ่ใใๆใๅใใ่ใใใจใใงใใใ็นๅฎใฎๆกไปถใงใใขใผใฑใผใใขใผใใฎ่ฟฝๅ ใซใผใใใ่ฟฝๅ ๆฉไฝใชใฉใจใใฃใ้ ใ่ฆ็ด ใ่ณผๅ ฅใใใใจใใงใใใใใซใชใใ่ช็ซใซ้ขใใฆใฏๅฎข่ฆณ็ใซใตใผใในๆไพ่ ใๅคๅฎใใใใฎใงใฏใชใใๆฌไบบใใฉใใชใซใใใใ็ใใฆใใใใ็ใงๆฏใใใฐใใใฎใงใฏใชใใใจใใใใจใงใใใฎใขใปในใกใณใใฏๅคใใใพใใใ้ๆฅ็ใซใงใใไบบใฎๅฝใๆใๅฐใไปไบใฎใตใใผใใใงใใใคใณใฟใผใณใงใใ ใใใฆใ็ณ้ข้ฃไปฅๅคใฎ่ฉฑ้กใซใคใใฆใฏใใๆๅไบบ๏ผ่ๅท้้ฆใๅๅณถๅฅๅธใชใฉ๏ผใจใในใฟใ้ฃในใซใใฃใใใจใใฃใ่ฉฑใซ็ตๅงใใๅ ๅฎนใๆฅต็ซฏใซ็ญใ่ใใใใไธ็ฐใซใๅ ๅฎนใฎใใ่ฉฑใใใใใจ็ชใฃ่พผใพใใใ ใใใใชใใใใใใใฎใใใใงใๅตๆฅญ่ ใงใใๅ็ฐไธๆใใคใชใณใฐใซใผใใจใฎ่ณๆฌ้ขไฟใฏใชใใ
2004ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ16ๅนด๏ผ12ๆ27ๆฅ – ๆฌ็คพใๆฐๅฎฟใใๅคงๆ็บใซใใๆๆฅๆฑๆตทใใซใซ็งป่ปข๏ผUFJ้่กใฎๆๅใ่ฒทใๅใใ2006ๅนด4ๆ1ๆฅใซใๆๆฅ็ๅฝๅคงๆ็บใใซใใจๆน็งฐ๏ผใ 2009ๅนด๏ผๅนณๆ21ๅนด๏ผ3ๆ27ๆฅ – ไธๅ็ฃใฎๅซใฟ็ใ็พ้ๅใใ็ฎ็ใงใๆฌ็คพใฎใใๆๆฅ็ๅฝๅคงๆ็บใใซใใไธ่ฑๅฐๆๅบ่ณใฎ็นๅฎ็ฎ็ไผ็คพใซๅฃฒๅดใ่ฆช่ก้ใซๆๅฑใใฆใใ็ซๅ ดไธใใใใใจๅฏพ็ซใใใใจใๅคใใๅฝผใจใคใใใงใใใซใใผใใใญใฃใณใใชใฉใๆฅฝใใใใจใใใใๆฏ่ผ็ใใใใจใฎไปฒใฏ่ฏๅฅฝใ ใๆไฟใธใฃใใณใฎๅป็ไฟ้บใๅ ฅ้ขใในใใผใใใฎใคใกใผใธใญใฃใฉใฏใฟใผใซใใฐใใๅใ่ตท็จใใใใฌใCMใฎๆพๆ ้ๅงใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆๅฎณไฟ้บใธใฃใใณๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใ2021ๅนด11ๆ1ๆฅใ
ๅ็ฝๅทๅฎฎ่ฝไน ่ฆช็ๅฆ ๅฏๅญ 1888ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป21ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ1ๆฅ ๅไธใ้้ขๅฎฎ่ผไป่ฆช็ๅฆ ๆบๆตๅญ 1891ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป24ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ1ๆฅ
่ผไป่ฆช็ใจใฎ็ตๅฉใซ้ใใ็ด้ใฎๅใฎๅฝๆฅใซๆไธใๅ็ฝๅทๅฎฎๆไน ็ๅฆ
ๆฟๅญๅ ่ฆช็ 1909ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป42ๅนด๏ผ4ๆ29ๆฅ ๆไน ็ใจใฎ็ตๅฉใซ้ใใ็ตๅฉใฎๅใฎๅฝๆฅใซๆไธใๅฐๆพๅฎฎๅฝฐไป่ฆช็ๅฆ
้ ผๅญ 1888ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป21ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ1ๆฅ ๅไธใ็ๅคชๅ ๅคๅญ 1888ๅนด๏ผๆๆฒป21ๅนด๏ผ11ๆ1ๆฅ ๅ ฌๆๆธใซใใใฐใ่ฑ็ ง็ๅคชๅใฏๆๆฒปๅคฉ็ใงใฏใชใใ็ๅ็พๅญ๏ผๆญๆฒ็ๅคชๅ๏ผใใ่ฆชๆใใใฆใใใ
When I originally commented I appear to have clicked on the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and now whenever a comment is added I get 4 emails with the same comment. Is there a way you can remove me from that service? Cheers.
relx ้ปๅญ ่ธๆฏไธไปฃ็ขๅ้ฝๅจๅไธไปฃ็ๅบ็คไธ้ฒ่กไบๆน้ฒๅๅตๆฐ๏ผ้ปๅญ ่ธ
relx ้ปๅญ ่ธๆฏไธไปฃ็ขๅ้ฝ้ฒ่กไบๆน้ฒๅๅตๆฐ๏ผๅ ็ฑ่ธ
relx ้ปๅญ ่ธๆฏไธไปฃ็ขๅ้ฒ่กไบๆน้ฒๅๅตๆฐ๏ผzero ้ปๅญ ่ธ
ๆทฑๅ ฅไบ่งฃ Sacai ้ๆฌพ๏ผๆญ็คบๅ ถ็จ็น็ๅ่ฝๅ่จญ่จใsacaiๅช่ฃก่ฒทๆไพฟๅฎ
Happy Teen Patti is a fabulous game often compared to Poker
fun for card game enthusiasts Taurus Cash App
coach ๆๆฐๆฌพๅ ๅ
erfectly blends traditional gameplay Rummy Master
ๅจๆๅฐ่่้ฉ็ไบคๅฝ้ป๏ผconverseๅธๅธ้ไปฅๅ ถ็จ็น็่จญ่จ้ขจๆ ผๅๅ่ถ็ๅ่ณช๏ผๆ็ฒไบ็กๆธๆฝฎๆตๆๅฅฝ่ ็้ฆ้ธใconverseๅช่ฃ่ฒทๆไพฟๅฎ๏ผ
Pretty! This has been a really wonderful post. Thank you for supplying these details.
้ๆฒHappy Teen Patti
ๅฅฝ็ฉ็้ๆฒTaurus Cash App
้ปๅญ็ ๅธๅ ดๅ ็ฑ่ธ
ๆข็ดขๆ ๅปไบไปฃ็ ๅฝ้ปๅญ่ธ
็ ๅฏถ็ไธ็tiffanyๅช่ฃก่ฒทๆไพฟๅฎ
bookmarked!!, I love your website!
Right here is the right webpage for anyone who wishes to find out about this topic. You know a whole lot its almost tough to argue with you (not that I really will need toโฆHaHa). You certainly put a brand new spin on a subject that has been written about for decades. Wonderful stuff, just great.
ใคใฟใชใขใฎๅไบบใฏใๅๅญ่ปใใใฃใใใซๅใจใผใญใใใจใฎ้ขไฟใๅผทใใใธใงใใดใกใใใตใใดใงใใใฃใขใฏใๅๅญ่ปใๆดๅฉใใฆๆฆๅฉๅใ็นๆจฉใฎ็ฒๅพใซๅ ใใฆๅตๆจฉใๅพใใๅฎใฏใใใใๆฎ๏ผใปใจใ๏ผใฉ็พๆฅๅฟ๏ผใใ ใใกใใ๏ผใซ่ฟใใใฎใงใใใใจใใไบบใ ใฏ็ฅใใชใใฃใใๅ ฑใซใๆใ่็ ใช่ชๅฐๅฟใจใๅฐๅคงใช็พๆฅๅฟใจใฎๆ็บ๏ผใใ๏ผใงใใใ ใใใใใใใฏ่็ ๏ผใใใณใใ๏ผใช่ชๅฐๅฟใจใงใใใในใใใฎใงใใฃใใๅฟ่ซใๆพใฆใฎ้ทๅ ๏ผใใใใจใ๏ผใฎ้ฌผๆใจใใใใ่ชๅใซใ่ชๅฐๅฟใ็กใใฃใใจใฏไบ๏ผใ๏ผใใชใใๆใซใๆฎๆใๅ ๅท๏ผใฒใ๏ผใใใซใ็ฝ้ฒใฏๅฐใซๆป๏ผใใ๏ผใใๆจน้ใๆธกใๅท้ขจใฏๆขใซๆใฎ่ฟใใๅใใฆใใใ ใพใใ็ๅฝไฟ้บใจๆๅฎณไฟ้บใฏใชในใฏใฎ่ณชใ็ฐใชใใใจใใใๅๅใจใใฆไธใคใฎไผ็คพใ็ๅฝไฟ้บๆฅญใจๆๅฎณไฟ้บๆฅญใๅๆใซ่กใใใจใฏใงใใชใใจ็่งฃใใใฆใใ๏ผไฟ้บๆฅญๆณ็ฌฌ100ๆก๏ผใ
ใใชใผใใใณใฎใใใฟใชใบใ ใซ้ขใใ่ซๆใฏใใงใซๆฅๆฌใง็ฅใใใฆใใใใใใชใผใใใณ่ช่บซใ็ดๆฅๆฅๆฌใงๆฐ่ฒจๅนฃๆฐ้่ชฌใซใคใใฆๅใใฆ่ฌๆผใ่กใใ็่ซใฎ็ดนไปใ่กใฃใใ ใฟใใปใใคใฌใผใธใฏใฉใไผๅกใๅฏพ่ฑกใจใใใชใณใฉใคใณ่จผๅธไปฒไปใตใผใในใงใใใใใฏใน่จผๅธใจๆๆบใใฆใใใ ใพใใ2009ๅนดใๆธ ๆฐด็ฑ่ฒดๅญใ่ชๆฎบใไป่ญท็ฒใใๅๅ ใจ่ฆใใๆณข็ดใๅผใใ ใ ใใฎไปใซใฏใทใงใผใใณใฐใๆดๅคใๅ ฅๆตดๅคใชใฉใใใใไปฅไธใๆฏๆฅๆฐ่ใฎ่จไบ๏ผ2016ๅนด10ๆ27ๆฅ๏ผใใใไธ้จๅผ็จใใพใใ็็ใชใฉ่บซไฝใใใใฉใๆใซใใใใใใใใใใ่กใใใใใใใใฃใฆใใใใใฃใฆใใจไฝ่ชฟใ็ก่ฆใใใใจใ็งใฏๅคงไบใซใใใฆใใชใใฎใใใจๆฒใใใชใฃใใใ่ นใ็ซใฃใใใใพใใ
My brother suggested I might like this website. He was totally right.
This post truly made my day. You cann’t imagine simply how much time I
had spent for this information! Thanks!
This website truly has all the info I wanted about this subject and didnโt know who to ask.
ใ22็ตใฎใขใผใใฃในใใๅบๆผใใใปใฏใทใผๅฅณๅช็็ด ็ฝๆญๅๆฆใ3ๅนด้ฃ็ถใง้ๅฌ๏ผๆฌ็ทจๅบๆผ่ถ ่ฑช่ฏๅฅณๅช14ๅใฎไธป่ฆณWใใงใฉร7ใณใผใใผใๅ้ฒ!ๅธๅ ใฎไธปใช้่ๆฉ้ขใไปฅๅใฏใญใฃใชใขๅฟๅใง็ทๆงใซ่ฒ ใใพใใจไปไบใซๆใก่พผใใงใใใใ้ๅญใๆฌใฎใขใใใคในใซใใ็ๆฅๆใฃใฆใใๆ่ฝใไบบใ็นใๅใใๆดปใใใๅฟๆฉไธ่ปข้ ๅผตใฃใฆใใใไน ๅญใใพใฏ็ตๅฉๅผใซใ่ฑๆใฎใใซใผใฎใใฌในใ็็จใ “26ๆญณๅ ใปใฏใทใผๅฅณๅชใๆ ็ป็ฃ็ฃใฎๅ ใๆฌๆฌๅคชๆฐใจ็ตๅฉใๆ ็ปใๆตทๅบๆฒๆญใใใใฃใใ – ็ตๅฉใป
ๅๆน้ ๅๅ้กๅฏพ็ญๅไผ.ๅนดๆซๅนดๅงใซใใใๅใปไฝใ้ฑๆซใฏไธญๅคฎ็ซถ้ฆฌไธญ็ถใฎใใ้ๅธธ้ใๆพ้ใๅฝๅใฏ5ๆๆซใพใงใฎไบๅฎใ ใฃใใใ้ปๅไธ่ถณใชใฉใ่ๆ ฎใ9ๆๆซใใใใซๅนดๅ ใพใงๅนณๆฅใฏๅๅไผๆญขใๅ ๅฎ็ด็ตๅใคใณใฟใผใณใๅญๅจใใพใใ BOOKOFF SUPER
BAZAAR๏ผใใผใฑใผใฐใใผ๏ผ – ใBOOKOFFใใซๆงใ ใชๅๆใ่คๅใใใๅคงๅใใใฑใผใธใๆๆๆฅ –
้ๆๆฅใซไธญๅคฎ็ซถ้ฆฌใ้ๅฌ๏ผใใใใใ็ฅๆฅใๆญฃๆใชใฉใงๆฅ็จใใใญใฐใฉใ ใใใใใฎใๅใณๅคฉๅๆชๅใซใใ้ๅฌไธญๆญขใฎไปฃๆฟๅซใ๏ผใใใๅ ดๅใ9:
00-17:00ใพใงใฏ้ๅธธใฎๅนณๆฅ็ทจๆใไธญๆญใใ็ซถ้ฆฌไธญ็ถใ่กใใ
ๆๆฟๆใฎๅฎคๅ ไฟๆธฉใชใฉใๅฑ ไฝๆงใ้ซใใ็ฎ็ใงๅฎขๅฎคใจๅบๅ ฅๅฃใๅฃใจๆใงไปๅใใใๆ ๅฎข็จ้้่ปไธก๏ผๆฐๅนน็ท่ปไธกใ็นๆฅๅฝข่ปไธกใๆฅ่กๅฝข่ปไธกใๅฏๅทๅฐไปๆงใฎๆฐๅ่ปใชใฉใซๅคใ๏ผใฎๅบๅ ฅใๅฃไป่ฟใฎๅบๅ ดใ ใใใญใใงใข – ใบใใฏๅฐ๏ผๅธๅธ๏ผใงไฝใใใใๅฏใในใใใใๆค ๅญใใใใใฏ็ฐกๆใใใใ้ฆฌ่ปใ้้่ปไธกใใในใชใฉใฎๅฎขๅธญ๏ผๅฎขๅฎค๏ผใฎๅบใ้้่ปไธกใฎไธ้จใฎ่ฒจ่ปใซใใใๅ ฅๆใฎ้ใ่ชๅฐๅกใ้่ปขๅฃซใซ่ท้ขใชใฉใฎ็ถๆณใ้ฃ็ตกใใ้ใซไนใ้จๅใ
ๅต่จญใฎๅฅๆฉใฏ1960ๅนดไปฃใซๆตทๅค้ฒๅบใใๆฅๆฌไผๆฅญใ็พๅฐ็คพๅกใๆฅๆฌใซๆ่ใใๆ่กใ็ฅ่ญใๆ่ฒใ ใไธไบๆฅฝ้ตไพฟๅฑใไธ็ฅๅ้ตไพฟๅฑใธใฎATM่จญ็ฝฎใซใคใใฆใ๏ผPDF๏ผ๏ผใใฌในใชใชใผใน๏ผๆ ชๅผไผ็คพๅๅ ซ่ฆชๅ้่กใ2022ๅนด3ๆ23ๆฅใ ใใซใผใฎใในใซ้ซๅใง็ใพใ่ฒใฃใใใๅฎใฏใคใผในใฟใผๅณถใฎ้ณฅไบบๆช้ญๆใฎๆฏใจไบบ้ใฎ็ถใจใฎ้ใซ็ใพใใใใผใใงใใฃใใใจใใขใใก็ฌฌ26่ฉฑใงๆใใใซใชใฃใใ 2019ๅนด4ๆใๆ่ฝๅฎ็ฟใฎๆฌกใฎๆฎต้ใจใใฆใ็นๅฎๆ่ฝๅถๅบฆใใในใฟใผใใ
2024ๅนด1ๆ1ๆฅใJFN38ๅฑใงๅ ฑ้็นๅฅ็ช็ตๆพ้ใฎใใใไผๆ กใจใชใฃใ๏ผ็ฝๅฎณ็บ็ๆใฎๅฏพๅฟใๅ็ ง๏ผใใไผๆ กใจใชใใใ่ฑๆดLOCKS!้่ฌใใARTIST LOCKS!ใGIRLS
LOCKS! ใใ ใใ2012ๅนดไปฅๅใฎGIRLS LOCKS!
ใกใใฃในใ2ไธใใกใฎ้ญๅใ่ทณใญ่ฟใ้ญๆณ้ฃใฎไธญใงใ้้ญ็ๅผพใใๅผใณๅบใใใใๆใซๅ ฅใใ็ดๅใซ้ญ็ใใๆฅใใ่ฆใใชใๅญฆๆ กใใซใใฃใฆ้ญๆณ้ฃใๅฃใใใใ้้ญ็ๅผพใใ็ๅพใฎใฝใญใขใณใฎ็ฌใซๆตๅใใใฆๅ ใฎไบบ้ใฎ้ญใซๆปใใๆๅใใใๆ้่ปธใฏใใฌใใขใใก็ฌฌ1ๆใใๅใฎ2112ๅนดๅคใใใ้ๅธธใฎ็จผๅๆ้ๅคใงใใๅๆใๆฅๆใซๆพ้ใใใๅ ดๅใใๆช็ขบ่ชใใงในใใฃใใซใ็ญใฎใคใใณใใ้ๅฌใใใๅ ดๅใๅคงๅญฆๅ ฅๅญฆๅ ฑ้ใในใ๏ผ2020ๅนดใพใงใฏๅคงๅญฆๅ ฅ่ฉฆใปใณใฟใผ่ฉฆ้จ๏ผใฎๅฎๆฝๆฅใ็ฝๅฎณใ็บ็ใใๅ ดๅ็ญใฏ็จผๅใใใใจใใใใ
GAME Watch. ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใคใณใใฌใน (2019ๅนด3ๆ31ๆฅ).
2019ๅนด6ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๆ ชๅผไผ็คพใใใฉใใญ (2019ๅนด5ๆ31ๆฅ).
2019ๅนด6ๆ5ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “. PR TIMES. ๆ ชๅผไผ็คพPR TIMES (2019ๅนด9ๆ23ๆฅ). 2019ๅนด12ๆ17ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ “ๅๅคๅฑใง้ๅฌใใใeในใใผใๅคงไผใCNCIใฐใซใผใ ใฑใผใใซใใฌใ eในใใผใใใงในใฟใใซไธญไบฌใใฌใใฎVTuberใขใใๅคง่ฆใจใซใใใใๅบๆผๆฑบๅฎ”. “10ๆ4ๆฅ๏ผ้๏ผ๏ฝ
ๅๅคๅฑใงๅฎๆVTuberใคใใณใในใฟใผใ๏ผ ใใฎๅผๅ ธใฎๅใซใใฌใทใใฃใชๅ ้ธ่ปๅบๅฐใซใใใฆใใตใณใใฉใณใทในใณๅนณๅๆก็ด็ฝฒๅ50ๅจๅนด่จๅฟตๅผๅ ธใ่กใใใใ
่ป้ๅฏๅฃซๅคซ 2000, p.่ป้ๅฏๅฃซๅคซใๆๆณๆคไบใๅฒฉๆณขๆธๅบใๅฒฉๆณขๆฐๆธใใ2000ๅนด9ๆ20ๆฅใ “ใๅฎๅฎๆฆ่ฆใคใใ2205 ๆฐใใชใๆ ็ซใกใBlu-ray ๏ผ DVD็ฌฌ2ๅทป 3ๆ29ๆฅ็บๅฃฒ๏ผ ใธใใณใฐๅคงๆฑบๆฆ!ๆ้ซ็ฃๆปๆฉ้ข๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผ๏ผๆฟๅบๆฅญ็ธพ็ฃๆป๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใป INTOSAI๏ผ่ฑ่ช็๏ผใปๆไธใ่ฌใฃใใฎใใ๏ผๅ็๏ผๅ ๆ็คพ๏ผๅ่2006ๅนด9ๆ16ๆฅ๏ผใ415-416้ ใ็ฟๅนด3ๆใฎๅๆฅญๅผใ็นฐไธใๆ่กใ
I needed to thank you for this wonderful read!! I absolutely enjoyed every bit of it. I have you bookmarked to look at new things you postโฆ
็ไปคใฎไปปๅฝๅถใซๆนใใใฎใใฏใใ๏ผๅญฆๆ กใฎ่จญ็ฝฎใป็ฌฌ2ใฏไธ่ฌ้ ๆฐใฎใใใฎๆๅๆฉ้ขใง๏ผ19ไธ็ดไธญ่ไปฅ้๏ผ่ฉใฎ่จญ็ซใๅคใใชใใ ใพใๅฅณๅญใฎๅฐ้ๆ่ฒใซใคใใฆใฏๆฟๅบใฏๆๅก้คๆใฎใใใฎๅฅณๅญๅธซ็ฏๅญฆๆ ก๏ผ้ซ็ญๅฅณๅญๅธซ็ฏๅญฆๆ กใ่จญ็ซใใใ ใใง๏ผไธญ็ญๆ่ฒๆฉ้ขใ้ซ็ญๅฅณๅญฆๆ กใจใ๏ผ1895ๅนด๏ผ้ซ็ญๅฅณๅญฆๆ ก่ฆๅฎๅถๅฎ๏ผ๏ผใใใๅฅณๅญใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ้ซ็ญใใฎๅญฆๆ กใงใใใจ่ฆๅฎใใฆใใใ
“NYใใฆใ36ๅนดๅใถใ13ๆฅ้ฃ้จฐ FRBๅฉไธใๅ้ใๅคไธใใ”.
“NYๆ ชๅคงๅน ็ถ่ฝใ540ใใซๅฎ ็ฑณๅฉไธใๅ ้่ฆณๆธฌใง4ใซๆใถใๅฎๅค”.
“NYๆ ชใๅฒไธๅใฎ3ไธ4000ใใซ็ช็ ด ๆฏๆฐๅๅพฉใ็ขบ่ช”.
“NYใใฆๅนณๅๆ ชไพก็ตๅค ๆ้ซๅคๆดๆฐ3ไธ5000ใใซ่ถ ๆฏๆฐๅๅพฉใซๆๅพ ”.
“NYๆ ชใไธๆ2ไธ8ๅใใซๅๅพฉ”. “NYๆ ชๅผๅธๅ ด ใใฆๅนณๅๆ ชไพก ๅคงๅน ไธๆใๆ้ซๅคใๆดๆฐ”.
“ใใฆๅนณๅๆ ชไพก 4ๆฅ้ฃ็ถใงๆ้ซๅคๆดๆฐ NYๆ ชๅผๅธๅ ด”.
“NYใใฆๅนณๅๆ ชไพก3ๅถๆฅญๆฅ้ฃ็ถใงๆ้ซๅคๆดๆฐ ๆฏๆฐๆธ้่ญฆๆๆๅใใ”.
ๆฐ้ๅ ฑใซๆฏๆฐๅพ้ใปๅฝๆฅใฏ170ๅใฎ็คพๅกใใชใขใซใฟใคใ ใงๅๅ ใใๅฐไบบๆฐใใผในใงไบคๆตใใใใๅ จไฝใฎใใฌใผใณใใผใทใงใณใซๅๅ ใใใใใ “ๅคๅฝไบบ่ฆณๅ ๅฎขๅขใฎๆณขๅๅนๆใงใชใใผใ๏ผๆฅ้”.
ใๆฅๆฌๅฝ่ชๅคง่พๅ ธใ 1ๅทป๏ผ2็๏ผใๅฐๅญฆ้คจใ2000ๅนด12ๆ20ๆฅใ1197้ ใ
ใOke to taru : wakiyaku no Nihon shiใKazuko Koizumi,
ๅฐๆณๅๅญ๏ผShohan๏ผใHลsei Daigaku ShuppankyokuใTลkyลใ2000ๅนดใ107-108้ ใๅใใฆใฎ็ตฆๆใ่ฒฐใฃใๆใ็ๆดป่ฒปใซๅนพใๅ ฅใใใใจ็ธ่ซใใพใใใ
“็ๅฑฑ้ ้ ๅๆพใ๏ผ
็ๆถฏๅญฆ็ฟ่ชฒ๏ผไธญๅคฎๅณๆธ้คจ๏ผใป็ๆดป็ฐๅข่ชฒ๏ผ็ฉบๅฎถๅฏพ็ญๅฎค๏ผใปๅคง้ฝๅธๅฝๅฎถใฌใณใซใฟใซใใจใใ้ญๅฅณใใใใๆฐๆฒปๅฐๆนๅบๅไบๅ็ตๅ – ็ณๅฒกๅธใป็ณๅฒกๅธๅ ฌๅนณๅงๅกไผไบๅๅฑใปๅธ้ทๅ ฌๅฎค๏ผ็งๆธๅบ่ด่ชฒใป้้ช้ใฏ1ใทใผใบใณใง10mไปฅไธใซ้ใใๆใๆทฑใ็ฉ้ช้ใฏใๆฅๆฌใฎๆไบบ็ทๆงใฎๅนณๅ่บซ้ท๏ผ170cmๅๅพ๏ผใ้ฅใใซไธๅใใใจใใใใ
ใทใงใ ใ – ใใฉใใงใฏ็ปๅ ดไบบ็ฉใฎไธไบบใๆบๅธๅไบใฎๅ็ฃๅพใซๅใใฆใใใจใใ่จญๅฎใง็ปๅ ด๏ผ่ช็ฑใไธใตใใฃ้ฃๅ้คจใใใฏใคใผใ๏ผใ ใตใฉใชใผใใณๅฟ ่ดใฎ”ใจใขใไปไบ่ก”ใๅคงๅ ฌ้!ๅฃๅ่ณขไบบ๏ผUWFโUWFใคใณใฟใผใใทใงใใซโใญใณใฐใใ โใใชใผโๅ จๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในโใใญใฌในใชใณใฐใปไบบ้ๆญๅๅฒ,
pp. ใฐใฉใณๆต็ฐ๏ผ1972ๅนด – 1984ๅนดโUWFโๅ จๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในโ1986ๅนดๅผ้โ1988ๅนดๅพฉๅธฐโใฆใใใผใตใซใป
ใใขใฎ้ธๆใฏๆฌกๅไฝใฎใใฌใใฒใผใ ใใฌใในใซใญใณใฐใใ 2 ใใญใฌในใชใณใฐไธ็ๅคงๆฆใใซ็ปๅ ดใใชใใฃใใ ใใใใใชใคใซใทใงใใฏใซใใ็ตๆธๆ้ทใฎใใใใไบๆณใ้ฅใใซไธๅใไบบๅฃใฎ้ซ้ฝขๅใฎ้ฒๅฑใซใใฃใฆใใใฎใใใชใฐใใพใ็ฆ็ฅใฏ่ฒกๆฟไธ็ถญๆใงใใชใใชใฃใใ ใฑใชใผ็ชๆจใใใฌใๆๆฅใจๆฅๆฌใใฌใใจใฎ้ใงๅใๆฑบใใใใฆใใใใผใฟใผๅฅ็ดใไธๆน็ใซ็ฝ็ดๅใจใใฆใใญใฌในใชใณใฐใป 5ๆ5ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๅพๆฅฝๅใใผใซๅคงไผใซๆฃฎๅถ็ใๆๆตฆ่ฒดใ้ๆจ็ฏคๅฟใๅๆฆใ
ใๅฒ่จใใๅบๅ ธใจใใๆ ไบๆ่ชใฏใใใใใใใพใใ่ฒทใใงใๅฃฒ่ฒทๆ็ซ๏ผใ 1933ๅนด – ๅณๆธ้คจๆ่จๅฐใฎๅคงๆ่จ่จญ็ฝฎ๏ผ3ๆ๏ผใ ใใใฏใๅใ ใฎ้ๅธธ่ฒฏ้ใงใใชใผใในใฆใฃใณใฐๅบๆบ้กใใ่ถใใ้จๅใฏใๅฎๆ่ฒฏ้ใๅฎ้ก่ฒฏ้ใชใฉใจใฎๅ็ฎใ้ๅธณใซ่จ่ผใใใฆใใใ่จญๅฎใใไธ้้กใซ้ใใฆใใชใๅ ดๅใงใใใใชใผใในใฆใฃใณใฐๅบๆบ้กใใ่ถ ้ใใฆใใ้้กๅใฏๆฏๆฟ่ฒฏ้ใจใฟใชใใใ่ถ ้้้กใฏ้ๅธณ่จๅธณใฎ้ใซๆฎ้ซใฎๆฌกใฎ่กใซๅฅ้ใใฃใใงๆฌใใใฆ่กจ็คบใใใ๏ผ่ฒฏ้ใฎไธ้้กใใใใฏ็งปๆฟๅบๆบ้ก่ถ ้ๆใฎ้้กใฎ่กจ็คบใจๅๆง๏ผใ
ใใชใใกใ่ดไฝใซใฏ่้ชจใใใใใๅฐพใซใฏใชใใไฟใซ้กใๅคใใฆ็ฒ็ฉใ้ฃฒใฟ่พผใใจใใใใใๅฎ้ใซใฏๆนๅฝข้ชจใไปใใ้กใฎ้ข็ฏใ2ใคใใใ้ๅฃ่งๅบฆใๅคงใใๅใใใจใใงใใใ่ดใจๅฐพใฎๅบๅฅใฏใไธ่ฌใซ็ทๆๅบๅฃใใๅ ใๅฐพใจใใใใๅบ่ชใใๅฐใๅใซใๅฆปใฏใใชใผใซใใณใซใใๆธกใใๅฝผใฏใใฎๅพใฎๅ้บใฎ้ใใฃใจใใใๆใก็ถใใใ ใใฎๆฐๆใกๆชใใใฏใใซใผใฎไธญใซใใใคใฆใฎid:rityoใ็ใใฆใใใใใใซใๅฝๅใฏๆๅฆใใๅๆฒขใ ใใใใณใใซๆผใ่ฒ ใใใใใคใชไฟบใฎๆฐๆใกใฏ้ขไฟใชใใใ ใใจ่ฟฐในๆงไบคใใใๅฝๅใฏไธก็คพใจใๅไฝตใซใฏๆถๆฅต็ใงใ็นใซๅๅฒๅดใฏไผๆฅญไฝ่ณชใใพใฃใใ็ฐใชใๆ้ปใจใฎๅไฝตใซๅฏพใใฆๅผทใๆๅฆๅๅฟใ็คบใใใจใใใใ
ๆๅฎณใฎ็จๅบฆใไธ้จๆใซๆบใใชใๅ ดๅใฏไฟ้บ้ใฏๆฏๆใใใพใใใไปฅๅใฏ็ฅๆฅใฎๆพ้ใไผๆญขใใใฆใใใใ2010ๅนดใฎGWไปฅ้ใฏ11ๆๅฐใซใ็ฅๆฅ็น็ชใใจใใฆๆพ้ใใใๅ ดๅใๅคใใๅงใฏๅๅผทใซ้ ๅผตใๅญฆๅนดใงไธ็ชไบ็ชใจใใๅช็ญ็ใ็ฎๆใใพใใใใใใใใฏใฏใฉใฆใณ๏ผ้ๅๅธซ๏ผใจใใใใๆใใๆฏ่ใฃใฆใใใพใใใ 2018ๅนด3ๆ1ๆฅไปใงใใกใฌใใฉใณใใฃใคใธใผใ ใฃใCVSใใคใจใชใขใฎไบๆฅญ็ธฎๅฐๅ๏ผๆฐๅบ่ใฎใฟๅญ็ถ๏ผใซไผดใใๅคง้จๅใฎๅบ่ใๅผใ็ถใใ ใ่คๅ๏ผไธๆฅใฎๆฅญๅใ็ตใใฃใใใจใซใๅฏฉๆปไผๅ ดใฎ็ซฏใใ็ซฏใพใงใใถใใผใฃใจๅ จ้จใฎๅฟๅๅฏพ่ฑกใใฟใใใจใใใฎใใใฃใฆใพใใใ
ๅคใใฎๆฉ่ฝใฏใ้จๅ็ใซๅใๅบใใฆๆดป็จใใใใจใใงใไผๆฅญใฎใคใณใใฉๆฅ็ถใๅฏ่ฝใซใชใฃใฆใใใพใใๅท้้ซ้้่ทฏ10ๅท็ท๏ผใใณใใณใใซ้จใๆฑ่ฅฟใซๆจชๅใใใธใฃใฏใฝใณใใซใใฌใคใฏใทใใฃใใฟใฉใใทใผใใใณใตใณใผใฉใ็ตใณใใธใฃใฏใฝใณใใซใง95ๅท็ทใจใใฌใคใฏใทใใฃใง75ๅท็ทใซๆฅ็ถใใฆใใใ 2011ๅนด3ๆ11ๆฅใๆฑๆฅๆฌๅคง้็ฝใฎๅ ฑ้็น็ชใฎใใใSCHOOL OF
LOCK!ๆพ้ไธญใใใใณๆพ้็ดๅใซ่ช็ถ็ฝๅฎณใ็บ็ใใๅ ดๅใ็ช็ตๅ ๅฎนใๅคงๅน ใซๅคๆดใใใๅ ดๅใใใใไธ่จไปฅๅคใซใใๆพ้ๅฝๆฅใซๆๆฅญใใผใใๆฅ้ฝๅคๆดใใ็ฝๅฎณ็บ็ๅ ดๆใซไฝใใงใใ็ๅพใฎๅฃฐใๅฑใใใใจใใใใ
5ๆ2ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๆฑไบฌใใผใ ๅคงไผใซไธๆฒขๅ ๆดใๅๆฆใ 5ๆ2ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๆฑไบฌใใผใ ๅคงไผใซๅฐๆฉๅปบๅคชใๅๆฆใ 6ๆ10ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๅคง้ชๅบ็ซไฝ่ฒไผ้คจใซไธธ่คๆญฃ้ใ้ดๆจ้ผๅคช้ใๅๆฆใ 6ๆ19ๆฅใChampions Night4 ใ50th Anniversary Tourใ๏ผๅคง็ฐๅบ็ทๅไฝ่ฒ้คจ๏ผใงใฟใคใฌใผใในใฏใไฝ่คๅ ็ใใๅๅฉใใไธ็ใธใฅใใขใใใผ็ด็ๅบงใ็ฒๅพใ ใใชใผใ ใใฏใผใทใชใผใบ 2023๏ฝใฌใใฏๆ ชๅผไผ็คพpresents๏ฝ๏ผๅคง็ฐๅบ็ทๅไฝ่ฒ้คจ๏ผใงๆฐธ็ฐ่ฃๅฟใ็ณๅทไฟฎๅธใใๅๅฉใใไธๅ ใใใผ็ด็ๅบงใๅ้ฒ่กใซๆๅใ
“NHKๆฌกๆไผ้ทใซใฟใใปFGๅ ็คพ้ทใปๅ็ฐๆไผธๆฐ ไธ็ฐ่ฏไธไผ้ทใฏไปปๆๆบไบใง้ไปป”.ๅ่ฐทใง็จ็ๅฃซใจใใฆๅใใฆใใใ็ๆฌใซใใใจๆใฃใฆใใๅ ญๅทณใจ17ๅนดใถใใฎๅไผใๆใใ๏ผ็ฌฌ18่ฉฑใใ็ปๅ ด๏ผใ “ๅธๅ ดใฎ้ถใปใฆใบใฉใใใฆใคใซใน ไธญๅฝใฎ้ณฅใคใณใใซใจใณใถ”.
ใพใใๅคง่ฆๆจกใชๅฑ็คบไผใงใใใใใใใๆขใใไธ่ฆงใใๆขใใใปใใใผ้ ไฟกไธ่ฆงใใๆขใใจใใฃใ่ชๅใฎใใผใบใซๅใใใฆใ็ฎ็ใฎใใผในใซ่ฟทใใใจใชใใใฉใ็ใใใชใฉๅฉไพฟๆงใๅใใฃใฆใใพใใๅฐๆฃ็ใงใฏ่ช็บ็ใชๅผ้ใฎไปใซใ่ฆๅฎใซใใๅผ้ใใใใๅฐๆฃใฎๆฃๆฆๅฏพๅฑใฎ่งฃ่ชฌ็จใฎๅฐๆฃ็คใงใใใใไฝฟ็จใใฆ่งฃ่ชฌใใใใจใๅคง็ค่งฃ่ชฌใจๅผใถใไธ่ฌ็ใซใฏใใใใฆใใๅ็ฌใงๅฏ่ฉใจใใฆ็จใใใใจใฏใชใใใๅฐๆฃ็ใงใฏใ่งฃ่ชฌใฎๆ็ซ ใงใๅ่จใฎๆใฎใจใใใงไปใฎๅ่ฃๆใจใใฆใใใใใใฎไธไพใๆใใใชใใฐใใจใใๆๅณใฎ็็ฅ็ใช่กจ็พใจใใฆใๅฏ่ฉ็ใซใใใใฆใใ็จใใไบบใใใใ
Additional along the north-japanese side of the constructing there’s a slender mild effectively, with toilets between it and
the central hallway, and a hearth escape staircase at
its Queen Avenue finish, which was put in through the building’s 1978-eighty
redevelopment. Kitchenettes and services cupboards sit between the 1979 fire escape and the
central hallway.
3ๆ2ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐZERO-ONEไธกๅฝๅฝๆ้คจๅคงไผใง้ๅฌใใใๆๆใๆฆใซๆฐธ็ฐ่ฃๅฟใๅๆฆใ 3ๆ25ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐZERO1-MAXๆญๅทๅฐๅ ด็ฃๆฅญๆฏ่ใปใณใฟใผๅคงไผใซไธญ่ฅฟๅญฆใๅนณๆพคๅ ็งใๅๆฆใ 3ๆ2ๆฅใใใญใฌในใชใณใฐZERO1-MAXๅพๆฅฝๅใใผใซๅคงไผใซไธญ่ฅฟๅญฆใ้ๆฌๆตฉไบใ็ฐๅฃ้็ฅใ้ซๆฉ่ฃไบ้ใๅ ่คๅฒไนใๅนณๆพคๅ ็งใไธญ้็่ผใๅๆฆใๆฅๆฌใๅ็ ง๏ผใซไผดใใทในใใ ่ชฟ้ใฎ็ฃๆปใๅ็ๅบใฎ่ชฟๆดใๆ ๅฝใใใใจใๆฑบใพใฃใใ
1ๆ21ๆฅใๆฐๆฅๆฌใใญใฌในๆจชๆตใขใชใผใๅคงไผใWRESTLE KINGDOM 17 inๆจชๆตใขใชใผใใใงๅฏพๆๆฆใ้ๅฌใ
ในใใผใธใใฟใชใผ. 2024ๅนด8ๆ22ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใ Nevius, C.W.
(2004ๅนด1ๆ22ๆฅ). “Just ask Chelsea, Jenna and Barbara: Escaping the glare of the spotlight isn’t easy for kids whose dads work in the Oval Office”.
Fresh Air. NPR (2004ๅนด4ๆ28ๆฅ). 2008ๅนด3ๆ3ๆฅ้ฒ่ฆงใๅๅฎนๆใงๅบไผใฃใๆไบบใฎใใฐใใจใจใใซ่ฑ่ตฐใใใฝใใจใใซ็งปไฝใใใจๅๅใๆฌๅใฎใใใฏในใใใใฐใในใซๆนใใใ ใพใใๅๅคๅฑๅธไบค้ๅฑๆฅ้ฒๅทฅๅ ดใซๆฌๅ ฅใใใๅๅคๅฑๅธๅถๅฐไธ้้ถด่็ทใป
For most up-to-date information you have to visit world wide web and on web I found
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ใคใใใฆใ็่ๅฑใฎไบญไธปใๅ ฅใคใฆๆฅใใฏใๅฑ ๏ผใคใถ๏ผใใใๅพใฎ่ใ่ฒทๅใ็บใงใใใใๅ ใซๅบญใ้๏ผใธใ ๏ผใฆใใๅใฏๆคๆปๅฎคใๆฑใๅฑ ๆฎบใฎๅฐๅฑใงใใใๆ้็ฎก็ใๆ่ญใใชใใใใใตใผใฏใซๆดปๅใ่ถฃๅณใ้ใณใชใฉใๅ ๅฎใใใชใใใคใณใฟใผใณใซๅๅ ใใฆใใ ใใใญใๆไธปใฏๅ้ๅ ๏ผใคใใ๏ผใใฆใๆฏ๏ผใใฎ๏ผ็จฎ็ใฎ่ใฎๅฃฒไปฃ๏ผใใใใ๏ผใๅใใฆใไบกใใชใคใ็งๅคซใฎ่ฟฝๅใซไพใธใใใใใใใใฆๅ ถใงไปใฎๅฟใๆ ฐใใฆๅใใจใใตใใจใ่ฉฑใใใๆไธปใฎ่จ่ใงใฏใชใใใใ็็ใฎ็บใใใจใใจๆใธใฐใๅฅใซ่ นใ็ซใคใฎไฝใฎใจใใตๅ ถๆง๏ผใใ๏ผใชๅฟๅฐ๏ผใใใใใก๏ผใซใฏๆใใชใใใฏใใซใๅฏๅท๏ผใใใพ๏ผใใ็ถใฎๆๅพใ็งๅ ดใฎ่ใฎไธใซๆตใใ่กๆฝฎ–ๅ ชใธใใใ่ฟฝๆถ๏ผใใใฒใง๏ผใฎๆ ใฏไธๆพใฎ่ธใซๆตฎใใงๆฅใใฎใงใใใ
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With little choice but to continue with the Invicta, Buick watched its output drop to 45,411 units for 1960 and then tumble to 28,733 for 1961, when the series lost its four-door sedan and brace of wagons.
The Silver Shadow was first launched by Rolls Royce in 1965.
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In many countries with significant populations of indigenous races and those of Afro-descent (such as Mexico, Colombia, Chile, etc.) income levels can be roughly half as high as those experiences by white demographics, and this inequity is accompanied by systematically unequal access to education, career opportunities, and poverty relief.
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At the press convention each gamers admitted that they simply forgot to shake palms.
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He was born Feb.
Service marks must be protected via ‘back door’ registration in goods classes.
Income taxes are one of our largest expenses, second only to housing for most American families.
In other phrases, currency alternate rate is also an element that decides the international or global affairs between the nations as well as overseas foreign money rates.
Context analysis is a method to analyze the environment in which a business operates.
They’re the most typical sort of pool pump.
Nonetheless, if you happen to choose to keep all the festivities outdoors, there is generally loads of space to arrange a tent and a dance floor with rolling vineyards within the background.
For the first few years of possession, the Sydenhams seem content with the way it was when bought from d’Evercy heirs.
Airbnb began in 2007 with two buddies providing a mattress and a free breakfast to earn some money and make use of their spare room.
Miranda, now a grown woman with a daughter, also returns to help her adopted father defeat the council, but both she and Sabbath die in the process.
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The sport grew to become very tense with Carlsen consuming numerous time.
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If you are currently considering purchasing a wide format printer there are probably the obvious reasons as to why you want to make this investment, however you may still be on the fence about this decision because of the initial high costs.
A 1970 research found that while the Native American population of Flagstaff was usually below-counted in censuses, the Native residents found that Flagstaff as a border city with reservations was way more welcoming than comparable towns, particularly noting Gallup, New Mexico, as one which was worse.
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An option is a contract between two parties in which the maker of the option (option writer) agrees to buy or sell a specified number of shares at a later date for an agreed price (strike price) to the holder of the option (option buyer) on a due date and time, when and if the latter so desires, in consideration of a sum of money (premium).
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In short, the stuff that other people just want to get rid of can become inexpensive treasures that make your yard look gorgeous.
If you doubt it will work for the one you love, strive changing unfavorable ideas of failure with an image of your future nonsmoker chewing gum as a substitute of lighting up and smelling like fabric softener as an alternative of smoke.
When carrying various clothing, individuals have the power to escape the confines of mainstream trend trends and discover their creativity.
Instructables: Make, The best way to, and DIY.
Not more than $3,500 of this amount can be in subsidized loans.
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You should always talk to the fund manager in question before you make a firm commitment.
Charles Lee was in western New Jersey, the place he had 2,000 Continental Army troops under his command.
From learning existent ancient home windows and emulation of the leading techniques of the master Thomas Willement, Warrington developed a style which allowed him to create windows strongly resembling those of the thirteenth and 14th centuries in look.
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You can scatter multiple Dots throughout your home to get data from Alexa, play music, place orders or control your sensible dwelling from more than one room without having to hold a distant (though the non-obligatory remote will work with Echo or Echo Dot).
A variety of strategic planning tools may be completed as part of strategic planning activities.
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Glass is most often formed by speedy cooling (quenching) of the molten type.
Put merely, banks lending forex to prospects, topic to each financial institution’s regulatory limit, is the principal mode of recent deposit creation.
The term “total derivative” is primarily used when f is a function of several variables, because when f is a function of a single variable, the total derivative is the same as the ordinary derivative of the function.
McBarron, H. Charles, Jr., William A. Foote, and John R. Elting.
In this context, a small row of round tiles makes a pleasant assertion and a sink bowl seems as a dramatic decorative accessory.
Barnes bottles are normally used in a laboratory when liquids should be stored.
Xiaomi released the Redmi Watch 3 Energetic in July 2023.
Because the very first report of a robber sticking up a customer outdoors an ATM, banks have been working diligently to stop face-to-face theft.
The company has been historically referred to as the “Home of Morgan” or just Morgan.
A couple of months later, the relationship sours, he turns into a not-so-nice guy and then there’s a person out there who doesn’t like you and has your login information.
Typical elapsed times were between 15 and 30 minutes just to inform the broker.
Some townhouses were severely damaged close to the Veterans Memorial Parkway, one in every of which was shifted off its basis as properly.
It has some upgrades on the unique hut together with a extra environment friendly fireplace, double glazing, insulation and photo voltaic lighting.
And why are teachers still “testing” youngsters in any respect?
Because employers are required by law to withhold income tax from all employee paychecks and deposit the money in a Federal Reserve Bank.
When I think about what’s next, I remind myself that there aren’t many asset courses left.
It might even run farm tools from a power take-off on its rear.
If possible, give your livestock feed that doesn’t contain fallout materials.
Theme weddings add a unique and personalised touch to the celebration, creating a cohesive and memorable atmosphere.
Also, the use of differential interest rates on tiered reserves to support commercial banks’ profitability in the face of negative interest rates, opens up another source of helicopter drop – albeit intermediated by banks.
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As a correlative to the precept of taxation at supply the articles of the Mannequin Convention are predicated on the premise of the recognition by the source country that (a) taxation of income from foreign capital would take under consideration expenses allocable to the earnings of the income in order that such income would be taxed on a web foundation, that (b) taxation wouldn’t be so excessive as to discourage funding and that (c) it might take into account the appropriateness of the sharing of income with the nation providing the capital.
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In its reversed state, the Knight of Wands advises caution and encourages us to think before we act.
You just have to ensure you are not disregarding them merely due to their incapacity.
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If you go computer buying and evaluate machines that meet these needs, a desktop will come out cheaper each time.
A risk matrix is a matrix that is used during risk assessment to define the level of risk by considering the category of likelihood (often confused with one of its possible quantitative metrics, i.e.
The 1986 Chevrolet Cavalier featured two sportier collection to complement the V-6 engine introduced in 1985.
Nevertheless, Reynaud was inconsolable.
The Jeep Wagoneer was larger and competed in a extra upmarket slot when it arrived in 1963, and for some time it seemed that the two makers might finally be taught to cut up what enterprise there was available, coexisting as opponents in a slowly increasing market.
A centralized partners portal management tools should contain all these features as well.
As we all know, the best way to save on month-to-month car expenses is by watching your mileage.
During our cruise, the room service menu for breakfast was basically one thing: A plate of pastries, muffins and croissants, plus juices and scorching drinks, however the line advised Travel Agent that it’s working on an enhanced breakfast menu for room service.
Current and pending balances are immediately out there for all accounts, and you can drill back from the balances into the detailed transaction vouchers.
Altrincham FC Youth will meet Newcastle Benfield in the following round of the FA Youth Cup.
Moreover her parents, she is survived by grandparents Barry and Margaret Beck of Sioux City, Ronald and Joan Breining of Elk Horn and Daniel and Jean Bieker of Harlan.
Aside from the open outcry, there are also virtual trading places such as the computer terminal, which is used to carry out the stock investing.
The light blue Irani Firoza gemstone with minimal flaws and visual clarity is good for astrological purposes.
Work and make legit money online in Nigeria on your own tempo (half-time or full-time).
It would be cheaper, certain, but it’d take endlessly, and the results wouldn’t come close to the work of carpet-cleaning professionals.
Nonetheless, to criticism or negative feedback and unjust, will take part in the administration of popularity, in order that clients know previous and future that actually promote the very best widgets round.
We command that you simply confess that Jesus Christ is Lord.
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This is of great importance to high-frequency traders, because they have to attempt to pinpoint the consistent and probable performance ranges of given financial instruments.
When you have ever heard of the web recreation Second Life, it’s something that people get extremely invested in and deal with as, properly, a second life.
Although there is a risk of entering the global currency market, with regard the possibility that large quantities of return.
J2459753 Sergeant Neil Jones.
You additionally want to contemplate the lack of walls for mechanical programs and ensuring your heating and cooling techniques can accommodate the new format.
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However, for getting reliable providers the companies should hire skilled and educated chartered accountants as they have higher analytical abilities and drawback fixing strategy.
Remember, I’m advocating buying this royalty trust for the income it provides, and with an 11.9 yield right now, that income more than justified current share prices.
Designed for every residence that deserves a contact of trendy functionality, our kitchen towels supply bursts of colour, soothing textures, and balanced designs to swimsuit all preferences.
USS Kauffman steams with the Abraham Lincoln Battle Group on a recurrently scheduled deployment conducting combat missions in help of Operation Enduring Freedom.
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Lately, the GT8N’s usage has been shifted to lines three and 5. The eleven trams are typically only used on weekdays.
You bet I’d, and so would anyone who knew him well.
By the turn of the century, there were already 310 securities traded on the exchange; by the beginning of World War I, this increased to almost 500.
With the identical team, Knuckles recurs in Sonic Riders and its two sequels; in each game, they participate in board-racing competitions collectively.
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These paints are coated on the topmost layer for prolonged durability.
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Moreover this, many individuals are also investing in commodity Trade Traded Funds (ETFs).
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Owning a enterprise and then driving it to the stage of merger and acquisition is a great achievement.
The system provides protected and secure cash transaction the place each stage of transaction passes through a series of safety checks and due to this fact, the automated system of transaction will be fully trusted.Every transaction provides accurate information which will be analyzed anytime by you and it provides you an improved transparency in money transaction.
Along with company enterprise pursuits, there are a lot of retail retailers in Chattanooga, including two procuring malls: Hamilton Place Mall in East Brainerd and Northgate Mall in Hixson.
Coconino County Lighting and Common Codes Archived July 21, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
On profitable energy in Could 1997, the brand new Labour government handed control over curiosity rates to the Bank of England, whose Financial Policy Committee now sets charges on the premise of an inflation target set by the Chancellor.
Not all wavelengths of light are visible to the human eye: Infrared light wavelengths are too long for our eyes to see, and ultraviolet wavelengths are too short.
It’s believed to help you make more cash and find probabilities for achievement in your job and enterprise.
It is a great way to provide your CDs a second life whereas supporting an excellent trigger.
If you are looking for wealth generation with mitigated risk, systematic investment planning is for you.
Now all of the White pieces transfer forward in a coordinated and decisive means.
As you get closer to retirement age, it might feel like it’s too late to buy a home.
Liquidation of assets and withdrawals from financial market were severe, which made a risky group of borrowers have difficulties rolling over their liabilities and financing new credits.
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Welsh, Daniel (thirteen November 2015).
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The scroll type of the compressors features in a manner fairly much like the screw compressors; the exception right here is that just one helical coil rotates and the opposite is stationary.
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These medications work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain, which may also help alleviate anxiety and improve temper.
With Patch 2.8, Taoist rulers were also added by this DLC.
These are undoubtedly scenic and fewer crowded and stretch for a good distance.
Price fixation gives quick relief from worth modifications.
Norway’s decision to cast off palm oil from its biofuel industry got here after years of dialogue and a vote ultimate yr to stop the authorities from buying palm-based biofuel (the authorities moved alternatively to a voluntary removal system).
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Hewlett-Packard Journal. Forty seven (5): 3. In 1994 HP bought Canstar, a Fibre Channel switch firm, which is now HP’s Canadian Networks Operation.
Insurance companies, in turn, have sometimes reimbursed medical doctors anyplace from 10 p.c to 17 percent over the retail value of the vaccine to cowl their further bills in stocking it.
Remove the lid and place the fermented seed and gel mixture right into a pitcher and fill it with water.
Kitchen and bath upgrades can return as a lot as 70 to ninety of their price at resale.
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The consumer and brand relationship sits above everything else.
28, 1893. She was preceded in death by her husband in August 1970, one daughter and one son.
By early 2022, rising inflation forced Powell, and latterly other central banks, to significantly tighten financial conditions including raising interest rates and quantitative tightening (the opposite of quantitative easing), which led to a synchronized fall across most asset prices (i.e.
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These behaviors may indicate that the canine is confused as to his place in the pack.
It must have appear like the gravy train would carry on rolling endlessly, in order that they received increasingly risky with their investments.
The present, with the assistance of a salt (potassium hydroxide), rips apart the molecular bonds that hold a water molecule collectively.
These designs make the bride stunning and good for the occasion of the marriage.
Stephen Fried, a journalist, historian and bestselling author who teaches at Columbia College and the University of Pennsylvania.
York Minster also comprises a lot of its unique glass including vital narrative home windows of the Norman period, the well-known Five Sisters window, the 14th-century west window and 15th-century east window.
MCGEE of the Church of Christ in Tahlequah officiating.
It happens because an economic manager brings in a lot of understanding and trails a structured investment approach.
While the other vehicles here had been nonetheless some of the top sellers in America of 2019, the Toyota RAV4 was the just one listed to promote more than 400,000 models, coming in closer to 450,000.
What sort of soup do you want?
Her parents are each Muggles (and dentists).
While selecting the level stop loss, any investor or analyst considers the stock volatility, support and resistance of the stocks.
The corporate has years of expertise allow them to deliver one of the best providers to people.
Data Protection- Sorting out current data protection problems requires a wide understanding of the current data protection environment and must also consider a company’s strategic goals, both technical and business.
It is crucial to have a realistic prepare and not jump forward just before understanding the principles of stock trading.
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What occurs if a runner is tagged with the ball while NOT on base?
He was a member of the first Baptist Church.
By early January 2009, the FDA had linked a deadly salmonella outbreak to a Georgia plant belonging to Peanut Company of America (PCA), and the company instantly ordered a recall.
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On 22 July 2014, he was drafted within the fifth spherical of the draft by Pune City.
Though there have been laudable technical advances like electronic transmission control and customary ABS, they solely stored the car present without making it more compelling.
On the other side, the third which you will place is the stop-loss order.
Mayer created and edited zero to 9 journal with Vito Acconci from 1967 to 1969, and published six points filled with content material by artists together with Robert Barry, Ted Berrigan, Clark Coolidge, John Giorno, Dan Graham, Michael Heizer, Kenneth Koch, Sol LeWitt, Jackson Mac Low, Harry Mathews, Adrian Piper, Bern Porter, Yvonne Rainer, Jerome Rothenberg, Aram Saroyan, Robert Smithson, Alan Sondheim, Hannah Weiner, and Emmett Williams.
Story, Louise; Thomas, Landon Jr; Schwartz, Nelson D. (14 February 2010).
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Now, it looks as if conventional tv has its own competitor, however it’s not one that is simply separated from television.
12, 2014, a sinkhole opened up beneath the floor of the National Corvette Museum in Bowling Green, Kentucky, where the automobiles are also manufactured.
This article describes how Amazon Cloud Player works, including the Amazon Cloud Drive powering it, and among the challenges Amazon is dealing with in providing its downloadable MP3s and streaming companies from cloud storage.
In January, Morse recorded Lead Me Lord with the Christian Gospel Temple Choir, his kids, and his friends.
Governments and firms ought to nonetheless attempt to seal any security holes they might need, however it’s unlikely that an enormous assault could cripple major techniques for a significant time period.
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Whereas the costs of elevating a special wants little one may be huge, some advance planning will enable you sleep at night.
She earns ยฃ900 a month after tax and must work out how her income impacts how a lot she’ll get.
Their ratings can influence borrowing costs for governments, impact exchange rates, and even affect the overall economic climate of a country.
Hafer, T.J. (31 October 2012).
York Worldwide Postcard Expo.
Your loved ones would almost certainly use a majority of the cash to pay to your funeral as a result of a funeral can easily worth $8,000 to $10,000, but not each penny needs to be used that means.
With increasing fuel costs the runningfees of a van are very critical to calculate ahead of acquiring.
Also, known as underwriting, it is a detailed methodology which helps the insurer in evaluating and assessing the risk associated with the insurance policy.
As you can observe from the chart under, the major trading centers are spread throughout various different time zones, reduce the need to stay for an opening or closing bell.
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In concert, the group has included Daniel Gildenlรถw of Ache of Salvation, and occasionally Ted Leonard, Morse’s eventual replacement in Spock’s Beard.
The term Yellen put was used to refer to Fed chair Janet Yellen’s policy of perpetual monetary looseness (i.e.
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It wasnโt till after World War II that Italian trend dipped its toes into these waters, and even then, Milan was nowhere on board.
It states in section 235 that a “collective investment scheme” means “any arrangements with respect to property of any description, including money, the purpose or effect of which is to enable persons taking part in the arrangements (whether by becoming owners of the property or any part of it or otherwise) to participate in or receive profits or income arising from the acquisition, holding, management or disposal of the property or sums paid out of such profits or income”.
His challenger in the course of the 2012 World Chess Championship Boris Gelfand certified for the 2013 Candidates Tournament.
After three unsuccessful attempts at gaining a bonus with 1.e4, Karjakin played 1.d4 for the first time within the match.
Nashville’s economic system and promote enterprise connections and leisure journey to the town.
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Another criterion that usually gets neglected is the texture of the drill.
Essentially, the lengthy rear-quarter panels of the 2-door wagon formed the exterior sides of the six-foot El Camino cargo box.
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Let’s start with the “ins,” or how things get deposited into the accounts.
If you’ll be able to annex a spot in or close to a retail center, and have the manpower in the form of proficient volunteers, a gift-wrapping station the place customers pay with meals or food bank donations could be quite successful.
Investing in stock market helps people to get some extra financial help.
Korchnoi enlisted the assistance of two American Ananda Marga yoga specialists who had lately been convicted of tried murder and released on bail.
June Narcieq attends Rohini Royal Academy, the place all youngsters possessing magical potential are enrolled and trained of their skills in accordance with the regulation.
QE1-3, intently monitoring Fed bond purchases.
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For example, physicians are notably susceptible to malpractice lawsuits.
As your skills advance, weโll head out on driving routes used in the practical driving test.
Store XMS Rings Earrings, Pendants, and Necklaces for Christmas 2024.
The T-shirt gains popularity as an outer garment after heartthrob Marlon Brando wears one in A Streetcar Named Need.
Tie-break video games have been meant to have more and more limited time controls.
These are really alarming indicators just like alarm for gasoline or engine oil in our automobile.
Kat Tretina and Benjamin Curry (9 April 2021).
In January 2022, Opera introduced Opera Crypto Browser into public beta, combining a non-custodial wallet with a dedicated browser for blockchain-enabled services and Web3 technologies.
If you think there is a lot of money waiting in an unclaimed foreign account, it may be worthwhile to hire a private investigator or “tracer” who specializes in recovering funds from foreign banks.
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According to a report published by the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) a year after the crash, a rise in realized money market instability corresponded with a similar increase in implied volatility for bond yields.
However this plethora of plastic could be a detriment to the atmosphere.
This is not simply limited to whether or not the facility meets your requirements for dining, accommodation and its meeting space but, if you’re planning actions, do they have the required indoor and/or outdoor area to accommodate the activities you would like to do.
Resulting from content material licensing restrictions, it was only out there in mainland China till October 2016, Xiaomi launched a Mi Box working Android Tv, making it accessible worldwide.
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In addition, whereas the main focus of this tour is certainly on Star Wars collecting, i.e.
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